ASCE705Wind (High Building)

"ASCE705W" --- ASCE 7-05 CODE WIND ANALYSIS PROGRAM
Program Description:
"ASCE705W" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of wind loading analysis for buildings
and structures per the ASCE 7-05 Code. Specifically, wind pressure coefficients and related and required
parameters are selected or calculated in order to compute the net design wind pressures.
This program is a workbook consisting of nine (9) worksheets, described as follows:
Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
Simplified Analysis using simplified method for low-rise buildings with h <= 60’
MWFRS (Low-Rise) Main Wind-Force Resisting System for low-rise buildings with h <= 60’
MWFRS (Any Ht.) Main Wind-Force Resisting System for buildings of any height
Wall C&C Analysis of wall Components and Cladding
Roof C&C Analysis of roof Components and Cladding
Stacks & Tanks Analysis of cantilevered chimneys, stacks, and vertical tanks
Open Structures (no roof) Analysis of open structures without roofs
Wind Map Basic wind speed map (Figure 6-1 of ASCE 7-05 Code)
Program Assumptions and Limitations:
1. Worksheet for "Simplified" analysis is applicable for low-rise buildings meeting the criteria of Section 6.4.1.
2. In the worksheet for Simplified analysis, the design MWFRS wind load is calculated for each direction.
The design MWFRS load is assumed to be the total wind load on either the width or the length of the
building respectively.
3. Worksheet for "MWFRS (Low-Rise)" is applicable for low-rise buildings as defined in Section 6.2.
4. Worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Wall C&C", and "Roof C&C" are applicable for buildings with mean roof
heights of up to 500 feet.
5. In worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Wall C&C", and "Roof C&C" the user may opt to utilize user designated
steps in height, 'z', in determining the wind pressure distribution.
6. Worksheets for "MWFRS (Any Ht.)", "Stacks & Tanks", and "Open Structures" can handle “rigid” as well as
“flexible” buildings and structures. For “rigid” buildings or structures, this program uses the smaller value of
either 0.85 or the calculated value from Section 6.5.8.1 of the Code for the gust effect factor, 'G'. For “flexible”
buildings or structures, this program calculates the gust effect factor, ‘Gf’, per Section 6.5.8.2 of the Code
based on the assumed formula for the fundamental period of vibration from Section 12.8.2.1 of the Code,
where the exponent 'x' in the formula T = Ct*h^x is assumed to be 0.75.
7. Worksheets for "Wall C&C" and "Roof C&C" are applicable for flat roof buildings, gable roof buildings with
roof angles <= 45 degrees, and monoslope roof buildings with roof angles <= 3 degrees.
8. Worksheet for "Stacks & Tanks" is applicable for cantilevered structures up to 600 feet tall.
9. Worksheet for "Open Structures" is applicable for open structures without roofs up to 500 feet
tall. This can be utilized for open process-type structures as well as pipe/utility racks and bridges.
10. This program uses the equations listed in the reference, “Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of
ASCE 7-02” for determining the external wind pressure coefficients, ‘GCp’, used in the Wall C&C and Roof
C&C worksheets. (Note: a version of this document applicable to the ASCE 7-05 Code was not available.)
11. This program contains numerous “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box”
is denoted by a “red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)
"ASCE705W.xls" Program
Version 1.0
WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - MWFRS and Components/Cladding

Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Low-Rise, Enclosed Buildings with h <= 60' and Roof q <= 45o
Using Method 1: Simplified Procedure (Section 6.4)
Job Name: Subject: ###
Job Number: Originator: Checker: ###
###
Input Data: ###
Wind Speed, V = 90 mph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1) ###
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1 Occupancy Category) ###
Exposure Category = B (Sect. 6.5.6) ###
Ridge Height, hr = 19.00 ft. (hr >= he) L ###
Eave Height, he = 15.00 ft. (he <= hr) ###
Building Width, W = 41.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) ###
Building Length, L = 61.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) ###
Roof Type = Monoslope (Gable or Monoslope) W I
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4) Plan II
Wall C&C Name = Wall (Girt, Siding, Wall, or Fastener) III
Wall C&C Eff. Area = 75.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding) IV
Roof C&C Name = Joist (Purlin, Joist, Decking, or Fastener) B
Roof C&C Eff. Area = 205.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding) q o C
Overhang Eff. Area = 0.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding) hr D
h<=60'
he Gable
Resulting Parameters and Net Design Pressures: Monoslope
For Transverse Direction: (wind perpendicular to ridge) W Purlin
Roof Angle, q = 5.57 deg. Elevation Joist
Mean Roof Ht., h = 15.00 ft. (h = he for q < 10 deg.) Decking
Adjustment Factor, l = 1.000 (adjusts for height and exposure) Fastener
Importance Factor, I = 1.00 (Table 6-1) Girt
Wall & Roof End Zone Width, a = 4.100 ft. (use: "2*a" for MWFRS, "a" for C&C) Siding
Wall
Transverse MWFRS Net Pressures, ps (psf) ps = l*Kzt*I*ps30 Fastener
Location Direction Zone Load Case 1 Load Case 2 (ps30 from Fig. 6-2) ###
A = end zone of wall Horizontal A 12.99 --- ###
B = end zone of roof Horizontal B 0.00 --- ###
C = interior zone of wall Horizontal C 8.63 --- ###
D = interior zone of roof Horizontal D 0.00 --- ###
E = end zone of windward roof Vertical E -15.40 --- ###
F = end zone of leeward roof Vertical F -8.87 --- ###
G = interior zone of windward roof Vertical G -10.70 --- ###
H = interior zone of leeward roof Vertical H -6.85 --- ###
###
For Longitudinal Direction: (wind parallel to ridge) ###
Roof Angle, q = 0.00 deg. (assumed) ###
Mean Roof Ht., h = 17.00 ft. (h = (hr+he)/2) ###
Adjustment Factor, l = 1.000 (adjusts for height and exposure) ###
###
Longitudinal MWFRS Net Pressures, ps (psf) ps = l*Kzt*I*ps30 ###
Location Direction Zone Load Case 1 Load Case 2 (ps30 from Fig. 6-2) ###
A = end zone of wall Horizontal A 12.80 --- ###
B = end zone of roof Horizontal B 0.00 --- ###
C = interior zone of wall Horizontal C 8.50 --- ###
D = interior zone of roof Horizontal D 0.00 --- ###
E = end zone of windward roof Vertical E -15.40 --- ###
F = end zone of leeward roof Vertical F -8.80 --- ###
G = interior zone of windward roof Vertical G -10.70 --- ###
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H = interior zone of leeward roof Vertical H -6.80 --- ###

