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WORKSHEET 16

HEAT (1)

1. Define heat. State its S.I. unit. (3 marks)


ANS: Heat is a form of energy that flows from a hot body to a cold body. SI unit: joule (J)

2. Distinguish between heat and temperature. (4 marks)


ANS:
CATEGORY HEAT TEMPERATURE
Form of energy that flows from a hot Degree of hotness or coldness of a
Definition
body body
S.I. unit joule (J) kelvin (K)
Measurement Using principle of calorimetry Using a thermometer
Kinetic and potential energy of the Average kinetic energy of the
Depends on
molecules in an object molecules in an object

3. Draw a neat labelled diagram of a thermometer. (4 marks)


ANS

4. Fill in the blanks (5 x 1 = 5 marks) –


a. Heat is measured using the principle of calorimetry
b. Temperature depends on the kinetic energy of the molecules of an object.
c. If the molecules of an object vibrate faster, the temperature of the object rises.
d. The Fahrenheit scale has 180 divisions between the ice point and steam point.
e. Mercury is a thermometric liquid.

5. Which of the below thermometers – A or B – is showing a temperature of 8°C? (1 mark)

ANS: Thermometer B
6. The temperature of a place was 2°C. Depict this temperature value by shading the
below thermometer. (1 mark)

ANS:

7. Shanti bought some frozen food. The shopkeeper asked her to store the food in -12°C to keep it
from spoiling. She checked the temperature of her freezer using a thermometer whose reading
was as shown in the below diagram. Is the temperature suitable for storing the frozen food she
bought? (1 mark)

ANS: The thermometer reading is -8°C which is a greater temperature than -12°C. Thus the
freezer temperature is unsuitable for storing the frozen food bought by her.

8. Observe the below diagram and answer the questions asked. (2 marks)

a. Which of the below thermometers – A or B – is labelled at 2°C intervals? ANS: “B”


b. Which thermometer shows a higher temperature? ANS: “A”
9. Mark true or false (5 x 1 = 5 marks) –

a. In the above diagram, thermometer “E” shows a lower temperature. False


b. Heat energy flows from a cold body to a hot body. False
c. The S.I. unit of heat is joule (J). True
d. The Centigrade or Celsius has 100 divisions. True
e. The steam point in the Fahrenheit scale is 212°F. True

10. Give the scientific word for the following - (4 marks)


a. The degree of hotness or coldness of a body. Temperature
b. The CGS unit of heat. erg
c. The total amount of kinetic and potential energy possessed by an object. Thermal
energy or total internal energy
d. The temperature (as per kelvin scale) where all molecular activity ceases/ stops.
Absolute zero

11. The temperature of the sun is 5778 K. What is the corresponding value in the Celsius and
Fahrenheit scale? (4 marks)
ANS: K = 5778 K
C = K – 273 (1 mark)
 C = 5778 – 273 = 5505 °C
C = 5505 °C (1 mark)
C/5 = (F – 32) /9 (1 mark)
 5505/5 = (F - 32) / 9
 1101 = (F – 32) /9
 1101 x 9 = (F – 32)
 9909 = F – 32
 F = 9909 + 32
 F = 9941 °F (1 mark)
12. Tori wanted to bake a cake. The instructions says to bake the cake at 356 °F. However, her oven
only has Celsius readings marked on it. What temperature setting should Tori set her oven to
bake her cake? (3 marks)
ANS: F = 356 °F
C/5 = (F – 32)/9 (1 mark)
 C/5 = (356 – 32) / 9 (1 mark)
 C/5 = (324)/9
 C/5 = 36
 C = 36 x 5
 C = 180 °C (1 mark)

13. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of water when it is heated from
280 K to 310 K? Give reason for your answer. (2 marks)
ANS: The average kinetic energy increases with the increase in temperature. This is because with
increasing temperature, the molecules begin to vibrate faster leading to an increase in their
overall kinetic energy.

14. At what temperature are the Celsius and Fahrenheit scale equal? (3 marks)
ANS: Let the temperature be “x” in both Celsius and Fahrenheit scale.
i.e. C = F = x
Thus, C/5 = (F – 32) / 9 (1 mark)
 x/5 = (x – 32)/9
 9x/5 = (x – 32)
 9x = 5 (x – 32)
 9x = 5x – 160
 9x – 5x = -160
 4x = -160
 x = -160/4
 x = -40 (1 mark)

Thus -40 °C is equal to -40 °F. (1 mark)

15. Meera is packing her bags to travel to Male. The temperature Male was found to be 95 °F. Should
Meera pack her sweaters? Give reason for your answer. (3 marks)
ANS: F = 95 °F
C/5 = (F – 32) / 9 (1 mark)
C/5 = (95 – 32) /9
C/5 = 63/9
C/5 = 7
C = 7 x 5 = 35 °C (1 mark)
Meera need not pack her sweaters as the temperature of 35 °C is quite hot. (1 mark)

16. Jed is storing ice cream in the warehouse. The labels on the ice cream packaging advise to store
below -5 °C. There are two freezers in the warehouse – A and B. The temperature setting of
freezer A is 15 °F and that of freezer B is 25 °F. Which freezer should Jed choose and why? (3
marks).
ANS: C = -5 °C
C/5 = (F – 32) /9 (1 mark)
-5/5 = (F – 32)/9
-1 = (F – 32) /9
-1 x 9 = (F – 32)
-9 = (F – 32)
 F = -9 + 32
 F = 23 °F (1 mark)

The temperature advised on the ice cream packaging recommends temperature below 23 °F.
Hence Jed needs to choose Freezer A which has a lower temperature setting of 15 °F. (1 mark)

17. Sue’s houseplant needs to be kept at a temperature above 50 °F. Her room is at 15 °C. Is the room
warm enough for the houseplant? Give reason for your answer. (3 marks)

ANSWER

F = 50 °F

C/5 = (F – 32) /9 (1 mark)

C/5 = (50 – 32) /9

C/5 = 18/9

C/5 = 2

C=2x5

C = 10 °C (1 mark)
18. State the temperature reading of the given thermometer in both Celsius and Fahrenheit. (2
marks)
19. ANSWER
20.C = - 4 °C
21.F ~ 24 °F

22. The average temperature of Colorado has increased by 0.02 °F annually. If the temperature in
1990 was 10 °F, what will be the temperature in 2001? What is the increase in the temperature
as per Celsius scale? (4 marks)
ANSWER
Initial temperature in Colorado (1990)
F1 = 10 °F
C1 = (5/9) x (F1 – 32) (1 mark)
C1 = (5/9) x (10 – 32)
C1 = (5/9) x (-22)
Increase in temperature in 11 years (2001 – 1990) = 0.02 x 11 = 0.22 °F (1 mark)
Thus temperature in 2001, F2 = 10 + 0.22 = 10.22 °F
∴ C2 = (5/9) x (10.22 – 32)
 C2 = (5/9) x (-21.78)
Thus, rise in temperature as per Celsius scale = C2 – C1 (1 mark)
= [(5/9) x (-21.78)] - [(5/9) x (-22)]
 (5/9) x [-21.78 - (-22)] = (5/9) x (0.22)
 (5/9) x (0.22)
 1.1 / 9 = 0.122 °C (1 mark)

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