HI-TECH NDT INSPECTIONS SERVICES (S) PTE. LTD.

DOCUMENT TITLE

ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY INSPECTION PROCEDURE FOR

PIPE WELD JOINTS

DOCUMENT NUMBER

HT –PAUT-ASME-01

Description Name Signature

PREPARED
M.SATHIASEELAN
& PCN NDT LEVEL II-UT/PAUT
REVIEWED BY

S.ESWARAN
APPROVED BY ASNT NDT LEVEL III
RT/UT/MT/PT/ET/VT
TECHNICAL MANAGER
REVISION STATUS

S.No ISSUE NO REVISION No. DATE DESCRIPTION

1 1 0.0 20.04.2011 REVISED

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 PURPOSE
3
2.0 SCOPE
3
3.0 REFERENCES
3
4.0 ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY EXAMINATION EQUIPMENT
3
5.0 PHASED ARRAY INSTRUMENT LINEARITY
5
6.0 PHASED ARRAY PROBE ELEMENT OPERABILITY VERIFICATION
6
7.0 PHASED ARRAY SYSTEM CALIBRATION
6
8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
10
9.0 EXAMINATION COVERAGE AND SCANNING TECHNIQUE
11
10.0 RECORDING AND AMPLITUDE DETERMINATION
12
11.0 REPORT OF EXAMINATION
14
12.0 POST EXAMINATION CLEANING
15
13.0 DOCUMENTATION
15
APPENDICES
17
APPENDIX-1: PHASED ARRAY SCAN PLANS- FULL VOLUMETRIC COVERAGE PIPE TO PIPE
WELDS ....................................................................................................................................................................18
APPENDIX-2 : TYPICAL GRAPHICAL SCAN PLAN FOR PIPE WELDS...............................................................19
APPENDIX-3 : BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCK.............................................................................................................21
APPENDIX-4 : PHASED ARRAY CALIBRATION & QUALIFICATION BLOCK.....................................................22
APPENDIX-5 : ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA -ASME SEC VIII DIV.1.............................................................................23
APPENDIX- 6: SAMPLE PAUT INSPECTION REPORT.............................................................................................24

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1.0 PURPOSE
1.1 This procedure provides requirements for Semi-Automatic OR fully automated with
encoded Ultrasonic Examination of pipe welds and base materials using Phased
Array.
1.2 Project specific procedures complying with ASME Sec VIII DIV 1 requirements are
attached in the Appendices.

2.0 SCOPE
2.1 This procedure establishes the specific phased array ultrasonic examination
requirements that shall be used to examine Carbon & Alloy Steel pipe to pipe welds
prior to or after Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT).
2.2 This procedure is applicable for welds that are 8.0 mm and above in thickness with
outer diameter (OD) from 4 inch and above.
2.3 This procedure is designed to demonstrate the Olympus NDT Omni Scan Phased
Array System used in this procedure as qualified UT System in accordance with the
ASME Sec VIII DIV.1.
2.4 A non-blind test shall be used as a Performance Demonstration for the Omni Scan
Phased Array System.
2.5 The Phased Array Scan Plan for each demonstration is outlined in the Appendix 2 &4
with specific requirements for this job.

3.0 REFERENCES
3.1 ASME Sec VIII Division 1: Rules for construction of pressure vessel.
3.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article 4, Edition 2010.
3.3 ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31.3 (Latest Edition)
3.4 BV Rules Part B Ch 12 Section 1
3.5 HT-WP-01 (2010) - Company written practice for qualification and Certification of
NDE personnel.

4.0 ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAY EXAMINATION EQUIPMENT

4.1 The ultrasonic Phased Array instrument shall be an Omni Scan pulse echo type and shall
be equipped with a calibrated dB gain or attenuation control stepped in increments of 2 dB or
less. The Omni Scan contains 16 or 32 independent pulser/receiver channels. The system is
capable of generating and displaying sector scan images, which can be stored and recalled for
subsequent review.

