Research Project

POLYCYCL REAPING GREEN FUEL
INTRODUCTION
Plastics are inexpensive, lightweight and durable materials, which can readily be molded
into a variety of products that find use in a wide range of applications. As a consequence,
the production of plastics has increased markedly over the last 60 years.
However, current levels of their usage and disposal generate several environmental
problems. Around 4 per cent of world oil and gas production, a non-renewable resource, is
used as feedstock for plastics and a further 3–4% is expended to provide energy for
their manufacture.
A major portion of plastic produced each year is used to make disposable items of
packaging or other short-lived products that are discarded within a year of manufacture.
These two observations alone indicate that our current use of plastics is not sustainable.
In addition, because of the durability of the polymers involved, substantial quantities of
discarded end-of-life plastics are accumulating as debris in landfills and in natural
habitats worldwide
.Plastic waste in India has become an increasingly pressing problem over the years. With
increasing dependence on plastic, the tendency to dispose of plastic casually has also
become a part of the mainstream.
Over the years, several wastes to wealth mechanisms have been adopted to recycle and
reuse plastic in innovative ways. One such trend has been the conversion of plastic waste
to fuel and making it usable for both domestic and industrial purposes.
1|Page
PLASTIC WASTE
From practically zero consumption, during the beginning of the 20th century, humankind
today consumes more than 200 million tones of plastic per year.
Plastic play an important role in day-to-day life, because as in certain application they
have an edge over conventional materials. Indeed, their light weight, durability, energy
efficiency, coupled with a faster rate of production and more design flexibility, have
allowed breakthroughs in fields ranging from non-conventional energy, to horticulture and
irrigation, water-purification systems and even space flight.
However one has to accept that virtues and vices co-exist. Plastics are relatively cheaper
and being easily available has brought about use and throwaway culture. Plastics waste
management has become a problem world over because of their non-degradable property.
A majority of landfills, allotted for plastic waste disposal, are approaching their full
capacity. Thus recycling is becoming increasingly necessary.
2|Page
FACTS ABOUT PLASTIC
3|Page
DISADVANTAGES OF
PLASTIC
Hazardous Waste
Polymers and Non Biodegradable
Toxin Carriers
Dangerous if Consumed
4|Page
WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED FROM COUNTRIES

AROUND THE WORLD
To reduce the plastic menace, the National Green Tribunal suggested a ban on disposable
plastic like cutlery, bags and other plastic items. However, no law has been in place to
implement the same. Currently in India, there is only one law that is in place - No
manufacturer or vendor can use a plastic bag which is below 50 microns as thinner bags
pose a major threat to the environment due to its non-disposability
Countries like Japan, Germany and the United States have already implemented the
plastic to fuel conversion process with much success. These three have also been
successful in creating business models out of the conversion process, resulting in the
conversion model becoming a profitable business one.
5|Page
RECYCLING
Getting Fuel From Used Plastics
We have no option other than continuing the use of plastic, but reduce its usage in our
daily life. However we can increase the reuse and recycle of plastic waste generated.
Fortunately, some innovators in India have come up with interesting ideas to convert
plastic waste to petroleum.
Plastics are created primarily from energy feed stocks, typically natural gas or oil. The
hydrocarbons that make up plastics are embodied in the material itself, essentially
making plastics a form of stored energy, which can be turned into a liquid fuel source.
Today, recycling technologies reprocess many common types of plastics: bottles,
containers, cups, caps, lids and so on. Even many flexible plastics, such as bags and wraps,
can be recycled.
The promise of plastics-to-fuel is particularly exciting as an option to recover materials
that today may be buried, or in some regions, illegally dumped or burned in open pits due
to inadequate waste management infrastructure. The new facilities could create local
revenue for communities in parts of the world where trash has become a hazard and a
large source of marine litter.
6|Page
RECYCLE Waste To Fuel
Given India’s huge daily generation of over 15,000 tonne of plastic, the prospects of
conversion to fuel are abundant, provided there is sufficient infrastructure available.
The fuel obtained from conversion of plastic is completely environmentally friendly due to
absence of any toxic substances. Apart from producing petroleum and diesel, this
technology will also ensure that urban and semi-urban areas become plastic free, as
instead of disposing plastics as waste, they can be converted to fuel.
Waste to Energy or energy from waste is the process of generating energy in the form
of electricity, heat or fuel from waste. Waste to Energy is a form of energy recovery.
Most Waste to Energy processes produce energy directly through combustion or produce
a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuel.
Companies sell the petroleum products to manufacturers and industrial users, while fuels
can help power cars, buses, ships and planes.
Diesel
Petrol
Waste Furnace Oil
2 Fuel
Charcoal
7|Page
ECONOMICAL BENEFITS OF RECYCLING
Rising fuel prices are a big concern for the economies. In India, the average increase in
fuel price is 12% and this year both petrol and diesel rates have reached their record
highs. India, the third-biggest consumer of oil after China and US, has been strongly
advocating a ‘reasonable and responsible’ oil prices that can guard the interests of both
consumers and producers.
Since a lot of plastic waste is generated in the country, converting them to fuel can
result in distribution of fuel at lower prices to the economically weaker sections of the
society.
Though slow, progress is being made on the waste to fuel conversion front in India.
Unfortunately, despite the big strides in waste management, extensive setting up of
waste to fuel plants across the country is still awaited. The technologies employed to
convert plastic waste to fuel are not complicated to replicate, and if done so on a large
scale, will only help in addressing the growing issue of India’s plastic waste.
Reduces the consumption of Fresh Raw material

