6.0 Msrs Construction Site Safety PDF

CONSTRUCTION
SITE SAFETY
MSRS SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT TRAINING SERVICES – DOLE OSHC Accreditation No. 1030-112113-0065
WARNING
This document is a compilation of related

reference books, journals, technical papers,
etc, and is intended for illustration purposes
only thus, the speaker does not claim any
originality in content and form.
2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Be able to define what is Construction Site
Premises Safety
Able to identify what are the minimum
requirements of Construction Safety &
Health
Be able to recognize the potential hazards
and measures in the construction site
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
THE
CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY :
A SITUATIONER
(NCR)
July 25, 2011
PRIVATE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
APPROVED BUILDING PERMITS
2011 CHANGE 2010
OVERALL 28,347 -5.5 29,992
Residential 20,784 -11.9 23,586
Non-
3,495 17.4 2,978
Residential
Additions,
Alterations, 4,068 18.7 3,428
and Repairs
PRIVATE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
VALUE (in billion pesos)
2011 % Change 2010
OVERALL 52.8 11.6 47.3
Residential 28.2 32.6 21.3
Non-Residential 19.4 -13.2 22.3
Additions,
Alterations, and 5.2 39.7 3.7
Repairs
Calabarzon (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and

Quezon) is the region with the most private
construction projects, accounting for a fourth or
7,090 of the total granted permits.
However, nearly half (P25.1 billion) of the total

value of construction projects is poured into
Metro Manila.
No. of Violations on:

Total
No With
Establishment Establishment OSHS
Violation Violation
Inspected Safety
Rule Rule First
CSHP Officer Others
1020 1040 Aider
(SO)
Construction
Projects 1658 2 1656 524 402 74 174 35 447
As of June 2011
102 CSHP approved out of

the 511 filed
38 CSHP approved out of the

260 filed in the same period
last year.
268.42% increase of
approved CSHP
As of June 2011
Occupational Safety and

Health Center (OSHC) have
conducted thirty six (36)
batches of Basic
Occupational Safety and
Health (BOSH), and
Construction Safety and
Health Training (CSHT)
As of June 2011
Three hundred twenty five

(325) construction firms had
their Personal and Protective
Equipment (PPE) tested
Forty (40) accredited OSH

practitioners from the
construction industry
Situationer in Construction
- There are about 1.8 million construction
workers
- Around 6,000 registered constructors
- An average of about 20,000 government

infrastructure projects per year
- One of the most hazardous industries/

workplaces
-Workers are temporary and constantly changing
-Each site includes different contractors

performing different types of work
-Working surfaces, machinery, trenching and

scaffolding are constantly moving, being
reassembled, modified
- Occupational Hazards are continually
emerging.
- Workers often encountered different types

of hazards which may result to
accidents/injuries.
Observations
Low awareness on OSH
Poor Compliance on OSHS (ex. HSC, CSH
Program, safety officer/personnel)
Poor Housekeeping (ex. accumulated wastes)
No/Inadequate PPEs for workers.
Improper use of tools and equipment
Needs commitment and support
What NEEDS to be DONE
Change of work habits.
Top management commitment on OSH
Cooperation of workers and contractors to
implement OSH programs and activities
Enhance skills of project managers, safety
officers and workers (training on OSH )
Strict enforcement of rules/programs on OSH
Compliance with government regulations
(OSHS and DO 13)
WHAT IS CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY?
Construction site safety is a form of

occupational safety that relates directly to job
conditions and procedures put in place at a
construction site. The purpose of these safety
regulations and initiatives is to provide a
measure of protection to the general public
and those who are involved in the actual
building effort.
17
CONSTRUCTION SITE
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
18
1. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY AND
HEALTH PROGRAM (CSHP)
Refers to a set of detailed rules to cover the

processes and practices that shall be utilized
in a specific construction project site in
conformity with the OSHS including the
personnel responsible and the penalties for
violations thereof.
19
2. COMPANY SAFETY AND
HEALTH POLICY
A Company Safety Policy shall serve as the
general guiding principles in the
implementation of safety and health on site,
duly signed by the highest company official
or his duly authorized representative who has
the over-all control of project execution and
should include the contractor’s general policy
towards occupational safety, worker’s welfare
and health, and environment.
20
Sample COMPANY SAFETY & HEALTH
POLICY
SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY

