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Welcome to the ABB MV Drives Product Overview course, Product Overview training module.
If you need help navigating this module, please click the Help button in the top right corner. To view the
presenter notes as text, please click the Notes button in the bottom right corner.
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Course Objectives
Prerequisites
This module is designed for people who have already completed the listed training modules and have
basic knowledge of electronics.
If you are unfamiliar with some terms or keywords, you may find a list of terminology and links at the
end of this presentation.
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Course Outline
Product Overview
ABB MV Drives Features and Selection
Examination
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 4 -
Modules’ Objectives
– MEGADRIVE-LCI
After completing this “Product Overview” module, you will be able to:
•Understand & explain to others ABB MV Drives product portfolio
•Understand & explain to others power & voltage ranges, topologies, features & differences of the
following product families:
– ACS 1000
– ACS 5000
– ACS 6000
– MEGADRIVE-LCI
Help
MV Drives are not stand-alone products and need to be integrated into a drive system, which consists
of an actual load, a motor, the Variable-Speed-Drive (VSD), a VSD transformer and an input contactor
(or Main-Circuit-Breaker) and other VSD system components. The ABB MV Drives key competence is
the provision of the VSD itself and VSD options (e.g. I/Os for motor & trafo supervision, contactor for
motor space heaters, etc.). Upon demand the ABB MV Drives factory, local ABB sales units or
authorized Channel Partners can provide other drive system components to customers.
Different expressions for VSDs are used these days. Commonly known interchangeable terms for
VSDs are: converter, drive, variable-frequency drive (VFD), adjustable speed drive (ASD) or VSD.
During this course we will use VSD.
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MV Drives Applications
Power Pulp & Paper Water & Waste Water Special applications,
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MV Drives are mainly used in the following industries for different applications:
•Cement, Mining & Minerals; Chemical, Oil & Gas; Marine; Metals; Power, Pulp & Paper, Water &
Waste Water or special applications such as wind tunnels or sugar mills.
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Applications
Blowers & fans
Conveyors
Compressors
Crushers, rolling mills
Extruders, mixers
Marine propulsion
Mine hoists
Pumps
Refiners
Gas & hydro turbine starters
Soft starters for large machines
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 8 -
Variable Speed Drives (VSDs) can be used for many different applications. About 90% of all drives are
used for pumps, fans or compressors applications.
Other possible applications are:
•Conveyors
•Crushers, rolling mills
•Extruders, mixers
•Marine propulsion
•Mine hoists
•Refiners
•Gas & hydro turbine starters
•Soft starters for large machines
•Test stands, wind tunnels
Help
ABB has the most extensive and flexible MV Drives product portfolio of all suppliers. Therefore ABB
can provide the right product fit for almost any customer application.
•A power range from 300 kW up to 100 MW
•Big power range overlap from 2 to 5 MW between air- & water-cooled
•Big motor voltage overlap in the power range of 2 to 5 MW
•Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs) or Load Commutated Inverters (LCIs) for high-power drive
applications > 10 MW
•MEGADRIV LCI –starters for gas-turbines and large synchronous machines
•ACS 6000 for special, demanding and dynamic applications, e.g. rolling mills, marine propulsion, mine
hoists, extruders,..
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The ABB product portfolio leaflet provides a good basic overview of product descriptions, main
characteristics and features and suitable applications. The updated version is always accessible on the
web (www.abb.com/motors&drives).
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ACS 5000
Cooling: air / water
Power range: 2 – 24 MW
transformer
ABB’s standard MV Drives are ACS 1000 & ACS 5000. These drives can be used for 90% of all MV
Drives applications worldwide.
•Key customer benefits are: safety, motor- & line-side friendliness, reliability, efficiency
•Over a broad overlap customer can choose between integrated or non-integrated transformer solutions
and air- or water cooled VSDs
Help
Water Cooled
From 2 MVA
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 12 -
The ACS 1000 product family is available for 2.3, 3.3 and 4 kV motor voltage. Dependent on the motor
voltages, the ACS 1000 is available up to 2 MW with forced air cooling and up to 5 MW with forced
water cooling. The ACS 1000 is segmented in 3 different power frame sizes for air and water cooling.
