Pangasinan State University

Bayambang Campus
A.Y. 2018-2019
2nd Semester

Types of
Speeches
According to
Delivery
Submitted by:
Roy Vincent Maniflor
Jesus Gajardo
Mary Ann Doldol
John Darryl Malicdem
BSE SST 1-1

Sumbitted to:
Ms. Anna Katrina Quinto
 Pangasinan State University
Bayambang Campus
A.Y. 2018-2019
2nd Semester

Types of Speeches According to Delivery

Learning Objectives:
 To be able to know the definition and differences of each speeches that falls under the
category of delivered speech.
 To identify the advantages as well as the disadvantages of each speeches.
 To learn, practice and apply some techniques which can help an individual to deliver his/
her speech effectively.

In some instances, the effectiveness of the message lies in the way the message was
conveyed or delivered. A poor or ineffective delivery of the information negates the beauty and
importance of the message by simply taking away the understanding on the part of the audience,
and making-up for the lost is hard especially with a limited time. That is why a speech should be
treated as a one-time opportunity in informing the audience, and it should be done and be executed
properly and meticulously.

When delivering a speech, we should keep in mind that speaking has more formality than
talking, but has less formality than reading. In speaking, small movements, vocal elements, eye
contact and the way of speaking greatly affects the beauty and effectiveness of the speech.

There are four types of speeches according to the mode of delivery that can help you
balance between too much and too little formality when giving a public speech. These are
impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript (or read) and memorized.

I. Impromptu Speech
For instance, while attending your best friend’s 18th birthday the guests begin
chanting your name followed by the words “speech, speech, speech!” Since you are
frightened at the possibility that they will not stop yelling at you and because you
are the best friend of the celebrator, you reluctantly get on stage and begin
chattering. You might talk about your friendship, your bonding moments together,
your crushes and the like. Pat yourself on the back because you just performed an
advanced impromptu speech. An impromptu speech is a speech that has no earlier
planning or practice.
Flectcher and Crochieve’s (2001) tips for an effective Impromptu Delivery

1. Step up to speak with confidence.

2. Maintain contact with your audience.
3. Avoid saying ah, so, you know, well, okay.
4. Stop at the end of an idea; do not hook sentences together with fillers, like and, and uh,
and so on.
5. Maintain good posture, never lean on the lectern nor cross your legs.
6. Speak loud enough to be heard easily.
7. Gesture effectively.
8. Appear to enjoy speaking.
9. Appear confident and relaxed.
10. Speak with enthusiasm.
11. Hide your goofs or blunders.
12. Sit down when you are done.

Advantages of Impromptu Speech

1. It gives you an opportunity to present your ideas, make appeals, or disseminate information
at a time most needed by the listeners, which may have some value or impact.
2. It also provides you with a chance to improve your image in the mind of the audience.
3. It allows for spontaneity, which requires minimal planning and practice.

Disadvantages of Impromptu Speech

1. It often results in poor performances, it is very likely that you are going to ramble, wander
and waste not only your time but also that of the audience.
2. It makes you nervous; although you realize the situation may not come up often, you are
still worried about you not being able to do a good job.
3. It discourages audience adaptation.
4. It discourages planned research.
5. It has uncertain outcomes.

II. Extemporaneous Speech

It is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a

conversational manner using brief notes. By using notes rather than a full manuscript, you
as a speaker can establish and maintain eye contact with the audience and assess how well
they understand your speech as it progresses. The opportunity to asses is also an
 opportunity to assess is also an opportunity for you to restate more clearly any idea or
concept that the audience seems to have trouble grasping.

Possible occasions for the delivery of an extemporaneous speech.

1. Campaigns
2. Fund-raising activities
3. Seminar lectures
4. Reports to government agencies
5. Talks about a trip, a study, or an event
6. State of the nation address (SONAs)
7. Class reports
8. Sales
9. Briefings

Tips to boost self-confidence and successfully go through the delivery of your

extemporaneous speech (Lull & Coopman, 2012)

1. Starting your speech

a. Move to the front
b. Assume a relaxed but upright position.
c. Plant your feet apart, a bit less than your shoulder width, and allow your arms to hang
loosely by your side.
d. Look at your side and smile.
2. Gestures
a. Feel free to use your hands to gestures, but do not plan all your gestures ahead of time.
Gestures should flow natural from your feeling.
b. Do your best to avoid nervous mannerism, such as twisting you hair, wringing your
hands, shifting your weight from one foot to the other, or tapping your fingers on the
lectern.
3. Eye contact
a. Look at the left, right, and center of the room.
b. Eye contact with the audience does not mean to speak excessively to one or two
sympathetic individuals.
4. Voice
a. Try to use your voice as expressively as you would in normal conversation.
b. Make a conscious effort to speak up, slow down, and project clearly.
 c. Concentrate on projecting your voice to the back of the room and fight against racing
through your speech.