FOR FLY-BY-NITE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
The objective of this policy is to build on a high standard of safety throughout all construction operations of FLY-
FLY-BY-
BY-NITE CONSTRUCTION CO. and to
ensure that no employee is required to work under any conditions, which are hazardous or unsanitary.
We believe that each employee has the right to derive personal satisfaction from his/her job and the prevention of occupational injury or illness is of
such consequence to this belief that it will be given top priority at all times.
21
Sample COMPANY SAFETY & HEALTH
POLICY (Cont)
It is our intention at FLY-
FLY-BY-
BY-NITE CONSTRUCTION CO. to
initiate and maintain complete accident prevention and
safety training programs. Each individual from top
management to the working person is responsible for the
safety and health of those persons in their charge and co-
workers around them. By accepting mutual responsibility
to operate safely, we will all contribute
to the well being of our employees. ABC Company
SAFETY
(signed) Mr. Juan dela Cruz AND
HEALTH
President POLICY
22
3. SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE
It is the general safety and health committee

for the construction project site that shall be
the overall coordinator in implementing OSH
programs. A structure and membership of the
Construction Safety and Health Committee
shall be consistent with the minimum
requirements of Section 11 of D.O. 13, series
of 1998.
23
Sample Safety Committee Composition
For less than 50 workers:

Chairman - Manager/Project Engineer
Members - One Foreman
- 3 Workers (must be union
members, if organized)
- The Nurse/First Aider
Secretary - The Part-time
Safetyman/Officer
24
Safety & Health Committee
The safety and health

committee is an
organizational structure
where members represent
a group that allows the
workers to voice their
concerns about safety
issues without fear of
criticism from their co-
workers/management.
25
4. SITE SAFETY AND HEALTH
PERSONNEL
To ensure that a Construction Safety and Health

Program is duly followed and enforced at the
construction project site, each construction site
is required to have minimum required Safety
Personnel as described in Section 7 of D.O. 13,
series of 1998.
26
Minimum Number of Safety Officers
NUMBER OF WORKERS MINIMUM NUMBER OF SAFETY OFFICERS
Hazardous Highly Hazardous
1 – 50 One (1) Part-

Part-time One (1) Full
Full--time
51 - 200 One (1) Full-

Full-time One (1) Full
Full--time &
One (1) Part-
Part-time
201 - 250 One (1) Full-

Full-time & Two (2) Full-
Full-time
One (1) Part-
Part-time
251 - 500 Two (2) Full-

Full-time Two (2) Full
Full--time &
One (1) Part-
Part-time
27
Minimum Number of Health Officers
NUMBER OF DESCRIPTION SERVICES
WORKERS
1 - 50 One (1) Full-

Full-time First Aid Medicines
First--Aider
First
51 - 99 One (1) Part-
Part-time
Occupational Health Nurse & Emergency Treatment
One (1) Full-
Full-time First
First--Aider Room
100 -199 One (1) Part

Part--time
Occupational Health Emergency Treatment
Physician, Room
One (1) Part-
Part-time
Occupational Health Nurse &
One (1) Full-
Full-time First
First--Aider
28
5. PERSONNEL
RESPONSIBILITIES
It shall describe among others:
a) PROJECT IN CHARGE
Ensure the creation of a Project Safety Plan that complies
with the requirements of the company safety policy.
Ensure that work is executed according to the Safety Plan.
Ensure that the implementation of the Project Safety Plan
is monitored and that the plan is reviewed as and when
necessary.
29
Promote an interest, enthusiasm and
commitment to Health, Safety, and
Environment issues throughout the Project.
Ensure the provision of competent
safety/health personnel.
Respond to the recommendations of the
project safety personnel.
Set a good example.
30
b) ENGINEERS, FOREMEN, CAPATAZES
Be aware of the requirements of the Project Safety Plan,

