Orthographic Projections - Basics: ST RD

Orthographic Projections - Basics
1. Drawing – The fact about
2. Drawings - Types
3. Orthographic (Definitions and Important terms)
4. Planes - Classifications
5. Pattern of planes & views
6. Methods of orthographic projections
7. 1st angle and 3rd angle method – two illustrations

Conversion of pictorial views in to orthographic views.
1. Explanation of various terms
2. 1st angle method - illustration
3. 3rd angle method – illustration
4. To recognize colored surfaces and to draw three Views
5. Seven illustrations (no.1 to 7) draw different orthographic views
6. Total nineteen illustrations ( no.8 to 26)

DRAWINGS:
( A Graphical Representation)
The Fact about:

If compared with Verbal or Written Description,
Drawings offer far better idea about the Shape, Size & Appearance of
any object or situation or location, that too in quite a less time.
Hence it has become the Best Media of Communication

not only in Engineering but in almost all Fields.
Drawings
(Some Types)
Portraits
Botanical Drawings ( human faces,
Nature Drawings ( plants, flowers etc.) expressions etc.)
( landscape, Geographical
scenery etc.) Zoological Drawings
Drawings Engineering Drawings,
(creatures, animals etc.)
( maps etc.) (projections.)
Building Related Drawings. Machine component Drawings
Orthographic Projections Isometric ( Mech.Engg.Term.)

(Fv,Tv & Sv.-Mech.Engg terms) or Perspective(Civil Engg.Term)
(Plan, Elevation- Civil Engg.terms)
(Working Drawings 2-D type) (Actual Object Drawing 3-D)
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:
IT IS A TECHNICAL DRAWING IN WHICH DIFFERENT VIEWS OF AN OBJECT
ARE PROJECTED ON DIFFERENT REFERENCE PLANES
OBSERVING PERPENDICULAR TO RESPECTIVE REFERENCE PLANE
Different Reference planes are
Horizontal Plane (HP),
Vertical Frontal Plane ( VP )
Side Or Profile Plane ( PP)
And
Different Views are Front View (FV), Top View (TV) and Side View (SV)
FV is a view projected on VP.
TV is a view projected on HP.
SV is a view projected on PP.
IMPORTANT TERMS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:
1 Planes.
2 Pattern of planes & Pattern of views
3 Methods of drawing Orthographic Projections
PLANES
1
PRINCIPAL PLANES
HP AND VP
AUXILIARY PLANES
Auxiliary Vertical Plane Auxiliary Inclined Plane Profile Plane

(A.V.P.) (A.I.P.) ( P.P.)

A.V.P.
 to Hp &  to Vp

PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS (First Angle Method)
2
THIS IS A PICTORIAL SET-UP OF ALL THREE PLANES.
ARROW DIRECTION IS A NORMAL WAY OF OBSERVING THE OBJECT.
BUT IN THIS DIRECTION ONLY VP AND A VIEW ON IT (FV) CAN BE SEEN.
THE OTHER PLANES AND VIEWS ON THOSE CAN NOT BE SEEN.
PROCEDURE TO SOLVE ABOVE PROBLEM:-

TO MAKE THOSE PLANES ALSO VISIBLE FROM THE ARROW DIRECTION,
A) HP IS ROTATED 900 DOUNWARD
B) PP, 900 IN RIGHT SIDE DIRECTION.
THIS WAY BOTH PLANES ARE BROUGHT IN THE SAME PLANE CONTAINING VP.
Click to view Animation On clicking the button if a warning comes please click YES to continue, this program is
safe for your pc.
VP PP
Y
FV LSV
X Y
X TV
HP
ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS

HP IS ROTATED DOWNWARD 900 PP IS ROTATED IN RIGHT SIDE 900 OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
AND AND DRAWN IN
BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP. BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP. FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS
3 Methods of Drawing Orthographic Projections
First Angle Projections Method Third Angle Projections Method

Here views are drawn Here views are drawn
by placing object by placing object
in 1st Quadrant in 3rd Quadrant.
( Fv above X-y, Tv below X-y ) SYMBOLIC ( Tv above X-y, Fv below X-y )
PRESENTATION
OF BOTH METHODS
WITH AN OBJECT
STANDING ON HP ( GROUND) TV
FV ON IT’S BASE.
X Y NOTE:- X Y
HP term is used in1st Angle method
& FV
TV
For the same
G L
Ground term is used
in 3rd Angle method of projections
FIRST ANGLE
FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.
OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.
VP PP
FV LSV
X Y
TV
HP
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
FIRST ANGLE METHOD
OF PROJECTIONS
THIRD ANGLE FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT
( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )
PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

