Name _________________________Atomic Structure

1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1 1  H    2He
2.2 0 
2 3 Li   4Be   5B   6C   7N   8O   9F   10Ne 
.98 1.6 2.0 2.6 3.0 3.4 4.0 0
3  11Na  12Mg   13Al   14Si  15P   16S   17Cl 18 Ar
.93  1.3 1.6 1.9  2.2 2.6 3.0  0 
 19K  20Ca   21Sc  22Ti  23V   24Cr   25Mn  26Fe   27Co   28Ni  29Cu   30Zn   31Ga   32Ge   33As   34Se   35Br   36Kr
4 .82  1.0 1.1  1.5  1.6 1.7 1.6  1.8 1.9 1.9  1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 0 
 37Rb  38Sr  39Y  40Zr  41Nb   42Mo  43Tc  44Ru 45Rh 46Pd 47Ag 48Cd  49In   50Sn   51Sb   52Te  53I  54Xe
5 .82  .95  1.2  1.3  1.6 2.2  2.1  2.2  2.3 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.7 0 
 55Cs  56Ba  57La*  72Hf   73Ta  74W  75Re   76Os 77Ir 78Pt 79Au 80Hg  81Tl   82Pb   83Bi  84Po   85At  86 Rn

6 .79  .89  1.1  1.3 1.5  1.7  1.9 2.2  2.2 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9  2.0 2.2 0 
 87Fr   88Ra   89Ac**
 104Rf   105Db   106Sg   107Bh   108Hs  109 Mt Uun Uuu Uub Uuq Uuh Uuo
.70 .90 1.1
7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
 Lanthanides *  58Ce   59Pr   60Nd   61Pm   62Sm  63 Eu 64 Gd 65Tb 66 Dy Ho
67 68 Er 69 Tm 70Yb 71Lu  
 Actinides **  90Th   91Pa   92U   93Np   94Pu  95 Am 96Cm 97Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101Md 102 No 103 Lr  

Name _______________
+
e-
+ +

A B C D E

1. Order the atomic models. Order ____ ____ _____ _____ _____ 5pts

2. Atoms produce characteristic emission and absorption spectrums when placed in a flame or in
a high voltage. Describe the models that used these spectrums as evidence for what we know
about atoms. How is the evidence used to support the model? 5pts
 3. Describe the model that used the following experimental evidence to support what we knew
about atoms at that time.

Experiment 1

mass = 118.76 g mass = 118.76g

Experiment 2

Mass of Magneium + Mass of Oxygen = Magnesium Oxide

15.20 g 10.00g 25.20g

10.00g 6.41 g 16.41g

64.3 % Mg 35.7 % O

Experiment 3
Mass of Nitrogen Mass of oxygen
1.00g 0.57g
1.00g 1.14g
1.00g 1.71 g
Model Description and connection to the data: 3pts

4. Describe the model that determined that the charge to mass ratio of an electron was
1.76x1011C/kg based on the ability to deflect the path of electrons by electrical and magnetic
fields. Model Description and connection to the data: 3pts

5. Describe the model that was based on alpha particle scattering by an extremely thin sheet of
gold.
Model Description and connection to the data: 4pts
 6. Fill in and sketch Quantum mechanical / Orbital model of an atom with 15 electrons - 5pts
1s 2s 2px 2py 2pz 3s 3px 3py 3pz 4s

7. If the following data was obtained by Millikan’s oil droplet experiment how many electrons
would be associated with each of the difference between drops 5pts

Drop 1 Difference a)Write in your answer in this space.

2.1 x 103 C
Drop 2
3.6 x104 C
Drop 3
7.0 x 102 C
Drop 4
1.4 x 103 C
Drop 5
5.6 C x 103 C
Drop 6
4200 C
Drop 7

b) Which of the possible charge differences would not be possible and why? 2pt

c) What two forces can cause a charged oil droplet to be suspended? 2pts

8. The diagram to the left is a schematic diagram of a mass

spectrometer. List the following processes in order
i.____ ii._____ iii.______ iv._____v. ______5pts
i. ii iii iv A. The sample is charged
B. The sample is vaporized (heated)
C. The sample path is changed by a magnetic field.
v D. The sample is detected
E. The sample is accelerated by pulling and pushing
I II III it an electric field
Paths

a) Which path is associated with the heaviest particle and why? 2pts

9. If a calcium is composed of 92.41 % Ca-40 with a mass of 39.995 amu and

7.59 % Ca-41 with a mass of 40.996 amu. What is its atomic mass? What makes
Ca-40 different than Ca-41? What are Ca-40 and Ca-41 called of each other? 5pts
10. i) Which particle was discovered last and why was it difficult to detect? ______2pts
a) protons b) neutrons c) electrons
ii) Why?