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4.2 Phased Array Equipment details:

Equipment OMNI SCAN MX
Data Acquisition System Olympus - Omniscan MX
16:128PA & 32:128PA
Phased Array Software Omniscan MXU-2.0R12
PA Probe with cable 5L64- A12
llatesthigher
Wedge SA12-N55S SA12-N55S

4.3 Examination personnel may use a real-time sector scan (also called an S-Scan) image
during scanning to assure that proper data has been collected. Sector scan images contain
signal amplitude and reflector depth information projected for the refracted angle of the
ultrasonic beam. The Omni Scan Phased Array system provides a variety of analysis
capabilities including A-scan display and parameter readout associated with software
cursors. Images produced by B, C and Sectorial Scan images are a useful aid in evaluation.
4.4 The Omni Scan Phased Array system has on-board focal law generation software that
permits direct modification to ultrasonic beam characteristics. The Omni Scan Phased Array
System requires the use of an external storage device, or flash card or USB memory Stick. A
remote portable PC connected via Ethernet may be used for this purpose.
4.5 In addition to data storage, the PC will also be used by the Data Analysis Personnel for
analyzing data subsequent to the completion of data collection. Data display software
compatible to that residing on the Omni Scan Phased Array System will also be used on the
remote PC for data playback. Reference the manufacturer operating manuals for instrument
operation specifics.
4.6 Any control, which affects the instrument linearity (e.g., Reject) shall be in the off or
minimum position for instrument calibration, system calibration and examination.
4.7 If any control (e.g., filters, averaging, pulse duration, etc.) are used in calibration, then
these controls shall not be adjusted afterwards since they may affect the Omni Scan System
Calibration.
4.8 The Ultrasonic Phased Array System shall be calibrated for linearity in accordance with
Paragraph 5.0.
4.9 Ultragel II, Sonotrace 40, Sonatech, glycerine, diluted Wall paper paste, water or
equivalent may be used as couplant when performing calibrations and examinations.
4.10 The same couplant material used for calibration shall be used for examinations.
4.11 Ultrasonic transducer configurations are specified by the technique used for
examination. Linear Phased Array Probe configurations may include from 10 to 128 elements.
4.12 The Phased Array probe frequency shall be between 2 and 10 MHz depending
upon material type, thickness.
4.13 Phased Array Wedges should be of a design to accommodate the aforementioned
Phased Array Probes. Nominal refracted wedge angles shall be 45, 55, 60 or 70 degree to
ensure coverage of the weld and heat affected zone (HAZ).

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4.14 An encoder interfaced with the Phased Array instrument may be used to track the
Phased Array Probe movement. The encoder shall be calibrated by moving a minimum
distance of 500mm and the distance recorded shall be within +/- 1% of actual distance
moved. After the initial verification, further verification shall be performed not exceeding one
month from the first test and the same test shall be repeated.

5.0 PHASED ARRAY INSTRUMENT LINEARITY

5.1 Ultrasonic instrument linearity shall be verified at the beginning and end of each
series of examinations not to exceed 3 months.
5.2 The instrument linearity verification shall be recorded on the Ultrasonic Instrument
Linearity Verification (Form 1).

5.2.1 Screen Height Linearity

5.2.1.1 Position a search unit on a calibration block to obtain indications
from the two calibration reflectors.
5.2.1.2 Alternatively, a straight-beam search unit may be used on any
calibration block that will provide amplitude differences with
sufficient signal separation to prevent overlapping of the two signals.
5.2.1.3 Adjust the search unit position to give a 2:1 ratio between the two
indications, with the larger indication set at 80% of full screen height
(FSH) and the smaller indication at 40% of FSH.
5.2.1.4 Without moving the search unit set the larger indication to 100%
of FSH; record the amplitude of the smaller indication, estimated to
the nearest 1% of FSH.
5.2.1.5 Successively set the larger indication from 100% to 20% of FSH in
10% increments (or 2 dB steps if a fine control is not available);
observe and record the smaller indication estimated to the nearest 1%
of FSH at each setting. The reading must be 50% of the larger
amplitude within +5% of FSH.
5.2.2 AMPLITUDE CONTROL LINEARITY
5.2.2.1 Position a search unit on a calibration block to obtain maximum
amplitude from a calibration reflector.
5.2.2.2 As a minimum, the amplitude control linearity shall be performed
to document linearity at both ends of the gain range being used with
the equipment.
5.2.2.3 Without moving the search unit, set the indication to the required
percent of FSH and increase or decrease the dB as specified on the
Ultrasonic Instrument Linearity Verification (Form 1). The estimated
signal shall be recorded to the nearest 1% of FSH and shall fall within
the limits specified on Form 1.