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Total Design MWFRS Horizontal Load (kips) ###
Transverse Longitudinal ###
Load Case 1 Load Case 2 Min. Load Load Case 1 Load Case 2 Min. Load ###
8.97 --- 11.59 7.12 --- 6.97 ###
Formulas: ###
Ph(Trans) = ((Pc*(L-4*a)+Pa*4*a)*he+(Pd*(L-4*a)+Pb*4*a)*(hr-he))/1000 ###
Ph(Trans)(min) = P(min)*L*hr/1000 , where: P(min) = 10.0 psf on projected area ###
Ph(Long) = (Pa*(hr+he)/2*4*a+Pc*((hr+he)/2*W-(hr+he)/2*4*a))/1000 ###
Ph(Long)(min) = P(min)*W*(hr+he)/2/1000 , where: P(min) = 10.0 psf on full area ###
###
Components & Cladding Net Pressures, ps (psf) pnet = l*Kzt*I*pnet30###
Item Location Zone Pos. (+) Neg. (-) (pnet30 from Fig. 6-3)###
Wall 4 = interior zone of wall 4 12.70 -13.95 ###
5 = end zone of wall 5 12.70 -15.80 ###
1 = interior zone of roof 1 4.70 -13.30 ###
Roof Joist 2 = end zone of roof 2 4.70 -15.80 ###
3 = corner zone of roof 3 4.70 -15.80 ###
Roof Overhang 2 = end zone of o.h. 2 --- --- ###
3 = corner zone of o.h. 3 --- --- ###
###
Notes: 1. For Method 1: Simplified Procedure of Section 6.4 to be used for an enclosed low-rise building ###
to determine the design wind loads, all of the following eight conditions of 6.4.1.1 must be met: ###
a. Building is a simple diaphragm building, in which wind loads are transmitted through floor ###
and roof diaphragms to the vertical Main Wind-Force Resisting System (MWFRS). ###
b. Building is a low-rise building where mean roof height, h <= 60 ft., and h <= min. of L or W. ###
c. Building is enclosed and conforms to wind-borne debris provisions of Section 6.5.9.3. ###
d. Building is a regular shaped building, having no unusual geometrical irregularity. ###
e. Building is not classified as a flexible building so it is considered "rigid". ###
f. Building is not subject to across-wind loading, vortex shedding, etc. ###
g. Building has an approximately symmetrical cross section in each direction with either a ###
flat roof, or gable roof with q <= 45 degrees. ###
h. Building is exempted from torsional load cases or torsional load cases do not control any ###
of the MWFRSs of the building. ###
2. Wind pressures (ps30) in Figure 6-2 and (pnet30) in Figure 6-3 were prepared based on following: ###
a. Mean roof height, h = 30 ft. , Exposure category = B , Importance factor, I =1.0 ###
b. Velocity pressure exposure coefficient, Kz = 0.70 ###
c. Directionality factor, Kd = 0.85 , Topographic factor, Kzt = 1.0 ###
d. Internal pressure coefficients, GCpi = +0.18, -0.18 (enclosed building) ###
e. MWFRS pressure coeff's. from Figure 6-10, and C&C pressure coeff's. from Figure 6-11. ###
f. MWFRS design wind pressure, Ps = l*Kzt*I*ps30, in psf. ###
g. Components & cladding design wind pressure, P net = l*Kzt*I*pnet30, in psf. ###
3. Design wind pressures are net pressures (sum of external and internal pressures). ###
4. Wall net pressure for MWFRS is total for both windward and leeward walls. ###
5. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces. ###
6. If pressures for Zones "B" and "D" < 0, assume = 0. ###
7. For the design of the longitudinal MWFRS use roof angle, q = 0 degrees. ###
8. Both load cases 1 and 2 are be checked for roof angle, 25 degrees < q <= 45 degrees. ###
9. The total design MWFRS horizontal load is the total horizontal wind load on either the length (L) ###
or the width (W) of the building respectively assuming one end zone of a width = 2*a. ###
10. Minimum wind load for MWFRS design shall be 10 psf applied to area on projected vertical plane. ###
Minimum wind load for C&C shall be 10 psf acting in either direction normal to surface. ###
11. References: ###
a. ASCE 7-05 Standard, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures". ###
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02" ###
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004). ###
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MWFRS - Wind Zones ###
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Main Wind Force Resisting System - M

Figure 6-2
Enclosed Buildings
Simplified Design Wind Pressure, ps30 (psf) (Exposure B
Basic Wind
Speed, V
Index
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Components and Cladding - Wind Zones ###
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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Main Wind-Force Resisting System
Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Enclosed or Partially Enclosed Buildings
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Low-Rise Buildings
Job Name: Subject:
Job Number: Originator: Checker:
Input Data:
Wind Speed, V = 120 Kph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)

Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1 Occupancy Cat.) Wind
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) B
Ridge Height, hr = 12.38 m. (hr >= he)
Eave Height, he = 9.00 m. (he <= hr)
Building Width = 45.00 m. (Normal to Building Ridge)
Building Length = 120.00 m. (Parallel to Building Ridge)
L
Roof Type = Gable (Gable or Monoslope)
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4) Plan
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-4)
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Figure 6-5)
Bay = 7.5 m. qo
hr
h<=60'
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: he
Roof Angle, q = 8.53 deg. L

Mean Roof Ht., h = 9.00 m. (h = he, for angle <=10 deg.) Elevation
Check Criteria for a Low-Rise Building:

1. Is h <= 60' (18.288m)? Yes, O.K. 2. Is h <= Lesser of L or B? Yes, O.K.
External Pressure Coeff's., GCpf (Fig. 6-10):

W-Force(KN/m)
(For values, see following wind load tabulations.)
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Figure 6-5): -2.168 -2.168
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (positive internal pressure)
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (negative internal pressure) -1.148 Interior R. F. -1.148
If h < 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b) Wend(-)

If h >= 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b)
a= 9.50 (Table 6-2)
zg = 274 (Table 6-2)
Kh = 0.98 (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)

qh = 0.57 KN/m2 qh = 0.613*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h) (With SI)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2.2):
p = qh*[(GCpf) - (+/-GCpi)] (psf, Eq. 6-18)
Wall and Roof End Zone Widths 'a' and '2*a' (Fig. 6-10):
a= 3.60 m.
2*a = 7.20 m.
MWFRS Wind Load for Transverse Direction MWFRS Wind Load for Longitudinal Direction
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressures (KN/m2) Surface *GCpf p = Net Pressures (KN/m2)
(w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Zone 1 0.431 0.142 0.346 Zone 1 0.400 0.125 0.329
Zone 2 -0.690 -0.493 -0.289 Zone 2 -0.690 -0.493 -0.289
Zone 3 -0.396 -0.326 -0.122 Zone 3 -0.370 -0.312 -0.108
Zone 4 -0.323 -0.285 -0.081 Zone 4 -0.290 -0.266 -0.062
Zone 5 -0.450 -0.357 -0.153 Zone 5 -0.450 -0.357 -0.153
Zone 6 -0.450 -0.357 -0.153 Zone 6 -0.450 -0.357 -0.153
Zone 1E 0.655 0.269 0.473 Zone 1E 0.610 0.244 0.448
Zone 2E -1.070 -0.708 -0.504 Zone 2E -1.070 -0.708 -0.504
Zone 3E -0.568 -0.424 -0.220 Zone 3E -0.530 -0.402 -0.198
Zone 4E -0.479 -0.374 -0.170 Zone 4E -0.430 -0.346 -0.142
*Note: Use roof angle q = 0 degrees for Longitudinal Direction.

For Trans. when GCpf is neg. in Zones 2/2E: For Long. when GCpf is neg. in Zones 2/2E:
Zones 2/2E dist. = 22.50 m. Zones 2/2E dist. = 22.50 m.
Remainder of roof Zones 2/2E extending to ridge line shall use roof Zones 3/3E pressure coefficients.
MWFRS Wind Load for Transverse, Torsional Case MWFRS Wind Load for Long., Torsional Case
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf) Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf)
Zone 1T --- 0.04 0.09 Zone 1T --- 0.03 0.08
Zone 2T --- -0.12 -0.07 Zone 2T --- -0.12 -0.07
Zone 3T --- -0.08 -0.03 Zone 3T --- -0.08 -0.03
Zone 4T --- -0.07 -0.02 Zone 4T --- -0.07 -0.02
Notes: 1. For Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Cases:

Zone 1 is windward wall for interior zone. Zone 1E is windward wall for end zone.
Zone 2 is windward roof for interior zone. Zone 2E is windward roof for end zone.
Zone 3 is leeward roof for interior zone. Zone 3E is leeward roof for end zone.
Zone 4 is leeward wall for interior zone. Zone 4E is leeward wall for end zone.
Zones 5 and 6 are sidewalls.
Zone 1T is windward wall for torsional case Zone 2T is windward roof for torsional case.
Zone 3T is leeward roof for torsional case Zone 4T is leeward wall for torsional case.
2. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
3. Building must be designed for all wind directions using the 8 load cases shown below. The
load cases are applied to each building corner in turn as the reference corner.
4. Wind loads for torsional cases are 25% of respective transverse or longitudinal zone load values.
Torsional loading shall apply to all 8 basic load cases applied at each reference corner.
Exception: One-story buildings with "h" <= 30', buildings <= 2 stories framed with light frame
construction, and buildings <=2 stories designed with flexible diaphragms need not be
designed for torsional load cases.
5. Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 10 psf.
6. References : a. ASCE 7-02, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-02"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and James M. Delahay (2004).
Low-Rise
Buildings
h <= 60'
Version 1.0
DL DL LLM
A1 A2 -0.750 A1 A2 UGY -0.75
B1 B2 -0.750 B1 B2 UGY -0.75 MB1 MB2 -22.500
C1 C2 -0.750 C1 C2 UGY -0.75 -30.000
D1 D2 -0.750 D1 D2 UGY -0.75 -18.750
MB1 MB2 -24.000 MB1 MB2 MB3 MB4 MB5 MB6 UG -37.500
-24.000
-0.750
LL LL
B1 B2 -2.250 B1 B2 UGY -2.25
C1 C2 -2.250 C1 C2 UGY -2.25
-2.250
-2.250
-2.250
WLB WLB
A1 A2 -1.065 A1 A2 ULY -1.065
B1 B2 3.698 B1 B2 ULY 3.698
C1 C2 2.448 C1 C2 ULY 2.448
D1 D2 2.138 D1 D2 ULY 2.138
5.824
4.463
WLU WLU
A1 A2 -2.596 A1 A2 ULY -2.596
B1 B2 2.168 B1 B2 ULY 2.168
C1 C2 0.918 C1 C2 ULY 0.918
D1 D2 0.608 D1 D2 ULY 0.608
4.463
5.824
WRB WRB
A1 A2 2.138 A1 A2 ULY 2.138
B1 B2 2.448 B1 B2 ULY 2.448
C1 C2 3.698 C1 C2 ULY 3.698
D1 D2 -1.065 D1 D2 ULY -1.065
4.463
5.824
WRU WRU
A1 A2 0.608 A1 A2 ULY 0.608
B1 B2 0.918 B1 B2 ULY 0.918
C1 C2 2.168 C1 C2 ULY 2.168
D1 D2 -2.596 D1 D2 ULY -2.596
5.824
4.463
WEB WEB
A1 A2 2.678 A1 A2 ULY 2.678
B1 B2 3.698 B1 B2 ULY 3.698
C1 C2 3.698 C1 C2 ULY 3.698
D1 D2 2.678 D1 D2 ULY 2.678
5.824
5.824
WEU WEU
A1 A2 1.148 A1 A2 ULY 1.148
B1 B2 2.168 B1 B2 ULY 2.168
C1 C2 2.168 C1 C2 ULY 2.168
D1 D2 1.148 D1 D2 ULY 1.148
4.463
4.463
LLM
MB1 MB2 MB3 MB4 MB5 MB6 UGY -22.5
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Buildings of Any Height
Job Name: Subject:
Input Data:
Wind Direction = Normal (Normal or Parallel to building ridge)

Wind Speed, V = 180 km/h (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1 Occupancy Cat.)
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6)
Roof Type = Gable (Gable or Monoslope)
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4)
Damping Ratio, b = 0.030 (Suggested Range = 0.010-0.070)
Period Coef., Ct = 0.0275 (Suggested Range = 0.020-0.035)
(Assume: T = Ct*h^(3/4) , and f = 1/T)
Bay spacing 8.83 m
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients:
Roof Angle, q = 0.00 deg.

Mean Roof Ht., h = 120.90 ft. (h = he, for roof angle <=10 deg.) L = 83.7923982 ft.
Windward Wall Cp = 0.80 (Fig. 6-6) B = 162.729168 ft.
Leeward Wall Cp = -0.50 (Fig. 6-6)
Side Walls Cp = -0.70 (Fig. 6-6)
Roof Cp (zone #1) = -1.04 -0.18 (Fig. 6-6) (zone #1 for 0 to h/2)
Roof Cp (zone #2) = -0.70 -0.18 (Fig. 6-6) (zone #2 for h/2 to h)
Roof Cp (zone #3) = N.A. N.A. (Fig. 6-6) (zone #3 for h to 2*h)
Roof Cp (zone #4) = N.A. N.A. (Fig. 6-6) (zone #4 for > 2*h)
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (Figure 6-5) (positive internal pressure)
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (Figure 6-5) (negative internal pressure)
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 2a)
a= 9.50 zg = 900 (Table 6-2)
qh = 1.7168 kN/m2 qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)
Ratio h/L = 1.443 freq., f = 0.997 hz. (f < 1, Flexible structure)
Gust Factor, G = 0.865 (Sect. 6.5.8)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2):
p = qz*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for windward wall (psf), where: qi =qh (Eq. 6-17, Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
p = qh*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for leeward wall, sidewalls, and roof (psf), where: qi = qh (Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
Normal to Ridge Wind Load Tabulation for MWFRS - Buildings of Any Height
Surface z Kz qz Cp p = Net Design Press. (psf)
(ft.) (psf) (w/ +GCpi)
Windward Wall 0 0.85 23.11 0.80 9.53
15.00 0.85 23.11 0.80 9.53
20.00 0.90 24.55 0.80 10.53
25.00 0.95 25.73 0.80 11.34
30.00 0.98 26.74 0.80 12.04
35.00 1.01 27.62 0.80 12.65
40.00 1.04 28.41 0.80 13.20
45.00 1.07 29.12 0.80 13.69
50.00 1.09 29.77 0.80 14.14
55.00 1.12 30.38 0.80 14.56
60.00 1.14 30.94 0.80 14.95
70.00 1.17 31.96 0.80 15.65
80.00 1.21 32.87 0.80 16.28
90.00 1.24 33.70 0.80 16.85
100.00 1.27 34.45 0.80 17.38
120.00 1.32 35.80 0.80 18.31
For z = hr: 120.90 1.32 35.86 0.80 18.35
For z = he: 120.90 1.32 35.86 0.80 18.35

For z = h: 120.90 1.32 35.86 0.80 18.35
Leeward Wall All - - -0.50 -21.96
Side Walls All - - -0.70 -28.16
Roof (zone #1) cond. 1 - - - -1.04 -38.70
Roof (zone #1) cond. 2 - - - -0.18 -12.03
Roof (zone #2) cond. 1 - - - -0.70 -28.16
Roof (zone #2) cond. 2 - - - -0.18 -12.03
Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
4. Roof zone #1 is applied for horizontal distance of 0 to h/2 from windward edge.
5. Roof zone #2 is applied for horizontal distance of h/2 to h from windward edge.
Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G:
Is Building Flexible? Yes f < 1 Hz.
1: Simplified Method for Rigid Building

G= N.A.
Parameters Used in Both Item #2 and Item #3 Calculations (from Table 6-2):
a^ = 0.105
b^ = 1.00
a(bar) = 0.154
b(bar) = 0.65
c= 0.20
l= 500 ft.
e(bar) = 0.200
z(min) = 15 ft.
Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Building Calculations:

z(bar) = 72.54 = 0.6*h , but not < z(min) , ft.
Iz(bar) = 0.175 = c*(33/z(bar))^(1/6) , Eq. 6-5
Lz(bar) = 585.30 = l*(z(bar)/33)^(e(bar)) , Eq. 6-7
gq = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gv = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gr = 4.189 = (2*(LN(3600*f)))^(1/2)+0.577/(2*LN(3600*f))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-9
Q= 0.845 = (1/(1+0.63*((B+h)/Lz(bar))^0.63))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-6
2: Calculation of G for Rigid Building