iii) How did wax play a role in the discovery of this particle? 1pt

11. How does an Calcium (Ca ) atom differ from an of Ca+2 particle? What are they called of each
other? Why is the mass of a calcium atom virtually equal to the mass of a Ca+2 particle? 3pts

12. a) What path length difference illustrated in the following diagram produce constructive
interference indicated by a bright spot? ______

i) 4 times the path ii) 3 ½ times the path iii) 3 times the path
iv) 2 ½ times the path v) 2 times the path

Double Slit
Laser

b) This diagram illustrates the principle of _____

i) reflection ii) diffraction iii) refraction iv) emission v) absorption

c) This principle illustrates that light has? ____

i) wave properties ii) particle properties iii) both particle and wave properties
iv) neither wave nor particle properties

13. Glow in the dark phosphorescent occurs when the substance is exposed to blue indigo and
violet light. Green, yellow, orange, red light will not cause phosphorescence no matter how
bright they are.

a) This data illustrates that light has? _____

i) wave properties ii) particle properties iii) both particle and wave properties
iv) neither wave nor particle properties

14. a) A excited hydrogen atom releases the following visible light wave forms when moving from
higher energy levels to energy level two.
i) Which wave would be bluegreen? ____
 ii) Which wave would be red? ____
iii) Which wave would be indigo? ____
iv) Which wave would be violet? _____
Why?

I
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0 . 5
-1
-1 . 5

1.5
1
0 .5
0
- 0 .5
-1
II - 1.5

1.5
1
III. 0 .5
0
- 0 .5
-1
- 1.5

1.5 1.5
1 1

IV 0 .5
0
0 .5
0
- 0 .5 - 0 .5
-1 -1
- 1.5 - 1.5

b) If an electron moved from higher energy levels to level one what form of electromagnetic
Radiation would be formed and why?

c). What is the frequency of wave II if the wave form pass a given point in 2.0 seconds? 1pt
How did you determine this? 1pt

d) How do you measure wavelength of a wave?

e) How do you measure amplitude of a wave?

15. Which of has the highest energy per photon?

a) gamma rays b) green visible light c) radiowaves d) infrared light
e) none of the above since they all travel the same speed
 16. What makes a red laser very bright?
a) the energy associated with red photons is very high
b) the number of red photons released by the laser is very large
c) the energy associated with red photons is very high and the number of red photons released
by the laser is very large
d) the heat released by a red laser combined with the high energy of red photons make it a
bright light

17. What makes a blue photon have a relatively large amount of energy when compared to
green, yellow, orange photons, and red photons
a) the high amplitude of blue photons
b) the high frequency of blue photons
c) the long wavelength of blue photons
d) the speed of blue photons
e) the momentum of blue photons

18. a) Why are emission spectrum light bulbs (LED’s and compact fluorescent bulbs more efficient
than incandescent continuous spectrum bulbs?

b) Why are the incandescent (regular hot bulb) spectrums preferred over LED and fluorescent
bulbs?

19. a) How is an orbital different than a Bohr orbit? 3pts

b) What three ways does a 4px differ from a 5dz2 orbital? 3pts

20. a) What appearance does a 5dxy orbital that contains 1 electron have?
I II III
 b) What appearance does a 5dxy orbital that contains 2 electrons have?
I II III

c) What type of field is produced by electrons that allow electrons to occupy the same region of
space?

21. In order for an atom to have the following electron configuration what must have happened
to this atom? What will eventually happen to this atom? 3pts

1s1 2s2 2px2 2py2 2pz2 3s 3px 3py 3pz 4s 3dxy 3dxz 3dyz 3dx2-y2 3dz2 4px 4py 4pz1

22. What electron transition of lead will involve the lowest frequency photon and why? 2pts
a) 6s --> 5px b) 6s ---> 4dz2 c) 6s  3py d) 6s  4py

Why?