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6.0 PHASED ARRAY PROBE ELEMENT OPERABILITY VERIFICATION

6.1 The Phased Array Probe shall be checked for element performance whenever the
examiner suspects an element operability problem. Each phased array probe must be
checked to determine each element’s ability to transmit and receive ultrasonic energy.
6.2 This Operability Verification verifies performance of each transmitter/receiver
module, and cable conductivity for each channel. Any Phased Array Probe that has
greater than 25% defective elements of the useable aperture should be replaced with a
new probe. However, if an effective calibration is performed then the probe may not
be considered defective.

7.0 PHASED ARRAY SYSTEM CALIBRATION

7.1 Calibration shall be performed from the surface of the calibration block which
corresponds to the component surface to be examined.
7.2 System calibration shall include the complete ultrasonic examination system. Screen
distance calibration shall be at least 1 and ½ vee paths for the minimum angle that will
be used during the examination, unless otherwise specified.
7.3 The system calibration information shall be recorded on the Ultrasonic Data Report
Form utilized in the Omni Scan. During scanning, only the gain may be adjusted from
the calibrated Reference dB. Adjustment of other controls shall require recalibration.

7.4 Focal law Verification

7.4.1 The transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves of a given angle of
incidence is a function of time delays calculated by focal laws using the
information provided to the phased array system. Verification that the
input information is correct and that the phased array system is working
properly must be checked.
7.4.2 Select the Angle Beam Cursor and adjust its position so that it displays A-
scan information for the 45 angle of refraction or the minimum angle that
will be used in the Sector Scan.
7.4.3 Using the 100mm radius on the IIW block, peak the signal shown on the A-
scan display. Note: Although the sector scan may indicate higher
amplitude responses from other angles, only use the A-scan response
associated with the45 angle of propagation.
7.4.4 Indicate on the transducer wedge, the beam exit point. This beam exit
location is only valid for the 45 angle of propagation.
7.4.5 Using the primary angle of beam refraction exit location, measure the
actual angle of propagation by peaking the response in the A-scan display
using the plexi-glass insert on the IIW block. Record the actual angle of
propagation as indicated on the IIW block using the beam exit point location.
7.4.6 If the measured angle of propagation is 45 +/- 2, then critical focal law
parameters are correct.

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7.4.7 If the measured angle of propagation is outside the allowable

tolerance(45 +/-2), then all transducer and setup parameters must be
reviewed for accuracy. If these parameters are correct, then check the shear
wave velocity value used for the material. If this is correct, then small
adjustments must be made to the transducer wedge velocity entry. If the
measured angle is too high, then the wedge velocity must be increased slightly,
and repeated. Similarly, if the measured angle is too low, then the wedge
velocity parameter must be lowered and repeated until the measured angle is
within tolerance.

7.5 Time Base Verification

7.5.1 Position the Angle Cursor and adjust its position so that it displays A-scan
information for the 45 angle of refraction.
7.5.2 Place the transducer so that reflections from both the 50 mm and 100 mm
radius reflectors on the IIW block are peaked and observed simultaneously on
the A-scan display.
7.5.3 Using the A-scan Cursors, measure the distance between the 50 mm and
100 mm signals. This result shall be 50 + 2.5mm.
7.5.4 If the measured separation between the signals is too large (greater than
52.5 mm), decrease the Shear Velocity parameter under the Part Setup Menu.
Similarly, if the measured distance is too short (less than 47.5 mm), increase the
velocity value. Repeat adjustment until an acceptable value is achieved.

