CPC 100

CT - Testing

© OMICRON August 2004 Page: 1

Scope of CT

• Ratio (and Burden)

• Burden (sec. injection method)
• Excitation Curve
• Winding Resistance
• Voltage Withstand
• Polarity Check (downstream)
• Ratio (secondary voltage
injection method)
• Ratio (for unconventional CT’s)

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 CT Ratio
• Measures CT Ratio,
Burden,and Polarity
• Injection on CT Primary
Side
• Measure CT Secondary
Current (at IAC input)
800A Output IAC Input and Voltage (at V1AC
V1AC Input Input)

• *Demagnetize CT before doing the

Ratio test will help ensure that
residual induction is zero (high
residual induction will cause higher
ratio error)

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CT Ratio

Test Settings

Test Results

Isec Options:
1. Connect Isec to IAC Input and
let CPC100 measure it
2. Via current clamp connection to
IAC (recommended) or V2AC
input
3. Select ‘Manual input’ and enter
Isec manually (for reading from
external current clamp not
connected to CPC

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 CT Burden
• Measures CT Burden via
AC injection into the
load (up to 6A)
• Used in cases where
800A injection to primary
is not enough to
measure the burden
IAC Input

6A Output V1AC Input

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CT Burden

Test Settings

Test Results

* Selecting the ‘Manual

Input’ to enter the value for
Vsec manually (if Vsec
was measured with an
Auto/Man Test
external voltmeter instead
procedures similar
of via V1AC)
to CTRatio

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 CT Excitation
• Record Excitation
Curve of CT
• Injection of test voltage
up to 2kV to CT
secondary terminals
• For CT’s with multiple
taps, make sure to
connect to the tap with
the highest ratio
2kV Output
•otherwise, the CT will
act like an auto-
transformer and may
produce flashover
across the CT terminal
blocks

© OMICRON August 2004 Page: 7

CT Excitation

Test Settings

Test Results

Knee-point Calculation Methods:

• IEC - point on curve where 10%
increase in voltage results in a 50%
increase in current
• ANSI 45 - point on curve where
tangent line to the curve forms a
45° angle
• ANSI 30 - like ANSI 45 but forming
a 30° angle

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 Demagnetization
• DC currents or unsymmetrical AC currents can
cause residual induction in the CT cores which
can result in high ratio error

• Eliminate residual induction by demagnetizing

the CT after all tests with DC currents (e.g.
winding resistance test)

• Be sure to demagnetize the CT before ratio

measurement

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Demagnetization...
• The sweeping up and down action of the CT
excitation test will automatically demagnetize
the CT

• Press ‘DEMAG’ to perform demagnetization

without recording an excitation curve

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 CT Winding Resistance
• Measure Resistance of
CT secondary winding
• Inject DC current from
6A output to CT
secondary winding
• Measure DC current
(IDC input) and DC
voltage (VDC input)
IDC Input
6A Output
VDC Input and calculate winding
resistance
• Dissipate (discharge)
energy stored in the
winding after test

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CT Winding Resistance

Test Settings: Itest

Test Results

* Inductance of a Winding needs time to be

saturated. An algorithm is used to
determine when the winding is saturated Rmin = 0.2mV / Itest
and the resistance measurement can be Rmax = 10V / Itest
made. Resistance is measured every
‘Interval’ and compared to the previous
(calculated - display only)
reading. Final measurement is made if
deviation is zero.

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 CT Winding Resistance...
IDC: actual test current from 6A
output
VDC: voltage that IDC generates
measured at VDC Input
Rmeas: winding resistance
measured from VDC/IDC
Interval: time between measurement
Time: total elapsed test time
Dev: deviation of actual resistance
Rmeas from the value one Interval
seconds ago. When Dev=0, the
winding is charged and resistance
value is stable.
Temperature Compensation for Cu: Press to
Tmeas: ambient temperature Start Test
Tref: operating temperature of CT secondary winding
Rref = (VDC/IDC) x (1 + 3.92 x 10-3 x (Tref - Tmeas))
where 3.92 x 10-3 = temp coefficient for Cu at 20°C

© OMICRON August 2004 Page: 13

CT Winding Resistance...
• After the test is completed, the software will display a
warning message : ‘Switch off in Progress’

• During this time, the energy of the winding is being

discharged via the 6A DC output to ground; extremely
high voltage can be generated if cable is disconnected
during the discharge period

• NEVER connect or disconnect test object and/or cables

when this message is displayed

• Wait for the message to disappear and additionally short-

out the test object before disconnecting it from the
CPC100 (especially if the winding has a big inductance)

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 Voltage Withstand
• Measure the Voltage
Withstand Capability of
the CT secondary
winding and secondary
wiring
• Inject up to 2kV
between CT’s primary
2kV Output and secondary winding
• Measures the max
current between
primary and secondary
winding during the test
interval

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Voltage Withstand...

Test Settings

Test Results

TEST RESULTS:
VAC: Inject voltage at time
the test turned OFF
IAC: Measured current at
time the test turned OFF
Imax: Max measured Press to
current during the entire Start Test
test cycle

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 Polarity Check

• Check downstream terminal connections for correct polarity

• Inject a special ‘saw-tooth’ signal with different steepness
for rising and falling slopes
• Use a special polarity checker ‘CPOL’ to detect the slope
and assess polarity

© OMICRON August 2004 Page: 17

Polarity Check...

Test Settings

Test Results

TEST SETTINGS:
Range: Select range of all
available outputs
Ampl: Amplitude of polarity check
output signal
Intermittent: Define pulse duty cycle
with Ton and Toff. If not selected, then
the output signal is applied continuously

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 CT RatioV
• Measure CT Ratio with
voltage method
• Applicable where CT
primary terminals are
not accessible (e.g.
bushing CT’s)
• Inject up to 500V to
CT’s secondary
2kV Output V2AC Input terminals
• Measure voltage
amplitude and phase
angle at primary side
• Calculate ratio and
polarity

© OMICRON August 2004 Page: 19

CT RatioV...

Test Settings

Test Results

Vtest: Default is 100V. Cannot

exceed 500V. If the transformer’s
knee-point voltage is exceeded,
the results are not correct due to
saturation of the CT core. If knee-
point is extensively exceeded, the Auto/Man Test
CT can even be damaged. procedures similar
Therefore, the knee-point voltage to CTRatio
should be known or measured
beforehand.

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