Safe Construction Methodologies, and safety procedures
relevant to the individual’s specific area of responsibility.
Plan and maintain a tidy and orderly work place such that
work can be carried out with minimal risk to health and
safety.
Ensure that work is carried out as planned and regularly
inspect all work areas to ensure the safety of all activities,
equipment, and materials in his area of responsibility.
31
Ensure that others, including the general public, are
protected.
Incorporate safety instructions into routine orders and
ensure that workers are not required or permitted to take
unnecessary risk.
Respond to the recommendations of the Project Safety
Adviser.
Encourage those who perform safely and reprimand those
who do not.
Set a good example.
32
c) PROJECT SAFETY OFFICER
Serves as Secretary to the health and safety committee

Prepare minutes of meetings
Report status of recommendations made
Notify members of the meetings; and
Submit the employer a report of the activities of the
committee, including recommendations made
Acts in an advisory capacity on all matters pertaining to
health and safety for the guidance of the employer and the
workers
33
Conducts investigation of accidents as member of the
Health and Safety Committee and submits his separate
report and analysis of accidents to the employer
Coordinates all health and safety training programs for
the employees and employer
Conducts health and safety inspection as member of the
committee
Maintains or helps in the maintenance of an efficient
accident record system and coordinates actions taken by
supervisors to eliminate accident causes
34
Provides assistance to government agencies in the
conduct of safety and health inspection, accident
investigation or any other related programs
For purposes of effectiveness in a workplace where
full-time safety man is required, he shall report
directly to the employer
35
d) CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
Attend orientation, toolbox talks, and safety meetings as

required.
Use the right tools for every job and keep them in good
condition.
Use the safety equipment and protective clothing
supplied.
Avoid taking shortcuts that may lead to unnecessary risk.
Report any defects at the site, in equipment or any other
safety hazard.
36
Comply with all rules.
Participate in safety program and cooperates actively
with the Health and Safety Committee
Assists government agencies in the conduct of health and
safety inspection or other programs
37
6. ACCIDENT/ INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION & REPORTING

All accidents or incidences shall be investigated and
recorded.
All work-related accidents resulting to disabling injuries
and dangerous occurrences as defined in OSH Standards
(Rule 1050) shall be reported.
Responsible or duly authorized officer for accident or
incident investigation, recording and reporting are either
the employer/owner/project manager/safety officer
38
Accident/incident investigation and
reporting (Cont)
Accident Report shall contain the minimum information
as required in DOLE /BWC /OHSD /IP-6.
Employer shall notify the appropriate DOLE Regional
Office within 24 hours in case of fatal accidents. An
accident investigation shall be conducted by the Regional
Office
within forty eight (48) hours after
receipt of initial report of the
employer.
39
7. PROTECTION OF THE GENERAL
PUBLIC

Measures in order to ensure the safety of the general
public shall be pursuant to Rule 11 of the National
Building Code-Implementing Rules and Regulations:
Protection of Pedestrians During Construction or
Demolition
Appropriate provisions and rules of OSHS
- Rule 1412.09: Protection of the Public
- Rule 1412.12: Protection against collapse of
Structure
40
- Rule 1412.16: Traffic Control
- Rule 1413: Excavation
- Rule 1417: Demolition
- Rule 1060: Premises of
Establishments
- D.O. 13, Section 9:
Construction Safety Signages
- Other relevant provisions of
OSHS.
41
CONSTRUCTION SITE
SAFETY PRACTICES
42
a) Excavation
Trenching and excavation work presents serious
hazards to all workers involved. Cave-ins pose
the greatest risk and are much more likely than
other excavation-related accidents to result in
worker fatalities.
Other potential hazards include falls, falling
loads, hazardous atmospheres, and incidents
involving mobile equipment.
43
• The basic methods for protection from cave-ins
are sloping, benching, shoring, and shielding.
The method you should use depends on factors
such as soil type and water content, excavation
depth and width, the nature of the work, and
nearby activities that could increase the risk of a
cave-in.
• A registered Structural Engineer must design
protective systems for all excavations that are
more than 20 feet deep.
44
Typical Excavation Sites
8
45
b) Formworks and Concreting
Formwork is the term given to either temporary
or permanent molds into which concrete or
similar materials are poured. The formwork is
built on site out of steel, timber and plywood or
moisture-resistant particleboard. It is easy to
produce but time-consuming for larger
structures, and the plywood facing has a relatively
short lifespan. It is still used extensively where the
labor costs are lower than the costs for procuring
re-usable formwork.
46
47
c) Scaffoldings & Ladders
SCAFFOLD means any temporary elevated