7.5.5 With the transducer remaining in the peaked position, measure the metal
path of the 100 mm radius reflector using a cursor in the A-scan Display.

7.5.6 The value should measure to be 100 +/- 2.5 mm. If this measurement is
less than 97.5 mm, increase the value of the Delay parameter until the
measurement is correct. If this value is greater than 102.5 mm, decrease the
Delay parameter until the measurement is correct. The requirements for focal
law verification, time base verification and sensitivity adjustments are listed
below. Instrument linearity verification and ultrasonic beam spread is not
required.

7.5.7 As an alternative, other calibration blocks may be used to perform the Time
Base or Wedge Delay calibration.

7.6 Sensitivity And Wedge Delay Calibration

7.6.1 The Omni Scan shall be calibrated for Wedge Delay and Sensitivity.
7.6.2 The Wedge Delay Calibration shall be calibrated for True Depth with the
angles used in calibration.
7.6.3 The Sensitivity Calibration will provide the required gain adjustments for
each refracted angle and sound path used.
7.6.4 Select a calibration reflector which is approximately one half the
thicknesses of the component to be examined, or within the zone of material to
be examined.

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7.6.4.1 Peak up this signal from the calibration reflector and scan the
phased array probe backwards through all the different angles or focal
laws.
7.6.4.2 Scan forward over the calibration reflector through all the
refracted angles or focal laws.
7.6.4.3 The Omni Scan system will calculate the required gain needed at
each focal law to adjust the amount needed
7.7 A Time Corrected Gain (TCG) calibration shall be used to compensate for attenuation
in the material at the sound paths utilized during calibration and examination.
7.8 As an alternative, DAC may be used for electronic Scans (E-Scans) of specific angles,
e.g., 45, 60 or 70 degrees.
7.9 The examination system calibration may be stored in the Omni Scan System with
electronic memory or on an external chip or data storage device. This calibration may
be used at a later date provided the system calibration is verified prior to examination.
7.10 A complete Ultrasonic System Calibration shall be performed at least once prior to the
examination.

7.11 Temperature Requirements

The basic calibration block temperature shall be within 25 degrees F (14 deg. C) of the
component temperature.

7.12 System Calibration Verification

7.12.1 System calibration verification shall include the entire examination system.
Sweep range and TCG calibration shall be verified on the project specific
Qualification block under the following conditions:
7.12.2 Prior to and within 24 hours of the start of a series of examinations
7.12.3 With any substitution of the same type and length of search unit cable.
7.12.4 With any substitution of power utilizing the same type source (e.g., a
change of batteries)
7.12.5 At least every 12 hours during the examination.
7.12.6 At the completion of a series of examinations.
7.12.7 Whenever the validity of the calibration is in doubt.
7.12.8 A simulator block (e.g., IIW block, miniature DSC) may be used for the
entire exam system calibration verifications
7.12.9 The initial system calibration shall be made using a basic calibration block.
Whenever possible, the final system calibration verification should be made
using the basic calibration block.
7.12.10 CALIBRATION/QUALIFICATION BLOCKS FOR CODE CASE 181

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7.12.10.1 For the validation of calibration a project specific Qualification