Conservation of Resources and Energy
Reduces Pollution and Lower Emissions
Reusability
Saves landfills space
8|Page
PLASTICS-TO-FUEL
CASH FROM TRASH
A new set of emerging technologies is helping to convert non-recycled plastics into an

array of fuels, crude oil and industrial feed stocks. Processes vary, but these
technologies, known as "PLASTICS-TO-FUEL" involve similar steps.
Plastics — even used plastics, are valuable materials that can be used to create new
products or fuels and energy. But not if we bury them in landfills or dump them in our
waterways. Plastics-to-fuel is one of several technologies that can play a role in
converting non-recycled plastics into valuable energy
In most cases, the industries dig a pit, dump the plastic and cover it up. This is hazardous
to nature, as this plastic may take thousands of years to degrade.
Plastic pyrolysis works as a part of an integrated approach to managing waste geared
toward creating value from trash — an approach dubbed sustainable materials
management.
Plastics are collected and sorted for recycling. Then the non-recycled plastics are
shipped to a plastics-to-fuel facility, where they are heated in an oxygen-free
environment, melted and vaporized into gases. The gases are then cooled and condensed
into a variety of useful products. Plastics-to-fuel technologies do not involve combustion.
Depending on the specific technology, products can include synthetic crude or refined
fuels for home heating; ingredients for diesel, gasoline or kerosene; or fuel for industrial
combined heat and power.
9|Page
OUTPUT
A CLEANER FUEL
A tonne of plastic can approximately produce 600 to 650 litres of FUEL, 20 to 25 per
cent SYNTHETIC GASES and 5 to 10 per cent of RESIDUAL CHAR, which can be used
for road filler with bitumen.
Environmental benefit of plastics-derived fuels is that they can deliver a cleaner-burning
fuel, due to the low sulfur content of plastics.
The main product of fuel from plastic, when refined properly, is a DIESEL with greatly
reduced sulfur content. Using this lower sulfur content fuel for boats, machinery,
generators and vehicles can help decrease sulfur-related impacts while reducing non-
recycled materials along the way.
The plastic burnt in the plant generates gas and the long-chain hydrocarbons in it are
condensed using water and converted into petroleum in liquid form. The small-chain
hydro-carbons remain as gas. This, in turn, can be used as a substitute for LPG or bio-gas.
The sample of oil which has been distilled will be handed over to well-known
petrochemical companies for quality test. The oil extracted from plastic can be further
distilled into DIESEL and PETROL. Its BYPRODUCTS is ACTIVATED CARBON in the
burner that can be used for road construction, in water purifiers, and for
making paints and candles.
10 |
Page
11 |
Page
12 |
Page
FIELD VISIT
To learn about the pyrolysis process and understand its market, we visited
INDORE CAPS PRIVATE LIMITED. It is a manufacturer of Pyrolysis oil, carbon black &
iron scraps in Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh. It was set up in the year 2015 and since then
it is adding value to the environment by recycling waste like plastic and tyres.
We got an opportunity to meet the director of the company MR. PRASHANT BAROD
and MR SUDHANSHU DILLIWAL, who is an entrepreneur and provides logistic and
shipping services.
Following is the questionnaire that we prepared and recorded the response of
Mr. PRASHANT BORAD and Mr. SUDHANSHU DILLIWAL
Question What type of plastics can be used in the Pyrolysis process?
Response All kinds of plastic can be recycled, but they all have different oil yielding
capacity. HDPE & Medical Grade Plastic have maximum oil yield up to 80%
and other plastics like PVC & PET have oil yield capacity between 50-60%.
There is one more difference between these plastics, Polythenes doesn’t
break easily and solidify below the temperature of 20°C, as it has paraffin.
Whereas Polypropylene breaks easily and doesn’t have any paraffin so you
will get liquid fuel.
Question Is the waste plastic easily available?
Response The plastic wastes are easily available in cities where more industries are
operating. Industrial plastic wastes are cheaply available and are easily
processed.
Question What is the cost of raw material?
Response It is available at a price of Rs 12-15/kg and the conversion cost is Rs 10.
Question At what Price do you sell your this Oil?
13 |
Page
Response We will sell diesel at a price of Rs 42/l.
Question So, do you sell only diesel?
Response No, in the Pyrolysis process the oil obtained is distilled to get diesel. Also
we get a byproduct that is carbon sludge. The diesel is sold to casting
industries whereas carbon to cement factories.
Question Who are your Potential buyers?
Response Our products are mainly sold to industries like Mahindra motors, Eicher
motors and VE commercials and the byproduct has many potential buyers
like cement factories, road and highway developers.
Question What is the capacity of your machine and at what price you purchased it?
Response We have a plant capacity of 10 tonnes purchased at a price of Rs 30 lakhs.
Question What was your experience in the initial years of setup? What challenges
did you face?
Response Just like many Pyrolysis plants in the city faced losses and shutdown their
plant, we also incurred huge loss in the initial years and it was difficult for
us to survive.
But, we didn’t give up and adapted all the changes required to sustain in the
market. We installed all the pollution control system in our campus guided
by the pollution control authority. Eventually we developed a good market
for our product and are now able to procure raw material at a much
economical price.
Question What Pollution control measures are required in the Plant?
Response Look, when plastic is burned it gets converted into gas that has carbon
content. The condenser cools down the temperature and converts gas into
liquid. But, Some of the gas with shorter hydrocarbon length doesn’t
liquefy and remain in gaseous state; This gas is released through a
14 |
Page
scrubber that absorbs the carbon content and release white smoke in the
air thus controlling carbon emission in air.
15 |
Page
Jahnvi Sarda of Class XI with Director of Indore Caps Pvt Ltd