G= N.A. = 0.925*((1+1.7*gq*Iz(bar)*Q)/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar))) , Eq. 6-4
3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Building

b= 0.030 Damping Ratio
Ct = 0.028 Period Coefficient
T= 1.003 = Ct*h^(3/4) , sec. (Approximate fundamental period)
f= 0.997 = 1/T , Hz. (Natural Frequency)
V(fps) = 164.04 = V(mph)*(88/60) , ft./sec.
V(bar,zbar) = 120.36 = b(bar)*(z(bar)/33)^(a(bar))*V*(88/60) , ft./sec. , Eq. 6-14
N1 = 4.850 = f*Lz(bar)/(V(bar,zbar)) , Eq. 6-12
Rn = 0.052 = 7.47*N1/(1+10.3*N1)^(5/3) , Eq. 6-11
hh = 4.608 = 4.6*f*h/(V(bar,zbar))
Rh = 0.193 = (1/hh)-1/(2*hh^2)*(1-e^(-2*hh)) for hh>0, or = 1 for hh=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b
hb = 6.203 = 4.6*f*B/(V(bar,zbar))
RB = 0.148 = (1/hb)-1/(2*hb^2)*(1-e^(-2*hb)) for hb>0, or = 1 for hb=0,Eq. 6-13a,b
hd = 10.693 = 15.4*f*L/(V(bar,zbar))
RL = 0.089 = (1/hd)-1/(2*hd^2)*(1-e^(-2*hd)) for hd>0, or = 1 for hd=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b
R= 0.168 = ((1/b)*Rn*Rh*RB*(0.53+0.47*RL))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-10
Gf = 0.865 = 0.925*(1+1.7*Iz(bar)*(gq^2*Q^2+gr^2*R^2)^(1/2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) ,
Use: G = 0.865
Figure 6-9 - Design Wind Load Cases of MWFRS for Buildings of All Heights
Case 1: Full design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of
the structure, considered separately along each principal axis.
Case 2: Three quarters of the design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each
principal axis of the structure in conjunction with a torsional moment as shown, considered
separately for each principal axis.
Case 3: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Case 4: Wind pressure as defined in Case 2, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Notes: 1. Design wind pressures for windward (Pw) and leeward (PL) faces shall be determined in
accordance with the provisions of Section 6.5.12.2.1 and 6.5.12.2.3 as applicable for buildings
of all heights.
2. Above diagrams show plan views of building.
3. Notation:
Pwx, Pwy = Windward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
PLx, PLy = Leeward face pressure acting in the X, Y principal axis, respectively.
e (ex, ey) = Eccentricity for the X, Y principal axis of the structure, respectively.
MT = Torsional moment per unit height acting about a vertical axis of the building.
ng System
uildings
of Any Height
83.7923982 ft.
= 162.729168 ft.
le 6-3, Case 2a)
z evaluated at z = h)
< 1, Flexible structure)
Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
f Any Height
p = Net Design Press. (psf) W x Bay = Net Design Load. (kN/m)
(w/ -GCpi) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
22.44 4.03 9.49
22.44 4.03 9.49
23.44 4.45 9.91
24.25 4.80 10.25
24.95 5.09 10.55
25.56 5.35 10.81
26.10 5.58 11.04
26.60 5.79 11.25
27.05 5.98 11.44
27.47 6.16 11.61
27.86 6.32 11.78
28.56 6.62 12.08
29.19 6.88 12.34
29.76 7.13 12.58
30.29 7.35 12.80
31.22 7.74 13.20
31.26 7.76 13.21
31.26 7.76 13.21

31.26 7.76 13.21 NSW
-9.05 -9.28 -3.83 FSW
-15.25 -11.90 -6.45 BOTH EW
-25.79 -16.36 -10.90 EAVE TO H/2
0.87 -5.09 0.37
-15.25 -11.90 -6.45 H/2 TO H
0.87 -5.09 0.37
H TO 2H
OVER 2H
ss than 10 psf. L/B = 0.5149193548

er Structures". H/L = 1.442834769
WLB1 WLU1 WRB1 WRU1 WEB1
NSW 7.76 13.21 -9.28 -3.83 -11.90
ROOF 1 -16.36 -10.90 -16.36
ROOF 2 -11.90 -6.45 -11.90
ROOF 3 -11.90 -6.45
ROOF 4 -16.36 -10.90
FSW -9.28 -3.83 7.76 13.21 -11.90
WLB2 WLU2 WRB WRU WEB

NSW 7.76 13.21 -9.28 -3.83 -11.90
ROOF 1 -5.09 0.37 -5.09
ROOF 2 -5.09 0.37 -5.09
ROOF 3 -5.09 0.37
ROOF 4 -5.09 0.37
FSW -9.28 -3.83 7.76 13.21 -11.90
1/2) , Eq. 6-9
= 1 for hh=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b
= 1 for hb=0,Eq. 6-13a,b
= 1 for hd=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b
2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) ,
Eq. 6-8
principal axis of
endicular to each
, considered
etermined in
able for buildings
WEU1
-6.45
-6.45
-10.90
-6.45
WEU
-6.45
0.37
0.37
-6.45
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Low-Rise Buildings
Job Name: Subject:
Input Data:
Wind Speed, V = 130 Kph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)

Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1 Occupancy Cat.) Wind
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) B
L
Roof Type = Monoslope (Gable or Monoslope)
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4) Plan
Bay = 3.81 m. qo
hr
h<=60'
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: he
Roof Angle, q = 5.71 deg. L

Mean Roof Ht., h = 4.00 m. (h = he, for angle <=10 deg.) Elevation
Check Criteria for a Low-Rise Building:

1. Is h <= 60' (18.288m)? Yes, O.K. 2. Is h <= Lesser of L or B? Yes, O.K.
External Pressure Coeff's., GCpf (Fig. 6-10):

W-Force(KN/m)
(For values, see following wind load tabulations.)
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Figure 6-5): -1.121 -1.121
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (positive internal pressure)
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (negative internal pressure) -0.593 Interior R. F. -0.593
If h < 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b) Wend(-)

If h >= 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b)
a= 9.50 (Table 6-2)
zg = 274 (Table 6-2)

qh = 0.58 KN/m2 qh = 0.613*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h) (With SI)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2.2):
p = qh*[(GCpf) - (+/-GCpi)] (psf, Eq. 6-18)
Wall and Roof End Zone Widths 'a' and '2*a' (Fig. 6-10):
a= 0.91 m.
2*a = 1.83 m.
MWFRS Wind Load for Transverse Direction MWFRS Wind Load for Longitudinal Direction
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressures (KN/m2) Surface *GCpf p = Net Pressures (KN/m2)
Zone 1 0.406 0.130 0.338 Zone 1 0.400 0.127 0.335
Zone 2 -0.690 -0.502 -0.294 Zone 2 -0.690 -0.502 -0.294
Zone 3 -0.375 -0.320 -0.113 Zone 3 -0.370 -0.317 -0.110
Zone 4 -0.297 -0.275 -0.067 Zone 4 -0.290 -0.271 -0.063
Zone 5 -0.450 -0.363 -0.156 Zone 5 -0.450 -0.363 -0.156
Zone 6 -0.450 -0.363 -0.156 Zone 6 -0.450 -0.363 -0.156
Zone 1E 0.619 0.253 0.461 Zone 1E 0.610 0.248 0.456
Zone 2E -1.070 -0.721 -0.513 Zone 2E -1.070 -0.721 -0.513
Zone 3E -0.538 -0.414 -0.206 Zone 3E -0.530 -0.410 -0.202
Zone 4E -0.440 -0.358 -0.150 Zone 4E -0.430 -0.352 -0.144
*Note: Use roof angle q = 0 degrees for Longitudinal Direction.

