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Bitumen Blowing
Asphaltic bitumen, normally called "bitumen" is obtained by vacuum Google Search
distillation or vacuum flashing of an atmospheric residue. This is "
straight run" bitumen. An alternative method of bitumen production is
by precipitation from residual fractions by propane or butane- solvent Google Search
deasphalting.The bitumen thus obtained has properties which derive
from the type of crude oil processed and from the mode of operation in
the vacuum unit or in the solvent deasphalting unit. The grade of the
bitumen depends on the amount of volatile material that remains in the
product: the smaller the amount of volatiles, the harder the residual
bitumen.In most cases, the refinery bitumen production by straight run
vacuum distillation does not meet the market product quality
requirements. Authorities and industrial users have formulated a
variety of bitumen grades with often stringent quality specifications,
such as narrow ranges for penetration and softening point. These
special grades are manufactured by blowing air through the hot liquid
bitumen in a BITUMEN BLOWING UNIT. What type of reactions take
place when a certain bitumen is blown to grade? Bitumen may be
regarded as colloidal system of highly condensed aromatic particles
(asphaltenes) suspended in a continuous oil phase. By blowing, the
asphaltenes are partially dehydrogenated (oxidised) and form larger
chains of asphaltenic molecules via polymerisation and condensation
mechanism. Blowing will yield a harder and more brittle bitumen (lower
penetration, higher softening point), not by stripping off lighter
components but changing the asphaltenes phase of the bitumen. The
bitumen blowing process is not always successful: a too soft feedstock
cannot be blown to an on-specification harder grade.The blowing
process is carried out continuously in a blowing column. The liquid level
in the blowing column is kept constant by means of an internal draw-
off pipe. This makes it possible to set the air-to-feed ratio (and thus
the product quality) by controlling both air supply and feed supply rate.
The feed to the blowing unit (at approximately 210 0C), enters the
column just below the liquid level and flows downward in the column
and then upward through the draw-off pipe. Air is blown through the
molten mass (280-300 0C) via an air distributor in the bottom of the
column. The bitumen and air flow are countercurrent, so that air low in
oxygen meets the fresh feed first. This, together with the mixing effect
of the air bubbles jetting through the molten mass, will minimise the
temperature effects of the exothermic oxidation reactions: local
overheating and cracking of bituminous material. The blown bitumen is
withdrawn continuously from the surge vessel under level control and
pumped to storage through feed/product heat exchangers.

Posted by Crude Oil at 6:17 AM

1 COMMENT:

Jasani said...
Informative

March 26, 2019 at 3:44 AM

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Hydrotreating
Vacuum Distillation
Bitumen Blowing
Hubbert peak theory
Alternative methods
Extraction
Classification
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