ABRAHAM ADESANYA POLYTECHNIC, IJEBU-IGBO

PMB 1020, IJEBU IGBO, OGUN STATE

CENTRE FOR PART-TIME STUDIES(CEPATS)

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY/DEPARTMENT OF ELECT/ELECT. ENGR.
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2016/2017 SESSION
COURSE TITLE: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2
COURSE CODE: EEC125 TIME: 2:00 HRS
LEVEL: ND II ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENG. & COMPUTER ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTION: ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTION

1a. Define the following terms: (i)Magnetic flux (ii)Magnetic flux density (iii)Reluctance
(iv)Magnetomotive force 8mks
b. A coil of 300 turns is wound uniformly on a ring of non magnetic material. The ring has a
mean circumference of 40cm and a uniform cross sectional area of 4cm2. If the current in the
coil is 5A. calculate (i)The magnetic field strength (ii) The flux density (iii)The total magnetic
flux in the ring (take µo=4πx10-7). 6mks

2a. State Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction. 4mks

b. A coil of resistance 100Ω is placed in a magnetic field of 1 mWb. The coil has 100 turns and a
galvanometer of 400Ω resistance is connected in series with it. Find the average e.m.f. and the
current if the coil is moved in 1/10th second from the given field to a field of 0.2mWb.
6mks
c. State 4 application of Electromagnetic Induction 4mks

3a. Explain the following terms (i) Self Inductance (ii) Mutual Inductance (iii) Coefficient of self
inductance (iv) Coefficient of mutual induction 8mks
b. The field winding of a d.c. electromagnet is wound with 960 turns and has resistance of 50 Ω
when the exciting voltages is 230 V, the magnetic flux linking the coil is 0.005Wb. Calculate (i)
the self-inductance of the coil and (ii)the energy stored in the magnetic field. 6mks

4a. State five analogies between magnetic circuit and electrical circuit 5mks
b. A closed magnetic circuit of cast steel contains a 6cm long path of cross sectional area 1 cm2
and a 2cm path of cross sectional area 0.5 cm2. A coil of 200 turns is wound uniformly around
the 6cm length of the circuit and a current of 0.4A flows. Determine the flux density in the 2cm
path, if the relative permeability of the cast steel is 750. (take µo=4πx10-7) 9mks

5a. Explain the difference between single phase and three phase supply 6mks
b. An Alternating voltage has the equation 282.8sin314t . What are the values of (i) RMS voltage
(ii) Frequency (iii)Instantaneous voltage when t= 4ms 8mks

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6a. Define the following terms as applied to AC theory (i) Frequency (ii) Period 3mks
b. A coil of resistance 5Ω and inductance 120mH in series with a 100 μF capacitor, is connected to
a 300V, 50Hz supply. Calculate
(i) the reactance of the capacitor
(ii) the reactance of the inductor
(iii) the impedance of the circuit
(iv) the current flowing in the circuit
(v )phase angle between the supply voltage and current 11mks

7a. Differentiate between a magnetic circuit and electric circuit 5mks

b. State the laws of parallel current 4mks
c. Two coils of inductances 4 and 6 Henry are connected in parallel. If their mutual inductance is
3 Henry, calculate the equivalent inductance of the combination if (i) mutual inductance assists
the self-inductance (ii) mutual inductance opposes the self-inductance 5mks

125
 EEC125 MARKING GUIDE
1a
(i)Magnetic flux(Ø); is a group of magnetic field lines emitted outward from the north pole of
a magnet. 2mks

(ii)Magnetic flux density(β); is the amount of magnetic flux per unit area of a section ,
perpendicular to the direction of flux . 2mks

(iii)Reluctancy(S); it is the magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit to the presence of

magnetic flux. The opposition offered to magnetic line of force or flux by a magnetic circuit is
called its reluctance. 2mks

(iv)Magnetomotive force(MMF);is the property of certain substance or phenomenon that give

rise to magnetic field. It is also any physical force that produces magnetic flux. It tends or
drives flux through a magnetic circuit. 2mks

1b
SOLUTION
GIVEN
I=5A
N=300 Turns
A=4 cm2=4x10-4 m2
L=40cm=40x10-2 m
µo=4πx10-7

(a)magnetic field strength, H=


= = 3750A/m 2mks



(b)for a magnetic material µr=1, hence the flux density, β=µoH

β=µoH=4πx10-7x3750
=4.712Mt 2mks

(c)flux, Ø = βA = 4.712x10-3x4x10-4

=1.885µwb 2mks

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 2a
Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
First Law.
It states whenever the magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an e.m.f. is always induced
in it. or
Whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux, an e.m.f. is induced in that conductor. 2mks

Second Law.
It states that the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. is equal to the rate of change of flux-
linkages. 2mks

2b
Solution.
( )
Induced e.m.f. = 1/2mk

(.. )
=
.
= 0.8 V 2mks
Total circuit resistance = 100 + 400 = 500 Ω 1mk
V= IR 1/2mk
 .
∴ Current induced = = = 1.6 × 10-3 A = 1.6 mA 2mks
 

2c

APPLICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

I. they are used in electric generators
II. they are used in the design of electric motors
III. they are used in the design of transformer
Iv they are used in the design of relays/ contactor 4mks

127
 3a
Self-inductance is the property of the coil due to which it opposes any increase or decrease or
current of flux through it. 2mks