Mr. Prashant Barod
Jahnvi Sarda of Class XI with Director of SNG Unicorns

Mr. Sudhanshu Dilliwal
16 |
Page
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM
CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP) is one of the leading constituent

laboratories of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR). Established in
1960, the Institute is devoted to multidisciplinary areas of research and development in
the downstream sector of hydrocarbon and related industry.
The Institute undertakes R&D work in areas of petroleum refining, natural gas,
alternative fuels, petrochemicals utilization of petroleum products in IC engines and in
industrial and domestic combustion. Institute also provides technical and analytical
services to petroleum refining and related industry including technology transfer for
developing novel, state-of-art technologies and products.
In 2014, IIP developed a unique process of converting plastic waste like polyethylene and
polypropylene, both together accounting for 60 per cent of plastic waste, can be
converted to either gasoline or diesel. The technology is capable of converting 1 kg of
plastic to 750 ml of automotive grade gasoline. Due to nearly nil presence of Sulphur in
the produced fuel, IIP’s plastic converted fuel is pure and meets the Euro-III standards.
IIP also stated that a vehicle using this fuel would be able to run for at least two
kilometers more per litre. The technology was developed by IIP after nearly a decade of
research in hope of commercializing it for industrial usage.
IIP’s technology also received a thumbs up from the Indian Railways two years back in
April 2015, when then Railway Minister Dr Harsh Vardhan announced that the Railways
17 |
Page
would set up plants to manufacture diesel from plastic, which would be used for
mechanical traction.
18 |
Page
EXISTING PROJECTS
In Maharashtra’s Pune, Medha