The ACS 1000 can also be used for higher motor voltages. Up to 6.9 kV in stator-winding star-
configuration motors can be reconnected to delta, which results then, for 6.9 kV, in a converter voltage
of 4 kV. For motors up to 6.9kV with star-connected stator windings, the stator windings can be
reconnected to delta configuration. The motor can then be operated at 4kV with the same performance
and ratings. However, special attention needs to be paid and support from the MV Drives factory in
Switzerland is required; in particular if the application has to be operated below 5 Hz, the starting torque
is higher than 30% of nominal torque and high dynamic behavior is needed.
Help
I>> Prot
MV AC
Induction
Motor
•The inverter part of the ACS 1000 is a 3-level VSI topology with a sine-wave filter at the inverter output.
•The line-side of the ACS 1000 consists of a 12-pulse diode rectifier. Optionally the ACS 1000 can also
be equipped with a 24-pulse rectifier, which is only required for very weak networks.
•The DC Link consists of environmentally friendly, long lasting self-healing capacitors and protection
IGCTs, which are part of the fuseless concept.
•The robust 3-level inverter is using IGCT semiconductors and provides a 5-level phase-to-phase motor
voltage. Even for motor powers up to 5 MW only 12 Inverter-IGCTs are needed!
•Along with a 3-level output inverter and a grounded sine-wave filter the ACS 1000 delivers a sinusoidal
output-waveform and no common-mode-voltages are exposed to the motor. Therefore any new or
existing motor can be driven by the ACS 1000.
Help
Let’s have a look inside the ACS 1000 air cooled drive; from left to right:
•In the left most section are the input/output cable terminals and control electronics. The medium
voltage compartment is encapsulated so the control cabinet can be opened even during operation
•The sine filter choke
•The diode rectifier & protection IGCTs
•The cooling fan
•The inverter, each of the 3 stacks is representing one phase
•The DC link and and sine-filter capacitors
Help
Apart from the control & terminal section, the mechanical design of the air and water cooled ACS 1000
is different. Let’s have a look inside the ACS 1000 water cooled drive; from left to right:
•Control & cable terminal section
•Output filter for smooth sinusoidal current and voltage waveform
•Water-cooled inverter stacks on swing frame for easy accessibility
•Water Cooling unit on the extreme right
Help
Input
isolator
Inverter
Cable terminal
section
DC and sine
filter caps
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 16 -
The ACS 1000 is also available with an integrated transformer up to 2 MW motor power. So, dependent
on the application and customer preference, ABB can offer an integrated or non-integrated solution, i.e.
the input transformer, input isolator and transformer protection are integrated in the VSD cabinet. For
60-Hz a complete 3 wires in and out solution is available, i.e. an input-contactor and auxiliary power
transformer can be optionally integrated in the VSD. The mechanical drive set-up of the ACS 1000i is
the following:
•Input isolator for safe de-energization
•Cable terminal section
•24-pulse diode input bridge
•5-winding input isolation transformer
•Inverter stacks like in ACS 1000 air cooled
•DC and sine filter capacitors
•Control electronics on a swing-frame for easy access
Help
Water Cooled
22 500 kW
Air cooled
6 800 kW
4 000 kW
2 000 kW
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 17 -
The ACS 5000 product family is available for 6.0 to 6.9 kV motor voltages. Depending on the motor
voltage and motor type the ACS 5000 is available up to 7 MW with forced air-cooling and up to 24 MW
with forced water cooling. The ACS 5000 can also be used for 4 kV motor voltage, however this leads
to a derating of the motor power.
Higher motor voltages up to 11.9 kV are only possible after star-delta reconnection of the motor. In
contrast to ACS 1000, step-up solutions are not possible!
Help
V
=
6k
4. 1
- in Delta configuration
4.16kVAC
with 5.5kV IGCT
- in Star configuration
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
kV
=
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6.9kVAC
6.9
The ACS 5000 is a 5-level (9-level phase to phase motor voltage) Voltage-Source Inverter. It reuses
ABB’s proven 3-level IGCT building blocks. The upper picture displays a 3-level IGCT inverter as used
by ABB for ACS 1000 and ACS 6000.
The lower picture illustrates the inverter topology of the ACS 5000. Eeach of the three inverter phases
has its own DC-Link, which is connected to a H-bridge configuration of the 3-level IGCT building blocks.
Help
DC+
NP
DC-
common
rail DC+
NP
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
DC-
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This slide illustrates how the rated output voltage of 6.9 kV can be achieved by using ACS Power-
Electronic-Building-Block (PEBB) technology, rated for voltages up to 4 kV:
This picture schematically shows two of the three inverter phase modules of the ACS 5000. Each
inverter phase module consists of two 3-level IGCT legs. One common rail phase and one motor
phase. Depending on the output voltages of the common-rail phases and the motor phases, a defined
motor voltage is achieved. That results in 5 different output voltages per motor phase or 9 different
output voltages motor phase to motor phase.
