Professional Documents
Culture Documents
University of Moratuwa
Electrical Machines Laboratory
DOL method is the direct connection of the motor terminals to the supply terminals
through a suitable starter having contactors operated by a coil. This method is restricted
to small motors below 5 hp (3.75 kW). Otherwise reduced-voltage starters are employed
with motors above 5 hp. DLO method causes a high starting current at a lagging power
factor. It also can causes voltage fluctuation on the supply network. DOL starting is
sometimes used to start small water pumps, compressors, fans and conveyor belts. In
the case of an asynchronous motor, such as the 3-Phase Squirrel-Cage Motor, the motor
will pull a high starting current until it has run up to full speed. This starting current is
commonly around 6 times the full load current, but may as high as 12 times the full load
current.
In the star – delta method the stator windings are star connected at start and when
it reaches a substantial speed, then the stator winding are connected delta. At start the
winding votage is reduced by the factor of 1/√3, and hence starting torque wold be 1/3
of the normal. Starting current is also redused by the factor of 1/√3.How ever during the
change over period the air gap flux decreases to zero. When the delta contactor is
reclosed the transient current can be still high. Thus this method dose not necessarily
reduse the peak valuve of the starting current.
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Fig 1: Star – Delta Starter
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Fig 2: Auto-transformer Starter
The line impedance starting method is widly used for the wound rotor type
3phase induction motors. Additional rotor resistances are introduced at start and
gradualy decreases with the speed & time to the zero. This method gives a higher
starting torque and a lower starting current.
Procedure:
iv. Study the rotor impedance starter. Keep the external impedance
maximum valuve ( zero mark at the motor control pannel) at the
beginning and star the wound rotor type induction motor.
Discussion:
ii. Explain the construction and working principal of the DOL with a
circuit schematic diagram.
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iv. Comment on the suitability of the star-delta and auto-
transformer starting methods. Compare advantages and
disadvantages of each.