platform (made of timber, metal or bamboo)
and its supporting structure (including points
of anchorage) used for supporting employees
or materials or both in the course of any
construction works, including maintenance
and demolition works.
48
Hazards in the Use of Scaffolds
Falls from
elevation
Struck by falling
tools / debris
Scaffold collapse
Electrocution
49
Recommended Measures
Falls from elevation
• Use guardrails
• Use fall arrest systems
Struck by falling tools or debris
• Barricade the area below the scaffold
and forbid entry
• Use panels or screens
• Build a canopy or net
50
Means of Egress
A stairway, ladder,
or ramp must be This ladder does not meet the
standard requirements
present in
excavations that
are 4 or more feet
deep.
The ladder should extend 3 feet

above the excavation
51
d) Metal Arc Welding & Cutting
is an arc welding process in which

coalescence of metals is produced by heat
from an electric arc that is maintained
between the tip of a covered electrode and the
surface of the metal in the joint being welded.
52
53
e) Hand Power Tools
Hand and power tools are a common part of
our everyday lives and are present in nearly
every industry. These tools help us to easily
perform tasks that otherwise would be
difficult or impossible.
However, these simple tools can be hazardous
and have the potential for causing severe
injuries when used or maintained improperly.
54
Hazards in the use of Power
Tools
Workers using hand and
power tools may be exposed
to these hazards:
objects that fall, fly, are
abrasive, or splash
harmful dusts, fumes,
mists, vapors, and gases
frayed or damaged
electrical cords, hazardous
connections and improper
grounding
55
f) Mobile Equipment
Any construction equipment used in
ground clearing, cutting, leveling,
excavation, tampering, hoisting, hauling,
concreting, rigging, etc are also known as
mobile equipment.
56
Hazards of Mobile Equipment
Machinery, equipment, and tools shall not

be used beyond the design capacity intended
by the manufacturer where such use may
create a hazard to persons.
57
g) Electrical Installation
Electrical safety is of utmost concern in

workplaces where machines abound. It has
been researched that over a hundred people
die each year because machines that are
being repaired, set up, or serviced have not
been properly locked out. Lockout Tagout
(LOTO) was specifically created to make
sure that a particular machines energy is
neutralized before it is serviced on.
58
Electrical Hazards
Accidently starting up of a machine without other

people knowing that the machine is under
maintenance, and that people are currently
working on it. Machines that are being repaired
become extremely hazardous devices when they
are turned on. People can become electrocuted,
crushed, or impaled by flying debris should these
machines suddenly acquire power when their
parts are being worked on.
59
Electrical Hazards
60
h) Housekeeping
Housekeeping is the act of cleaning the rooms

and spaces of an office or industrial plant. It is
one of the many chores included in the term
housework. Housecleaning includes activities
such as disposing of rubbish, cleaning dirty
surfaces, dusting and vacuuming. It may also
involve some outdoor chores, such as removing
leaves from rain gutters, washing windows and
sweeping doormats.
61
Housekeeping Hazard
EXIT
62
i) Safety Signage
Safety signs are a great way to clearly notify

employees and visitors of company policies
and warn of dangers. Topics include electrical
safety, lockout, confined space, chemical
hazards, machine safety, protective wear
(PPE), warehouse safety, first aid, eyewash,
slipping & tripping and much more.
63
Signage
64
Location of Signage & Barricades
Hazardous areas
Trip hazard
Energized electrical works
Overhead suspended load test
Chemical introduction
Fall exposure
Emergency Response Zone
Danger zone
Confined and enclosed space
65
j) Temporary Fire Protection
Facilities and Equipment
The following rule shall apply:

Fire protection facilities and equipment as
required under Rule 1940 of the OSHS
Proposed structure and membership of fire
brigade
Provision for training on emergency
preparedness
66
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
67
k) First aid & Health Care
Medicines, Eqpt
Eqpt.. & Facilities
It shall describe among others the following:
Identification of the proposed first aid and health
care facilities that the employer shall provide
satisfying the minimum requirements of OSHS.
Identification of the medical and health supplies,
such as medicines and equipment to be provided.
In all cases, the provision of first aid medicines and
emergency treatment shall be mandatory.
68
l) Construction Waste Disposal
The following shall apply:

Proposed method of clearing and disposal of
waste.
Provisions for permits and clearances where
required in disposal of hazardous wastes.
69
m) Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) - (Rule 1080)
The following shall apply:
Appropriate types and duly tested PPEs to be issued to
workers after the required training on their use.
Provisions for maintenance, inspection and replacement of
PPEs.
In all cases the basic PPE commonly
required for all types of construction
projects are hard hats, safety shoes
and working gloves. Other PPEs shall be
required depending on the type of work
and hazards.
70
71
) Handling of Hazardous Substances
– (Rule 1090)
The following provisions shall apply:
Provision for identification, safe handling,
storage, transport and disposal of hazardous
substances and emergency procedure in
accordance with Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) in cases of accidents.
72
73
o) Emergency Action Plan
The following elements must be included in the plan:
Emergency escape procedures and emergency
escape route assignments. The use of floor plans or
workplace maps which clearly show the emergency
escape routes should be included in the plan. Color
coding will aid employees in determining their route
assignments.
74
Detailed procedures to be followed by essential
employees who remain to operate critical plant/site
operations until their evacuation become absolutely
necessary. Essential plant operations may include the
monitoring of plant power supplies, water supplies and
other essential services which cannot be shut down for
every emergency.
Procedures to account for all employees after an
evacuation i.e. a location where employees should
assemble after evacuating to determine if all employees
have left the facility.
75
An alternate location should also be designated in
case the primary location places employees in a
dangerous situation. Detailed rescue and medical
duties for those employees who are to perform them –
in-house medical teams, basic first aid, fire
department response.
The preferred means of reporting fires and other
emergencies
Names or regular job titles of persons or departments
who can be contacted for further information or
explanation of duties i.e. Superintendent, Foreman,
Safety, etc.
76
“BIRDS of the same FEATHER……..
are the SAME birds”

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CONSTRUCTION

This document is a compilation of related

July 25, 2011

PRIVATE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

APPROVED BUILDING PERMITS

2011 CHANGE 2010

OVERALL 28,347 -5.5 29,992

Residential 20,784 -11.9 23,586

PRIVATE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

VALUE (in billion pesos)

2011 % Change 2010

OVERALL 52.8 11.6 47.3

Residential 28.2 32.6 21.3

Non-Residential 19.4 -13.2 22.3

Calabarzon (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and

However, nearly half (P25.1 billion) of the total

No. of Violations on:

102 CSHP approved out of

38 CSHP approved out of the

Occupational Safety and

Three hundred twenty five

Forty (40) accredited OSH

- Around 6,000 registered constructors

- An average of about 20,000 government

- One of the most hazardous industries/

-Each site includes different contractors

-Working surfaces, machinery, trenching and

- Workers often encountered different types

Construction site safety is a form of

Refers to a set of detailed rules to cover the

SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY

It is the general safety and health committee

For less than 50 workers:

The safety and health

To ensure that a Construction Safety and Health

1 – 50 One (1) Part-

51 - 200 One (1) Full-

201 - 250 One (1) Full-

251 - 500 Two (2) Full-

1 - 50 One (1) Full-

100 -199 One (1) Part

Be aware of the requirements of the Project Safety Plan,

Serves as Secretary to the health and safety committee

Attend orientation, toolbox talks, and safety meetings as

It shall describe among others:

It shall describe among others:

SCAFFOLD means any temporary elevated

The ladder should extend 3 feet

is an arc welding process in which

Machinery, equipment, and tools shall not

Electrical safety is of utmost concern in

Accidently starting up of a machine without other

Housekeeping is the act of cleaning the rooms

Safety signs are a great way to clearly notify

The following rule shall apply:

The following shall apply:

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