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EPTRI
June 2004
PRESENTATION ON
INTEGRATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
STRATEGIES - INDIA
I
E
S
I
N
D CANDIDATE CITY
I
A
N
STUDY AREA MAP
FOR
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL
STRATEGIES
Legend
o Industrial Areas
District boundary
HUDA boundary
I.E. MEDCHAL o
SHAMEERPET
Municipality Boundary
Hyderabad District / MCH boundary
CHANDULAL BARADARI
L.B.NAGAR
CHANDRAYANGUTTA AUTONAGAR
oMOINABAD RAJENDRANAGAR
o
SEIE KATTEDAN
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Kilometers
Centre of Excellence,
Spatial Environmental Planning
Environment Protection Training &
Research Institute, Hyderabad.
OVERALL OBJECTIVE
Analyzing and Identifying
Strategies that Achieve Multiple
Economic, Public Health and
Environmental Benefits while
Improving Local Air Quality and
Reducing Green House Gas
Emissions (GHG)
OBJECTIVES OF I.E.S
To quantify AAQ levels.
To assess air quality impact on public
health and suggest mitigation measures.
To build capacity for strategies to
reduce GHG emissions.
To develop and institutionalize an
analytical framework to aid policy
makers.
To establish inter-disciplinary team with
capabilities to conduct integrated
analysis.
OBJECTIVES OF I.E.S
Contd...
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,2 , 2 , 2 , 2 ,2 ,2 ,2 ,2 , 2 ,2 ,2 , 2
B R Y L P T V C
N
FE A PR A N
JU
G
SE C O E
JA M A M JU A
U O N D
M o n t h & Ye a r
Source: APPCB
INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS
Parameters monitored
include SO2, NOx, RSPM and
TSPM.
Air Emissions Inventory
Data collected from regional PCB
offices in the study area for over 550
industries registered with APPCB.
Data collected for each industry
includes type of fuel used, quantity
of fuel, stack test data, control
equipment information, etc.
Base year for inventory is CY 2001.
Emissions Estimation
Stack test data and emissions factors
used to estimate PM 10 and GHG
emissions from fuel usage.
GHG emission factors for India obtained
from international council of local
environmental initiatives (ICLEI).
PM 10 emission factors obtained from a
couple of sources: USEPA AP-42
document, and World Bank Study (Rapid
Assessment Method, using modified EFs
from WHO and EPA).
Final Results For Industrial
Emissions Inventory (Cy 2001) For
Baseline Scenario.
TOTAL ANNUAL TOTAL ANNUAL
GHG EMISSIONS PM10 EMISSIONS
FOR STUDY AREA
FOR STUDY AREA
(TONS eCO2):
(TONS):
Control Scenario
The Air Quality Modeling (AQM) modeling study under the IES-India project
was carried out for the Hyderabad Urban Development Area (HUDA) which
covers Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH), surrounding ten
Municipalities and outgrowth areas.
The base year considered for this AQM study was Calendar Year (CY)
2001.
The ISC3 model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model, which can be used to
assess pollutant concentrations from a wide variety of sources associated with in
the study area.
The important feature of the model includes handling multiple sources like point,
volume, area, and open pit source types.
After close observation of the study area and past experience in this area, EPTRI
has chosen the ISC3 model in order to predict ambient air concentrations for the
IES-India study.
AQM was carried out for the following Scenarios:
1)Baseline Scenario-2001
2) Business as usual(BAU)-2011
3)BAU-2011 with Effective Bus Transit System
4)BAU-2011 with Combined NG&BG fuel
5) BAU-2011 with Control
6) BAU-2011 with Fuel Additives
7) Business as usual(BAU)-2021
8)BAU-2021 with Effective Bus Transit System
9)BAU-2021 with Combined NG&BG fuel
10) BAU-2021 with Control
11) BAU-2021 with Fuel Additives
AQM Results – Baseline, BAU 2011& BAU 2021 Scenarios
Fig. 1.5.2(a)
Predicted GLCs of PM 10
1200
1000
o n cen tratio n s (u g /m 3 )
800
600
400
200
0
i
l
ll y
ea
ly
a
am
ru
gir
r
r
pa
r
pu
wa
ga
sa
pr
ga
al
pa
he
Ar
j
Up
ka
ll a
ar
Ka
Na
tp
tke
na
Al
nc
am
nn
ka
CH
bu
al
ra
ha
ta
B
Ku
ng
dia
ut
nd
M
Pa
G
L
rl i
je
ad
Se
Ra
G
BL - 2001 BAU - 2011 BAU - 2021
C o n c e n tr a tio n s (u g /m 3 )
M
1000
1200
0
200
400
600
800
CH
Ra Ar
je ea
nd
ra
na
ga
L r
B
Na
ga
r
Up
pa
l
Ka
pr
a
M
BL - 2001
a lk
aj
gi r
i
Al
wa
Qu l
tb
Fig. 1.5.2(b)
BAU - 2011
u ll
ap
Ku
ka
Se tp
al
rli n ly
ga
m
pa
BAU - 2021
Pa ll y
ta
nc
he
Gh ru
at
Ga ke
sa
dd r
ia
nn
ar
am
AQM Results – Baseline, BAU 2011& BAU 2021 Scenarios
Air Quality Modeling was carried out for BAU-2011 and
BAU-2021 with the four selected alternative mitigation
scenarios.
