Question 1:

What is weblogic server?

Answer
Oracle WebLogic Server is J2EE Server (earlier known as BEA WebLogic Server)
similar to Oracle Application Server.
Oracle Weblogic server

Question 2:

What oracle weblogic server includes?

Answer
Oracle weblogic server includes

1)Domain
2)cluster
3)servers

Question 3:

We often see BSU when using weblogic.What is the meaning of BSU ?

Answer
Oracle bought Weblogic from BEA. BSU Stands for Bea Smart Update. This utility is
used to apply the WebLogic Server Patches. In simple terms, it is first letter of
name of founders Bill Coleman, Ed Scott and Alfred Chuang.

Question 4:

What is domain in WebLogic ?

Answer
Domain is a group of WebLogic server resources like admin server, managed server,
jms,connection pool, data sources etc or whatever the resource you know of WebLogic
server. since domain is the basic unit you have to create after installation and
everything created and configured under a domain.

There can only be one administration Server in domain and zero to N Managed Server.

How to create weblogic Domain

Question 5:

What is Administration Server ?

Answer
Admin server is the central point from where you can configure, Monitor and manage
all resources of a domain.
Administration Server is WebLogic Server instance that maintains configuration data
for a domain. You can deploy your application on administration Server but it is
recommended to create managed Server and deploy your application in managed server
and leave Administration domain for configuration and maintenance.
There will always be at least one Administration Server in a domain.

How to stop-start Weblogic server

Question 6:
What is Managed Server ?
Answer
It is an instance of your WebLogic server that is running on JVM and has its own
configuration.
In Managed server we will deploy the java components
Web Applications
EJB Applications
JMS Applications
Web services

How to stop/start Managed server

Question 7:

Can we start a Managed Server if the Administration Server is unavailable?

Answer
By default, if a Managed Server is unable to connect to the specified
Administration Server during startup, it can retrieve its configuration by reading
a configuration file and other files directly. You cannot change the server�s
configuration until the Administration Server is available. A Managed Server that
starts in this way is running in Managed Server Independence mode

Question 8:

What is the easiest way to set the classpath?

Answer
WebLogic Server installs the following script that you can use to set the classpath
that a server requires:
WL_HOME\server\bin\setWLSEnv.cmd (on Windows)
WL_HOME/server/bin/setWLSEnv.sh (on UNIX)

where WL_HOME is the directory in which you installed WebLogic Server

Question 9: What is Cluster in WebLogic ?

Answer
Two or more managed server becomes or forms the cluster in a domain and cluster
handle the load balancing across the cluster.
Group of WebLogic Managed Server Instances that work together to provide high
availability and scalability for applications is called cluster. WebLogic Servers
with in cluster can run on same machine or different machines. These are also
called as managed Server cluster.

Question 10:

What is Server
Answer
Server is an instance of your WebLogic which is running on a JVM and has dedicated
RAM.

Question 11:
How to start Node Manager ?

Answer:
$WL_HOME\server\bin\startNodeManager.sh

To Stop Node Manager

In Unix/Linux, kill the process �
kill -9 ps -ef | grep -i nodemanager.javahome | grep -v grep | awk {'print $2'} |
head -1
How to start/stop Node manager

Question 12:

Why node manager is required?

Answer
A Node Manager process is not associated with a specific WebLogic domain but with a
machine. You can use the same Node Manager process to control server instances in
any WebLogic Server domain, as long as the server instances reside on the same
machine as the Node Manager process. Node Manager must run on each computer that
hosts WebLogic Server instances. whether Administration Server or Managed Server
that you want to control with Node Manager.

Question 13:
How many types of weblogic installation ?

Answer
There are 3 types of weblogic installation.

(a) Grapical Mode (interactive GUI based)

(b) Console Mode (interactive Text Based)

(c) Silent Mode ( Non Interactive method using .xml properties file)
How to perform the weblogic Installation

Middleware Home and Weblogic Server Home directories

Question 14:
How does Cluster Communication Happen?

Answer:
Members of the Cluster communicate over the Cluster Multicast IP and Port by
sending periodic heart beat messages.

Question 15:
What is the difference between the Sun JVM and BEA JRockit JVM?

Answer

The most well know JVM is the implementation from Sun. The Sun JVM is called
HotSpot. The Sun JVM is shipped in the Java Developer�s Kit (JDK) and Java Runtime
Environment (JRE) from Sun.

The BEA JRockit JVM from BEA systems is optimized for reliability and performance
for server side applications. To achieve this, BEA JRockit JVM uses technologies
such as code generation, hot spot detection, code optimization, advanced garbage
collection algorithms and tight operating system integration.

