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ρ = density of fluid
g = acceleration due to gravity
ћ = depth to centroid of immersed surface
A = area of immersed surface
Depth, d = 0.1m
Base, b = 0.075m
Distance from pivot to hanger, s = 0.25m
Distance from pivot to top of rectangular
surface, r = 0.1m
Theoretical determination of Xp
𝐼𝐶𝐺
Theory shows that Xp = x̄ =
𝐴x̄
ћ
where x̄ = distance from O to the centroid CG of the surface = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ
Experimental determination of Xp
for equilibrium of the experimental apparatus, moments about the pivot P give
F.Y = Mg.s
Where
y = distance from pivot to centre of pressure
M= mass added to hanger
S = distance from pivot to the hanger
Therefore
𝑀𝑔𝑠
Y= 𝐹
ℎ1
But Y = Xp + r - 𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
ℎ1
Therefore Xp = y – (r - )
𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
Where
r = distance from picot to top of rectangular surface
h1 = depth of water surface from top of rectangular surface
θ = angle of inclination of rectangular surface
x̄
ћ= θ=0 𝑐𝑜𝑠θ = 1 ћ = x̄
𝑐𝑜𝑠θ
, for the theoreticalcalculation of the hydrostatic force. This accepted value is the density of sea
water at 4
C. However, if the actual density of the tap water was used, thetheoretical calculations would not
differ greatly enough to compensate for the magnitude of the error.