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Channel and Energy Modeling for Self-Contained Wireless

Sensor Networks in Oil Reservoirs


Abstract:
The real-time and in-situ monitoring capability in oil reservoirs is highly desired to
increase the current recovery factor of crude oil and natural gas. To this end, the wireless sensor
networks (WSNs) are envisioned to be deployed deep inside oil reservoirs to collect and report
the physical and chemical information in real time. However, none of the existing wireless
communication and networking technologies can support WSNs in oil reservoirs due to the very
challenging environment and the extremely small device size. To address the problem, this paper
proposes a new self-contained micro wireless sensor network framework based on the Magnetic
Induction (MI) technique, which can enable the real-time and in-situ monitoring in oil reservoirs.
Rigorous analytical models are developed to characterize the oil reservoir channel for both MI
communication and energy transfer, which confirm the feasibility of the proposed self-contained
sensor network framework. To enhance the system efficiency and reliability, high-permeability
prop pants are injected in the hydraulic fracture to increase mutual induction; while the tri-
directional MI coil antenna is designed to achieve omnidirectional coverage. The theoretical
models and numerical results are validated by the widely used finite element simulation software
COMSOL Metaphysics.
Existing System Proposed System
In existing system, human resource is used In proposed system, we can design a new
to monitor the oil reservoirs. There is no system to monitor the oil reservoirs
system is available to monitor the oil reservoirs automatically and transmit that monitored
automatically. information using Zigbee technology.
Advantages
Drawbacks
 Low cost
 There is no wireless system for data
 High flexibility
transfer.
 Easy method to monitor the oil
 High cost and more time consumption.
reservoirs.
 Easy to maintain data.
Working principle:

In proposed system, oil reservoirs are automatically monitored by Flow sensor,


temperature sensor, and viscosity sensor. These three sensors are interfaced with microcontroller.
These three sensors are used to monitor the temperature, flow and viscosity of the oil. in addition
with this acoustic sensor is connected to the microcontroller. Acoustic sensor is used to detect
leakage in pipeline. The measured values are transmitted to the monitoring section using Zigbee.
In monitoring section the received values are stored in PC using .net process. The LCD is used to
display the current process of this system.
Block diagram:

sensor
Section

Power
supply 2.4GHZ

Flow sensor

PIC
Temperature
MICRO
sensor
CONTROLLER
Acoustic
sensor
LCD
Viscosity
sensor
Control section:

2.4GHZ

PC

With .Net

Hardware Requirements:
 PIC Microcontroller and power supply
 Temperature sensor
 Flow sensor
 Viscosity sensor
 Acoustic sensor
 Zigbee
 LCD

Software Requirements:

 Embedded C
 MPLAB
 .net

Application:

 It is used for industrial applications


 It’s applicable to use at government sector.

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