Weblogic: Sun JDK and Oracle Jrocket

Question 16:

What are JVM Tuning Parameters.

Answer
If you have a single processor, single thread machine then you should use the
serial collector (default for some configurations, can be enabled explicitly for
with -XX: +UseSerialGC). For multiprocessor machines where your workload is
basically CPU bound, use the parallel collector. This is enabled by default if you
use the -server flag, or you can enable it explicitly with -XX:+UseParallelGC. If
you�d rather keep the GC pauses shorter at the expense of using more total CPU
time for GC, and you have more than one CPU, you can use the concurrent collector
(-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC).
Question 17:

How do you do performance tuning of WLS? What are various areas to do it

Answer

a. Application Tuning.
jsp precompilation, ejb pool size cache..

b. OS Tuning
Setting tcp ip parameter.
tcp_time_wait_interval
tcp_conn_req_max_q

c. Core Server Tuning.

tune work manager, tune chuck size and chunk pool size, using performance packs,
connection backlog buffering.

d. JVM Tuning
tuning gc strategy, monitoring garbage collection..

Question 18:

How do stubs work in a WebLogic Server cluster?

Answer
Clients that connect to a WebLogic Server cluster and look up a clustered object
obtain a replica-aware stub for the object. This stub contains the list of
available server instances that host implementations of the object. The stub also
contains the load balancing logic for distributing the load among its host servers

Question 19:

What is HTTP tunneling? How can we configure it on WebLogic?

Answer
HTTP tuning provides a way to simulate a tasteful socket connection between
WebLogic Server and a Java client when your only option is to use the HTTP
protocol. It is
generally used to tunnel through an HTTP port in a security firewall. HTTP is a
stateless protocol, but WebLogic Server provides tunneling functionality to make
the connection appear to be a regular T3Connection.
Steps to configure Http tunneling.
Login into the Admin Console, click on the server on which you want to enable he
Http Tunneling feature
Click on the Protocols tab
General
check the �Enable Tunneling� check box.
Now you can communicate with the JVMs (Server Instances) using protocols other than
t3
Question 20:

What is the difference between T3 and HTTP protocol?

Answer
WebLogic uses the T3 protocols for internal and external connections to the
servers. The T3 protocol often is used in WebLogic implementation of RMI.
Proprietary of WebLogic Server.

Http protocols are used primarily for HTTP communication between the browser and
the web server. Standard follows the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium).
Note: All of these protocols are, by default, multiplexed over the same connection
to the server�s address and port. So you can access a web page hosted by the
server using a URL such as http://host:port/page.jsp. An external client can set
up an initial JNDI context to a server using the URL t3://host:port/. All that has
changed is the protocol over which the client must communicate with the server.

Question 21:

What are the States of the Weblogic Server?

Answer
There are 9 states of server which are given below

Shutdown
Starting
Standby
Resuming
Running
Suspending
Shutting down
Failed
Unknown

Question 22:

What is the difference between Multicast and Unicast?

Answer

Unicast is the method used in the clustering technique where there are cluster
master and each server should ping to this cluster master for informing that the
server is alive.

Multicast: It is a kind of clustering system where there is no cluster master and

each and every server needs to ping each other for informing their existence.
Multicasting has many messages to be sent in the form of ping as each server needs
to inform all others about its existence. This condition creates much complexity
associated with the method compared to unicast.

Question 23:

How to access admin console ?

Answer
ssl enabled admin console accessed as :
https://<hostname_or_ip_address_where_admin_server_running>:<port_on_which_admin_se
rver_is _running>/console
Example � https://localhost:7001/console

non ssl admin console accessed as :

http://<hostname_or_ip_address_where_admin_server_running>:<port_on_which_admin_ser
ver_is_ running>/console
Example � http://localhost:7001/console

Question 24:
How many admin consoles possible in a single domain ?

Answer
only one is possible

Question 25:
What is the default port of admin server ?

Answer
7001

Question 26:

What is config.xml in weblogic server?

Answer
config.xml is the central configuration repository for a domain. every resource you
have configured from admin console or by command line or by any other tool
registered under this file.

Question 27:

What is boot.properties file ? what is the significance of it

Answer
boot.properties is the file used by admin or managed server during startup for
username and password. it exist under your domain/servers/server_name/security
folder.

When you create a domain in development mode then it creates automatically during
startup of admin server but if you create a domain in production mode then you
need to define it explicitly otherwise on every reboot of admin server it will
prompt you for username and password.
So in production mode �
Start admin server by manually passing the username and password
stop it ( press cntrl+c on the started session )
go to your domain/servers/your_admin_server/ create a folder �security�
go inside security and create a file �boot.properties� with below contents
username=your_admin_username
password=your_admin_password
now start the admin server, it will not prompt you for username & password further.
If you are going to start your managed servers from admin console then no need to
create this file for managed server but if you are going to start managed servers
via startManagedweblogic script then you need to follow the same above procedure
for each
managed server.

