UT PROCEDURE

BY ARAVINDAN

 EQUIPMENT:

 1 to 5Mhz Probe to be used

SECTION V Article 4:
Appendix 1
 Screen Height Linearity: (Every Shift)
 (Use Angle probe, catch 2 reflectors) (Also, Use Normal Probe which provide signal
separation, and overlapping)
 Bring two amplitudes of 2 reflectors at the ratio of 2:1, with larget set at 80%
 Without moving search unit, adjust the gain to bring to 100% to 20% (10%
increments or 2 db steps)
 Read the smallest indication at each setting, the reading must be 50% of larger
amplitude, within 5% of full screen height.

Appendix II

 Amplitude Linearity ( Every Shift)

(Get an Indication at ½ T and do the following, Normal or Angle probe)

Indication Set at FSH Db control Indication Limits

80% -6db 32 to 48%

80% -12db 16 to 24%
40% +6db 64 to 96%
20% +12db 64 to 96%

 When any part of the examination system is changed, calibration check to be used.
 The check must be done at atleast one of the reflector in the basic calibration reflector, whem
personnel is changed.
  TIME BASE CALIBRATION:
 To be used when changing probes, change in weld thickness, every time the Equipment
switched ON.

EQUIPMENT CHECK:

 UFD: Atleat once every 12 months and Valid calibration sticker.

 Amplitude control Linearity: Minimum of 3months once.
 Screen Height Linearity: Min 3months once

MATERIALS:

 Search Units shall be in the range of 1Mhz to 5Mhz, and free of noise and internal reflections

AWS D1.1:

 Normal probe: Area should not be less than (18mm) 1/2inchsq. nor more than (25mm) 1inch
sq.(Round or SQ)
 Angle beam: Dimensions – (5/8 inch(15mm) to 1inch(25mm)) Frequency between (2-2.5Mhz)
 Probe Angle- 70, 60 and 45 +/- 2deg correction
 V1 block to be used and find Beam Angle, Beam Profile and Exit Point.
 V1 block is used for distance and sensitivity calibration.

 Basic Calibration block material shod be same of Product form. Also, same heat treatment
specification
 Probe wear should not to be used.
 Couplant: Maximum Accoustic Transmission ULTRA GEL II
Example: oil, grease, Gel, cellulose paste (Additive shod not to be used)

SURFACE CONDITION:

 Till FSD the area shod be free from spatter, grinding marks, or chipping marks)
Noise occurs.
PRIOR TO EXAMINATION:

 Type of Material
 Joint Configuration
 Welding process
 ex PWHT

EXAMINATION PROCEDURE:

 If the Dia is greater than 508mm, the reference block of same curvature to be used OR Flat
basic calibration to be used (provided GAIN to be adjusted) ARTICLE 4, APPENDIX B
 DIA less than 508mm, the block shall be curved. (The range of curvature from 0.9 to 1.5 times
the basic calibration block diameter.
 If Outer diameter is greater than 4inches, the arc length will be greater than 3 times the
thickness, or 8 inches.

Calibration Block of Pipe Notch:

 Notches may be square or rectangular, with depth equal to 10 percent of thickness of

calibration block. (+10percent, -20 percent). Notches length minimum 1inch.
 Refer ASME SEC V Article 5 Fig. T 542.2.1 for plates and T542.8.1.1 Angle beam calibration
Pipe welds.
Overlap:

10% overlap of the probe and Speed 150mm per second.

Transverse Scan:

Do as Procedure:

RANGE setting:

More than Full beam path length (more than 2T/cos)

CALIBRATION INTERVALS AT SITE:

 To be carried out at the commencement, 4hrs interval during the inspection and completion of
inspection)
 If the Sweep range of DAC curve has moved on the time base by more than 10% of original
time base.
 If the point on DAC curve has changed by +/- 20% or 2db from its Original amplitude.

Then the following actions to be taken;

Calibration to be corrected, I.e A new DC curve shall be produced.

INSPECTION TECHNIQUE:

ROOT SCAN: Atleast One Angle Probe

and RASTER Scannning from both sides of the world (Atleast 2 probes)

SCANNING:

1. DATUM to be marked
2. Parent metal Scan, Shear scan (Atleast Two times the primary reference level),
3. Evaluation at Primary reference level.

DEFECT EVALUATION AND SIZING:

 Indication above 20percent DAC shall be investigated,
 Cofirm the existence
 Determine the location
 Determine the Size
 Determine the Nature

The investigation may require Scanning from other POSITIONS and with DIFFERENT PROBES.

MOST IMPORTANT CARRIED OUT WITH EXTREME CARE.

RECOMMENDED SIZING TECHNIQUES:

1. Defect Length: 6Db Drop

2. Through Thickness Dimension: 20db with adjustable flaw location slide.

IN Case of AWS D1.1

 Each Weld Discontinuty to be accepted or rejected on the basis of indication rating or

length. Table 6.2 Static or Table 6.3 Cyclic
Acceptance Standards;

1. ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 Apenddix 12

2. ASME B31.1 Para 136.4.6
3. AWS D1.1 Table 6.2 and 6.3

REPORT:

Do as per TWI

UT MACHINES:

 KrautKramer USM 35X- DAC, USM 25

 Site Scan 150
 Modsonic Einstein II

Probe Size:

 8x9mm
 20x22mm

Probe Limits:

 Probe Index (+/- 1mm)

 Beam Index (+/- 2deg change minimum)

SENSITIVITY:

2.4mm SDH atleast 22mm long.

DAC CALIBRATION RANGE:

  TIME BASE RANGE: For 70deg = 1.25x FSP
 FOR 60 and 45 deg = 1.5 x FSP

FOR DAC range FSP should be greater than Full V path.

CONSTRUCT 20db drop beam profile using IOW block, draw on beam plotting card.

SAVE for each probe calibration.

TRANSFER LOSS:

 If transfer loss is greater than 2db, compensate by adding the sensitivity 12db.