Advantages of Extemporaneous Speech (Lull & Coopman, 2012)

1. It gives more precise control over thought and language.

2. It offers greater spontaneity and directness.
3. It is adaptable to wide range of situations.
4. It also encourages the conversational quality audience look for in speech delivery.
5. It appears effortless.
6. It invites bodily movements, gestures, and rapid nonverbal response.

Disadvantages of Extemporaneous Speech (Lull & Coopman, 2012)

1. Too much preparation is involved.

2. It is a potential for miscommunication because of unpredictable spontaneous word
choices.

III. Manuscript (or read) Speech

Following situations call for this kind of speech

1. Ceremonial speeches, such as eulogies, tributes, and awards

2. Political speeches
3. Radio and TV speeches
4. Presentation of a policy

Advantages of Manuscript speech (Lull & Coopman, 2012)

1. Generally, the complete manuscript prevents slip of the tongue, poor wording and
distortion of ideas.
2. It often boosts your confidence as presenter because you are assured of the security of
a manuscript.

Disadvantages of Manuscript Speech

Disadvantages usually outweigh the advantages, however, since while using a manuscript
might make you, the speaker, feel more confident, your delivery often suffers. Among the
problems you encounter when resorting to a read or manuscript speech are the following (Lull &
Coopman, 2012):

1. Manuscripts frequently reduce eye contact because you are more focused on the
reading rather than observing the audience.
2. It hinders audience adaptation. As you read, usually fail to watch the audience; this
make it quite difficult for you to observe audience feedback, so you fail to give them
the required suitable response.
3. Reading limits your use of gestures to emphasize or illustrate points.
4. Vocal variety may also be lacking because you read the bulk of your presentation.
5. The pacing of the presentation may become too rapid or too slow, and instead of
sounding conversational, your speech may sound like an easy being read.
6. To minimize the problems of a manuscript delivery, take note of these tips and follow
them.
a. Write the speech word-for-word in an oral style, using short sentences and
fragments and incorporating strategies, such as personalized language and
rhetorical questions that help you connect with the audience and avoid very
formal, unnatural language.
b. Rehearse by reading each sentence aloud several times, absorbing the meaning
of each phrase to allow you to use the much-needed appropriate nonverbal
language.
c. Read the entire manuscript aloud and decide which ideas need emphasis
(highlight or underlined them) and where you want to pause (use slash) to
achieve this emphasis.
d. Read the manuscript again, emphasizing words, pausing, and looking up as
much as possible for audience feedback. Go back and change any wording that
does not sound like you are actually speaking.

IV. Memorized Speech

It is a speech that you as speaker needs to deliver by rote. Memorization can be

useful when the message has to be exact to avoid any misunderstanding, and when the speaker
does not want to be confined by notes.

This type of speech is utilized in situations like the following

1. Oratorical competitions
2. Presentation of high-level awards
3. Welcoming very important dignitaries
 4. Political speeches
5. Banquet speeches

Advantages of Memorized Speech (Lull& Coopman, 2012)

1. It permit maximum use of your delivery skills, every variation in the voice can be
mastered, every oral paragraph stated in correct cadence, and every word correctly
pronounced at the right volume.
2. You can have continuous eye contact
3. Bodily movements and gestures are free.
4. While the memorized method does not eliminate your trying to recall or search for the
next word, you are simply searching your memory instead of notes or manuscripts.

Disadvantages of Memorized Speech (Lull& Coopman, 2012)

1. It permits little or no adaptation during delivery. You are likely to focus more on the
internalized (or memorized) manuscript than on the listeners. If the audience appears to
have missed a point, you have difficulty in explaining the point in greater detail.
2. Recovery is more difficult if you make a mistake. If you forgot a line, you have to
search for the exact place where you dropped your line.
3. For beginning speakers, the presentation sounds memorized, the wording is too smooth
, the pacing too contrived and the presentation is too much of a performance instead of a
communicative experience.
4. It takes substantial time to prepare and memorize

Like any of the other speech types discussed based on the mode of delivery, there also
remedies or tips that you can bear in mind for an effective memorized delivery.

1. Write your talk on its entirety, again using oral style. You can aid your memory
by using vivid, easy-to-recall language, such as alliterated main points or parallel wording.
2. Commit your speech to memory line by line first, and then chunk by chunk. As you
rehearse a line, think about its meaning to help you learn it by rote and remember it more
easily.
3. Practice speaking conversationally as if you are talking to each audience member
individually every time you repeat what you memorize.

4. Finally, take note cards with key terms to the podium in case you find yourself
forgetting.