Question 28:

What is actually WebLogic Cache?

Answer:
Basically all the web-tier related files (.jsp .class, JSPCompiled files etc.,) get
stored in some directory. This is treated as cache whenever there is restart of a
WebLogic instance happen then the WebLogic server will look-up for last serviced
object status stored in the cache to service for any pending requests. Usually,
when your EJB Classes need sessions, JMS object requires persistance, your web-
tier may contain static contents then Cache will be used by WebLogic Application
Server instance.

Question 29:
Why we need to remove Cache?

Answer:
Whenever your application is accessed for the first time that fresh deployment of a
new version, WebLogic server lookup in this directory, if there are older objects
persists that will be conflict with new code objects. This is where the need of
removal of cache arises.Where there is a need of new version deployment we might
need to clear the cache when the changes to the new version is not reflected.

Generally for WebLogic 9.x and higher versions

WIN: C:\weblogic\user_projects\domains\yourdomain\servers\yourserver\tmp

UNIX: /weblogic/user_projects/domains/yourdomain/servers/yourserver/tmp

you can use the following commands to clear the cache:

WIN: rd C:\weblogic\user_projects\domains\yourdomain\servers\yourserver\tmp
UNIX: rm -rf /weblogic/user_projects/domains/yourdomain/servers/yourserver/tmp

Here I am removing all the subdirectories and files in the the given directory.

Question 30:

What is Thread dump?

Answer
Thread Dump is a textual dump of all active threads and monitors of Java apps
running in a
Virtual Machine.

Question 31:

When we will take Thread dump? Please give us some examples

Answer

Some of the examples would be

1. when server is hang Position, i.e. that time server will not respond to coming
requests.
2. While sever is taking more time to restart
3. When we are Getting exception like �java.lang.OutOfMemoryException�
4. Process running out of File descriptors. Server cannot accept further requests
because sockets cannot be created
5. Infinite Looping in the code

Question 32:

How many ways take Thread Dumps?

Answer
we have to take a Thread dumps many times when we faced issues. We can choose one
Procedure. For analyzing take dumps some Intervals (like every 20mins, 5mins etc.).

Question 33:

What you Can Do with Node Manager

Answer
We can manage the whole gamut of activities from Node manager
1) Start, Shut Down, and Restart an Administration Server
2) Start, Shut Down, Suspend, and Restart Managed Servers
3) Monitor Servers and View Log Data

Question 34:

How to check port number?

Answer
netstat -na |grep connected (to find the ports connected in Linux box.)
netstat -na |grep listen (to find the listening ports in HP-UX,Solaris)

Question 35:

What are the capabilities of WebLogic server?

Answer
There are various capabilities associated with WebLogic server and they are
Changes in dynamic configuration.
Production application redeployment
Rolling upgrades.

Question 36:

How can default JVM be changed to other?

Answer:

For changing the JVM can be done by following the steps below.
1)You should first set the JAVA_HOME in the start script of the server.
2)Change the config.xml of domain for using the JRockit javac.exe
3) Remove any kind of switches specific to Sun JVM from start scripts of server.

Question 37:

What are the modes of operation for Weblogic server domains?

Answer:

There are two modes

Development mode:
You use development mode while you are developing your applications. Development
mode uses a relaxed security configuration and enables you to auto-deploy
applications.

Production mode:
You use production mode when your application is running in its final form. A
production domain uses full security and may use clusters or other advanced
features.

Question 38:

We see error like 404 and 500. What does they mean?

Answer
The error code 404 � Page not found this says there is no page on the server when
browser client requesting, this can happen when application is not deployed
properly or not in active state or not initialized properly

500- Internal server error This error occurs when there is a communication issue
between server�s intermediate services

Question 39:

What is the difference between stage and no stage deployment?

Answer
Stage Deployment:- Admin server Having the physical copy and it will distribute to
remaining instances.

Staged deployment will copy your deployment units onto the deployment servers,
place them into the $WL_HOME/servers/SERVER_NAME/stage directory and deploy them
from there.

In no-stage mode, the Administration Server does not copy the archive files from
their source location. Instead, each target server must access the archive files
from a single source directory for deployment. The staging directory of target
servers is ignored for no-stage deployments.

Question 40:
how to Check the version of java in Unix ?

Answer
java -version run this command in linux to know the java version.