For Trans. when GCpf is neg. in Zones 2/2E: For Long. when GCpf is neg. in Zones 2/2E:
Zones 2/2E dist. = 2.50 m. Zones 2/2E dist. = 10.00 m.
Remainder of roof Zones 2/2E extending to ridge line shall use roof Zones 3/3E pressure coefficients.
MWFRS Wind Load for Transverse, Torsional Case MWFRS Wind Load for Long., Torsional Case
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf) Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf)
Zone 1T --- 0.03 0.08 Zone 1T --- 0.03 0.08
Zone 2T --- -0.13 -0.07 Zone 2T --- -0.13 -0.07
Zone 3T --- -0.08 -0.03 Zone 3T --- -0.08 -0.03
Zone 4T --- -0.07 -0.02 Zone 4T --- -0.07 -0.02
Notes: 1. For Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Cases:

Zone 1 is windward wall for interior zone. Zone 1E is windward wall for end zone.
Zone 2 is windward roof for interior zone. Zone 2E is windward roof for end zone.
Zone 3 is leeward roof for interior zone. Zone 3E is leeward roof for end zone.
Zone 4 is leeward wall for interior zone. Zone 4E is leeward wall for end zone.
Zones 5 and 6 are sidewalls.
Zone 1T is windward wall for torsional case Zone 2T is windward roof for torsional case.
Zone 3T is leeward roof for torsional case Zone 4T is leeward wall for torsional case.
2. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
3. Building must be designed for all wind directions using the 8 load cases shown below. The
load cases are applied to each building corner in turn as the reference corner.
4. Wind loads for torsional cases are 25% of respective transverse or longitudinal zone load values.
Torsional loading shall apply to all 8 basic load cases applied at each reference corner.
Exception: One-story buildings with "h" <= 30', buildings <= 2 stories framed with light frame
construction, and buildings <=2 stories designed with flexible diaphragms need not be
designed for torsional load cases.
Low-Rise
Buildings
h <= 60'
Version 1.0
DL DL LLM
B0 B1 B2 -0.381 B0 B1 B2 B3 UGY -0.381
C0 C1 C2 -0.381 C0 C1 C2 C3 UGY -0MB1 MB2 -22.860
-0.381 -1.143
-0.381 -1.143
-0.381
-0.381
LL LL
B0 B1 B2 -1.143 B0 B1 B2 B3 UGY -1.143

C0 C1 C2 -1.143 C0 C1 C2 C3 UGY -1.143
-1.143
-1.143
-1.143
WLB WLB
A1 A2 -0.497 A1 A2 ULY -0.497
B2 1.912 B2 ULY 1.912
C2 1.220 C2 ULY 1.22
D1 D2 D3 1.047 D1 D2 D3 ULY 1.047
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 2.307 C1 CN ULY 2.307
WLU WLU
A1 A2 -1.288 A1 A2 ULY -1.288
B2 1.121 B2 ULY 1.121
C2 0.429 C2 ULY 0.429
D1 D2 D3 0.256 D1 D2 D3 ULY 0.256
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 3.011 C1 CN ULY 3.011
WRB WRB
A1 A2 1.047 A1 A2 ULY 1.047
B2 1.220 B2 ULY 1.22
C2 1.912 C2 ULY 1.912
D1 D2 D3 -0.497 D1 D2 D3 ULY -0.497
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 3.011 C1 CN ULY 3.011
WRU WRU
A1 A2 0.256 A1 A2 ULY 0.256
B2 0.429 B2 ULY 0.429
C2 1.121 C2 ULY 1.121
D1 D2 D3 -1.288 D1 D2 D3 ULY -1.288
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 2.307 C1 CN ULY 2.307
WEB WEB
A1 A2 1.384 A1 A2 ULY 1.384
B2 1.912 B2 ULY 1.912
C2 1.912 C2 ULY 1.912
D1 D2 D3 1.384 D1 D2 D3 ULY 1.384
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 3.011 C1 CN ULY 3.011
WEU WEU
A1 A2 0.593 A1 A2 ULY 0.593
B2 1.121 B2 ULY 1.121
C2 1.121 C2 ULY 1.121
D1 D2 D3 0.593 D1 D2 D3 ULY 0.593
B1 3.011 B1 ULY 3.011
C1 CN 2.307 C1 CN ULY 2.307
LLM
MB1 MB2 MB3 MB4 MB5 MB6 MB7 MB8 MB9 MB10 MB11 MB12 MB13 MB14 MB15 UGY -22.86
WLCA WLA1 WLA1 Roof Angle, θ
B1 R -2.055 B1 R ULY -2.055
B2 0.561 B2 ULY 0.561
7.5°
WLCB WLA2 WLA2
15°
B1 R -0.374 B1 R ULY -0.374
B2 2.242 B2 ULY 2.242
22.5°
WRCA WRA1 WRA1
30°
B1 R 0.561 B1 R ULY 0.561
B2 -2.055 B2 ULY -2.055
37.5°
WRCB WRA2 WRA2
45°
B1 R 2.242 B1 R ULY 2.242
B2 -0.374 B2 ULY -0.374
WLOA WLB1 WLB1

B1 R 2.989 B1 R ULY 2.989
B2 1.868 B2 ULY 1.868
WLOB WLB2 WLB2

B1 R 1.682 B1 R ULY 1.682
B2 3.176 B2 ULY 3.176
WROA WRB1 WRB1

B1 R 1.868 B1 R ULY 1.868
B2 2.989 B2 ULY 2.989
WROB WRB2 WRB2

B1 R 3.176 B1 R ULY 3.176
B2 1.682 B2 ULY 1.682
WEA WEB WEB

B1 R 3.176 B1 R ULY 3.176
B2 3.176 B2 ULY 3.176
WEB WEU WEU

B1 R 0.561 B1 R ULY 0.561
B2 0.561 B2 ULY 0.561
Wind Direction, g= 0°, 180° Wind Direction, g= 0°, 180
Load Case Clear Wind Flow Obstructed Wind Flow Load Case Clear Wind Flow Obstructed Wind Flow
Cnw Cnl Cnw Cnl Cnw Cnl Cnw
A 1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1 B 0.2 -1.2 -0.9
A 1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1 B 0.1 -1.1 -0.6
A 1.1 0.1 -1.2 -1.2 B -0.1 -0.8 -0.8
A 1.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 B -0.1 -0.9 -0.2
A 1.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 B -0.2 -0.6 -0.3
A 1.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 B -0.3 -0.5 -0.3

on, g= 0°, 180°
Obstructed Wind Flow
Cnl
-1.7
-1.6
-1.7
-1.1
-0.9
-0.7
WLB WLB
Interior Zone Coff
-1.649 Roof Angle, θ Load Case
MB11 MB12 1.099 MB11 MB12 MB13A 1 2
MB13B MB 1.099 MB13B MB14 MB15 U 1 0.75 -0.5
0°-10°
1.649 2 0.75 -0.2
8.012 1 0.75 -0.5
-8.012 10°-22.5° 2 0.75 0.5
3 0.75 0.15
WLU1 WLU1
30°
0 -1.649
MB11 MB12 0.440 MB11 MB12 MB13A
37.5°
MB13B MB 1.319 MB13B MB14 MB15 U
0 1.649
45°
WLU2 WLU2
0 -1.649
MB11 MB12 -0.330 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY -0.33
MB13B MB 1.429 MB13B MB14 MB15 ULY 1.429
0 1.649
-5.342
WRB WRB
0 1.649
MB11 MB12 1.099 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY 1.099
0 -1.649
-8.012
WRU1 WRU1
0 1.649
MB11 MB12 1.319 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY 1.319
0 -1.649
-5.342
WRU2 WRU2
0 1.649
MB11 MB12 1.429 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY 1.429
MB13B MB -0.330 MB13B MB14 MB15 ULY -0.33
0 -1.649
-5.342
WEB WEB
0 1.649
MB11 MB12 1.099 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY 1.099
0 1.649
8.012
WEU WEU
0 1.649
MB11 MB12 1.319 MB11 MB12 MB13A ULY 1.319
0 1.649
5.342
Wind Direction, g= 0°, 180°
Interior Zone Coff End Wall
Load Case Clear Wind Flow Obstructed Wind Flow
3 4 5&6 Cnw Cnl Cnw Cnl
-0.5 -0.75 -0.75
-0.6 -0.75 -0.75
-0.5 -0.75 -0.75
-0.5 -0.75 -0.75
-0.65 -0.75 -0.75
Version 1.0
WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Wall Components and Cladding

Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Buildings of Any Height
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5)
Job Name: Subject: II
Job Number: Originator: Checker: III
Note: Input data is linked to "sheet Roof C&C". Don't change it again. IV
Input Data: B
Wind Speed, V = #REF! km/h (Wind Map, Figure 6-1) GCp Zone 4 Pos. =
Bldg. Classification = #REF! (Table 1-1 Occupancy Category) Gable
Exposure Category = #REF! (Sect. 6.5.6) BMonoslope
Ridge Height, hr = #REF! m. (hr >= he)
Eave Height, he = #REF! m. (he <= hr) #REF!
Building Width = #REF! m. (Normal to Building Ridge)
Building Length = #REF! m. (Parallel to Building Ridge)
Roof Type = #REF! (Gable or Monoslope) L Wall
Topo. Factor, Kzt = #REF! (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4) Plan Fastener
Direct. Factor, Kd = #REF! (Table 6-4) Compare to 3':
Enclosed? (Y/N) #REF! (Sect. 6.2 & Figure 6-5) Use 'a' =
Component Name = Girt (Girt, Siding, Wall, or Fastener) qo
Effective Area, Ae = #REF! m.^2 (Area Tributary to C&C) hr
bay spacing #REF! m +GCpi
h Coef. (PIP)
he =
girt/purlin spacing 0.8 m -GCpi Coef. (NIP) =
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: L
Elevation
Roof Angle, q = #REF! deg. a=
Mean Roof Ht., h = #REF! #REF! zg =
Kh =
Wall External Pressure Coefficients, GCp: I=
GCp Zone 4 Pos. = #REF! #REF! qh =
GCp Zone 5 Pos. = #REF! #REF!
GCp Zone 4 Neg. = #REF! #REF!
GCp Zone 5 Neg. = #REF! #REF!
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Figure 6-5):
+GCpi Coef. = #REF! (positive internal pressure) Net GCPmax #REF!
-GCpi Coef. = #REF! (negative internal pressure) Net GCPmin #REF!
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1a)
a = #REF! (Table 6-2) #REF!
zg = #REF! (Table 6-2)
Kh = #REF! (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I = #REF! (Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
qh = #REF! kN/m^2 qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.4):
For h <= 60 ft.: p = qh*((GCp) - (+/-GCpi)) (psf)
For h > 60 ft.: p = q*(GCp) - qi*(+/-GCpi) (psf)
where: q = qz for windward walls, q = qh for leeward walls and side walls
qi = qh for all walls (conservatively assumed per Sect. 6.5.12.4.2)
39 of 59 01/28/2019 04:23:47
Version 1.0
Wind Load Tabulation for Wall Components & Cladding

Component z #REF! #REF! p = Net Design Pressures (psf)
(ft.) (psf) Zone 4 (+) Zone 4 (-) Zone 5 (+) Zone 5 (-)
Girt 0 #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
For z = he: #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
For z = h: #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
2. Width of Zone 5 (end zones), 'a' = #REF! ft.
3. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
40 of 59 01/28/2019 04:23:47
Version 1.0
Wall Components and Cladding:
Wall Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.
Wall Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.
41 of 59 01/28/2019 04:23:47
Version 1.0
WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Roof Components and Cladding

Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Bldgs. of Any Height with Gable Roof q <= 45o or Monoslope Roof q <= 3o
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5)
IV
Input Data: B
Wind Speed, V = #REF! Km/h C
Bldg. Classification = #REF! (Table 1-1 Occupancy Category) Gable
Exposure Category = #REF! (Sect. 6.5.6) Monoslope
Ridge Height, hr = #REF! m. (hr >= he)
Eave Height, he = #REF! m. (he <= hr)
Building Width = #REF! m. (Normal to Building Ridge)
Building Length = #REF! m. (Parallel to Building Ridge)
Roof Type = #REF! (Gable or Monoslope) Decking
Topo. Factor, Kzt = #REF! (Sect. 6.5.7 & Figure 6-4) Fastener
Direct. Factor, Kd = #REF! (Table 6-4) For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
Enclosed? (Y/N) #REF! (Sect. 6.2 & Figure 6-5) For Zone 1 Neg. =
Component Name = Purlin (Purlin, Joist, Decking, or Fastener) For Zone 2 Neg. =
Purlin distance = 1 m.
Bay spacing = #REF! m.
Effective Area, Ae = #REF! m.^2 (Area Tributary to C&C)
Overhangs? (Y/N) N (if used, overhangs on all sides) Use Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
Use Zone 1 Neg. =
Use Zone 2 Neg. =
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: Use Zone 3 Neg. =
Roof Angle, q = #REF! deg. #REF!

Mean Roof Ht., h = #REF! #REF! Fig's. 6-11B, 6-11C, and 6-1
Fig. 6-11B:
Roof External Pressure Coefficients, GCp: For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
GCp Zone 1-3 Pos. = #REF! #REF! For Zone 1 Neg. =
GCp Zone 1 Neg. = #REF! #REF! For Zone 2 Neg. =
GCp Zone 2 Neg. = #REF! #REF! For Zone 3 Neg. =
GCp Zone 3 Neg. = #REF! #REF! Fig. 6-11C:
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Figure 6-5): For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
+GCpi Coef. = #REF! (positive internal pressure) GCPmax #REF! Zone 1 Neg. =
-GCpi Coef. = #REF! (negative internal pressure) GCPmin #REF! Zone 2 Neg. =
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case
For Zone
1a) 3 Neg. =
a = #REF! Fig. 6-11D:
zg = #REF! (Table 6-2) #REF! For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
Kh = #REF! (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h) For Zone 1 Neg. =
I = #REF! (Table 6-1) (Importance factor) For Zone 2 Neg. =
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15) For Zone 3 Neg. =
qh = #REF! KN/m2 qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated atUse z =Zone
h) 1 Neg. =
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.4): Use Zone 2 Neg. =
For h <= 60 ft.: p = qh*((GCp) - (+/-GCpi)) (psf) Use Zone 3 Neg. =
For h > 60 ft.: p = q*(GCp) - qi*(+/-GCpi) (psf)
where: q = qh for roof
qi = qh for roof (conservatively assumed per Sect. 6.5.12.4.2)
Width 'a' for
Lesser of L or B:
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Wind Load Tabulation for Roof Components & Cladding

Component z #REF! #REF! p = Net Design Pressures (psf)
(ft.) (psf) Zone 1,2,3 (+) Zone 1 (-) Zone 2 (-) Zone 3 (-)
Purlin 0 #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
For z = he: #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
For z = h: #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
2. Width of Zone 2 (edge), 'a' = #REF! ft. #REF! m
#REF! #REF! ft. #REF! m
4. For monoslope roofs with q <= 3 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values with 'qh'.
5. For buildings with h > 60' and q > 10 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCpi' values with 'qh'.
6. For all buildings with overhangs, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values per Sect. 6.5.11.4.2.
7. If a parapet >= 3' in height is provided around perimeter of roof with q <= 10 degrees,
Zone 3 shall be treated as Zone 2.
8. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
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Roof Components and Cladding:
q <= 7 deg. 7 deg. < q <= 27 deg. 27 deg. < q <= 45 deg.
Roof Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.

(for Gable Roofs <= 45o and Monoslope Roofs <= 3o)
Roof Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

(for Gable Roofs <= 10o and Monoslope Roofs <= 3o)
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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Chimneys, Stacks, and Vertical Tanks

Per ASCE 7-05 Code for Cantilevered Structures Classified as Other Structures
I
IV
Input Data: D B
C
V= 90 mph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1) D
Class. = II (Occupancy Category form Table 1-1) Round
Exposure = B (Exposure Category from Sect. 6.5.6) Wind Hexagonal
h
Kzt = 1.00 (Topographic Factor from Sect. 6.5.7) Square
h= 80.00 ft. (Height of Stack/Tank itself) Normal
Hb = 0.00 ft. (Ht. of Stack/Tank Base Above Ground) Diagonal
D= 20.00 ft. (Diameter or Width of Surface Normal to Wind) I=
Hb >= 0
Shape? Round (Round, Hexagonal, or Square) Ground
b= 0.010 (Damping Ratio = 0.010-0.070) Base Shear and Moment Tabula
Elevation
Ct = 0.0412 (Period Coefficient = 0.020-0.035) for trapezoidal pressure distribu
Kd = 0.95 (Direct. Factor, Table 6-4) Wind Load Tabulation for Stack / Tank
Cf = 0.700 (Force Coef. from Fig. 6-21) z Kz qz p=qz*G*Cf F=qz*G*Cf*D
(ft.) (psf) (psf) (lb/ft)
0.00 0.57 11.32 7.76 155.28
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: 5.00 0.57 11.32 7.76 155.28
10.00 0.57 11.32 7.76 155.28
If z < 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) 15.00 0.57 11.32 7.76 155.28
If z >= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) 20.00 0.62 12.29 8.43 168.58
a= 7.00 (Table 6-2) 25.00 0.67 13.10 8.98 179.68
zg = 1200 (Table 6-2) 30.00 0.70 13.80 9.46 189.28
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Import. Factor) 35.00 0.73 14.42 9.89 197.81
h/D = 4.000 40.00 0.76 14.98 10.27 205.50
freq., f = 0.907 Hz. (f < 1) Flexible 45.00 0.79 15.50 10.63 212.53
G= 0.980 (Gust Factor, Sect. 6.5.8) 50.00 0.81 15.97 10.95 219.03
55.00 0.83 16.41 11.25 225.07
60.00 0.85 16.82 11.54 230.74
Velocity Pressure (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15): 70.00 0.89 17.58 12.06 241.13
qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I 80.00 0.93 18.26 12.53 250.51
Net Design Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.13):

p = qz*G*Cf (psf)
Net Design Wind Forces (Sect. 6.5.15, Eq. 6-28):

