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(C) tqifjh rif'h ZD ,f wpfvw D m 840^900 usyf 915 usyf ( Z ) awmifukd&D;,m; wpf&m0rf = 136.41
&efuek f vufum;aps; ( ps ) MopaMw;vs wpfa':vm = 1101.1
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pnfyifom,ma&;0efBuD; ay;ydv Yk maom pm&&Syd gaMumif;? tqdyk g pmwGif ig;aomif;ausmf &SdygaMumif;? usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrItaejzifh ckwif ode;f vGiaf X;? wyfrawmfom;ud, k pf m;vS,f Adv k rf LS ; aZmf0if;OD;? wyfrawmf
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pmMunfw h u
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 azazmf0g&D 1? 2019

½kyo
f x
H w
k v
f iT jhf cif;ESihf Fiber qufaMumif;
1970 jynfhESpfwGif Fiber Optic Cable
rsm; tokH;jyKrIpwifcJhNyD; qufoG,fa&;
u@wGif pufrIawmfvSefa&;wpfacwf
ajymif;vJcyhJ gonf/ qufo, G af &;vkyif ef;
rsm;wGif vQyfppfaMu;eef;BudK;(Copper
Wire) tokH;jyKae&mrS Optical Fiber
trQifrsm;ygaom Cable rsm; tpm;xdk;
tokH;jyKvmNyD; Fiber Optic Cable rSm
t"dutcef;rS yg0ifvmygonf/
avqmxkwfvTifhrI (Laser Trans-
mission)udk tajccHonfh qufo, G af &;
Mum;cHzefom;(Glass) odkYr[kwf yvwf
pwpfzdkifbmudktokH;jyKí tvif;udk
o,faqmifum t½kyf? toHESifh tcsuf
tvuf Signal rsm;udk xkwfvTifhay;yg
onf/ qufoG,fa&;0efaqmifrIvkyfief;
rsm;? Internet 0efaqmifrv I yk if ef;rsm;ESihf
½kyfjrifoHMum;xkwfvTifhrI 0efaqmifrI
vkyif ef;rsm;twGuf Fiber Optic Cable
udk tokH;jyKMuygonf/
wpfae&mrS wpfae&modkY
zdkifbmtrQifwpfckwGif yifrtlwdkif
(Core) ? ab;tum&H( Cladding) ?
zdkifbmacsmif;(Fiber) ? tjyiftum
(Outer Jacket)wdkY yg&Sdygonf/ zdkifbm
trQifwpfcck sif;pDonf 'pf*spfw,f tcsuf
tvuf(odkYr[kwf) toHvdkif;rsm;pGmudk
wpfpuúew Yf iG f o,faqmifay;Edik yf gonf/
owif;tcsuftvuf ½kyfykHtcsufjyrsm;
(Image Signal) udk vQyfppftcsufjy
(Electrical Signal)rSwpfqifh tvif;
tcsufjy(Optical Signal)odYk ajymif;vJ
tok;H jyKNyD; tvif;jyefjcif; ed,mroabm
w&m;(Total Internal Reflection)udk
tokH;jyKí aqmif&Gufum Fiber Cable
rS ay;ydkYvdkonfhae&modkY ay;ydkYygonf/
zrf;,l&&Sdonfhae&mü 0ifa&mufvm
onfh tvif;tcsufjy(Optical Signal)
udk vQyfppftcsufjy (Electrical Signal)
odYk ajymif;vJí tok;H jyKygonf/ xkwv f iT rhf I
onf wpfvrf;oGm;(odkYr[kwf) ESpfvrf;
oGm;pepf? toH? tcsuftvuf? t½kyf?
ay;ydkYjcif; 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifyg
onf/ Fiber Cable wpfckwGif Fiber
trQifBudK;(Strands)rsm; ta&twGuf
tm;jzifh (1)ck odkYr[kwf &maygif;rsm;pGm
yg0ifygonf/ Fiber trQifBudK; (1)ck\
t&G,t f pm;rSm vlom;wpfO;D &Sd qHyifxuf
(1^10)ykcH efo Y m&Sad omfvnf; w,fvzD ek ;f
ac:qdkrIaygif; 25000 cefY o,faqmifEdkif
ygonf/
ra&wGufEdkifaom tcsuftvufrsm;
Fiber trQifrsm; pkaygif;xm;aom
Fiber Cable udk tokH;jyKonfh vkyfief;
vdt
k yfcsut f ay: rlwnfí 2 Core Fiber ?