Mutual Inductance is defined as the ability of one coil (or circuit) to produce an e.m.f. in a
nearby coil by induction when the current in the first coil changes. 2mks

Coefficient of Self-induction (L)

The coefficient of self-induction of a coil is defined as the weber-turns per ampere in the coil
By ‘weber-turns’ is meant the product of flux in webers and the number of turns with which
the flux is linked. 2mks

Coefficient of Mutual inductance(M)

The coefficient of mutual inductance between the two coils is defined as the weber-turns in
one coil due to one ampere current in the other. 2mks

3b

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 4a
ANALOGY BETWEEN MAGNETIC CIRCUIT AND ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

MAGNETIC CIRCUIT ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

 !"#
(1) Flux= Current =
  $%$ 
 
(2) permeance = Conductance=
  $%$ 
(3) Mmf(Ampere Turn) Emf(Volts)
(4) Flux Ø (Weber) Current(I) (Ampere)
(5) Flux density β (Wb/m2) Current density (A/m2)
(6) Hopkinson’s law Ohms law
(7) Magnetic field β Current density
 
(8) permeability = Conductivity=
%&%' $%$%&%'
(9) ()*+,-.-/0 ()1-1/-.-/0
(10) Total MMF=ØS1+ ØS2+ ØS3+……. Total EMF=IR1+IR2+IR3+………
  
(11) Reluctance s= = Resistance R=Ƿ
23 242 3
Any five 5mks
4b
GIVEN; L1=6cm=6x10-2 m
L2=2cm=2x10-2m
A1=1 cm2=1x10-4 m2
A2=0.5 cm2=0.5x10-4 m2
µr for steel=750
β=?, Ø=?
µo=4πx10-7
 5

S1 = = ( 6
7)
(7)
(
 )
2423

=6.366x105A/wb 2mks


S2 = = ( 6
7)
(7)
(.
 )
2423

=4.244x105A/wb 2mks

Total reluctance , ST= S1 +S2 = (6.366+4.244)x105 =10.61x105A/wb 1mk

  
ST= , Ø= =
Ø 9 9

:.
Ø= =7.54x10-5wb 2mks
.5


Ø 7.

Flux density, β = = = 1.51T 2mks
3 .

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 5a

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SINGLE PHASE AND 3 PHASE SUPPLY

1. In single phase supply, the power flows through one conductor whereas the three phase supply
consists three conductors for power supply.
2. The single phase supply requires two wires (one phase and one neutral) for completing the circuit.
The three phase requires three phase wires and one neutral wire for completing the circuit.
3. The single phase supplies the voltage up to 230V whereas the three phase supply carries the
voltage up to 415V.
4. The maximum power is transferred through three phases as compared to single phase supply.
5. The single phase has two wire which makes the network simple whereas the three phase network
is complicated as it consists four wires.
6. The single phase system has only one phase wire, and if the fault occurs on the network, then the
power supply completely fails. But in three phase system the network has three phases, and if the
fault occurs on any one of the phases, the other two will continuously supply the power.
7. The efficiency of the single phase supply is less as compared to three phase supply. Because the
three phase supply requires less conductor as compared to single phase supply for the equivalent
circuit.
8. The single phase supply requires more maintenance and become costly as compared to three
phase supply.
9. The single phase supply is mostly used in the house and for running the small loads. The three
phase supply is used in large industries and for running the heavy loads. Any five 5mks
5b
(a) The general expression for an alternating voltage is V=V m sin(ωt ±φ).
Comparing v = 282.8sin314t with this general expression gives the peak voltage as 282.8V.
Hence the r.m.s. voltage = 0.707×maximum value
= 0.707×282.8=200V 2mks

130
 6a

Period
Period is the time taken by an alternating quantity to complete one cycle. For example, a 50-
Hz alternating current has a time period of 1/50 second. 2mks
Frequency
The number of cycles made per second is called the frequency of the alternating quantity. Its
unit is hertz (Hz). 2mks

6b

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 7a
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MAGNETIC CIRCUIT AND ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

MAGNETIC CIRCUIT ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

1 Flux does not actually flow Electric current flows in electric circuit
2 Reluctance of magnetic circuit does depend At constant temperature the resistance of an
on flux and hence flux density established. electric circuit is constant and is independent of the
current strength or current density
3 In magnetic circuit, energy is needed only Flow of current in an electric circuit involves
for creating the flux initially but not for continuous expenditure of energy
maintaining it
4 There is no loss of energy due to reluctance Electric current through the resistance causes
in magnetic circuit energy loss in form of heat
5 There is hardly any material which can be There are many materials which are fairly bad
considered as insulator of magnetic flux conductor of electricity
6 Permeability of any magnetic material does Conductivity of different materials are different
not largely vary from material to material that means it greatly varies from material to
material
7 For a particular temperature the But in case of conductivity, it is fixed and
permeability depends upon the flux density independent of current density at a particular
or total amount of flux temperature
Any five five 5mks
7b
LAWS OF PARALLEL CURRENT
(i)Two parallel conductors attract each other if current through them flow in the same direction
and repel each other if current through them flow in opposite direction. 2mks
(ii)The force between two such parallel conductors is proportional to the product of the current
strengths and the length of the conductor considered and varies inversely as distance between
them. 2mks
2;<=<>?
F=
>@A
7c

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