F = qz*G*Cf*D (lb/ft)
Resulting Total Base Shear & Moment:
SV(total) = 16.10 kips

SM(total) = 703.37 ft-kips
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Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G: SV(total):

###
Flexible? Yes f < 1 Hz.
1: Simplified Method for Rigid Structure

G= N.A.
a^ = 0.143
b^ = 0.84
a(bar) = 0.250
b(bar) = 0.45
c= 0.30
l= 320 ft.
e(bar) = 0.333
z(min) = 30 ft.
Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Structure Calculations:

Iz(bar) = 0.282 = c*(33/z(bar))^(1/6) , Eq. 6-5
gq = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gv = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gr = 4.166 = (2*(LN(3600*f)))^(1/2)+0.577/(2*LN(3600*f))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-9
Q= 0.884 = (1/(1+0.63*((B+h)/Lz(bar))^0.63))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-6
2: Calculation of G for Rigid Structure

G= N.A. = 0.925*((1+1.7*gq*Iz(bar)*Q)/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar))) , Eq. 6-4
3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Structure

b= 0.010 Damping Ratio
T= 1.102 = Ct*h^(3/4) , sec. (Approximate fundamental period)
f= 0.907 = 1/T , Hz. (Natural Frequency)
V(fps) = 132.00 = V(mph)*(88/60) , ft./sec.
V(bar,zbar) = 65.23 = b(bar)*(z(bar)/33)^(a(bar))*V*(88/60) , ft./sec. , Eq. 6-14
N1 = 5.043 = f*Lz(bar)/(V(bar,zbar)) , Eq. 6-12
Rn = 0.050 = 7.47*N1/(1+10.3*N1)^(5/3) , Eq. 6-11
hh = 5.119 = 4.6*f*h/(V(bar,zbar))
Rh = 0.176 = (1/hh)-1/(2*hh^2)*(1-e^(-2*hh)) for hh > 0, or = 1 for hh = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
hb = 1.280 = 4.6*f*D/(V(bar,zbar))
RB = 0.500 = (1/hb)-1/(2*hb^2)*(1-e^(-2*hb)) for hb > 0, or = 1 for hb = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
hd = 4.284 = 15.4*f*D/(V(bar,zbar))
RL = 0.206 = (1/hd)-1/(2*hd^2)*(1-e^(-2*hd)) for hd > 0, or = 1 for hd = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
R= 0.528 = ((1/b)*Rn*Rh*RB*(0.53+0.47*RL))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-10
Gf = 0.980 = 0.925*(1+1.7*Iz(bar)*(gq^2*Q^2+gr^2*R^2)^(1/2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) , Eq. 6-8
Use: G = 0.980
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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Open Structures without Roofs

Per ASCE 7-05 Code
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Other Structures of Any Height
IV
Input Data: B
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: C
Wind Speed, V = 90 mph D
Class., Occ. Category = III (Table 1-1) If z < 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) Y
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) If z >= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) N
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7) a= 9.50 (Table 6-2)
Height of Structure, h = 125.00 ft. zg = 900 (Table 6-2)
Structure Width, B = 150.00 ft. (normal to wind) I= 1.15 (Table 6-1)
Structure Length, L = 100.00 ft. (parallel to wind) freq., f = 1.337 Hz. (f >=1) Rigid
Damping Ratio, b = 0.010 (0.010 to 0.070) G = 0.850 (Gust Factor, Sect. 6.5.8)
Period Coefficient, Ct = 0.0200 (0.020 to 0.035)
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-4) Velocity Pressure (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15):
qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I
Note: Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, design wind force for open Net Design Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.15):
buildings and other structures shall not be less than 10 psf p = qz*G*Cf (psf), where 'qz' is evaluated at
multiplied by the area, 'Af', the area normal to wind direction. height 'z' of the centroid of projected area.
Open Structure - Net Design Wind Pressures, p

Force Coefficient, Cf
z Kz qz qz*G 1.20 1.60 1.80 2.00
(ft.) (psf) (psf) p p p p
(psf) (psf) (psf) (psf)
0 0.85 17.21 14.63 17.55 23.40 26.33 29.25
15 0.85 17.21 14.63 17.55 23.40 26.33 29.25
20 0.90 18.28 15.54 18.65 24.86 27.97 31.08
25 0.95 19.16 16.29 19.54 26.06 29.31 32.57
30 0.98 19.91 16.92 20.31 27.08 30.46 33.85
35 1.01 20.57 17.48 20.98 27.97 31.47 34.96
40 1.04 21.15 17.98 21.58 28.77 32.36 35.96
45 1.07 21.68 18.43 22.12 29.49 33.18 36.86
50 1.09 22.17 18.84 22.61 30.15 33.92 37.69
55 1.12 22.62 19.23 23.07 30.76 34.61 38.45
60 1.14 23.04 19.58 23.50 31.33 35.25 39.16
70 1.17 23.80 20.23 24.27 32.36 36.41 40.46
80 1.21 24.48 20.80 24.97 33.29 37.45 41.61
90 1.24 25.09 21.33 25.59 34.12 38.39 42.65
100 1.27 25.65 21.81 26.17 34.89 39.25 43.61
120 1.32 26.66 22.66 27.19 36.25 40.79 45.32
For z = h: 125 1.33 26.89 22.85 27.43 36.57 41.14 45.71
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Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G:
Flexible? No f >=1 Hz.
1: Simplified Method for Rigid Structure

G= 0.85
a^ = 0.105
b^ = 1.00
a(bar) = 0.154
b(bar) = 0.65
c= 0.20
l= 500 ft.
e(bar) = 0.200
z(min) = 15 ft.
Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Structure Calculations:

Iz(bar) = 0.174 = c*(33/z(bar))^(1/6) , Eq. 6-5
gq = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gv = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gr = 4.258 = (2*(LN(3600*f)))^(1/2)+0.577/(2*LN(3600*f))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-9
Q= 0.848 = (1/(1+0.63*((B+h)/Lz(bar))^0.63))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-6
2: Calculation of G for Rigid Structure

G = 0.855 = 0.925*((1+1.7*gq*Iz(bar)*Q)/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar))) , Eq. 6-4
3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Structure

b = 0.010 Damping Ratio
T = 0.748 = Ct*h^(3/4) , sec. (Period)
f = 1.337 = 1/T , Hz. (Natural Frequency)
V(fps) = N.A. = V(mph)*(88/60) , ft./sec.
V(bar,zbar) = N.A. = b(bar)*(z(bar)/33)^(a(bar))*V*(88/60) , ft./sec. , Eq. 6-14
N1 = N.A. = f*Lz(bar)/(V(bar,zbar)) , Eq. 6-12
Rn = N.A. = 7.47*N1/(1+10.3*N1)^(5/3) , Eq. 6-11
hh = N.A. = 4.6*f*h/(V(bar,zbar))
Rh = N.A. = (1/hh)-1/(2*hh^2)*(1-e^(-2*hh)) for hh > 0, or = 1 for hh = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
hb = N.A. = 4.6*f*B/(V(bar,zbar))
RB = N.A. = (1/hb)-1/(2*hb^2)*(1-e^(-2*hb)) for hb > 0, or = 1 for hb = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
hd = N.A. = 15.4*f*L/(V(bar,zbar))
RL = N.A. = (1/hd)-1/(2*hd^2)*(1-e^(-2*hd)) for hd > 0, or = 1 for hd = 0 , Eq. 6-13a,b
R= N.A. = ((1/b)*Rn*Rh*RB*(0.53+0.47*RL))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-10
Gf = N.A. = 0.925*(1+1.7*Iz(bar)*(gq^2*Q^2+gr^2*R^2)^(1/2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) , Eq. 6-8
Use: G = 0.850
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Other Structures - Method 2 All Heights

