NATIONAL GREEK EXAM 2015

Beginning Greek Exam – vocabulary list (supplement to syllabus)

This list contains the Introductory exam list; these words will not be glossed on the NGE

µανθάνω learn
VERBS µένω remain, endure, await
-ω conjugation νικάω conquer, win
ἄγω lead, bring, pass (time) νοµίζω believe
ἀγγέλλω report, tell οἰκέω inhabit, occupy
ἀδικέω do wrong; injure ὀνοµάζω call by name
αἱρέω take, grasp; (mid.) choose ὁράω see
αἴρω raise ὁρµάω urge; (intr.) hurry
αἰτέω ask, beg παρέχω provide
ἀκούω hear πάσχω suffer, experience
ἁµαρτάνω miss, fail, make a mistake παύω stop
ἀποθνῄσχω die πείθω persuade, convince; (mid. and
ἀποκρίνω separate; (mid.) answer, reply pass.) obey, trust in (+ dat.)
ἀποκτείνω kill πειράω try, test (+ gen.)
ἄρχω begin, lead, rule (+ gen.) πέµπω send
βαίνω walk, come, go πίνω drink
βάλλω throw, hit πίπτω fall
βλέπω see, look πιστεύω trust, rely on, believe in (+ dat.)
βοηθέω assist (+ dat.) πλέω sail
βουλεύω deliberate, resolve ποιέω make, do, make happen;
γιγνώσκω know, learn, judge, think (mid.) consider, reckon
γράφω write, draw πολεµέω make war
δεῖ it is necessary πορεύω carry; (mid.) go, march
διδάσκω teach πράττω do
διώκω pursue σκοπέω look at, examine
δοκεῖ it seems (best) to (+ dat.) σῴζω save
δοκέω seem, seem good; τάττω arrange
δράω do τέµνω cut
ἐάω allow, permit τίκτω give birth
ἐθέλω want, be willing τιµάω honor
εἰµί be, exist τολµάω dare
ἐλαύνω drive τρέπω turn
ἐρωτάω ask τρέφω feed, support, educate
εὑρίσκω find φαίνω make appear, explain;
ἔχω have, hold (mid.) appear to be (+ infin.)
ζάω live φέρω carry, bring; φέρε come on!
ζητέω seek φεύγω flee, run away
θαυµάζω be amazed φοβέω frighten; (mid.) flee, fear
θύω sacrifice φυλάττω watch, guard, defend
καλέω call φύω produce
κελεύω order
κινέω move deponent
κοµίζω provide for αἰσθάνοµαι perceive
κρατέω rule, conquer (+gen.) ἀφικνέοµαι come to, arrive at
κρίνω judge, decide, determine βούλοµαι want, be willing, prefer
κωλύω prevent γίγνοµαι happen, become, be born
λαλέω talk, babble δέχοµαι take, accept; welcome, entertain
λαµβάνω take, grab; receive, get δύναµαι be able, can
λέγω say, speak, report ἕποµαι follow
λείπω leave, abandon ἐργάζοµαι work
λύω loosen, destroy ἔρχοµαι come, go
ἡγέοµαι lead, consider
κτάοµαι get, acquire
µάχοµαι fight
πυνθάνοµαι learn, hear, inquire about
πειράοµαι), try, test (+ gen.)
NOUNS
st
1 declension
ἀδελφή -ῆς ἡ sister
αἰτία -ας ἡ cause, origin; accusation
ἀνάγκη -ης ἡ necessity
ἀρετή -ῆς ἡ excellence
ἀρχή -ῆς ἡ beginning, authority, office
βουλή -ῆς ἡ council, plan, advice
γῆ γῆς ἡ earth
γνώµη -ης ἡ idea, intelligence, opinion
δίκη -ης ἡ justice; legal case
εἰρήνη -ης ἡ peace
ἐπιστήµη -ης ἡ knowledge
ἡδονή -ῆς ἡ pleasure, enjoyment
ἡµέρα -ας ἡ day
θεά -ᾶς goddess
κεφαλή -ῆς ἡ head
µάχη -ης ἡ battle
νίκη -ης ἡ victory
οἰκία -ας ἡ building, house
στρατιά -ᾶς ἡ army
σωτηρία -ας ἡ safety
τέχνη -ης ἡ art, skill
τιµή -ῆς ἡ value, honor
τροφή -ῆς ἡ nourishment, food
τύχη -ης ἡ luck, fate
φωνή -ῆς ἡ sound, voice
χώρα -ας ἡ land, place
ψυχή -ῆς ἡ breath, soul
(short -α in nom. and acc.)
ἀλήθεια -ας ἡ truth
γλῶττα -ης ἡ tongue, language
δόξα -ης ἡ opinion, judgment, glory
θάλαττα -ης ἡ sea
θεός -οῦ, ὁ/ἡ god, goddess
ἵππος -ου ὁ horse
κίνδυνος -ου ὁ danger
κόσµος -ου ὁ order, decoration, world
κύκλος -ου ὁ circle
κύριος -ου ὁ lord, master
λαός -οῦ ὁ the people, folk
λίθος -ου ὁ stone
λόγος -ου ὁ word, speech; thought,
reason, account, reckoning
νόµος -ου ὁ custom, tradition, law
νόσος -ου ὁ disease
ξένος -ου ὁ guest/friend/host;
foreigner, stranger
οἶκος -ου ὁ house, home, family
ὅπλον -ου τό weapon, tool (mostly pl.)
οὐρανός -οῦ ὁ sky, heaven
ὀφθαλµός -οῦ ὁ eye
πολέµιοι -ων οἱ the enemy
πόλεµος -ου ὁ war
πόνος -ου ὁ work, stress, trouble, pain
ποταµός -οῦ ὁ river
στρατηγός -οῦ ὁ general
στρατός -οῦ ὁ army
σύµµαχοι -ων οἱ allies
τόπος -ου ὁ place, topic
τρόπος -ου ὁ way, turn
υἱός -οῦ ὁ son
φόβος -ου ὁ panic, fear
χρόνος -ου ὁ time
(fem.)
ὁδός -οῦ ἡ road
(neut.)
ἀργύριον -ου τό money, silver
ἔργον -ου τό work, deed, exploit
ζῷον -ου τό living being, animal
πρόσωπον -ου τό face, mask, person
σηµεῖον -ου τό sign
τέκνον -ου τό child