4 Core Fiber ? 8 Core Fiber pojzifh
owfrSwfokH;pGJygonf/ odkYjzpf&m Fiber
Cable wpfcw k iG f ra&wGuEf ikd af om oef;
aygif;rsm;pGm Data tcsuftvufrsm;
yg0ifygonf/
zdkifbmuGef&ufrsm;udk csdwfquf
tokH;jyK&mwGif ajratmuf Cable
qufo, G jf cif; (Underground) ? ajray:
Cable (Overhead) qufoG,fjcif;
tjyif EdkifiHwumqufoG,fa&;twGuf
a&atmuf Cable (Submarine Cable)
oG,fwef;enf;pepfrsm;jzifh qufoG,f
csdwfqufxm;ygonf/
a,bk,stm;jzifh tokH;jyKonfh
vkyfief;tay:rlwnfí Single Mode
Fiber ESihf Multimode Fiber [lívnf;
tokH;jyKMuygonf/ xdkYtjyif aq;ynm
vkyif ef;rsm;wGif a&m*g&SmazGjcif;? pufryI ikd ;f
qdik &f mvkyif ef;rsm;wGif pufypön;f rsm;tm;
ppfaq;aqmif&u
ygonf/
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ajratmufzikd b f m aub,fvcf scif;jcif;
vkyfief; aqmif&Gufrnfqdkygu tus,f
1 'or 5 ayESifh teuf av;aywGif
cscif;aqmif&u G &f ygonf/ Fiber Cable
tuGmta0; rDwm 100 tuGmta0;
wdik ;f wGif jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f jcif;aqmif&u G &f ef
twGuf Man Hole xm;&Sday;&ygonf/
zdkifbmqufaMumif; tuGmta0; 100
uDvrkd w D mwdik ;f wGiv f nf; Transmission
pufypönf;rsm; wyfqifxm;&Sd&ygonf/
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jcif;aMumifh ay;ydo Yk nf½h yk yf t Hk csuftvuf
rsm; t&nftaoG;usqif;rI enf;yg;jcif;
(Less Attenuation) ? aESmifh,SufrI
enf;yg;jcif;(No Interference) ? yrmP
tuefYtowfr&Sd okH;pGJEdkifjcif;? vQyfppf
"mwftm;ESifh pufokH;qDokH;pGJrI oufom
jcif;? ydkYaqmifcsdwfqufrI vsifjrefjcif;?
vkNH cHKpdwcf s&rI&jdS cif; ponfh tusKd;aus;Zl;
rsm; &&Sdygonf/ odkY&mwGif &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI
rsm;jym;jcif;? jyKjyifxdef;odrf;rItwGuf
ukefusp&dwf&Sdjcif;? &moDOwkESifh obm0
ab;tÅ&m,frsm;twGuf jywfawmufrI
rsm; jzpfay:Edkifjcif; ponfh tm;enf;csuf
rsm;vnf; &Sdygonf/
puf0dkif;ykHuGef&ufrsm; csdwfqufxm;
Fiber uGef&ufrsm; tokH;jyK&mwGif
Fiber yifrqufaMumif;wGif qufo, G rf I
jywfawmufjcif;rS umuG,f&ef puf0dkif;ykH
uG e f & uf r sm; csd w f q uf x m;&S d y gonf /
oD;oefYwdkuf½dkufcsdwfqufonfh Dedi-
cated vdkif;rsm;wGifvnf; ajray:ESifh
ajratmufvikd ;f [lí t&efvikd ;f udyk g xm;&Sd
tok;H jyKMuygonf/ aiGaMu;ok;H pGEJ ikd rf tI ay:
rlwnfí qufaMumif;wpfckwnf;
29-1-2019 &ufaeYwiG f usif;yjyKvkyo f nfh 'kw,
d tBudrf jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmf
(11)Budrfajrmuf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0; wwd,aeYusif;yaerIudk vTwfawmf
½kyfoHvdkif;rS wdkuf½dkufxkwfvTifhaepOf rGef;vGJ(14;20)em&DrS (14;25)em&D
txd (5)rdepfcefY jywfawmufrI jzpfyGm;cJhygonf/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
aqG;aEG;rItpDtpOfrsm;udk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfrS jrefrmhtoHESifh ½kyfjrif
oHMum;(wyfukef;)½kH;csKyfodkY zdkifbmqufaMumif;rSwpfqifh ay;ydkYxkwfvTifh&m
,if;tcsdefwGif zdkifbmvdkif;usí tpDtpOf jywfawmufcJhjcif;jzpfNyD; N*dK[fwk
qufaMumif;jzifh ajymif;vJxkwfvTifhcJh&
csdwfqufaqmif&Gufonfhtcgvnf;&SdNyD; tjyeftvSef ½dkuful;xkwfvTifhjcif;?
