IRRIGATION

ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS

PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS
1. What pressure is required to reduce the volume of water by 0.16 percent? Bulk
Modulus of Elasticity of water is equal to 8250 MPa.
a. 13.20 MPa b. 11.50 MPa
c. 14.60 MPa d. 12.40 MPa
2. Assuming specific weight of air to be constant at 12 N/m3, what is the
approximate height of Mt. Mayon if a mercury barometer at the base of the
mountain reads 654 mm and at the same time another mercury barometer at the
top of the mountain reads 480 mm?
a. 1934.53 m b. 1835.62 m
c. 1748.03 m d. 1602.19 m
3. A pressure gage at elevation 10 m at the side of a tank containing liquid
reads 80 kPa. Another gage at elevation 4 m reads 120 kPa, Find the specific
gravity of the liquid.
a. 0.62 b. 0.65
c. 0.68 d. 0.73
SITUATION I
A tank of glycerin has a mass of 1500 kg and a volume of 1.19 m3.
4. Determine the weight of glycerin.
a. 14.715 kN b. 12.435 kN
c. 9.791 kN d. 17.145 kN
5. Determine the unit weight of glycerin.
a. 14.41 kN/m3 b. 12.37 kN/m3
c. 8.23 kN/m3 d. 10.45 kN/m3
6. Determine the specific gravity of glycerin.
a. 0.84 b. 1.07
c. 1.26 d. 1.47
SITUATION II
A wooden storage vat full of oil (s = 0.80) is in the shape of a frustum of a
cone 2 m in diameter at the top, 4 m in diameter at the bottom, and 3 m high.
The vat is provided with two steel hoops one at the top and one at the bottom.
7. Which of the following most nearly gives the hydrostatic force on the side of
the vat?
a. 117.72 kN b. 108.24 kN
c. 94.18 kN d. 70.63 kN
8. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance of the hydrostatic force
from the bottom of the vat?
a. 0.75 m b. 0.80 m
c. 0.90 m d. 1.00 m
9. Which of the following most nearly gives the force in the bottom hoop?
a. 41.20 kN b. 44.58 kN
c. 17.66 kN d. 35.16 kN
10. A block of wood floats in water with 20 cm projecting above the water surface.
The same block when placed in oil (s = 0.80) floats with 15 cm projecting
above the oil surface. Find the specific gravity of the block.
a. 0.45 b. 0.50
c. 0.63 d. 0.70
SITUATION III
A wooden block having a cross-section of 0.60 m x 0.60 m floats in water with
0.18 m projecting above the surface. When placed in oil with specific gravity
of 0.90, the block projects 0.14 m above the surface.
11. Compute the height of the block.
a. 0.54 m b. 0.68 m
c. 0.71 m d. 0.96 m
 IRRIGATION
ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS
12. Compute the specific gravity of the block.
a. 0.81 b. 0.45
c. 0.51 d. 0.67
13. Compute the weight of the block.
a. 1543.10 N b. 1277.70 N
c. 1821.40 N d. 1345.20 N
SITUATION IV
A piece of metal weighs 350 N in air and 240 N in water.
14. Which of the following most nearly gives the volume of the metal?
a. 0.0196 m3 b. 0.0172 m3
3
c. 0.0112 m d. 0.0142 m3
15. Which of the following most nearly gives the unit weight of the metal?
a. 31.25 kN/m3 b. 24.65 kN/m3
3
c. 20.35 kN/m d. 17.86 kN/m3
16. Which of the following most nearly gives the specific gravity of the metal?
a. 1.82 b. 2.07
c. 2.51 d. 3.19
SITUATION V
A child playing in the pool is using a cylindrical can as a boat for his toy
soldiers. The can weighs 778.60 N with a height of 1.50 m and a diameter of
(0.50)0.50 m.
17. Which of the following most nearly gives the height of the can submerged in
the water?
a. 0.1818 m b. 0.2112 m
c. 0.3210 m d. 0.2021 m
18. Which of the following most nearly gives the length of the can above the
water if the child puts three toys 1 kN each inside the can?
a. 0.981 m b. 0.519 m
c. 0.588 m d. 1.298 m
19. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum number of toy soldiers
that the can could carry without sinking?
a. 5 b. 6
c. 8 d. 9
SITUATION VI
The gate AB is hinged at A and kept closed by a force P at B. PAIR = 18.46 kPa
vacuum. (FIG FM-01)
20. Determine the nearest value of the total force exerted by the oil on the
plate.
a. 145.20 kN b. 165.30 kN
c. 155.18 kN d. 135.15 kN
21. Compute the value of the location of the total force from A.
a. 4.82 m b. 5.23 m
c. 3.15 m d. 2.46 m
22. Which of the following gives the value of the force P needed to keep the
gate closed?
a. 124.68 kN b. 142.86 kN
c. 114.68 kN d. 162.48 kN
SITUATION VII
A concrete dam retains water as shown in FIG FM-02. The unit weight of the
concrete is 23.50 kN/m3. Assume there is hydrostatic uplift that varies
uniformly from full hydrostatic head at the heel of the dam to zero at the
toe. The coefficient of friction between the dam and the soil foundation is
0.45.
 IRRIGATION
ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS
23. Determine the factor of safety against sliding.
a. 2.54 b. 1.15
c. 3.69 d. 1.35
24. Determine the factor of safety against overturning.
a. 2.20 b. 3.23
c. 1.39 d. 2.67
25. Compute the pressure intensity at the heel of the dam.
a. 85 kPa b. 94 kPa
c. 73 kPa d. 88 kPa
