Republic of Korea’s 2nd national Workshop on

Economics of Climate Change and Low Carbon

growth Strategies in Northest Asia

- For Local governments’ GHG Mitigation

Implement Guidelines
Ⅰ Overview

Ⅱ Procedures of GHG Mitigation Plan

III Future Plan

2
I Overview
Overview

Project : A study of implementation plan for achieving Low Carbon Society

Period : 2010~2012 (3 years)

Objective:
- Establish short, middle, and long-term strategies for LCS in KOREA
- Suggest GHG Mitigation Measures by Sectors& Mitigation Strategies for
Local Governments types
- Quantify the effects of GHG Mitigation according to the Fulfillment of
Countermeasures

This Year’ Goal:

- Guideline for GHG mitigation implement plan for local government
• LCS methodology for Local Governments
• Suggest the quantitative effect of introduced measures for the LCS
4
Necessity for Guideline

Efficient GHG Mitigation tackling Climate Change

- It is important for local governments to make an effort with strong country and
government leadership.

Chapter 11 of Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth

- It is imperative for local governments to establish and implement Local Green
Growth strategy to promote the Low Carbon Green Growth

Need to get a solid foundation to achieve future LCS through Local

Governments' review of the implementation policies, understanding the
GHG emission information and achieving reduction targets

Need to standardize calculation tools for estimating GHG emissions and

prediction in order to handle the national GHG over all
Flowchart of Guidelines
1. Setting up GHG Mitigation Goal
 National Goal, Local Governments’ Development Plan etc

2. Analyzing current GHG Emissions

 Method of GHG Emission calculation : based on IPCC G/L
 Use of GHG-CAPSS data
 Analysis of GHG Emissions’ increase and decrease

3. Estimating Future GHG Emissions

 Goal set-up Method : Setting up of base year and target year
 Understanding of the Future image of each Local Government
GHG Mitigation Estimates after
BAU Estimate countermeasures
Understanding of local governmetns’
Service Sector Classification characteristic & future

Estimate of Activity Review of relevant countermeasures &

synthesizing it
Energy Basic Unit Setting Representative indicators by sectors
TC/TOE Calculation Tools for basic unit of reduction
emission
Estimate of BAU Energy Consumption Estimation of Mitigation potential
and CO2 emissions & Establishing reduction goals

4. Drawing up GHG Mitigation Implementation Roadmap

 Establishing Quantitative countermeasures
 Estimating Roadmap by BCM
II Procedures of GHG Mitigation Plan

Analysis of Current GHG Emissions

Estimate of Future GHG Emissions
Feasible Countermeasures for local governments
Details of Mitigation Measures
Analysis of Current GHG Emissions

Analysis of GHG emissions increase factor

- Understanding the characteristic of region’s emissions

- analyzing the factor of variation in current emissions.

11
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions

Setting the Base Year & Target Year

Base year : 2005 (stabilization year of GHG Emission)

- Setting middle term national GHG goal based on 2005
- Verifying the validity of the procedures based on present emissions

Target year : 2020 (Achieving the middle term GHG reduction goal)
- According to Local governments’ situation
- After 2020, suggesting the attainable goal from 2020

17
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions

Narrative Scenarios of Local government and quantification of target year

Social values
-Establishing the concept of LCS and Low Carbon Green Growth
-Showing value & vision pursued by local governments; Technology-driven or Nature-oriented
Energy spending pattern
- The rate of increase and decrease in energy sources, the introduction rate of renewable energy
Features of daily life
-The rate of increase in population, members in family, the speed of aging society, the rate of inflation, etc
Changes in Urban Architecture ∙ transportation
- The rate of the influx of the population, the rate of increase in new buildings, changes in mode of transportation, the rate
of increase in gas prices, the rate of change in vehicles’ fuel efficiency, the number of vehicles, the rate of change in
mileage, the change of transportation division etc
Change in economy and industry
-The rate of economic growth, the rate of growth by industrial structure, change in the amount of export etc
Change in tourism industry
-Invigorating the local festival, Developing the low carbon Green tourism etc
etc.
-change in the rate of biomass consumed
18
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - BAU
Method of Emissions Estimate

Classification of service sector

Residential Commercial∙Public Transportation Industrial

Estimate of Activity

- The number of households - Road : The number of cars

Energy
- Total building floor area mileage
- Population - non-Road : Energy Consumption consumption

Estimate of Service demand

Estimate of Energy intensity

- Efficiency - Fuel Efficiency

Improvement - Efficiency
- Penetration Rate Improvement
& Efficiency Industrial
- Floor Area Improvement