Figure 6-22 Force Coefficients Open Signs &
Cf Lattice Frameworks
e Flat-Sided Rounded Members
Members D*SQRT(qz) <= 2.5 D*SQRT(qz) > 2.5
< 0.1 2.0 1.2 0.8
0.1 to 0.29 1.8 1.3 0.9
0.3 to 0.7 1.6 1.5 1.1
Notes: 1. Signs with openings comprising 30% or more of the gross area are classified as open signs.
2. The calculation of the design wind forces shall be based on the area of all exposed members
and elements projected on a plane normal to the wind direction. Forces shall be assumed to
act parallel to the wind direction.
3. The area 'Af' consistent with these force coefficients is the solid area projected normal to the
wind direction.
4. Notation:
e = ratio of solid area to gross area
D = diameter of a typical round member, in feet.
qz = velocity pressure evaluated at height 'z' above ground in psf.
Other Structures - Method 2 All Heights

Figure 6-23 Force Coefficients
Cf Trussed Towers
Open Structures
Tower Cross Section Cf
Square 4.0*e^2 - 5.9*e + 4.0
Triangle 3.4*e^2 - 4.7*e + 3.4
Notes: 1. For all wind directions considered, area 'Af' consistent with force coefficients shall be solid area
of tower face projected on plane of that face for tower segment under consideration.
2. Specified force coefficients are for towers with structural angles or similar flat-sided members.
3. For towers containing rounded member, it is acceptable to multiply specified force coefficients
by following factor when determining wind forces on such members: 0.51*e^2 + 0.57 <= 1.0.
4. Wind forces shall be applied in directions resulting in maximum member forces and reactions.
For towers with square cross-sections, wind forces shall be multiplied by following factor when
wind is directed along a tower diagonal: 1+ 0.75*e <= 1.2.
5. Wind forces on tower appurtenances such as ladder, conduits, lights, elevators, etc., shall be
calculated using appropriate force coefficients for these elements.
6. Notation: e = ratio of solid area to gross area of one tower face for segment considered.
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FIGURE 6-1: Basic Wind Speed
FIGURE 6-1a: Western Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Coastline
FIGURE 6-1b: Eastern Gulf & Southeastern U.S. Hurricane Coastline
FIGURE 6-1c: Mid and Northern Atlantic Hurricane Coastline
Opening Partially( if 3 conditions are "Ok")
Aopening(m2) Agross(m2) Ao≥0.8Ag Ao>1.1Aoi Ao>min(0.37;0.01Ag) Aoi/Agi≤0.2
NSW 700.00 800.00 Ok Not Ok Not
FSW 700.00 800.00 Ok Not Ok Not
LEW 150.00 178.50 Ok Not Ok Not
REW 150.00 178.50 Ok Not Ok Not
Roof 0 1400
Sum 1700.00 m2 3357.00 m2 100.00
28.50
Note:
Opening if: checking condition is "Ok".
Partially if: 3 checking conditions are "Ok".
Enclosed : other cases.
Slope(o) 7.5 NW NL NW NL
A 1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1
Cas
Loa
d
e
B 0.2 -1.2 -0.9 -1.7
Slope(o) 15 NW NL NW NL
A 1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1
Cas
Loa
d
e
B 0.1 -1.1 -0.6 -1.6
Wind pressure 0.65 kN/m2

Bay Spacing 6 m
Open Building
GCP
Slope( )o
8.5 NW NL NW NL
A #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Cas
Loa
d
B #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Wind Pressure (kN/m) for SW

NW NL NW NL
Case
Load
A #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

B #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
TINH a 10%B 4.8 m Nhap: B-m 48

0.4*h 2.4 m h-m 6
>4%B 1.92 m
>3ft 0.91 m
a=Min 2.4 m
NOTE:
1. NW denote net wind ward pressure.
2. NL denote net Leeward wind pressure.
Job No. Area No. DSN CHK
Input
Building Height,hn(m) 10
Number of story,N 3
Occupancy Category II
Soil Category D
Spectral response acceleration,Ss 0.25
Spectral response acceleration,S1 0.1
Factor Fa 0.8
Factor Fv 0.8
Response Modification Coefficient, R 3
Calculation:
SMs=Fa*Ss 0.2
SM1=Fv*S1 0.08
SDS=2*SMS/3 0.133
SD1=2*SM1/3 0.053

ASCE705Wind (High Building)

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ASCE705Wind (High Building)

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"ASCE705W" --- ASCE 7-05 CODE WIND ANALYSIS PROGRAM

This program is a workbook consisting of nine (9) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - MWFRS and Components/Cladding

H = interior zone of leeward roof Vertical H -6.80 --- ###

Main Wind Force Resisting System - M

Wind Speed, V = 120 Kph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)

Roof Angle, q = 8.53 deg. L

Check Criteria for a Low-Rise Building:

External Pressure Coeff's., GCpf (Fig. 6-10):

If h < 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b) Wend(-)

Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)

*Note: Use roof angle q = 0 degrees for Longitudinal Direction.

Notes: 1. For Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Cases:

Wind Direction = Normal (Normal or Parallel to building ridge)

Resulting Parameters and Coefficients:

Roof Angle, q = 0.00 deg.

For z = he: 120.90 1.32 35.86 0.80 18.35

Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G:

Is Building Flexible? Yes f < 1 Hz.

1: Simplified Method for Rigid Building

Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Building Calculations:

2: Calculation of G for Rigid Building

3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Building

le 6-3, Case 2a)

31.26 7.76 13.21

ss than 10 psf. L/B = 0.5149193548

WLB2 WLU2 WRB WRU WEB

= 1 for hh=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b

= 1 for hb=0,Eq. 6-13a,b

= 1 for hd=0 ,Eq. 6-13a,b

Wind Speed, V = 130 Kph (Wind Map, Figure 6-1)

Roof Angle, q = 5.71 deg. L

Check Criteria for a Low-Rise Building:

External Pressure Coeff's., GCpf (Fig. 6-10):

If h < 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-3, Case 1b) Wend(-)

Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)

*Note: Use roof angle q = 0 degrees for Longitudinal Direction.

Notes: 1. For Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Cases:

B0 B1 B2 -1.143 B0 B1 B2 B3 UGY -1.143

WLOA WLB1 WLB1

WLOB WLB2 WLB2

WROA WRB1 WRB1

WROB WRB2 WRB2

WEA WEB WEB

WEB WEU WEU

A 1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1 B 0.2 -1.2 -0.9

A 1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1 B 0.1 -1.1 -0.6

A 1.1 0.1 -1.2 -1.2 B -0.1 -0.8 -0.8

A 1.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 B -0.1 -0.9 -0.2

A 1.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 B -0.2 -0.6 -0.3

A 1.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 B -0.3 -0.5 -0.3

WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Wall Components and Cladding

Wind Load Tabulation for Wall Components & Cladding

Wall Components and Cladding:

Wall Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.

Wall Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Roof Components and Cladding

Roof Angle, q = #REF! deg. #REF!

Wind Load Tabulation for Roof Components & Cladding

Roof Components and Cladding:

Roof Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.

Roof Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256KzKztKdV^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)

Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256KzKztKdV^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-15)

Square 4.0e^2 - 5.9e + 4.0

Triangle 3.4e^2 - 4.7e + 3.4