LISTA SEMANA 6 structures to be earthquake resistant.
In Haiti, by
VETORIAL SISTEMA DE ENSINO
LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA- INGLÊS
PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti
The earthquake in Chile was far stronger than
the one that struck Haiti last month —
_______________ the death toll in this Caribbean
nation is magnitudes higher. The reasons are simple.
Chile is wealthier and infinitely better prepared, with
strict building codes, robust emergency response and a
long history of handling seismic catastrophes. No living
Haitian had experienced a quake at home when the Jan.
12 disaster crumbled their poorly constructed buildings.
And Chile was relatively lucky this time Saturday's
quake was centered offshore an estimated 21 miles
underground in a relatively unpopulated area while
Haiti's tectonic mayhem struck closer to the surface —
about 8 miles — and right on the edge of Port-auPrince,
factors that increased its destructiveness.
"Earthquakes don't kill — they don't create damage —
_______________," said Eric Calais, a Purdue
University geophysicist studying the Haiti quake.
The U.S. Geological Survey says eight Haitian
cities and towns — including this capital of 3 million —
suffered "violent" to "extreme" shaking in last month's
7-magnitude quake, which Haiti's government estimates
killed some 220,000 people and left about 1.2 homeless.
Chile's death toll was in the hundreds.
By contrast, no Chilean urban area suffered
more than "severe" shaking — the third most serious
level — Saturday in its 8.8-magnitude disaster, by
USGS measure. The quake was centered 200 miles
away from Chile's capital and largest city, Santiago.
In terms of energy released at the epicenter, said
Calais, the Chilean quake was 900 times stronger. But
energy dissipates rather quickly as distances grow from
epicenters — and the ground beneath Port-au-Prince is
less stable by comparison and "shakes like jelly," says
University of Miami geologist Tim Dixon.
Survivors of Haiti's quake described abject
panic — much of it well-founded as buildings imploded
around them.
Many Haitians grabbed cement pillars only to
watch them crumble in their hands. Haitians were not
schooled in how to react — by sheltering under tables
and door frames, and away from glass windows.
Chileans, on the other hand, have homes and offices
built to ride out quakes, their steel skeletons designed to
sway with seismic waves rather than resist them. "When
you look at the architecture in Chile you see buildings
that have damage, but not the complete pancaking that
you've got in Haiti," said Cameron Sinclair, executive
director of Architecture for Humanity, a 10-year-old
nonprofit that has helped people in 36 countries rebuild
after disasters.
Sinclair said he has architect colleagues in Chile
who have built thousands of low-income housing
contrast, there is no building code.
Patrick Midy, a leading Haitian architect, said
he knew of only three earthquake-resistant buildings in
the Western Hemisphere's poorest country.
_______________ received 400 requests for help the
day after the Haiti quake but he said it had yet to receive
a single request for help for Chile.
"On a per-capita basis, Chile has more
worldrenowned seismologists and earthquake engineers
than anywhere else," said Brian E. Tucker, president of
GeoHazards International, a nonprofit organization
based in Palo Alto, California.
Their advice is heeded by the government in
Latin America's wealthiest nation, getting built not just
into architects' blueprints and building codes but also
into government contingency planning.
"The fact that the president (Michelle Bachelet)
was out giving minute-to-minute reports a few hours
after the quake in the middle of the night gives you an
indication of their disaster response," said Sinclair.
Most Haitians didn't know whether their
president, Rene Preval, was alive or dead for at least a
day after the quake. The National Palace and his
residence — like most government buildings — had
collapsed.
Haiti's TV, cell phone networks and radio
stations were knocked off the air by the seismic jolt.
Col. Hugo Rodriguez, commander of the
Chilean aviation unit attached to the U.N. peacekeeping
force in Haiti, waited anxiously Saturday with his troops
for word from loved ones at home.
He said he knew his family was OK and
expressed confidence that Chile would ride out the
disaster.
"We are organized and prepared to deal with a
crisis, particularly a natural disaster," Rodriguez said.
"Chile is a country where there are a lot of natural
disasters."
Calais, the geologist, noted that frequent
seismic activity is as common to Chile as it is to the rest
of the Andean ridge. Chile experienced the strongest
earthquake on record in 1960, and Saturday's quake was
the nation's third of over magnitude-8.7.
"It's quite likely that every person there has felt
a major earthquake in their lifetime," he said, "whereas
the last one to hit Port-au-Prince was 250 years ago."
