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Just like the 

   , the
 is also of two types:

  
 
  (1
 
  (2

1)   
 
 
 

The first type which most of the readers must be

familiar with, describes the circumstance of the 
 !
.
 

e.g.: .*0 1 , & - . /*+) ( '  #%$ &

The boy came to me crying and went back laughing.

1
 2)  
 
 

The  

 2 does not describe the circumstance

of its

    !.

It describes the circumstance of someone or something

connected to its

    ! by a pronoun.

In: *0 1 4
 & 3 #%$ &

the Haal *0 1 describes the manner of the man's

coming. It is Haal Haqiiqiyyah.

But in:

5 ( . *0 1 4 & 3 #%$ &

the Haal *0 1 does not describe the manner of the
man's coming. It describes the manner of his boy at the
time of the man's coming. This is Haal sababiyyah.

And in this example the word (5 ) ( . is the 467 of the

Haal *0 1 .

2
This sentence may be reconstructed as follows:

.8
 
9
 : 5 ( . . 4 & 3 #%$ &
The man came to me with his son laughing.

***

The noun following the  

 2 may also be its

4< 6 7  =,

e.g.: .B )'C *>?@ A ( '  #%$ &

The boy came to me with his clothes torn.

In this example (5 ))' C is the 4

< 6 7  = of the Haal
*>?@ A ,as the sentence:

B )'C *>?@ A ( '  #%$ &

may be reconstructed in the

following way :
.B )'C D
 E?A ( > . ( '  #%$ &

3
 F 
 2 :
Here are some more examples of 

.L& . I *31   H:I 

 @ JK+ .G
I spoke to Zaynab with her husband present.

.L )'R * 6 .?H A  NE3 5 O P 

  JK Q .M
I received this letter with its stamps removed.

.L =C. V* W (X

 A V -  
 :3 TU  .S
I bought the car with its papers having been renewed.

[L&&I *-'0 A 8

 Q- N , QZ .Y
Are you selling your car with its glass broken?

.B A W *a7( TA ]^_

 T
 @  `
 :3X
  4 !
 . .\
The wounded man arrived at the hospital with his blood gushing
out.

Note that in: B )' C *>?@ A *(. 

 :Z- ,
the word *>?@ A is bc#N   .
 

4
 But in: B )' C *>?@ A ( '  
 :Z- ,
the word *>?@ A is  N

 .

Here *>?@ A cannot be d#N

 
   because ( '  is 73  A .

But *>?@ A can be made its  by changing it to 73  A :

.B )' C D
 ?@ @  ( '  
 :Z-

Here are some f

 :e. Please determine whether
*^K Tg
 A in each of them is d#N 
   or  N
  :

k
 - ?. 4 g
 H. f
< U.3 A 3  h . f
< U.3 A f
< H& i_
 Z jOJ ' P . )
[343 (2) +,-./0] lB K + Z *^KTg
 A

[MG (Sr) 3Aq?] lB 'Z *^KTg

 A *6-I B ) n
 3 g
 : oCm

*^KTg
 A f
< 3@ C B ) H& 3 t i7 %u A % @ v A
 ? Z $w JxZ 3 Q o Z)
[My (S\) 3R7] lL'Z

b# H : Grammar Lesson 2.

See our Shaykh’s new video lecture on b
2 in the new series: ‘Advanced Arabic Grammar Lectures’. 5