RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Task: To measure the resistance of the windings of electric machines and to calculate the
error of measurement.

Theory: The measurement is done by the volt-ammeter method. The voltmeter can be
connected in two ways as shown in the figures.

UA
I I - +
A + A +
IU
Rx U Rx U

- -

Internal voltmeter connection External voltmeter connection

Regarding the consumption of the instruments themselves the unknown resistance

for the internal and external voltmeter connection should be calculated as :

𝑈 𝑈 𝑈 + 𝑈𝐴 𝑈 − 𝑅𝐴 . 𝐼 𝑈
𝑅𝑥 = = 𝑅𝑥 = = = − 𝑅𝐴
𝐼 − 𝐼𝑈 𝐼 − 𝑈 𝐼 𝐼 𝐼
𝑅 𝑈

The results show an error of measurement (ΔRx) due to the inaccuracy of the
instrument.

This error is calculated as.

𝛥𝑅𝑋 𝛥𝑈 𝛥𝐼
= +
𝑅𝑋 𝑈 𝐼

ΔU, ΔI = Maximum error of instrument, I.e. the accuracy class multiplied by full
deflection in the range used

Rx = Calculated value as above

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 The result of the measurement must be indicated in the formula Rx + ΔRx. The error
of measurement ΔRx must be indicated by one digital and Rx must be rounded off so
that ΔRx affects only the last digit of Rx.

Circuit diagram

U2 V2 W2
+ A

K
Vs U M L
M

-
U1 V1 W1

Equipment
M : Induction motor MV 121
Vs : DC Power Supply
U : Voltmeter
I : Ammeter

1. Stator winding of the induction motor

1.1 Set up an internal voltmeter connection for measurement of the resistance of the stator
winding in accordance with the circuit diagram.

1.2 The supervisor should now check the connection.

1.3 Turn on the DC power Supply &adjust its voltage so that the current is about 1 A.

1.4 Make a note of U,I, the range used, the accuracy class and resistance of the instruments
for the range used.

1.5 Transfer the measuring circuit to the next winding V2 – V1 and repeat 1.4.

1.6 Measure the third winding W2 – W1 in the same way.

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2. Rotor winding of induction motor

2.1 Transfer the measuring circuit to the rotor terminal K – L read U and I. Turn the rotor
slightly and observe that the deflections change. This is because the brushes provide
unequal contact the slip rings.

2.2 In order that the contact resistance of the brushes shall not affect the result, measure
voltage drop in the rotor winding directly from the slip ring. Open the case above the slip
rings, release the voltmeter with its leads and hold them directly against the slip rings
during the measurement.

2.3 Switch on the DC voltage and make a note of U and I.

2.4 Measure the second (L - M) and third winding (K - M) in the same way.

3. Stator winding of the Dahlander Motor

3.1 Set up an internal voltmeter connection for measurement of the resistance of the stator
winding in accordance with the circuit diagram.

Ub
Va

R R
  R R

R
R
R R

Ua Wa R R
Wb
R R Vb

R1  2 R // 4 R R R
R2   R
2 R.4 R 4 2 2
R1   R
2R  4R 3 R2  R

3.2 The supervisor should now check the connection.

3.3 Turn on the DC power Supply &adjust its voltage so that the current is about 1 A.

3.4 Make a note of U,I, the range used, the accuracy class and resistance of the instruments
for the range used.

3.5 Transfer the measuring circuit to the next winding Ua-Wa and repeat 3.4.

3.6 Measure the third winding Ua-Va in the same way.

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Table

Accuracy class of voltmeter : ………………

Accuracy class of ammeter : …………

MEASURED VALUES CALCULATED VALUES

Task U I Range Range Ru RA RX 𝛥𝑈 𝛥𝐼 ΔRx 𝑅𝑋 ± ∆𝑅𝑋 Rx
No. (V) (A) (V) (A) (Ω) (Ω) (Ω) 𝑈 𝐼 (Ω) (Ω) Mean
(%) (%)
(Ω)
1.4
1.5
1.6
2.3
2.4
2.4
3.4
3.5
3.6

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