The following are the selected four alternative
mitigations scenarios.
1) Transportation Sector:
i) More effective bus transit system
2) Industrial Sector:
i)Combined natural gas (NG) and biogas ( BG)
Scenario.
ii)Control Scenario
iii)Fuel Additive Scenario
M C o n c e n tr a tio n s (u g /m 3 )
Ra CH
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
je
nd A r e
ra a
na
L ga
BAU - 2011
B r
Na
ga
Up r
pa
Ka l
Trans - BT
M pr a
a lk
aj
gi r
i
Qu A lw
Fig. 1.6.1(a)
tb al
u ll
Ind - NG+BG
K u a pu
Predicted GLCs of PM10
Se k r
rlin at pa
ga l ly
MCH and Surroundings Pa pa m
Ind - Ctrl
ta ll y
nc
Gh h e r
Ga a u
d d tk e s
Ind - FA
ia
nn ar
ar
am
AQM Results – BAU 2011(Mitigation Scenarios)
AQM Results – BAU 2011(Mitigation Scenarios)
Fig. 1.6.1(b)
Predicted GLCs of PM 10
450
C o n c e n t ra t io n s ( u g /m 3 )
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
l
ri
a
l
pa
ea
l ly
ur
r
wa
ru
ar
ll y
pr
jgi
m
ga
ar
tp a
es
Up
he
Ar
ra
pa
Ka
l ka
ag
Al
ll a
Na
na
a tk
nc
ka
m
H
an
tb u
Ma
MC
ia n
ta
LB
ga
Gh
Ku
dr
Qu
Pa
r l in
jen
dd
Ga
Se
Ra
M
Ra CH
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
je
nd Ar e
ra a
L nag
B a
BAU-2021
Na r
ga
Up r
pa
Ka l
Trans-BT
M p ra
al
ka
jg
ir
Q u Al w i
Fig. 1.6.2(a)
tb u a l
Ind-NG+BG
Ku ll ap
Se k a u r
Predicted GLCs of PM 10
r l i tp a
ng
am l ly
MCH and Surroundings Pa p
Ind-Ctrl
t a all
n y
G ch e
G h a ru
Ind-FA a d t ke
dia sa
nn r
ar
am
AQM Results – BAU 2021(Mitigation Scenarios)
AQM Results – BAU 2021(Mitigation Scenarios)
Fig. 1.6.2(b)
Predicted GLCs of PM 10
1200
C o n cen tratio n s (u g /m 3 )
1000
800
600
400
200
0
ir i
l
a
ea
ly
r
ll y
pa
r
ru
am
wa
r
pu
pr
ga
sa
jg
ga
al
pa
he
Ar
Up
Ka
ka
ll a
Na
tp
ar
Al
tke
na
nc
am
ka
CH
al
nn
bu
ra
ha
ta
B
Ku
ut
ng
dia
nd
M
Pa
G
L
rli
je
ad
Se
Ra
G
MCH and Surroundings
BAU-2021 Trans-BT Ind-NG+BG Ind-Ctrl Ind-FA
Conclusions Derived From AQ Modeling:
Comparing all the scenarios, the maximum concentrations are obtained
in MCH area. This may be due to movement of high vehicular population.
The projected avg. concentrations during BAU-2021 are very high.
it is observed that Effective Bus Transit mitigation scenario is the most
effective scenario, as compared to other scenarios, in reducing the
particulate and GHG emissions. With Bus Transit scenario, ambient
pollutant concentrations are down to about 1/3 of corresponding BAU
levels.
Industrial mitigation scenarios are not significant in MCH area. But they
are significant in reduction of GLCs in some the industrial areas, such as
Rajendranagar, Gaddiannaram, Patancheru, Qutbullapur etc.
Limitations of AQ Modeling
Study
Emissions information pertaining to 23
industries that had emissions of 10 tons
per year or greater in 2001 were selected
as point sources and the pollution loads
from the remaining industries were
considered as area sources.
Policy Adjusted
Scenarios for Emissions
Components Factors for
1&2 Component
3
TDF
Transportation Analysis
Results for Transportation
Baseline Scenario (CY 2001)
Total Annual GHG Total Annual PM10
Emissions for Study Emissions for Study
Area (tons eCO2)
Area (tons)
CO2: 844,869
N2O: 2,263
PM10: 1,825
CH4: 185,110
Selected Transportation
Mitigation Scenario Results
More Effective Bus Transit Scenario:
% Reduction in Emissions:
2011 2021
PM10: 35% 55%
CO2 13% 34%
N2O - 30%
CH4 38% 59%
Selected Transportation
Mitigation Scenario Results
Multi-Modal Transport System (Light Rail)
% Reduction in Emissions:
2011 2021
PM10: 2.5% 4.6%
CO2 2.14% 10.21%
N2O - 30 %
CH4 1.7% 3.49%
Damage Function Approach For
Health Effects Analysis
Pollutant
Emissions
Background Ambient
Concentrations Atmospheric models
Concentrations