Tadpatrikar and Shirish Phadtare ,
achieved significant success in
Goa has been instrumental in
converting plastic waste to fuel, that too
converting plastic waste into fuel. Goa
without the aid of a fancy laboratory or
generates nearly 66 metric tonnes of
a scientific background. An extensive
plastic waste every day. Two plants in
research by the two women who
Goa’s Bicholim and Sonsoddo have
deducted that usable fuel could be
been setup under the public private
obtained from plastics, using the
partnership (PPP) model with
mechanism of thermos-catalytic
Bangalore-based M K Aromatics Ltd
depolymerisation. Subsequently, Rudra
since 2016.
Environmental Solutions was founded
and in 2010, the first plastic to fuel
conversion machine was set up in Pune.
EXISTING
PROJECTS
IN INDIA
In Hyderabad, the waste to energy

company Ventana announced the Footed in the year 2007,in Indore Heera
setting up of multiple waste to fuel Energy System is one of the eminent
plants, in collaboration with Ramky names of the industry thoroughly
Environment, a waste management engrossed in manufacturing a wide
service. The announcement was made variety of products which
in January 2017. For over a year now, include Pyrolysis Plant, Waste Plastic To
45-year-old Satish, a long-time resident Oil Plant, Light Diesel Oil Filtration
of Hyderabad, has been involved in Machine and many more.
turning 'dead' plastic, into usable fuel.
19 |
Page
BUSINESS MODEL
20 |
Page
OBJECTIVES
development and implementation of
application of environmentally sound
Demonstrate Integrated Approach at

regional scale for recycle, recovery and
Serve as venue for public awareness and

environmental education on recycling
21 |
Page
Our Vision Is To Reduce The Dependency On Fossil Fuels And

To Increase The Use Of Fuel From Plastic.
22 |
Page
To Provide Integrated Knowledge Driven Eco Solution And

Ensure Better Quality Of Life To Gen Next.
FUTURE SCOPE
23 |
Page
Plastics to
Fuel
technologies Communities
With plastic
Being a zero- are expected now have the
consumption
residue, user- to be potential to
Recovering set to double
friendly and particularly create some
raw in the next
environment- helpful in of their own
materials 20 years,
protecting island fuel locally,
from the recycling
technology, It nations providing
waste stream must be
promises to where fuel economic
is the future. profitable to
gobble up prices are and
make a
plastic waste. high and environment
difference.
landfill al benefits.
options are
limited.
24 |
Page
SOURCES & COLLECTION OF WASTE
One industry generates more waste than hundreds of households put together. Even now,
for example, when they sanction money to clean river Ganga, what they don't realize is
that a fresh batch of effluents have been released by the industries. We need to tackle
the source of the problem.
The lack of awareness and absence of effective tools to collect the discarded plastic
products including the wrapping material has led to the indiscriminate littering and
disposal of plastic waste.
Plastic waste from industries, residential areas, commercial facilities, municipality, as well
as ocean waste is used as input in the plastic to oil process.
Following methods can be used to collect waste-
Waste can be collected by ‘bring-schemes’ or through kerbside collection.

Set up centers for plastic collection.
Encourage local authorities to organize collection of recyclables
Encourage people from all over India to send plastic waste via courier for
conversion to fuel.
Further the collected waste is taken to the plant where it is first washed to clean and
remove any foreign particles. Then it is dried and crushed into small pieces. The clean and
chopped plastic waste is used in the process.
25 |
Page
PYROLYSIS PROCESS
A New Way To Bring Value To Materials
Pyro = Heat and Lysis = Breakdown, Pyrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves
molecular breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules in the presence of heat.
"Plastic is a polymer. It has to be de-polymerised".
Pyrolysis is the process of heating organic material at high temperature in the absence of
oxygen. Since no oxygen is present, the organic material does not combust. Instead, the
chemical compounds that make up the materials decompose into combustible gases and
charcoal.
It is a simple process in which the organic matter is subjected to higher temperature

about 300ºC to 500ºC in order to promote thermal cracking of the organic matter so as
to obtain the end products in the form of – liquid, char and gas in absence of oxygen.
After heating the waste plastic at a temperature of about 300ºC to 500ºC in the
pyrolyzer the gas is allowed to escape through the outlet dipped into the water containing
jar so as to condense the fumes to obtain the RAW FUEL floating over the surface which
is further taken out through the outlet provide to the water containing jar.
26 |
Page
Once the RAW FUEL is obtained it is further subjected to distillation process so as to

obtain the fuel i.e. diesel in its pure form by removing the impurities present in it which
can be then tested into diesel engines for its efficiency.
Pyrolysis has become increasingly important process for today industry – as it allows
bringing far greater value to common materials and waste. Pyrolysis products always
produce solid (charcoal, biochar), liquid and non-condensable gases (H2, CH4, CnHm, CO, CO2
and N).
WHAT INFLUENCES PYROLYSIS PROCESS RESULTS?