On Port-au-Prince's streets Saturday, many
people had not heard of Chile's quake. More than half a
million are homeless, most still lack electricity and are
preoccupied about trying to get enough to eat.
Fanfan Bozot, a 32-year-old reggae singer
having lunch with a friend, could only shake his head at
his government's reliance on international relief to
distribute food and water.
"Chile has a responsible government," he said,
waving his hand in disgust. "Our government is
incompetent."
QUESTÃO 1
Leia as seguintes afirmações: A) Quais os principais fatores que contribuíram para o
I. A população haitiana que testemunhou o penúltimo Chile não ter sofrido tantas consequências quanto o
terremoto ocorrido no país ainda guarda lembranças do Haiti em relação aos terremotos que atingiram os dois
incidente. países?
II. O geofísico Eric Calais afirma que terremotos, B) Qual dos dois países foi atingido pelo terremoto de
normalmente, não matam nem causam danos. maior magnitude?
III. As milhares de mortes ocorridas no Chile não se C) Como a ONG Architecture for Humanity pretende
comparam ao número de fatalidades no Haiti, que ajudar na reconstrução tanto do Haiti quanto do Chile?
supera a marca de 200 mil. D) Como muitos haitianos tentaram se proteger durante
Agora, marque o item correto: o terremoto?
A) Apenas a I e a II estão corretas.
B) Apenas a I e a III estão corretas. QUESTÃO 7
C) Todas estão erradas O espaço em branco no 13º parágrafo deve ser
D) Todas estão certas. preenchido por qual das seguintes opções?
A) Sinclair San Francisco’s based organization
QUESTÃO 2 B) Sinclair's San Francisco-based organization
Analise as seguintes afirmativas: C) Sinclair's San Francisco’s based organization
I. O vocábulo strict (2º parágrafo) equivale D) San Francisco-based organization by Sinclair
semanticamente a tough.
II. O vocábulo rather (7º parágrafo) pode ser substituído QUESTÃO 8
por somewhat. No trecho extraído do 19º parágrafo – Col. Hugo
III. O vocábulo abject (8º parágrafo) tem o mesmo Rodriguez (…) waited anxiously Saturday with his
sentido de feeble. troops for word from loved ones at home – a construção
A opção correta é: em negrito pode ser substituída por:
A) apenas a I. A) forged concernedly.
B) apenas a II. B) looked forward.
C) apenas a III. C) hoped incautiously.
D) apenas a I e a II. D) expected thoughtlessly.

QUESTÃO 3 QUESTÃO 9
O espaço em branco no 1º parágrafo do texto deve ser A lacuna no 4º parágrafo deve ser preenchida por:
preenchido por: A) unless there's nothing to be damaged.
A) yet. B) whereas. C) otherwise. D) albeit. B) unless there's nothing to damage.
C) if there's little to damage.
QUESTÃO 4 D) if there's nothing to damage.
Infere-se do texto que:
A) o treinamento dos haitianos sobre como lidar em QUESTÃO 10
uma situação de terremoto era precário, mas salvou O principal objetivo do texto é:
muitas vidas. A) divulgar os principais acontecimentos referentes aos
B) a arquitetura dos prédios haitianos pode ser terremotos ocorridos recentemente no Haiti e no Chile.
comparada com a dos chilenos, entretanto, a quantidade B) estabelecer comparações entre os terremotos
de prédios danificados no Chile foi bem menor, apesar ocorridos no Haiti e no Chile, bem como suas
do terremoto neste país ter sido mais forte. consequências.
C) no Chile, há prédios que foram projetados para C) mostrar como os governos dos dois países
balançarem conforme a força do terremoto, em vez de procederam no resgate às vítimas dos terremotos.
resistirem a eles. D) informar que tanto no Haiti quanto no Chile as baixas
D) a presidente chilena, Michelle Bachelet, estava fora podem representar índices históricos.
do país quando ocorreram os terremotos.
GABARITO
QUESTÃO 5
Marque o item incorreto: Durante um terremoto, é 1C
aconselhável: 2D
A) abrigar-se sob mesas. 3A
B) proteger-se sob portais. 4C
C) ficar longe de janelas de vidro. 5D
D) agarrar-se em colunas de concreto. 6C
7B
QUESTÃO 6 8B
Qual das perguntas a seguir não pode ser respondida 9D
pelo texto? 10 B