CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE NativeDynamic AS

TYPE t_RefCur IS REF CURSOR;

-- Selects from students using the supplied WHERE clause,

-- and returns the opened cursor variable.
FUNCTION StudentsQuery(p_WhereClause IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN t_RefCur;

-- Selects from students based on the supplied major,

-- and returns the opened cursor variable.
FUNCTION StudentsQuery2(p_Major IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN t_RefCur;
END NativeDynamic;
/
show errors
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CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY NativeDynamic AS
-- Selects from students using the supplied WHERE clause,
-- and returns the opened cursor variable.
FUNCTION StudentsQuery(p_WhereClause IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN t_RefCur IS
v_ReturnCursor t_RefCur;
v_SQLStatement VARCHAR2(500);
BEGIN
-- Build the query using the supplied WHERE clause
v_SQLStatement := 'SELECT * FROM students ' || p_WhereClause;

-- Open the cursor variable, and return it.

OPEN v_ReturnCursor FOR v_SQLStatement;
RETURN v_ReturnCursor;
END StudentsQuery;

-- Selects from students based on the supplied major,

-- and returns the opened cursor variable.
FUNCTION StudentsQuery2(p_Major IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN t_RefCur IS
v_ReturnCursor t_RefCur;
v_SQLStatement VARCHAR2(500);
BEGIN
v_SQLStatement := 'SELECT * FROM students WHERE major = :m';

-- Open the cursor variable, and return it.

OPEN v_ReturnCursor FOR v_SQLStatement USING p_Major;
RETURN v_ReturnCursor;
END StudentsQuery2;
END NativeDynamic;
/
show errors
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set serveroutput on format wrapped

DECLARE
v_Student students%ROWTYPE;
v_StudentCur NativeDynamic.t_RefCur;
BEGIN
-- Call StudentsQuery to open the cursor for students with
-- even IDs.
v_StudentCur :=
NativeDynamic.StudentsQuery('WHERE MOD(id, 2) = 0');

-- Loop through the opened cursor, and print out the results.
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The following students have even IDs:');

Dynamic SQL 1
 LOOP
FETCH v_StudentCur INTO v_Student;
EXIT WHEN v_StudentCur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ' || v_Student.id || ': ' ||
v_Student.first_name || ' ' ||
v_Student.last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE v_StudentCur;

-- Call StudentsQuery2 to open the cursor for music majors.

v_StudentCur :=
NativeDynamic.StudentsQuery2('Music');

-- Loop through the opened cursor, and print out the results.
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The following students are music majors:');
LOOP
FETCH v_StudentCur INTO v_Student;
EXIT WHEN v_StudentCur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ' || v_Student.id || ': ' ||
v_Student.first_name || ' ' ||v_Student.last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE v_StudentCur;
END;
/
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-- This block illustrates the use of EXECUTE IMMEDIATE for
-- single-row queries.
DECLARE
v_SQLQuery VARCHAR2(200);
v_Class classes%ROWTYPE;
v_Description classes.description%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- First select into a single variable.
v_SQLQuery :=
'SELECT description ' ||
' FROM classes ' ||
' WHERE department = ''ECN''' ||
' AND course = 203';

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_SQLQuery

INTO v_Description;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Fetched ' || v_Description);

-- Now select into a record, using a bind variable.

v_SQLQuery :=
'SELECT * ' ||
' FROM classes ' ||
' WHERE description = :description';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_SQLQuery
INTO v_Class
USING v_Description;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Fetched ' || v_Class.department || ' ' || v_Class.course);

-- Fetch more than one row, which will raise ORA-1422.

v_SQLQuery := 'SELECT * FROM classes';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_SQLQuery
INTO v_Class;
END;
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Dynamic SQL 2
DECLARE
v_SQLString VARCHAR2(200);
v_PLSQLBlock VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
-- First create a temporary table, using a literal. Note that
-- there is no trailing semicolon in the string.
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
'CREATE TABLE execute_table (col1 VARCHAR(10))';

-- Insert some rows using a string. Again, there is no

-- trailing semicolon inside the string.
FOR v_Counter IN 1..10 LOOP
v_SQLString :=
'INSERT INTO execute_table
VALUES (''Row ' || v_Counter || ''')';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_SQLString;
END LOOP;

-- Print out the contents of the table using an anonymous

-- PL/SQL block. Here we put the entire block into a single
-- string (including the semicolon).
v_PLSQLBLock :=
'BEGIN
FOR v_Rec IN (SELECT * FROM execute_table) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_Rec.col1);
END LOOP;
END;';

-- And now we execute the anonymous block.

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_PLSQLBlock;

-- Finally, drop the table.

-- EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE execute_table';
END;
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DECLARE
v_SQLString VARCHAR2(1000);
v_PLSQLBlock VARCHAR2(1000);

CURSOR c_EconMajor IS SELECT * FROM students WHERE major = 'Economics';

BEGIN
-- Insert ECN 103 into classes, using a string for the SQL statement.
v_SQLString :='INSERT INTO CLASSES (department, course, description,max_students, current_students,
num_credits)VALUES (:dep, :course, :descr, :max_s, :cur_s, :num_c)';

-- Execute the INSERT, using literal values.

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_SQLString USING 'ECN', 103, 'Economics 103', 10, 0, 3;

-- Register all of the Economics majors for the new class.

FOR v_StudentRec IN c_EconMajor LOOP
-- Here we have a literal SQL statement, but PL/SQL variables in the USING clause.
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'INSERT INTO registered_students (student_ID, department, course, grade)
VALUES (:id, :dep, :course, NULL)' USING v_StudentRec.ID, 'ECN', 103;

-- Update the number of students for the class, using an anonymous PL/SQL block.
v_PLSQLBlock :=
'BEGIN
UPDATE classes SET current_students = current_students + 1 WHERE department = :d and course = :c;
END;';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_PLSQLBlock USING 'ECN', 103;
END LOOP;
END;
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Dynamic SQL 3