Temperature of process – has a major influence to the treatment results. Higher
temperatures of pyrolysis provide greater quantity of non-condensable gases, while
lower temperatures favor the production of high quality solid product.
Temperature is a factor fully controllable in process thanks to electrically heated
screw conveyor that allows precise setup of treatment conditions.
Residence time of material in the pyrolysis chamber – influences the degree of
thermal conversion of received solid product as well as the residence time of the
vapor, which influences the composition of vapors. Residence time can be precisely
controlled in the process by changing the rotation speed of screw conveyor
transporting material along the reactor.
Particle size and physical structure – influences the speed in which material is
subjected to pyrolysis. In general, lower particle size materials are quicker
affected by the decomposition, which can result in greater quantities of pyrolysis
oil than in case of larger particle size.
27 |
Page
LABORATORY WORK
DOMESTIC & MEDICAL CHOPPED

PLASTIC WASTE PLASTIC WASTE
28 |
Page
LABORATORY SET UP FOR PYROLYSIS EXPERIMENT

AT CHEMISTRY LAB IN OUR SCHOOL
NITROGEN IS ADDED PLASTIC IS HEATED OIL IS PRODUCED
29 |
Page
PLASTIC PYROLYSIS PROCESS

MARKETING
Marketing plays the critical role in building brand awareness, lead generation,
prospect and customer nurturing. The 4 P’s; Product, Place, Price, and Promotion are
the key components to a solid marketing approach.
30 |
Page
31 |
Page
PRODUCT
CHARCOAL
• Fuel for Burners • Fuel for Burners
• Heavy Vehicles • Road Construction
• Diesel Generators • Cement Factory
• Water Purifiers
• Candle Making
DIESEL FUEL GAS
FUEL OIL KEROSENE DIESEL PETROL
CHARCOAL FUEL GAS
32 |
Page
APPLICATION & FUTURE WORK
It is very difficult to find out alternative of plastic. Even plastic´s demand is increasing
every day as well as their waste. This project analysis has observed the use of waste
plastics, a factory planning and its feasibility in Metropolitan City. It is easily assumed
that, when the use of waste plastic will increase then the solid waste management will
search more ways to find out to collect them. The implementation of this project can
develop so many opportunities in the city. It can be a solution to control waste plastic,
develop a new technique or idea, and detect the source of diesel for the country.
33 |
Page
The oil produced is a The obtained fuel could

substitute for furnace oil be utilized in diesel
and LDO. generators, vehicles such
Carbon is used by cement as tractors and also
industry and brick kilns as passenger vehicles such as
a fuel for firing. cars.
Large or small scale

industries can be set up to The fuel has to be refined
produce fuel locally at at the industrial
much cheaper rates establishments, based on
directly benefiting the the results of which small
National economy and is scale industry can be
also a step towards established
SWAACH BHARAT by
recycling the waste
plastic.
PACKAGING
Under innovative scheme we will become a participant of Going Green. We would store all
its gasoline in tanks that are double-skinned for preventing any leaks and spills.
Suitable Portable Containers are used to transport oil from the production site to
different places. “Suitable portable containers” are containers that are made of metal.
They are designed and constructed so that they are suitable and safe for the
transportation purpose and will not significantly degrade due to exposure to petrol or
naturally-occurring ultra-violet radiation.
34 |
Page
 They are reasonably robust

 They are not liable to break under normal conditions of use
 The escape of liquid or vapor is prevented
 Oil can be poured safely from them
 They are not unsteady when placed on a level surface.
Labeling
It should be marked or labeled in a legible and indelible form with an appropriate hazard
warning sign “fuel” and “highly flammable”. Following details should be mentioned on the
packing;
 Like the nominal capacity in litres;

