182 Structural Engineer's Pocket Book

Reinforcement
The ultimate design strength is fy ˆ 250 N/mm2 for mild steel and fy ˆ 460 N/mm2 high
yield reinforcement.

Weight of reinforcement bars by diameter (kg/m)

6 mm 8 mm 10 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 mm 25 mm 32 mm 40 mm
0.222 0.395 0.616 0.888 1.579 2.466 3.854 6.313 9.864

Reinforcement area (mm2) for groups of bars

Number Bar diameter

of bars mm
6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40
1 28 50 79 113 201 314 491 804 1257
2 57 101 157 226 402 628 982 1608 2513
3 85 151 236 339 603 942 1473 2413 3770
4 113 201 314 452 804 1257 1963 3217 5027
5 141 251 393 565 1005 1571 2454 4021 6283
6 170 302 471 679 1206 1885 2945 4825 7540
7 198 352 550 792 1407 2199 3436 5630 8796
8 226 402 628 905 1608 2513 3927 6434 10 053
9 254 452 707 1018 1810 2827 4418 7238 11 310

Reinforcement area (mm2/m) for different bar spacing

Spacing Bar diameter

mm mm
6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40
50 565 1005 1571 2262 4021 6283 9817 ± ±
75 377 670 1047 1508 2681 4189 6545 10 723 ±
100 283 503 785 1131 2011 3142 4909 8042 12 566
125 226 402 628 905 1608 2513 3927 6434 10 053
150 188 335 524 754 1340 2094 3272 5362 8378
175 162 287 449 646 1149 1795 2805 4596 7181
200 141 251 393 565 1005 1571 2454 4021 6283
225 126 223 349 503 894 1396 2182 3574 5585
250 113 201 314 452 804 1257 1963 3217 5027

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 Reinforced Concrete 183

Reinforcement mesh to BS 4483

Fabric Longitudinal wires Cross wires

reference Mass
Diameter Pitch Area Diameter Pitch Area kg/m2
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m
Square mesh ± High tensile steel
A393 10 200 393 10 200 393 6.16
A252 8 200 252 8 200 252 3.95
A193 7 200 193 7 200 193 3.02
A142 6 200 142 6 200 142 2.22
A98 5 200 98 5 200 98 1.54

Structural mesh ± High tensile steel

B131 12 100 1131 8 200 252 10.9
B785 10 100 785 8 200 252 8.14
B503 8 100 503 8 200 252 5.93
B385 7 100 385 7 200 193 4.53
B283 6 100 283 7 200 193 3.73
B196 5 100 196 7 200 193 3.05

Long mesh ± High tensile steel

C785 10 100 785 6 400 70.8 6.72
C636 9 100 636 6 400 70.8 5.55
C503 8 100 503 5 400 49 4.34
C385 7 100 385 5 400 49 3.41
C283 6 100 283 5 400 49 2.61

Wrapping mesh ± Mild steel

D98 5 200 98 5 200 98 1.54
D49 2.5 100 49 2.5 100 49 0.77

Stock sheet Longitudinal wires Cross wires Sheet

size area

Length 4.8 m Width 2.4 m 11.52 m2

Source: BS 4486: 1985.

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 184 Structural Engineer's Pocket Book

Shear link reinforcement areas

Shear link area, Asv Shear link area/link bar spacing, Asv /Sv
mm2 mm2/mm
No. of Link Link spacing, Sv
link diameter mm
legs mm
6 8 10 12 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300

2 56 0.560 0.448 0.373 0.320 0.280 0.249 0.224 0.204 0.187

100 1.000 0.800 0.667 0.571 0.500 0.444 0.400 0.364 0.333
158 1.580 1.264 1.053 0.903 0.790 0.702 0.632 0.575 0.527
226 2.260 1.808 1.507 1.291 1.130 1.004 0.904 0.822 0.753

3 84 0.840 0.672 0.560 0.480 0.420 0.373 0.336 0.305 0.280

150 1.500 1.200 1.000 0.857 0.750 0.667 0.600 0.545 0.500
237 2.370 1.896 1.580 1.354 1.185 1.053 0.948 0.862 0.790
339 3.390 2.712 2.260 1.937 1.695 1.507 1.356 1.233 1.130

4 112 1.120 0.896 0.747 0.640 0.560 0.498 0.448 0.407 0.373
200 2.000 1.600 1.333 1.143 1.000 0.889 0.800 0.727 0.667
316 3.160 2.528 2.107 1.806 1.580 1.404 1.264 1.149 1.053
452 4.520 3.616 3.013 2.583 2.260 2.009 1.808 1.644 1.507

6 168 1.680 1.344 1.120 0.960 0.840 0.747 0.672 0.611 0.560
300 3.000 2.400 2.000 1.714 1.500 1.333 1.200 1.091 1.000
474 4.740 3.792 3.160 2.709 2.370 2.107 1.896 1.724 1.580
678 6.780 5.424 4.520 3.874 3.390 3.013 2.712 2.465 2.260

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