Estimate of Carbon intensity

- Share Variation In Energy Sources

Estimate of Energy Consumption & CO2 Emissions

Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Consideration of both effects of present and feasible countermeasures

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction Consideration of GHG emissions reduction through
understanding the characteristics of local governments

Related measures of local governments

Consideration of long-term local governments’ Potential
according to reduction target
Setting up future goal, linking with other
plans, drawing a feasible task Measures

Each sector’s measures  policy, system

Review of relevant measures & synthesizing all  items for practicing green life
 introduction of technology
Commercial Transport National Local Overseas
Industry Residential public ation

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

Each sector’s measures

Database constructions by sectors

commercial
Industry Residential Transportation
Suggestion of the basic roadmap for public
local governments

Selection of representative indicator by sectors

Formulating the formula and base unit of

emissions reduction

Calculation of emissions reduction and setting

the reduction target

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Synthesis of relevant countermeasures

Green growt
Jeollabuk- Kyonggi- Synthe Reduction amount level of diffic
Countermeasure Name Detail countermeasure (contents) Detail h 5 year pla
do Do sis calculation ulty
n
HEMS(홈에너지 management 시스
정성 상
템) 보급
Setting GHG emissions estimate and
고효율기기보급 및 효율화 효율등급 표시 및 최저소비효율 기준 적용 확대 Ο Ο 정성 하
the target of emissions reduction 가전업체별 「에너지효율 목표관리제」(Top-
Ο 정성 중
Runner)도입
대기전력 저감 제품보급 Ο Ο Ο 정량 중
저탄소 녹색마을 조성 ᆞ확대 녹색마을모델 개발 및 로드맵 구축 Ο 정성 중
녹색마을 실천운동 전개 Ο 정성 하
Related measures of local governments 그린홈 보급 확대 및 관련제도 개선추
그린홈 보급 Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο 정량 상
according to reduction target 진
기존 주택의 단열설비 및 에너지 효율 개선(해피하
Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο 정량 상
우스등)
주택탄소배출량(에너지효율)등급제 확산 Ο Ο 정성 중
물절약시스템 구축 빗물 재이용 Ο 정량 중
신재생에너지 설비보급 및 이용 확대 신재생에너지(RPS)제도 도입 Ο Ο 정성 상
Each sector’s measures
태양광 주택 보급 Ο Ο Ο 정량 상
청정에너지(도시가스) 보급확대 Ο 정성 상
집단에너지(지역 냉ᆞ난방) 시스템 보급 확대 Ο Ο 정성 상

The commercial Transport 열병합발전단지 추가공급 Ο 정성 상

Industry Residential general public
ation 녹색생활 실천 및 지원체체 구축 기후변화 컨설턴트 양성 및 운영 Ο 정성 중
에코패밀리 시범 가정과 마을 지정 및 확대 Ο Ο 정성 중
탄소성적표지 인증제품 확산 Ο 정성 중
자원순환의 날 제정 운영 Ο 정성 중
Inputting measure’s data by sectors TV시청시간 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
컴퓨터사용시간 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
냉장고 적정용량 유지하기 Ο Ο 정량 중
세탁 사용시간줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
Database constructions by sectors 청소횟수 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
다리미시간 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
난방시간 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중
난방온도 낮추기 Ο Ο 정량 중

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for 냉방시간 줄이기 Ο Ο 정량 중

local governments 냉방온도 높이기 Ο Ο 정량 중

에어컨필터 주기적 청소하기 Ο Ο 정량 중
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Mitigation measures in residential sector

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Related measures of local governments

according to reduction target

Each sector’s measures

The commercial Transport

Industry Residential general public
ation

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Mitigation Measures in Commercial ∙ Public sector

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Related measures of local governments

according to reduction target

Each sector’s measures

The commercial Transport

Industry Residential general public
ation

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Mitigation measures in transportation sector

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Related measures of local governments

according to reduction target

Each sector’s measures

The commercial Transport

Industry Residential general public
ation

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Mitigation measures in common sector

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Related measures of local governments