tjcm;qufoG,fa&;enf;vrf; wpfrsKd;rsKd; ysOf;rem;½kyjf rifoMH um; xyfqifv h iT phf uf½Hk
udk t&eftjzpf pDpOfxm;avh&Sdygonf/ (oajyawmif)ESifh ½kyfoHowif;rsm;
Fiber qufaMumif;wpfavQmufwiG f ay;ydkYjcif;? aejynfawmfteD;wpf0dkufwGif
Mum;cHtok;H jyKaom pufypön;f rsm;aMumifh usif;yjyKvkyfonfh tcrf;tem;rsm;tm;
vnf;aumif;? Fiber rsm; csdwfqufrI wdu k ½f u
kd f ½du
k u
f ;l xkwv f iT jhf cif;? vTwaf wmf
aMumifhvnf;aumif;? xkwfvTifhaom tcrf;tem;usif;yykrH sm; wdu k ½f ukd f ½du
k u f ;l
owif ; tcsuf t vuf r sm;Mum;wG i f xkwfvTifhjcif; ponfhvkyfief;rsm;wGif
taESmifht,Sufrsm; jzpfay: NyD; pGrf;&nf zdkifbmqufaMumif;udk tokH;jyKvsuf&Sdyg
qkH;½IH;rIrsm; awGU BuHKEdkifNyD; ay;ydkYaom onf/
owif;tcsuftvufrsm; ra&muf&o dS nf 5 rdepfcefY jywfawmufrIjzpfay:
udkvnf; awGU BuHKEdkifygonf/ 29-1-2019 &ufaeYwiG f usif;yjyKvkyf
obm0ab;tÅ&m,f r sm;aMumif h onfh 'kw, d tBurd f jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmf
vnf;aumif;? tjcm;rarQmfvifhEdkifaom (11)Budrfajrmuf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;
udpö&yfrsm;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? vlESifh wwd,aeYusif;yaerIudk vTwfawmf
jyify ya,m*rsm;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? ½kyfoHvdkif;rS wdkuf½dkufxkwfvTifhaepOf
Fiber jywfawmufrIrsm; jzpfay:vmEdkif rGef;vGJ(14;20)em&DrS (14;25)em&Dtxd
ygonf/ (5)rdepfcefY jywfawmufrI jzpfymG ;cJyh gonf/
jrefrmhtoHESifh ½kyfjrifoHMum;? jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf aqG;aEG;rItpD
aejynfawmfwyfukef;odkY 2008 ckESpfrS tpOfrsm;udk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfrS
ajymif;a&TUcsdefrSpwifNyD; ½kyf^oH owif; jrefrmhtoHESifh ½kyfjrifoHMum;(wyfukef;)
ay;ydjYk cif;vkyif ef;rsm;udk Fiber Network ½kH;csKyfodkY zdkifbmqufaMumif;rSwpfqifh
iSm;&rf;tokH;jyKí aqmif&GufcJhygonf/ ay;ydkYxkwfvTifh&m ,if;tcsdefwGif zdkifbm
zdkifbmqufaMumif; tokH;jyK vdkif;usí tpDtpOfjywfawmufcJhjcif;
vuf&SdwGif MRTV (wyfukef;)ESifh jzpfNyD; N*dK[fwkqufaMumif;jzifh ajymif;vJ
MRTV(&efukef)wdkYtMum; owif;ESifh xkwfvTifhcJh&ygonf/
oufqdkifonfh ½kyfoHtpDtpOfrsm; tjyef jynfolrsm;xHodkY jywfawmufrIjzpf&
tvSefay;ydkYjcif;? owif;tpDtpOfrsm; jcif;twGuf today;awmif;yefjcif;
pufrIcif
pmom;udk vTiw hf ifjcif;? jywfawmufomG ;cJh
onft h ydik ;f udvk nf; xnfo h iG ;f Ny;D tp-tqk;H
jyefvnfxw k vf iT ahf y;jcif;wdYk aqmif&u G cf hJ
ygonf/ aemufaemifwiG f tvm;wljzpfpOfrsK;d
xyfrrH jzpfymG ;apa&;twGuf vTwaf wmfEiS hf
jrefrmhtoHESifh ½kyfjrifoHMum;(½kH;csKyf)
wdkYtMum; zdkifbmqufaMumif;vrf;
wpfavQmufudk jyefvnfppfaq;jcif;tm;
oufqdkif&m Fiber cscif;jcif;vkyfief;
aqmif&u G o f nfXh mersm;rS wm0ef&o dS rl sm;
ESifh yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdygonf/