 Manufacturer’s name;
 Date and Month of manufacture.
PRODUCTION PLAN
Plastic loading capacity will depend upon the type of plastic and compaction done
before loading; normally 70-80% of the total loading capacity is achieved.
All types of Plastic can be used for the process; the oil yield varies from 50-80%
depending upon the plastic quality and the Catalyst used. HDPE and Medical grade plastics
have maximum oil yield up to 80% and rest other plastics like PP, PE and PVC oil yield
varies between 50-80%.
35 |
Page
HDPE can break easily and are commonly used in electronic items. Also Medical grade
plastics are preferred in the process as these plastics do not have paraffin at all and
therefore remain in liquid state only.Our specially formulated Catalyst for Plastic
Pyrolysis ensures that the Oil yield is high and there is no Wax formation.
Land Area 3000 sq ft. / 280 sq meters.
(Plant and Warehouse)
Pyrolysis Plant 1 Machine Setup

Raw Material 10 Ton/ cycle
Labour 5-10 person
Power Requirement 20 KW
Water Supply As Required
Transportation Outsource
Packaging 5 liter. / 10 liter.
Process brief for 1 KG input and the yield of output -

Input Qty Rate Amount Output Qty Rate per Amount
Kg per Kg (Rs) (l) liter (Rs)
Plastic 1.00 12.00 12.00 Petrol 0.600 37.50 22.50
Labour 5.00 Diesel 0.300 25.50 7.65
Service 2.50 Lube 0.100 15.00 1.50
charge oil
Total 1.00 19.50 1.00 31.65
PRICING
Production Capacity 10 tonnes

Total Capital Cost
Machine 25,00,000
36 |
Page
Capital 1,50,000
Production Cost-
Working Capital 50,000 / month
Raw material 2,00,000 / month
Utilities 1,50,000
Profit % 20 – 25%
Output Price 30-40 Rs/ litre
PROFIT ANALYSIS
In order to have a steady growth in revenues we would like to follow a pricing policy that
is suitable to everyone linked with the company. Moreover, in oil and petroleum, the price
is government regulated. So government regulations make a huge impact on the final
pricing of the end products.
Products should be priced low with a hope of attracting more buyers and discouraging
other companies from competing in the market. Profit Margin will be kept between 20-
25% and the end product will be directly sold to the industries.
TARGETED MARKET
Pyrolysis oil is in great demand in the market which is consumed & used by a number of
industries as a burning fuel. Pyrolysis oil is widely used as an industrial fuel to substitute
The diesel or oil thus obtained has a higher efficiency with around 30
to 40% low production cost compared to that available in the market.
37 |
Page
furnace oil or industrial diesel.
Our targeted market will be the industries that require these products as raw material
or intermediate goods. Therefore our network of business would be limited to B 2 B.
To focus on production activity and reduce the overhead responsibilities we would
outsource transportation.
Diesel is used in Burners of Boilers, Furnaces, Hot Water, Hot Air Generators, Thermo
Fluid Heater; Electric Generators and Diesel Pumps.
Industries that use it are as follows:
Hospitals
Building material industries
Dairy industry
Petrochemical Industry
Glass Factory
Steel Factory
STEEL GLASS CEMENT BRICK

FACTORY FACTORY FACTORY FACTORY
Charcoal is in demand by Road construction companies, Cement Factory, Water Purifier

and Candle producing firms.
Also the Fuel gas is used in Burners in different industries.
38 |
Page
PROMOTION
ABOVE THE LINE BELOW THE LINE
ONLINE SALES
PRINT PUBLIC RELATIONS
PROMOTION
ONLINE MEDIA
SOCIAL MEDIA – Instant Messengers like Instagram, Twitter and Snapchat helps to
reach out to other successful businesses or even to communicate with potential
customers who might be looking for your products and services. Facebook and LinkedIn
are an easy way to passively market your business. This is a great place to convey the
entrepreneurial journey. Talk about your challenges and tell stories. The more effective
your stories, the larger your potential reach when you go viral.
WEBSITES & FORUMS – They are a medium to provide detailed information about the
organization working and products.
PRINT
NEWSPAPER, MAGAZINES & JOURNALS – This is suitable for image building,
information dissemination and sales campaigns. It is equally affordable option.
SALES PROMOTION
SEMINARS & WORKSHOPS, TRADE SHOW DISPLAY & TRADE PROMOTIONS- These
relates to short term incentives that encourage the sale of a product
PUBLIC RELATIONS
39 |
Page
COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES, SPONSORSHIPS & EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS – These

help in building good relations with the stakeholders of the business by obtaining
favorable publicity and building a good corporate image.
SALES STRATEGY
A sales strategy is a plan by a business or individual on how to go about selling products

and services and increasing profits.
E commerce Personal selling Trade Exhibitions