Help
This slide shows how a 9.75 kV ( 6.9 kV * SQRT(2) ) motor phase to phase voltage in the ACS 5000 is
achieved. On the right hand side the motor phase to phase voltage is displayed, based on the switching
state of the inverter phases.
In this example
• one common rail phases is switched to a “+”-voltage,
• one common rail phases is switched to a “-”-voltage,
• one motor voltage phase switched to “+”
• and one motor voltage phase is switched to “-”
Help
– 3 x 12-pulse bridges
UPS Power
DC link
Supply
COU
– 3 separate DC links
Auxiliaries
Three 3-level inverter units
Control
– H-bridge configuration
EMC-filter (dv/dt limitation at
output)
–
Permanent Magnet
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Motor 1U 1V 1W
IM
Options for
control Interface:
T
- Tacometer
- Winding Temp /FLT/Alarm
- Bearing Supervision /FLT/Alarm
- Cond. Water Det.
- Space Heater FB
- Cooling Fans FB
• The VSD consists of 3 * 12 –pulse diode rectifier bridges, which result in a 36-pulse configuration
• The 36-pulse transformer can either consist of a single transformer or two 18-pulse transformers.
There are two basic transformer configurations possible.
1. An integrated dry type solution up to 3.8 MW motor power
2. An External one tank solution, which means the two 18-pulse transformers are incorporated in the
same housing
• The 3 VSI DC link consists, as in the ACS 1000 and the ACS 6000, of environmentally friendly self-
healing foil capacitors
• The inverter unit consists, described before, of 3 phase modules with 3-level inverter units in a “H-
bridge configuration”
• An EMC-filter, which limits the dv/dt output, along with the 9-level phase-to-phase voltage ensures
that the ACS 5000 can drive standard motors
Help
2.86 m
2.86 m
3.3 m
er ter
Conv
1.
3.3 m 2.7 m
1
m
1.
1
r
forme
m
Trans
ACS 5000 ACS 5000 integrated
Frame 1: up to 3.5 MVA / 6.9 kV Frame 1-T2: up to 3.5 MVA / 6.9 kV
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
The ACS 5000 air cooled drive is extremely compact. Up to 3.5 MVA the converter has a length of only
3.3 meters and the integrated transformer solution only 6 meter. All other dimension data is displayed.
Help
Three phases
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 23 -
Let’s have a look inside the ACS 5000 air cooled VSD, from the left to the right:
•In the very left section are the input/output cable terminals and control electronics. The medium voltage
compartment is encapsulated so the control cabinet can be opened even during operation
•The middle section incorporates the 3 phases, each equipped with 12-pulse rectifier, dc-link and 2
inverter stacks
•The DC capacitors are located in the right most
•The optional integrated transformer is incorporated in an extra cabinet, as displayed in previous slide.
•Cooling-fans are located on the top of the VSD
Help
DC Link
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Output cables
(motor)
LSU
INU
Input cables (transformer)
Let’s have a look inside the ACS 5000 Water Cooled drive, from left to right:
•Like in the ACS 5000 air cooled, the 3 horizontal compartments represent the 3 motor phases. Each
compartment incorporates:
• The input cable terminals section on the left
• A Line-Supply-Unit, representing the rectifier part
• The DC link capacitors,
• An Inverter-Unit (INU), representing the 5-level IGCT inverter
•Next to the INU modules is the control section
•Followed by the output cable terminal unit
•In the right most section we can find the water-cooling unit
Help
Power range: 3 – 27 MW
MEGADRIVE-LCI
Cooling: air / water
The ACS 6000 & MEGADRIVE-LCI Product families are drives for specific industries & applications.
Commonalities of these different products are:
•Application specific engineered solution
•Often used for high power ratings (> 10 MVA)
•Regenerative breaking possible
•Multidrive in case of ACS 6000
Help
Motor
DC (NP)
DC (-)
Supply EMC Filter Phase modules Clamping circuit Clamping circuit Phase modules EMC Filter
transformer or
Reenforced INU
EMC Filter Inverter Unit
(IFU)
Motor
AC DC DC
DC AC AC
Clamping circuit Phase modules EMC Filter
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 26 -
M M
With ARU supply max 4 motors
With LSU supply max 5 Motors
The ACS 6000 is based on a 3-level VSI inverter topology with IGCT technology. This VSD can drive
applications from 3 to 27 MVA motor power at 3.0 to 3.3 kV motor voltage. This picture illustrates the
single-line diagram for an ACS 600 multidrive. It contains a Active-Rectifier-Unit, i.e. regenerative
option, a common DC-link and two inverters driving independently two motors.