AND INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & OBJECT.
TV
X Y
LSV FV
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
OF
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
{ MACHINE ELEMENTS }
OBJECT IS OBSERVED IN THREE DIRECTIONS.
THE DIRECTIONS SHOULD BE NORMAL
TO THE RESPECTIVE PLANES.
AND NOW PROJECT THREE DIFFERENT VIEWS ON THOSE PLANES.
THESE VEWS ARE FRONT VIEW , TOP VIEW AND SIDE VIEW.
FRONT VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON VERTICAL PLANE ( VP )

TOP VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON HORIZONTAL PLANE ( HP )
SIDE VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON PROFILE PLANE ( PP )
FIRST STUDY THE CONCEPT OF 1ST AND 3RD ANGLE

PROJECTION METHODS
AND THEN STUDY NEXT 26 ILLUSTRATED CASES CAREFULLY.

TRY TO RECOGNIZE SURFACES
PERPENDICULAR TO THE ARROW DIRECTIONS
FIRST ANGLE
FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.
OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.
VP PP
FV LSV
X Y
TV
HP
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
FIRST ANGLE METHOD
OF PROJECTIONS
FOR T.V.
THIRD ANGLE
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT
( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )
PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

AND INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & OBJECT.
TV
X Y
LSV FV
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
OF
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS
FOR T.V.
1
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
x y
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
FOR T.V.
2
X Y
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FOR T.V.
3
X Y
TOP VIEW

4
FOR T.V.
X Y
TOP VIEW

FOR T.V.
5
X Y

TOP VIEW

6
FOR T.V.
X Y
TOP VIEW

7
FOR T.V.
X Y

STUDY 8
FOR T.V.
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
50
X Y
20
25
25 20
TOP VIEW

9
FOR T.V.
X Y
TOP VIEW
10
FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
X Y

FOR T.V. 11
X Y
TOP VIEW
12
FOR T.V.
X Y

STUDY 13
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS FOR T.V.
35
FV
35
10
x y
10 20 30
40
70
TV
O
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
STUDY
Z 14
ILLUSTRATIONS
FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FV
30 10 30 SV
30
10
30
x y
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL

TV
STUDY 15
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
FOR T.V.
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FV SV
x y
10
40 60
40
TV
60
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 16
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FV SV
x y
10
40 60

40
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 60
17

30 SQUARE
40 20
50
20
10
X Y
30
O 60
F.V.
S.V.
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
FOR T.V.
FV
40
X 10 Y
O
30 D 45
O
10
50
80
TV
19
FOR T.V.
FV 40
X O 10 Y
100
10
25
TV
10 30 10
25
30 R O
20 D
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 20
30
FOR T.V.
FV
RECT.
SLOT
10 50
35
10
X Y
20 D
TV
60 D
30 D
TOP VIEW
O
21
10
25 15
25
40 10
25
25
O O
80 25
F.V. S.V.

DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
FOR T.V.
22
450
30
FV
40
X Y
30 D
40 TV
O
15
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT 40
23
HEX PART
30
20
20
40
20
O 50
20
15
O 30
100 60
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
DRAW FV ABD SV OF THIS OBJECT
FOR T.V.
20 40
FRONT VIEW
F.V.
30
10
X Y
O
10
30
10
30
O 80
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN T.V. TOP VIEW
25
10 10 15
25
25
X Y
O 50 10
FV LSV

DRAW FV AND LSV OF THIS OBJECT
26 DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
30 20 10 20
15
10
15
O
15
30
15
X Y
50
F.V. LEFT S.V.

Orthographic Projections - Basics: ST RD

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Orthographic Projections - Basics: ST RD

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Orthographic Projections - Basics

1. Drawing – The fact about

3. Orthographic (Definitions and Important terms)

5. Pattern of planes & views

6. Methods of orthographic projections

7. 1st angle and 3rd angle method – two illustrations

1. Explanation of various terms

2. 1st angle method - illustration

3. 3rd angle method – illustration

4. To recognize colored surfaces and to draw three Views

5. Seven illustrations (no.1 to 7) draw different orthographic views

6. Total nineteen illustrations ( no.8 to 26)

The Fact about:

Hence it has become the Best Media of Communication

Building Related Drawings. Machine component Drawings

Orthographic Projections Isometric ( Mech.Engg.Term.)

Auxiliary Vertical Plane Auxiliary Inclined Plane Profile Plane

PROCEDURE TO SOLVE ABOVE PROBLEM:-

ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS

First Angle Projections Method Third Angle Projections Method

PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

FRONT VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON VERTICAL PLANE ( VP )

FIRST STUDY THE CONCEPT OF 1ST AND 3RD ANGLE

AND THEN STUDY NEXT 26 ILLUSTRATED CASES CAREFULLY.

PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

You might also like