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Name: Grade & Section: 12 - STEM E

Teacher: Lyka Jane Castillote

FLUID MECHANICS

1. What is the pressure on the bottom of an aquarium 0.03 m deep filled with water?

2. The plug in a bathtub is 10 cm² in area and is 0.8 m below the surface of the water. What
is the force of the water on the plug?

3. If a column of oil 0.89 m high is balanced by a column of mercury 0.06 m high, what is
the density of the oil?
4. A dentist’s chair is an example of a hydraulic system. The chair rests on a piston with a
cross-sectional area of 0.0145 m ². What force must the dentist’s foot exert on the small
piston with a cross-sectional area of 7.5 cm ² in order to lift a 165-kg chair?

5. The water pressure in a kitchen faucet is 3.43 x10 5 N/m ². How high above the faucet is
the surface of the water in the storage tank?

6. A swimming pool 8.0 m x 15.0 m has a uniform depth of 2.0 m. Determine the total force
and absolute pressure on the bottom of the pool.
7. The area of contact between an injection needle and the skin is a very tiny circle with a
diameter of 2.54 x10 -3 cm. If the needle exerts a force of 6.9 x10 -2 N, what is the
pressure in N/m ² ?

8. A hydraulic lift has two circular pistons of diameters 10 cm and 1.5 m. Determine :

a. The force needed on the small piston to enable the large piston to lift a car weighing
1.96 x10 4 N.

b. The displacement of the small piston if the car is raised to a height of 0.8 m.
9. An aluminum cylinder has a volume of 60 mL. Calculate the buoyant force that will be
exerted on the cylinder when it is immersed in

a. Water

b. Alcohol (density 0.78 g/mL)

10. A small can weighs 1.23 N in air and has a volume of 1 x 10 -5 m 3. How much will it
weigh when completely submerged in water?
Essay
1. What is the relation between specific gravity and density?

2. Mercury has a higher density than water. Does this mean that the molecules of mercury
are heavier than those of water? Explain.

3. If you push both a pin and a barbeque stick against your skin with equal force, which do
you think will cut your skin first, the pin or stick? Decide what determines whether your
skin suffers a cut the net force applied to it or the pressure. Support your answer.
4. As a balloon rises, does the pressure inside the bag of the balloon increases or decreases?
Explain.

5. Why is it easier to float in seawater than in fresh water?

6. Steel is much denser than water. How will you explain that boats made of steel float?
7. As a ship travels from a river into the ocean, does it sink or rise slightly when it enters the
salt water? Explain.

8. Explain why blowing over a piece of paper causes it to rise.

9. Explain how the insecticide sprayer works.

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