The distinguishing characteristics about the ACS 6000 are:
• Very high motor control dynamics (torque step rises in the range of 1 to 5 milliseconds)
• Optimized design for rolling mills, marine propulsion, mine hoists, extruder and high power pump,
fan or compressor applications.
• Multidrive functionality, which means the VSD can operate multiple motors (up to 4 or 5 induction or
synchronous motors) at the same time both in breaking- and motor operation
• Modular design concept to provide application optimized solution. Depending on the required
application, selected modules are connected to 1 VSD line-up. In specific applications like rolling
mills more than 1 VSD line-ups might be required to drive an application.
• Many engineered solutions available.
Help
IFU
ARU
LSU
EXU
INU
Pre-defined
interfaces
for power,
cooling &
Power control
Stack(s) connections
CBU
WCU
COU
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
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The displayed VSD modules can be connected together and result in a wide range of different VSD
solutions, which are called “Line-Ups”. This is possible because of pre-defined power, cooling & control
interfaces. The following modules are available:
• INU (Inverter-Unit): Contains 3 IGCT phase stacks (5, 7, 9 & 11 MVA units currently available)
• LSU (Line-Supply-Unit): 12- or 24-pulse-diode rectifier
• ARU (Active-Rectifier-Unit): Alternatively to LSU, an ARU is available, which is identical to the
INU module
• IFU (Input-Filter-Unit): In combination with ARU module for demanding harmonic
requirements
• Other modules are: CBU (Capacitor-Bank-Unit), WCU (Water-Cooling-Unit), COU (Control-
Unit), TEU (Terminal-Unit), EXU (Excitation-Unit)
Help
COU ARU ARU CBU INU INU INU INU WCU EXU
#1 #2
#1 #2 #3 #4
The drive module can be combined in a simple Single-Drive application or a complex multidrive
solution. The following example shows to configuration with 2 ARU units and 4 motors, out of which one
is a synchronous machine.
Help
Let’s have a look inside the ACS 6000 single drive, from left to right:
•The Line-Supply-Unit with a 12- or 24-pulse diode rectifier bridge
•The Terminal & Control Unit with the cable terminal at the back of the control swing-frame
•The Inverter unit with the three PEBB (Power-Electronic Building Blocks). Each PEBB represents one
phase and is available at different power ratings
•The Capacitor Bank Unit for smoothing the intermediate DC voltage
•The Water Cooling Unit supplies the closed cooling system with deionized water for the main power
components
Help
MEGADRIVE-LCI
MEGADRIVE-LCI Applications
LOAD
Adjustable speed LCI.DR MACHINE
n = var.
LOAD
SYM soft starting LCI.SO MACHINE
n = const.
GAS
GT starting LCI.ST TURBINE
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
All rights reserved. - 31 -
Air outlet
Control cubicle
- control panel
Air-cooled
DC reactor
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
MEGADRIVE-LCI drives are project engineered solutions and do have varying physical design. One
example of an air-cooled MEGADRIVE_LCI is shown here, let’s have a look inside from the left to the
right:
•Air-cooled DC reactor
•Air-outlet
•Transformer cable connection section with
• Power terminals
• And Current transformer (CT) and potential transformer (PT)
•Air-cooled converter with
• Air-cooled thyristor stacks
• Fans
•Motor cable connection section
•Control cubicle with the control panel
Help
Control cubicle
-Control panel
-Excitation
Water-cooled converter
Water-cooled -water-cooled thyristor
DC reactor stacks
-water-cooled thyristor
© Copyright 11/1/2007 ABB.
-motor cable
stacks
All rights reserved. - 33 -
One example of a water-cooled MEGADRIVE-LCI is shown here, let’s have a look inside a water
cooled MEGADRIVE-LCI Drive, from the left to the right:
•The Water Cooling Unit
•Water-cooled thyristor stacks along with the transformer cable connection section
•Water-cooled DC reactor
•Water-cooled thyristor stacks along with the motor cable connection section
•Control cubicle with contral panel & excitation unit
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Summary