according to reduction target

Each sector’s measures

The commercial Transport

Industry Residential general public
ation

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken

Estimates Standardization Form for Mitigation Potential by measures

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Related measures of local

governments according to reduction
target

Each sector’s measures

The Transport
Industry Residential commercial
general public ation

Inputting measure’s data by

sectors

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic roadmap for

local governments

- To propose measures’ prototypes that will be applicable to all local governments and suggest the
emissions reduction formulas and evaluation indicators by sectors.
- To present the table for estimation standardization of emissions reduction by each measure.
- Despite measure for being difficult to calculate emissions reduction, it could be figured out by
evaluation and implementation indicators suggested.
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken
Formula for emissions reduction
Measurement
Invigoration of Public Transport
Traffic Management &
Improvements
Energy Efficiency Improvement
& Exhaust--gas in service
Green Technology Introduction
Promoting Using Bicycles
Implementation of Green life
Style
Details
Bus Information System(BIS)
Establishment Expansion
Bus Rapid Transit(BRT)
Transit(BRT)
Establishment
Intelligent Transport systems &
Services(ITS)
Green Car supply extension
Promoting Low-
Low-pollution of
Exhaust
Car Idling Ban
Expansion of Biodiesel
Energy Diffusion
Systems for Promoting Using
Bicycles an Modifying related
laws
Building Networks of
Re--used Bicycles
Re
Eco--driving Vitalization
Eco
Indicator formula
․ The Status of Advertising Electronic Display
of Bus Stops
Basic unit of emission reduction (kg/the number
․ The Number of Registration Bus of vehicles
vehicles∙∙yr) x the number of registration bus
․ BRT Introduction Rate x
The Introduction Rate of BRT
․ The Construction Status of ITS Traffic
Information Center
․ The Number of Registration Car
Basic unit of emission reduction (kg/the number
․ Introduction Rate of Electric Cars Cars,,
of vehicles
vehicles∙∙yr) x the number of registration cars
Hydrogen Fuel cell Cars
Cars,, Hybrid cars
cars,, and
x the introduction rate of green car
Plug--in Hybrid cars
Plug
․ Effort Status of Promoting Low
Low--pollution of
Exhaust--gas in service
Exhaust
Basic unit of emission reduction (kg/the number
․ The Number of Registration Car and Bus
of vehicles
vehicles∙∙yr) x the number of registration car
․ Introduction Rate of Car Idling Ban
and bus x Introduction rate of car idling ban
․ The Status of Biodiesel Energy
․ Status of Bicycles
Bicycles--related laws
․ Status of Networks of Re
Re--used Bicycles
Basic unit of emission reduction
reduction(kg/the
(kg/the number
․ The Number of Car Registration
of vehicles
vehicles∙∙yr) x the number of registration cars
․ Implementation Rate of Eco
Eco--driving
x the implementation rate of eco
eco--driving
Estimate of Future GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken
Comprehensive Table of Mitigation Potential
Mitigation Potential(CO2ton)
Details Base year & Implementation Status in 2020
SCⅠ SCⅡ

Building BRT system 2% in 2005, SCⅠ 13%, SCⅡ 13% in 2020 4,134 4,134

Revitalization of the
Introduction of car sharing system 0% in 2005, SCⅠ 2%, SCⅡ 6% in 2020 29,225 87,675
public transport
Promotion of introducing
0.7% in 2005, SCⅠ 1.2%, SCⅡ 1.6% in 2020 1,392 2,506
remote working

Subtotal 34,750 94,314

Traffic Management Implementation of the automobile day

6.5% in 2005, SCⅠ 18%, SCⅡ 24% in 2020 23,975 36,483
& Improvements system

Subtotal 23,975 36,483

Expansion of green car diffusion 0% in 2005, SCⅠ 18%, SCⅡ 18% in 2020 155,398 155,398

Trans- Expansion of CNG Vehicles diffusion –

41% in 2005, SCⅠ 93%, SCⅡ 100% in 2020 80,412 91,236
port focusing on buses
Energy Efficiency
Improvement & Car idling ban 2.5% in 2005, SCⅠ 26%, SCⅡ 26% in 2020 142,897 142,897
Green Technology
Introduction
Promoting using of cars with manual
6.5% in 2005, SCⅠ 10%, SCⅡ 20% in 2020 2,002 7,723
transmission

Supply of compact cars and expansion of

7.0% in 2005, SCⅠ 16%, SCⅡ 25% in 2020 11,956 23,911
usage.

Subtotal 392,664 421,165

Implementation of
Invigoration of Eco-driving 59.1% in 2005, SCⅠ 66%, SCⅡ 72% in 2020 14,122 26,606
Green Life

Subtotal 14,122 26,606

total 465,511 578,569

Estimate of GHG Emissions - After Measures Taken
CO2 emissions estimate & total emissions reduction

total 4% total 6%
ktCO2 reduction reduction

18,000 residential
residential
9% residential residential residential
commercial 17%
16,000
residential 3% commercial
commercial transportatio 5%
n 12% commercial commercial
14,000 transportatio
n 15%
commercial
12,000 transport transport transport
ation ation ation
transport
10,000 ation

8,000

6,000 industry
industry industry industry
4,000

2,000

0
2005 2020 BAU SC Ⅰ SC Ⅱ

industry transportation commercial residential

가정

- Each sector’s emissions of the case area in 2005, BAU for the target year, and
each sector’s emissions of scenario Ⅰ, Ⅱ
Drawing up of Roadmap by Mitigation Measures
Need of drawing up of roadmap

Setting GHG emissions estimate and

the target of emissions reduction

Need Roadmap to achieve low carbon society and to

accomplish the energy security and the more developed
Related measures of local governments
according to reduction target
economy.