23. a) What atom has the following electron configuration? 1pt

1s2 2s2 2px2 2py2 2pz2 3s2 3px 2 3py2 3pz 2 4s2 3dxy2 3dxz2 3dyz 2 3dx2-y22 3dz22 4px2 4py2 4pz2

5s1 4dxy2 4dxz 24dyz2 4 dx2-y22 4dz22 5px 5py 5pz 6s 4f1 4f2 4f3 4 f4 4f5 4f6 4f7 5dxy 5dxz5dyz 5dx2-y2 5dz2

6px 6py 6pz 7s

b) What type of stability does this atom have? full shell stability or half shell stability or
noble gas stability – Explain 2pts

24. a) What is the electron configuration of 52Te ? 3pts

1s 2s 2px 2py 2pz 3s 3px 3py 3pz 4s 3dxy 3dxz 3dyz 3dx2-y2 3dz2 4px 4py 4pz

5s 4dxy 4dxz 4dyz 4 dx2-y2 4dz2 5px 5py 5pz 6s 4f1 4f2 4f3 4 f4 4f5 4f6 4f7 5dxy 5dxz5dyz 5dx2-y2 5dz2

6px 6py 6pz 7s

b) What is its short hand electron configuration of Te? 2pts

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p

c) What is its short hand electron configuration of Te? 3pts

[ ]

d) What is the electron dot diagram of Te? 2pts

25. a) What atom has the following electron configuration? 1pt

1s2 2s2 2px2 2py2 2pz2 3s2 3px 2 3py2 3pz 2 4s2 3dxy2 3dxz2 3dyz 2 3dx2-y22 3dz22 4px2 4py2 4pz2

5s1 4dxy 4dxz 4dyz 4 dx2-y2 4dz2 5px 5py 5pz 6s 4f1 4f2 4f3 4 f4 4f5 4f6 4f7 5dxy 5dxz5dyz 5dx2-y2 5dz2

6px 6py 6pz 7s

b) What is its short hand electron configuration of this atom? 1pt

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p

c)What is its short hand electron configuration of this atom? 2pts

[ ]

d) What is the electron dot diagram of this atom? 2pts

e)What block of the periodic table is this atom from?

f)What period is this element in?

g) What group is this element in?

26. Use the electron dot diagrams of the atoms from question 25 and Te to illustrate the interaction
between these two atoms. You may need multiple atoms of each to complete the diagram
27. a) What group is magnesium (Mg) in? ____ How many valence electrons does Mg have? ___
b) What group is Phosphorus (P) in? ____ How many valence electrons does P have?_____
c) What type of element is Mg? ____ What type of element is P? _____
d) Which element has the largest radius, requires the least first ionization energy and has
the lower electronegativity

i) magnesium ii) phosphorous iii) Since they are in the same period they would
have equivalent radii, ionization energy and
electronegativity

c)Use electron dot diagrams to show the reaction between Mg atoms and P atoms
atoms. You may need multiple atoms of each to complete the diagram

28. i) Which of the following will not conduct electricity as a solid but will when dissolved in water

a) C6H12O6 b) Au c) CaF2 d) S

e) Why?

Types of Bonds
Ionic Nonpolar Covalent Polar Covalent Metallic

29 This type of bond is characterized by an equal “sharing” of electrons

from one atom to the next in molecules such as Br2 (g) ________________2pt
Br - type of element ________
Br - type of element ________

30. This type of force of attraction occurs between within molecules such as HCl which
react with water to form an acid _____________2pt
H - type of element ________ Electronegativities _____
Cl- type of element ________ Electronegativities _____

31 This type of bond is characterized by loosely held electrons which

form a sea of mobile electrons which hold the rest of the atom
( essentially a positive ion ) in a regular geometric pattern. ___________2pt

32. This type of bond is between potassium atoms and fluorine atoms in the
a “salt substitute”. KF . ________________2pt –
K - type of element ________
F - type of element ________

33. This type of bond is found between hydrogen and oxygen atoms found in
methanol CH3OH (l) ________________2pt
O - type of element ________ Electronegativities _____
H - type of element ________ Electronegativities _____

34. This type of bond is found between silver atoms ( Ag ) in a silver chain. ________________2pt
Ag - type of element ________
Ag- type of element ________

35. What type of bond will form between hydrogen atoms and phosphorous atoms? ___________2pt
H - type of element ________
P- type of element ________