• Indiamart
• Alibaba
• Tradeindia
It allows selling to It is the best tool for two- Trade shows offer budget
consumers anywhere, way communication. friendly solutions to
anytime. It is economical Salesman can provide market your brand and sell
way. Having an online necessary information to your product. It helps to
presence helps makes customer about company’s target new market and
sure that potential offer, and also can collect consumers. New
customers find your information from customer. relationships and deeper
product information Customer can actively connections open channels
involve with salesman to for new sales leads.
solve his doubts and
objections. It is
comparatively more
40 |
Page
effective and result-

oriented.
41 |
Page
GOVERNMENT PROVISIONS
42 |
Page
Financial assistance is given for carrying out studies on waste to energy

projects, covering full costs of such studies
Financial assistance is provided by way of interest subsidy for commercial

projects
Tax Benefit is provided on Recycling based production and sales
Financial assistance is provided on the capital cost for demonstration

projects that are innovative in terms of generation of power from
municipal/ industrial wastes
Financial incentives are given to municipal corporations for supplying

garbage free of cost at the project site and for providing land
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has promoted the national
programme for the recovery of energy from industrial and urban
wastes, by providing various financial incentives.
For commercial projects, financial assistance is provided by way of interest

subsidy in order to reduce the rate of interest to 7.5%, capitalized with an
annual discount rate of 12 %. The assistance is routed through financial
institutions (FIs)/ Lead FI of the project, etc.
Assistance is given in terms of training courses, workshops and seminars

and awareness generation
43 |
Page
REGISTRATION AND LICENSE
Registeration with Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium

Enterprises
No License is required to sell the product, as it is considered

as Biosynthetic fuel, under India's National Policy on Biofuels
No objection Certificate from District Pollution Control Board
No objection Certificate from Municipal Corporation.
44 |
Page
POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
45 |
Page
Industry shall use clean fuel such as LPG/PNG during

startup of the reactor.
Industry shall ensure that there are no leakage from

reactor and piping, so as to minimize fugitive
emissions
The pyrolysis oil condensed from the vessel shall be

collected in storage tanks located in earmarked areas.
The pipelines shall be equipped with floating valves so
as to avoid spillage due to overflow.
There shall not be spillage of pyrolysis oil in and

around the factory premises.
Adequate fire fighting system shall be provided as per

prevailing norms laid down by competent authority
Industry shall prepare on site and off site disasters

management plan which shall be approved by
competent authorities
46 |
Page
SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTH WEAKNESS
• Waste plastic is converted • Unauthorized waste
into High Value collector
• No Pollution is emitted • Unstable quality of end
• Availability of Fuel at lower product due to varied
price climatic conditions
• Crude Oil & Gas can be • Non acceptance by users
used for generation of being a product from waste
electricity • Low Profit margins
OPPORTUNITYS THREATS
• Sustained increasing market • Competition from
growth in coming years renewable sources of
• Partner with reputed energy
company that has far more • Increased competition
marketing resources and • Strict pollution control
sales channel measures is required at end
use
47 |
Page
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
"Our main motto to start this plant is to do something for the environment. We are not
looking for commercial benefits. We wanted to give this generation and the next one, a
cleaner future. We are also ready to share our technology with any new entrepreneurs
who show interest,"
"What we want from the government also, is to take some initiative and start more
projects like these, to clear 'dead' plastic off the Earth,"
48 |
Page
CONCLUSION
Plastics present a major threat to today's society and environment. Though mankind has
awoken to this threat and responded with developments in creating degradable bio-
plastics, there is still no conclusive effort done to repair the damage already caused. In
this regard, the catalytic pyrolysis studied here presents an efficient, clean and very
effective means of removing the debris that we have left behind over the last several
decades.
49 |
Page
By converting plastics to fuel, we solve two issues, one of the large plastic seas, and the
other of the fuel shortage. This dual benefit, though will exist only as long as the waste
plastics last, but will surely provide a strong platform for us to build on a sustainable,
clean and green future. By taking into account the financial benefits of such a project, it
would be a great boon to our economy.
In summary, recycling is one strategy for end-of-life waste management of plastic