Each sector’s measures

Be able to examine the comprehensive image of the future
and the details such as combination of various
The commercial Transport
Industry Residential general public
ation
measures, the problem of time, period and stage of the
technical development, the way of technology diffusion, and
Inputting measure’s data by sectors

implementation cost in order to fulfill the reduction target.

Database constructions by sectors

Suggestion of the basic

roadmap for
local governments
34
Drawing up of Roadmap by Mitigation Measures

Setting GHG emissions estimate and the target of

emissions reduction

NIES Related measures of local governments according to

reduction target
(Backcasting
tool)
Each sector’s measures

The commercial
Industry Residential Transportation
general public

Inputting measure’s data by sectors

SNU
Prof. Lee Dong Kun
Database constructions by sectors
(Seoul national
University
Making a result and road map
by BCT

-Implement the backcasting tool built by NIES in Japan in cooperation with SNU.
-The tool’s degree of adaptability for local governments and its level of using the data.
Drawing up of Roadmap by Mitigation Measures
Form and contents to draw up roadmap

Measure measures in relevant sub-sector 00 sector

Countermeasures detailed measures
Description explaining current situation and description of measures
Current Entering the current
Checking whether it is Under investigation/ under making a implementation implementation
enforced or not plan/ under implementation percentage percentage compared to
Emissions reduction emissions reduction compared to target target
in 2020 in 2020 by scenarios Entering the start year
If it is under investigation or under Duration of Measure’s
Start time
making a plan, possible start year measures implementation period
will be written
- Cost calculated by
national or local Expected period
Whether it is possible Expected period reaching
government in order to Checking reaching 100%
Expected cost to immediately 100% completion or
introduce the measure possible or impossible completion after
implement or not target year
- Technical development taking measures
cost or funding

Policy Implementation Suggesting the feasible implementation plan for local governments and people in order to fulfill it highly and effectively
Comprehensive
Entering CO2 emissions reduction, direct or indirect effect, and socioeconomic effect
Effect
Comprehensive
In case of being able to quantify the comprehensive effect
Quantity Effect
type Countermeasures

Parallel countermeasures

Relevant measures Parallel countermeasures If there are countermeasures needing to be parallel with and conditions precedent such as building

Parallel countermeasures social infrastructure and relevant technical development, those measures are written here.

Parallel countermeasures
Drawing up of Roadmap by Mitigation Measures
Implementation Roadmap by Mitigation Measures

- Showing the implementation start year and the 100% completion period.
- Figuring outcomprehensive measures and implementation time
- The graph’s color density shows the rate of implementation
Detailed Promotion Project for Mitigation Measures

Establishment of the Organizing system

Building Cooperation System in local government officials

- Need to be linked with civil servants in charge in order effectively to achieve the policy goal in case of
policies relevant with GHG reduction measures such as urban planning and developing agricultural
industrial complex plans
- Establishing an alliance and Task cooperation systems between the authorities concerned
in urban plan, green belt, construction & civil engineering, public transport, waste, and
sewerage

Building Cooperation Systems among related organizations

- Related government bureaus
- Related local governmental organizations
- Climate change or Environmental watchdog groups
- Businessperson or president of shopping centers
- Residents or representatives in apartments.
- Experts, Research Institute, Professors, NGO etc.

39
Detailed Promotion Plan for Implementation

Evaluation of local governments’ implementation

Initial middle term g long-term go

year1 year 2 year 3 year 4 year 5 ~ oal al
year

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 ~ 2020 2050

Inter--
Inter
Reduction plan connection
Plan
Policy reform

Budget
Implementati
Implementation of
on
measures

CO2
★ Middle term
emissions
review
Understan
effect indicator ◎
ding of Short term
review
effect
Inspection
coverage ◇

Monitoring emissions

Evaluation budget effect emissions

- GHG emissions reduction measures are checked based on this items in every year
- Whether mitigations by different means are done or not also should be checked
III Future Plan
Future Plan

Scenario Development of Low-Carbon society in accordance with each

local government type
ex. Residential, Agricultural, Commerical, Industrial, etc.

Low- carbon technology & policy quantification by sectors

- Consideration of feasible low-carbon technologies and policies
- Analysis of mitigation potentials by measures and economy effect

Thank you for your attention!