MATHEMATICS WITHOUT BORDERS

AGE GROUP 9

WINTER 2018

Problem 1. If a < 0 and 𝑎 = 2𝑎, calculate 𝑎 + 𝑎 .

A) −4√2 B) −12√2 C) 3 − 12√2 D) another answer

Problem 2. How many irrational numbers are there in the sequence below?
√3, √5, … , √2015, √2017

A) 1008 B) 998 C) 987 D) 21

Problem 3. The triangle ABC is an isosceles triangle with a base АВ = 10 cm and ∡ 𝐵𝐴𝐶 =
30 . How many cm is the sum of the distances from point М on the base to the legs of this
triangle?
A) 4 B) 5 C) 10 D) 12

Problem 4. How many points (x, y) have positive integers as their coordinates, and
2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4 ≤ 0?
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) more than 2

Задача 5. Two boys are playing the following game: each boy takes a turn in taking 1, 2, 3 or
4 sweets out of a box of 14 sweets. The one who eats the last sweet is the winner. How many
sweets should the first player take at his first turn in order to secure a chance at winning the
game regardless of the turns of the second player?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

Problem 6. Let А be a natural number, such that the equation (𝑥 − 𝐴)(𝑥 − 2) + 1 = 0 has
two different real roots. What is the smallest value of А?
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 7

1
Problem 7. Each one of 6 girls and each one of n boys own the same number of balls, that is
𝑛 + 4𝑛 + 7 in total. How many balls do the girls own?
A) 72 B) 156 C) 361 D) 228

Problem 8. The legs АС and ВС of the right-angled triangle АВС have lengths of 24 cm and
10 cm respectively. The point L is on the hypotenuse АВ, and СL is the bisector of the triangle
АВС. Calculate the sum of the distances from the point L to the legs of the triangle.
A) 14 B) 14,5 C) 15 D) another answer
Problem 9. Calculate 𝑎 − 𝑏, if

2 − √3 = 𝑎√2 + 𝑏 √6.
A) −1 B) 0 C) 1 D) −2
Problem 10. We are given the right-angled triangle ABC. A circle with a radius of 1 cm has
been inscribed in the triangle. A straight line has been drawn through the center of the circle
and it intersects the legs AC and BC at the points M and N. Calculate the smallest possible
value of the area of the triangle MNС in sq. cm.

A) 0.25 𝑐𝑚 B) 0.5 𝑐𝑚 C) 1 𝑐𝑚 D) 2 𝑐𝑚

Problem 11. The following equality is true for only one real number 𝛼 and for two numbers a
(𝑎 − 1)𝛼 − 2(𝑎 + 1)𝛼 + 𝑎 + 1 = 0.
What is the number а?

Problem 12. The following figure has been made up of 19 line segments, each with a length
of 1 cm.

How many routes with a length of 11 cm can lead us from the top left corner to the bottom
right corner of the figure if none of the segments is used twice?
DBEF?

Problem 13. If АD : DB = 3 : 2 and CE : EB = 1 : 3, what part of the area of the triangle АВС
is the area of the colored part DBEF?

2
 C

E
F

A B
D

Problem 14. If
𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐 ) ,
𝑏 = (𝑐 − 𝑎 ) ,
𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑏 )
calculate the greatest possible value of а + b + c.

Problem 15. An isosceles triangle has a leg with a length of 2 cm and an area of 1 sq.cm. If
the base is the largest side of the triangle, find the angle at the base of this triangle.

Problem 16. How many natural numbers are co-prime to the number 29 while being smaller
than it?

Problem 17. If 𝑥 + 2018𝑥 + 2017𝑥 + 2018 ≡ (𝑥 + 𝐴𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝐵),

calculate B − A.

Problem 18. If а, b and c are positive numbers, such that

𝑎 +𝑏 =𝑐 ,
how many of the expressions below are positive numbers?
𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐 ; 𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐 ; 𝑎 +𝑏 −𝑐
Problem 19. How many natural numbers х are there, for which 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑔(1 + 9𝑥 )?
Hint: If 𝑦 ≥ −1 , the inequality (1 + 𝑦) ≥ 1 + 𝑛𝑦 would be true for each natural number n
(Jacob Bernoulli’s Inequality).
Problem 20. The groups
(1), (2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16), …
are made up of natural numbers. Each group ends with the square of the group’s number.
What is the sum of the numbers in group 21?