Project Report

Wireless Power Transmission

using IC 555 Timer & MOSFET.

Power Electronics-
TY Btech, Electrical.
Aditya Mankar-161040052 I
I Niranjan53
Rohit Rathod-161030054
Devdatta Batte-161030055
Developed and demonstrated first by Nikola Tesla in year 1980, the wireless
transmission has been increasing the value of technology. The project give
below is a simple prototype of wireless transmission using NE 555 timer and
MOSFET.

Circuit Diagram:

Transmitter Circuit

Components:

NE555 Timer, Capacitors- 3nF and 47nF, Inductor Coils ( Enamelled Cu wire
coil.), Resistors – 10k, 1k, 500, 10 ohms, LED, BC547 & BC557 transistors,
IRF520 MOSFET.
Theory:
1. NE555 Timer
In astable mode, the 555 timer puts out a continuous stream of rectangular
pulses having a specified frequency. Resistor R1 is connected between VCC and
the discharge pin (pin 7) and another resistor (R2) is connected between the
discharge pin (pin 7), and the trigger (pin 2) and threshold (pin 6) pins that
share a common node. Hence the capacitor is charged through R1 and R2, and
discharged only through R2, since pin 7 has low impedance to ground during
output low intervals of the cycle, therefore discharging the capacitor.
In the astable mode, the frequency of the pulse stream depends on the values
of R1, R2 and C:

2. BC 547, BC 557 transistors.

BC557 is a PNP transistor hence the collector and emitter will be closed
(Forward biased) when the base pin is held at ground and will be opened
(Reverse biased) when a signal is provided to base pin. This is where a PNP
transistor differs from a NPN transistor, a Logic state (blue colour) is used to
toggle between Ground and Signal Voltage (Emitter-Base Voltage VBE) as
shown. BC557 has a gain value of 110 to 800, this value determines the
amplification capacity of the transistor. The maximum amount of current that
could flow through the Collector pin is 100mA, hence we cannot connect loads
that consume more than 100mA using this transistor. To bias a transistor we
have to supply current to base pin, this current (IB) should be limited to 5mA.
BC547 is a NPN transistor hence the collector and emitter will be left open
(Reverse biased) when the base pin is held at ground and will be closed
(Forward biased) when a signal is provided to base pin. BC547 has a gain value
of 110 to 800, this value determines the amplification capacity of the
transistor. The maximum amount of current that could flow through the
Collector pin is 100mA, hence we cannot connect loads that consume more
than 100mA using this transistor. To bias a transistor we have to supply current
to base pin, this current (IB) should be limited to 5mA.

3. IRF520 MOSFET
General Charactiristics IRF520 MOSFET transistor

Type: n-channel
Drain-to-Source Breakdown Voltage: 100 V
Gate-to-Source Voltage, max: ±20 V
Drain-Source On-State Resistance, max: 0.270 Ohm
Continuous Drain Current: 9.2 A
Total Gate Charge: 16 nC
Power Dissipation: 60 W
Package: TO-220AB

Working:

There are two main parts or circuits in this, the first one – transmitter and
second one- receiver circuit. The heart of the transmitter circuit is the IC 555
timer which is connected in Astable Multivibrator mode, which produces a
higher frequency of 30 kHz. Its output is connected to 2 general purpose
transistors BC547 & BC557, which is used to drive the MOSFET IRF520. The
MOSFET is used to switch the LC tune circuit, which further transmits
oscillating magnetic field.
The receiver ciruit is very simple, it consists only of an inductor coil and a LED,
this works only for small voltages, as the voltage level increases more
components are used to stabilize the voltage.

Conclusion :
Thus power can be transferred wirelessly, with adding obstruction in between
the coils. This also has loss of power depending upon the distance of the coils
and its no. of turns, more the no. of turns more power will be transmitted
similarly, if the distance is less power transmitted will be more.

Applications:
Wireless Mobile Chargers,
Wireless Chargers for Electric Vehicles.
Advantages:
No moving parts,
Water and Weather Proof,
Easy to analyse fault if any,
Reduces cost of wire, or distribution and transmission for long distances.
Disadvantages:
Circuit becomes complicated as extra components are used,
Overall circuit cost increases,
Power lost during wireless transmission is more than normal wired
transmission.