block shall be made to meet the ASME SecV requirements. See
Appendix 5.
7.12.10.2 The procedure shall be demonstrated to perform acceptably on
this Qualification block with required reflectors in accordance with
ASME Code Case 181. The blocks shall be prepared by welding or
made from material having the same or equivalent ‘P’ number
grouping and having ultrasonically the same characteristics and shall
contain a minimum of three flaws, orientated to simulate flaws
parallel to the production weld’s fusion lines as follows.
i) One surface flaw on the side of the block representing
the pipe OD surface.
ii) One surface flaw on the side of the block representing
the pipe ID surface.
iii) One Subsurface flaw
7.12.10.3 In addition to the requirements of ASME Sec VIII, the blocks shall
also have side drill holes representing various zones in accordance
with Article 4 of ASME Section V
The minimum requirements of the reference blocks are the
following:
i) Shall be made of same material as the weld under inspection
with regard to sound, velocity, grain noise and surface
condition.
ii) The wall thickness shall be equal or up to 1” greater than the
nominal wall thickness of the weld under inspection.
iii) The width and the length scanning surface shall be adequate to
allow probe movement over the reference reflectors.
iv) The surface conditions shall be representative of the material
surfaces to be examined.
v) The block shall also be heat treated the same as the pipe to pipe
weld condition (if any).
vi) A dynamic calibration is performed on multiple reflectors
moving the probes from one end of the block to the other.

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7.13 System Calibration Changes

7.13.1 Perform the following if any point on the TCG decreases by 20% or 2 dB of
its amplitude, or any point on the sweep line has moved more than 10% of the
sweep division reading.
7.13.2 Void all examinations performed after the last valid calibration verification.
7.13.3 Conduct a new system calibration.
7.13.4 Repeat voided examinations.
7.13.5 Perform the following if any point on the TCG has increased more than
20% or 2 dB of its amplitude:
7.13.5.1 Correct the system calibration.
7.13.5.2 Re-examine all indications recorded since the last valid calibration
verification.
7.13.5.3 Enter proper values on the applicable forms.
7.14 Re-calibration
7.14.1 Any of the following conditions shall be cause for system recalibration:
7.14.1.1 Search unit transducer or wedge change
7.14.1.2 Search unit cable type or length change
7.14.1.3 Ultrasonic instrument change
7.14.1.4 Change in examination personnel
7.14.1.5 Couplant change
7.14.1.6 Change in type of power source

8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

8.1 Contact Surfaces - the finished contact surface should be free from weld spatter and
any roughness that would interfere with free movement of the search unit or impair
the transmission of ultrasonic vibrations.

8.2 Weld Surfaces - the weld surface should be free of irregularities that could mask or
cause reflections from defects to go undetected and should merge smoothly into the
adjacent base materials.

8.3 Conditions which do not meet these requirements shall be recorded as limitations on
the Ultrasonic Examination Data Report Form.
8.4 Testing of Base Material & Transverse Defects :
8.4.1 Following inspection shall be considered when appropriate prior to PA
scanning:

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8.4.2 Prior to PA inspection, the detection for lamination or inclusion in the base
material need not be foreseen, when this has already been carried out by
the plate manufacturer or the fabricator when plates are cut. However,
when laminar defects are suspected, the entire base metal through which
ultrasound must travel to test the weld shall be tested for laminar reflectors
using a straight-beam search unit.
8.4.3 To ensure the coverage for the detection of transverse defects, transverse
notches shall be introduced as depicted on the Qualification block (See
appendix4). These transverse notches (both Cap and the Root) shall be
detected by the PA technique during the calibration / validation exercise.
Satisfactory detection of the transverse notches will ensure sufficient
coverage.
8.4.4 Alternatively, manual scanning with shear waves 70° or 60° may be
substituted for the detection of transverse defects. The 70° or 60° angle
beam shall be directed essentially parallel to the weld axis. The search unit
shall be manipulated so that the ultrasonic energy passes through the
required volume of weld and adjacent base material. The search unit shall
be rotated 180 degree and the examination shall be repeated. Wherever,
the weld cap is not machined or ground flat, the examination shall be
performed from the base metal on both sides of the weld cap in both weld
axis directions.