SITUATION VIII
A concrete gravity dam has a cross sectional dimensions shown in FIG FM-03.
Assuming the concrete weighs 24 kN/m3 and the coefficient of friction between
the concrete and the base is 0.75, analyze a unit width of the dam. A horizontal
load of 73.15 kN/m due to logs resulting from logging is acting at the upstream
side of the dam.
26. Determine the resultant reaction at the base of the dam
a. 3918.60 kN b. 10383.70 kN
c. 9383.70 kN d. 12456.80 kN
27. Determine the factor of safety against overturning.
a. 3.46 b. 3.15
c. 2.12 d. 1.84
28. Determine the factor of safety against sliding.
a. 3.46 b. 3.15
c. 2.12 d. 1.84
SITUATION IX
Two spheres each 1.30 m diameter weighs 5kN and 13 kN, respectively. They are
connected by a short rope and placed in water. Assume unit weight of water
9.79 kN/m3.
29. What is the tension in the rope?
a. 1.28 kN b. 1.36 kN
c. 1.74 kN d. 1.82 kN
30. What portion of the lighter sphere protrudes from the water?
a. 37.80% b. 38.20%
c. 39.60% d. 40.10%
31. Find the depth of floatation of the lighter sphere.
a. 0.58 m b. 0.65 m
c. 0.73 m d. 0.81 m
SITUATION X
A square plate having one of its sides equal to 3.50 m is immersed in water
in a vertical position such that the two edges of the square would be
horizontal. The center of pressure in the plate is 12 cm from the center of
gravity.
32. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance of the upper surface
of the plate from the water surface?
a. 6.76 m b. 9.25 m
c. 12.36 m d. 15.10 m
33. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance of the center of
pressure from the water surface?
a. 6.24 m b. 11.36 m
c. 14.81 m d. 8.63 m
34. Which of the following most nearly gives the hydrostatic force acting on one
side of the plate?
a. 890.40 kN b. 1022.30 kN
c. 1236.71 kN d. 697.21 kN
 IRRIGATION
ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS
SITUATION XI
An object floats in a tank containing mercury.
35. What fraction of the volume of the object with specific gravity of 7.3 floats
above the surface of mercury?
a. 73/136 b. 981/1360
c. 63/136 d. 379/1360
36. If the volume of the object below the liquid surface is 0.014 m3, what is
the weight of the object?
a. 1.72 kN b. 1.87 kN
c. 1.65 kN d. 2.01 kN
37. What load applied vertically that would cause the object to be fully
submerged?
a. 1.42 kN b. 1.92 kN
c. 1.12 kN d. 1.61 kN
SITUATION XII
A conical having a radius of base equal to 35 cm and a height of 65 cm has
its base at the bottom.
38. If water is poured into the tank, find the total volume to fill up?
a. 0.0143 m3 b. 0.0519 m3
c. 0.0834 m3 d. 0.0321 m3
39. How much additional water is required to fill the tank if 0.025 m3 of water
is poured into the conical tank?
a. 0.0584 m3 b. 0.0383 m3
3
c. 0.0412 m d. 0.0928 m3
40. Find the height of free surface if 0.025 m3 of water is poured into a conical
tank.
a. 0.577 m b. 0.315 m
c. 0.588 m d. 0.165 m
SITUATION XIII
A vertical circular gate in a tunnel 8m in diameter has oil (sg=0.80) on one
side and air on the other side as shown. If oil is 12m above the invert and
the air pressure is 40kPa: (FIG FM-04)
41. Compute the hydrostatic force acting on the gate.
a. 2656 kN b. 3156 kN
c. 2877 kN d. 2063 kN
42. Compute the location of this force from the top of gate.
a. 3.75 m b. 5.70 m
c. 4.50 m d. 6.35 m
43. Where will a single support be located above the invert to hold the gate in
position?
a. 1.47 m b. 2.12 m
c. 2.62 m d. 3.36 m
SITUATION XIV
A cylinder having a diameter of 1.20 m and weighing 800 N floats in sea water
with its axis vertical and a draft of 30 cm. it is anchored at the bottom of
the sea with 0.570 m3 of a concrete block weighing 23.50 kN/m3.
44. What is the buoyant force acting on the cylinder?
a. 2.53 kN b. 3.43 kN
c. 5.35 kN d. 3.88 kN
45. What is the reaction of the sea bed on the anchor?
a. 5.01 kN b. 5.64 kN
c. 5.35 kN d. 6.01 Kn
 IRRIGATION
ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS
46. Determine the rise of tide that will lift the anchor from the bottom of the
sea.
a. 0.11 m b. 0.33 m
c. 0.22 m d. 0.44 m
SITUATION XV
Thw unit weight of the dam shown in FIG FM-05 is 23.50 kN/m3. The foundation
is impermeable. The coefficient of friction between the base of the dam and
the foundation soil is 0.48. assume water weighs 9.79 kN/m3. Determine:
47. The factor of safety against sliding.
a. 1.05 b. 1.26
c. 1.12 d. 1.34
48. The factor of safety against overturning.
a. 2.37 b. 3.20
c. 2.82 d. 3.42
49. The shear stress at the base.
a. 31.97 kPa b. 50.01 kPa
c. 44.06 kPa d. 54.98 kPa
50. Determine the pressure at M in the manometer shown in FIG FM-06.
a. 180.50 kPa b. 219.47 kPa
c. 150.80 kPa d. 219.74 kPa

FIG FM-01

FIG FM-02
 IRRIGATION
ACTIVITY NO. 1 - PROBLEMS
PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS, VARIATION OF PRESSURES AND DAMS

FIG FM-04
FIG FM-03

FIG FM-05
FIG FM-06