zdik b
f mvdik ;f ppfaq;jyKjyifrI aqmif&u G f
NyD;ygu zdkifbmvdkif;tm; t"du
qufaMumif;tjzpf tok;H jyKoGm;rnfjzpfNyD;
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aumif;qdkonf/ ,if;pum;&yfwGif ukeftrSwfwHqdyf? tcef;(2) 6/ A[dkaumfrwDonf -
0efaqmifrItrSwfwHqdyf? pkaygif;ydkiftrSwfwHqdyfESifh &nf&G,fcsuf (u) jynfaxmifpktpdk;&tzGJU\ oabmwlnDcsufjzifh rlydkifcGifh
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aom tzGJUtpnf;? toif;tzGJU odkYr[kwf vlrIpD;yGm;a&; (C) a'oqdkif&m tñTef;udk tumtuG,fay;jcif;jzifh EdkifiH (5) OD;pD;Xme\ twGif;a&;rSL;
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( X ) pufrI'DZdkif;rlydkifcGifhqdkif&m ESpfywfvnf tpD&ifcHpmudk 16/ atmufygtcsufwpf&yf&yfEiS hf NidpeG ;f onfph ufr'I ZD ikd ;f onf tum (u) pufrI'DZdkif;xkwfukefrsm; odkYr[kwf xkwfukefwGiftokH;jyK
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tcef;(6) 19/ tvky&f iS Ef iS hf tvkyo f rm;wd\ Yk tvkyt f udik q f ikd &f m oabmwlnD 22/ pufrI'DZdkif;udkrSwfykHwifay;&efavQmufxm;olonf -
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vkyfief;wm0efrsm;owfrSwfjcif; 'DZdkif;wpfckudkzefwD;onfhtcg - azmfjy&rnf -
10/ 0efBuD;Xmeonf OD;pD;XmewGif rlyikd cf iG Ehf iS phf yfvsOf;ívkyif ef;rsm;udk (u) tvkyform;u pufrI'DZdkif;wpfckudk zefwD;&mwGif tvkyf (1) rSwfykHwifay;&efawmif;qdkcsuf?
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11/ rSwfykHwift&m&Sd\ vkyfief;wm0efrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpf wifavQmufxm;cGifh&Sdonf/ (3) udk,fpm;vS,fvTJtyfí avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfvQif
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ESihf ppfaq;jcif;qdik &f mvkyif ef;rsm;udk BuD;MuyfuyG u f jJ cif;? twGif; tqdkyg pufrI'DZdkif;udk tvkyf&Sifu rSwfykHwif (4) pufrI'DZdkif;\ &Sif;vif;jynfhpkHaomazmfjycsuf?
(c) pufrI'DZdkif;rSwfykHwifjcif;qdkif&m vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udk avQmufxm;&ef tcGifhta&;udk ysufuGufcJhvQif pGefYvTwf (5) pufrI'DZdkif;yg&Sdonfh odkYr[kwf pufrI'DZdkif;jzifh ½kyfvkH;
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jcif;ESihf pm&Gupf mwrf;taxmuftxm;rsm; awmif;cHjcif; rSwfykHwifavQmufxm;cGifh &Sdonf - awmif;qdkcsuf?
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OD;cifarmifjrifh B.A(Law), LL.B,DL Graduate (WIPO-Switzerland),Advocate(No.2269) LL.B, D.B.L, (Dip in English) (B.A,R.L,D.B.L,B.D.S)
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MAC Tower,#561 (yxrxyf)? ukefonfvrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrdKUe,f? &efukefNrdKU/
Tel : 95-1-706846/384382 HP: 95-9-5121448, E-mail : kmm-lawyer@ytp.com.mm
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