9.0 EXAMINATION COVERAGE AND SCANNING TECHNIQUE

9.1 The specifics of the examination volume, weld identification and location shall be
identified in the Scan Plan.
9.2 The examination volume shall cover the weld metal and HAZ plus 6 mm minimum of
base material is examined from the toe of the weld. This area includes the heat
affected zone or HAZ.
9.3 The Scan Plan shall demonstrate by plotting or with using a computer simulation the
appropriate examination angles for the weld prep bevel angles (e.g., 35 to 60 degrees
or 55 to 70 degrees) that will be used during the examination. This Scan Plan shall be
documented to show the examination volume was examined. This Scan Plan shall be a
part of the Final Examination Report.
9.4 The Omni Scan may use Multi-Groups to establish Sector Scans and E-Scans for the
appropriate angles as identified in Paragraph 9.3 to ensure complete coverage of the
weld and heat affected zone.
9.5 To determine the required examination volume and scan area, profiles may be taken
on each weld. Profile data will consist of ultrasonic thickness measurements and
outside surface contours using a contour gage. Thickness measurements should be
taken at a maximum interval of approximately 1/4 inch and should cover the material
volume to be examined and recorded. The "T" dimension shall be the nominal wall
thickness. Alternatively, computer simulations with appropriate software can by used
to plot the Weld profile.

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9.6 Scanning shall be performed using a Line Scan Technique. Each Line scan shall be
parallel to the weld using a Sector Scan, (S-Scan) and/or Electronic Scan, (E-Scan).
9.7 Appropriate refracted angles as accepted by ASME will define the positions of the
arrays, and hence the angles. These should be detailed in the Ultrasonic Scan Plan.
9.8 A minimum of two (2) line scans shall be performed at two (2) different index points
from the center of the weld from both sides of the weld where practical to ensure
coverage of the weld and heat affected zone, (HAZ).
9.9 Scans shall be parallel to the weld at Skew 90° and 270° scan axes (where accessible).
9.10 Raster scanning will aid in Flaw Characterization.
9.11 The rate of search unit movement shall be limited to a maximum of 50 mm per second
for Pipe to pipe circumferential welds unless calibration has been verified at a higher
speed.
9.12 Perform the examination from both sides of the weld, where practical, or from one
side as a minimum. All examination volume limitations shall be documented on the
Ultrasonic Examination Data Report Form.
9.13 The entire examination volume comprising the weld and adjacent base metal shall be
examined with the beam parallel to the weld on either side of the weld where
accessible, in two directions, i.e., clockwise and counter clockwise. Phased Array
Wedges contoured to the radius of the pipe may be used in the examination to ensure
proper contact.
9.14 Full A-Scan & S-Scan data shall be recorded and stored when using encoders.

10.0 RECORDING AND AMPLITUDE DETERMINATION

10.1 Data shall be recorded in unprocessed form. A complete data set with no gating,
filtering, or threshold shall be included in the data record.
10.2 All reflectors that exceed 20% of DAC or TCG shall be investigated to the extent to
determine the type of reflector.
10.3 Indications that exceed 50% of DAC or TCG and determined to be of geometric or
metallurgical origin shall be recorded.
10.4 The position and location of indications shall be recorded.
10.5 Geometric Indication - Recordable ultrasonic indications, of geometric or metallurgical
origin, shall be classified as such. Weld reinforcement, root geometry or variations in
metallurgical structure of materials (such as cladding to base metal interface) may be
classified as geometric indications, and
10.5.1 Need not be characterized or sized.
10.5.2 Need not be compared to allowable flaw acceptance criteria.
10.5.3 The maximum length and location shall be recorded. For example: 100mm
length, one inch above the weld centre line, on the inside surface, from 90 to 95
degrees.
10.6 The following steps shall be taken in order to classify an indication to be of geometric
or metallurgical origin:

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10.6.1 Interpret the area containing the reflector in accordance with the applicable
examination instruction;
10.6.2 Plot and verify the reflector coordinates, provide a cross-sectional display
showing the reflector position and surface discontinuity such as root or
counter bore.
10.6.3 Review fabrication or weld prep drawings when accessible.
10.6.4 All recordable indications shall be resolved to determine the shape,
identity, and location of the reflector. Final evaluation and disposition of the
indication is the responsibility of owner/user of the component to be
examined.
10.6.5 Amplitude Determination - Signal amplitude shall be measured as a
percent of the calibrated DAC or TCG.
10.6.6 The appropriate Code or Specification shall be used to determine final
acceptance of the weld inspection using the Omni Scan.