products. It makes increasing sense economically as well as environmentally and recent
trends demonstrate a substantial increase in the rate of recovery and recycling of plastic
wastes.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. http://pyrolysisplant.com/plastic-to-oil/
2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217307818
3. https://bestonpyrolysisplant.com/plastic-pyrolysis-plant-cost/
50 |
Page
4. https://swachhindia.ndtv.com/recycling-plastic-in-india-converting-plastic-waste-
to-fuel-the-unrealised-potential-9436/
5. https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/meet-hyderabad-man-converting-dead-
plastic-petrol-and-diesel-65164
6. INDORE CAPS PRIVATE LIMITED, PITHAMPUR
51 |
Page

Research Project

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Research Project

Uploaded by

Copyright:

POLYCYCL REAPING GREEN FUEL

FACTS ABOUT PLASTIC

WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED FROM COUNTRIES

Getting Fuel From Used Plastics

RECYCLE Waste To Fuel

ECONOMICAL BENEFITS OF RECYCLING

Reduces the consumption of Fresh Raw material

CASH FROM TRASH

A new set of emerging technologies is helping to convert non-recycled plastics into an

Question What type of plastics can be used in the Pyrolysis process?

Question Is the waste plastic easily available?

Question What is the cost of raw material?

Response It is available at a price of Rs 12-15/kg and the conversion cost is Rs 10.

Question At what Price do you sell your this Oil?

Response We will sell diesel at a price of Rs 42/l.

Question So, do you sell only diesel?

Question Who are your Potential buyers?

Response We have a plant capacity of 10 tonnes purchased at a price of Rs 30 lakhs.

Question What Pollution control measures are required in the Plant?

Jahnvi Sarda of Class XI with Director of Indore Caps Pvt Ltd

Jahnvi Sarda of Class XI with Director of SNG Unicorns

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM

CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP) is one of the leading constituent

In Maharashtra’s Pune, Medha

In Hyderabad, the waste to energy

development and implementation of

application of environmentally sound

Demonstrate Integrated Approach at

Serve as venue for public awareness and

Our Vision Is To Reduce The Dependency On Fossil Fuels And

To Provide Integrated Knowledge Driven Eco Solution And

SOURCES & COLLECTION OF WASTE

Following methods can be used to collect waste-

Waste can be collected by ‘bring-schemes’ or through kerbside collection.

A New Way To Bring Value To Materials

It is a simple process in which the organic matter is subjected to higher temperature

Once the RAW FUEL is obtained it is further subjected to distillation process so as to

WHAT INFLUENCES PYROLYSIS PROCESS RESULTS?

DOMESTIC & MEDICAL CHOPPED

LABORATORY SET UP FOR PYROLYSIS EXPERIMENT

NITROGEN IS ADDED PLASTIC IS HEATED OIL IS PRODUCED

PLASTIC PYROLYSIS PROCESS

FUEL OIL KEROSENE DIESEL PETROL

CHARCOAL FUEL GAS

APPLICATION & FUTURE WORK

The oil produced is a The obtained fuel could

Large or small scale

 They are reasonably robust

 Like the nominal capacity in litres;

Pyrolysis Plant 1 Machine Setup

Process brief for 1 KG input and the yield of output -

Production Capacity 10 tonnes

furnace oil or industrial diesel.

STEEL GLASS CEMENT BRICK

Charcoal is in demand by Road construction companies, Cement Factory, Water Purifier

Also the Fuel gas is used in Burners in different industries.

ABOVE THE LINE BELOW THE LINE

COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES, SPONSORSHIPS & EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS – These

A sales strategy is a plan by a business or individual on how to go about selling products

E commerce Personal selling Trade Exhibitions

effective and result-

Financial assistance is given for carrying out studies on waste to energy

Financial assistance is provided by way of interest subsidy for commercial

Tax Benefit is provided on Recycling based production and sales

Financial assistance is provided on the capital cost for demonstration

Financial incentives are given to municipal corporations for supplying

For commercial projects, financial assistance is provided by way of interest