10.7 Flaw Sizing

10.7.1 Reflectors determined to be flaws shall be sized in accordance with a
procedure demonstrated to size similar flaws at similar material depths.
Alternatively, a flaw may be sized by manual techniques that have been
demonstrated on the calibration block
10.7.2 LENGTH - The length of the flaw shall be drawn parallel to the inside
pressure retaining surface.
10.7.3 HEIGHT (DEPTH) - the depth of the flaw as the dimension drawn normal
to the inside pressure retaining surface
10.7.4 DEPTH - The true depth of an indication is the dimension measured from
OD surface of the pipe to the top of the indication.

10.8 Flaw Evaluation

10.8.1 Flaws shall be evaluated in accordance with Appendix 12 of Section VIII,
Division 1.

10.9 Repair weld

10.9.1 All Indication identified by Phased Array and checked by manual UT and
found not acceptable in accordance with applicable code will have to be
repaired and re-checked. After repair, a length of weld (each side of the repair)
equal to 500 mm shall be also reexamined.
11.0 REPORT OF EXAMINATION
11.1 The following items shall be reported in the examination report and this report shall
be retained for a period of 5 years.
a) Procedure identification and revision;

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b) Ultrasonic instrument identification(including manufacturer's serial

number);
c) Search unit(s) identification (including manufacturer's serial number,
frequency and size);
d) Beam angle(s) used;
e) Couplant used, brand name or type;
f) Search unit cable(s) used, type and length;
g) Special equipment when used (search units, wedges, shoes, automatic
scanning equipment, recording equipment, etc.);
h) Computerized program identification and revision when used;
i) Calibration block identification;
j) Simulation block(s) and electronic simulator(s), identification when
used;
k) Instrument reference level gain and, if used, damping and reject
setting(s);
l) Calibration data [including reference reflector(s), indication
amplitude(s). and distance reading(s)];
m) Data correlating simulation block(s) and electronic simulator(s), when
used with initial calibration;
n) Identification and location of weld or volume scanned;
o) Surface(s) from which examination was conducted, including surface
condition;
p) Map or record of rejectable indications or non-rejectable indications
with >=50% reference level detected or area cleared;
q) Areas of restricted access or inaccessible welds;
r) Examination personnel identity and, when required by referencing
Code Section, qualification level;
s) Date of examination;
11.2 A table of all investigated indications shall be provided in a report which includes
location and all analysis criteria (See Appendix 5 for Phased Array summary report
format).
11.3 The final data package shall be reviewed by a UT level III individual. The review shall
include:
a) The ultrasonic data record
b) Data interpretations
c) Flaw evaluations /characterizations performed by another qualified Level II or III
individual. The data review may be performed by another individual from the
same organization.
12.0 POST EXAMINATION CLEANING

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The remaining couplant shall be wiped from the surface at the completion of the
examination.

13.0 DOCUMENTATION
13.1 Results of ultrasonic examination shall be reported on the PA UT Report Form shown
in the appendix. All Phased Array examination data for each recordable indication, A-
scans, B, C, and S Scans shall be saved as a Report File and recorded on a CD/DVD.
13.2 The examiner shall record the results of the examination on the PA Summary Report
from (Appendix 6). All recordable indications shall be documented on the
examination report. All blocks should be completed with the appropriate data or
"NA".
13.3 The Ultrasonic Scan Plan, Ultrasonic Calibration, and Ultrasonic Instrument Linearity
verification (if required) shall be considered part of the examination report.

SAMPLE ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENT LINEARITY VERIFICATION - FORM

ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENT LINEARITY VERIFICATION

INSTRUMENT MANUFACTURER MODEL NUMBER RECORD NO.

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CALIBRATION BLOCK NO. INITIAL DATE FINAL DATE

SCREEN HEIGHT
AMPLITUDE CONTROL LINEARITY
LINEARITY
INSTRUMENT WITH INDICATION dB INDICATION ACTUAL % OF FULL SCREEN **
FINE dB CONTROL LIMITS % OF FULL
SET AT % OF CONTROL SCREEN
CHANGE HI GAIN LOW GAIN
FULL SCREEN SETTING
SETTING
FIRST SECOND INITIAL FINAL INITIAL FINAL
SIGNAL
SIGNA IN %
L IN % * ____dB ____dB ____dB ____dB

100 100
90 90
80 -6Db 32 TO 48
80 40 80 40
70 80 -12 Db 16 TO 24 70 80 -12 Db
60 60
50 40 +6 Db 64 TO 96 50 40 +6 Db
40 40
30 20 +12 dB 64 TO 96 30 20 +12 dB
20 20
*READING MUST BE 50% OF FIRST SIGNAL AMPLITUDE WITHIN 5% OF FULL SCREEN HEIGHT.

COMMENTS:

INSPECTOR CERT LEVEL DATE SUPV/LEVEL III REVIEW

INSPECTOR CERT LEVEL DATE DATE

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX-1 : PHASED ARRAY SCAN PLANS- FULL VOLUMETRIC COVERAGE PIPE TO PIPE WELDS

PHASED ARRAY SCAN PLAN - PIPE TO PIPE WELDS

Index Offset (mm)

S.No Freq. No.of
WT Weld Probes & Angle Angle First Last Focus
1 ID (mm) No.of PA Groups Technique (Mhz Elements
(mm) Seam Wedges Coverage Step Element Element Depth (mm)
) used Skew 90° Skew
(-) 270° (+)
50° -70°
S.No Pipe to G1 Sectorial 1° 16 1 64 50 mm 12 12
5L64A12+SA SW
2 Various 12 mm pipe 5
12-N55S-IHC 45°-65°
weld G2 1° 16 40 55 50 mm 12 12
Sectorial SW
50° -70°
G1 Sectorial 0.5° 16 44 61 50 mm 9 9
9.53 5L64A12+SA12 SW
5
mm -N55S-IHC
G2 Linear 1° 16 31 N.A 50 mm 9 9
60°

Note:

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APPENDIX-2 : TYPICAL GRAPHICAL SCAN PLAN FOR PIPE TO PIPE

WELDS

I) Scanning From OD

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Phased Array Probe Details

Wedge: SA12-N55S-IHC
Primary Height 1st Widt
Velocity Length Angle
Offset Element h

40m
2.33mm/µs 56.8mm 11.02mm 68.53mm 36o
m

Transducer: 5L64-A12
Total Aperture: 38.4mm Number of Elements: 64 Element Pitch: 0.6mm

Sectorial Beamset (Group-1)

Law Config.: sectorial Wave

Type: Shear First Min Max Angle Focus
Element Angle Angle Steps Depth
Element
Qty
16 41 50o 70o 1.00o 50mm

Sectorial Beamset (Group-2)

Law Config.: Sectorial Wave Type:

Shear First Min Max Angle Focus
Element Angle Angle Steps Depth
Element
Qty
16 47 45o 65o 1.0o 50mm

APPENDIX-3 : PIPING CALIBRATION BLOCK

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APPENDIX-4 : QUALIFICATION BLOCK- DIMENSIONS OF

QUALIFICATION REFLECTORS

75 mm

Side drilled Hole ID Notch OD Notch

Weld CL
Length=38 mm, size=2.5 mm
Length=38 mm, size=2.5 mm

CL

T/4 Side drilled Hole

T/2 Side drilled Hole

19 mm
3T/4 Side drilled Hole

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APPENDIX- 5 : ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA – ASME B 31.3

APPENDIX 12

APPENDIX -6 PAUT INSPECTION SAMPLE REPORT

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