(masc.)
δεσπότης -ου ὁ master ADJECTIVES
nd st
στρατιώτης -ου ὁ soldier 2 and 1 declension adjectives
ἀγαθός -ή -όν good, brave, noble
nd
2 declension αἰσχρός -ά -όν ugly, disgraceful
(masc.) ἄλλος -η -ον other
ἀδελφός -οῦ ὁ brother ἀµφότερος -α -ον both
ἄνθρωπος -ου, ὁ/ἡ human being ἄξιος -α -ον worthy
ἀριθµός -οῦ ὁ number ἄριστος -η -ον best
βίος -ου ὁ life δεινός -ή -όν awesome, terrible
δῆµος -ου ὁ people δῆλος -η -ον clear, visible
δοῦλος -ου ὁ slave δίκαιος -α -ον just
ἥλιος -ου ὁ sun δυνατός -ή -όν able
θάνατος -ου ὁ death ἕκαστος -η -ον each
ἑκάτερος -α -ον each of two
ἐκεῖνος -η -ο that
ἐλεύθερος -α -ον free
ἐµός -ή -όν my, mine
ἕτερος -α -ον other
ἐχθρός -ά -όν hated, hostile
ἡµέτερος -α -ον our
ἴδιος -α -ον one’s own, private
ἱερός -ά -όν holy, sacred
ἱκανός -ή -όν sufficient
ἴσος -η -ον equal to (+ dat.);
ἰσχυρός -ά -όν strong
κακός -ή -όν bad, cowardly
καλός -ή -όν beautiful, noble
κοινός -ή -όν common
λαµπρός -ά -όν bright, brilliant, famous
λοιπός -ή -όν remaining
µακρός -ά -όν long, tall, large
µέγας, µεγάλη, µέγα big
µέσος -η -ον middle
µικρός -ά -όν small, little, short
µόνος -η -ον alone, single
νέος -α -ον young, new
ὀλίγος -η -ον few, little, small
ὅλος -η -ον whole, complete
ὅµοιος -α -ον like, resembling
ὀρθός -ή -όν straight, true, regular
παλαιός -ά -όν old
πλεῖστος -η -ον most, largest
(superl. of πολύς)
πολύς, πολλή, πολύ much, many
πονηρός -ά -όν worthless, bad
ῥᾴδιος -α -ον easy
σός -ή -όν your, yours (sing.)
σοφός -ή -όν wise
ὑµέτερος -α -ον your, yours (pl.)
φανερός -ά -όν clear, evident
φίλος -η -ον beloved, dear
χαλεπός -ή -όν difficult
χαλκοῦς -ῆ -οῦν bronze
nd
2 declension adjectives
ἄδικος -ον unjust
βάρβαρος -ον barbaric, not Greek, foreign
+ πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν every, all
ADVERBS
ἆρα (particle introducing a question)
γε at least (emphasizes preceding word)
οὐ οὐκ οὐχ not
οὕτως in this way
πότε when?
πῶς how?
NUMBERS
εἷς, µία, ἕν one
πρῶτος -η -ον first
δύο two
δεὐτερος -α -ον second
τρεῖς, τρία three
τρίτος -η -ον third
τέτταρες, τέτταρα four
τέταρτος -η -ον fourth
πέντε five πέµπτος -η -ον fifth
ἕξ six ἕκτος -η -ον sixth
ἑπτά seven ἕβδοµος -η -ον seventh
ὀκτώ eight ὄγδοος -η -ον eighth
ἐννέα nine ἔνατος -η -ον ninth
δέκα ten δἔκατος -η -ον tenth
PRONOUNS
αὐτός -ή -ό self, same, s/he/it
ἑαυτοῦ -ῆς -οῦ him/her/itself
ἐγώ ἐµοῦ, (pl.) ἡµεῖς ἡµῶν I, we
οὐδείς, οὐδεµία, οὐδέν no one, nothing
σύ, σοῦ, (pl.) ὑµεῖς, ὑµῶν you
τις, τι someone, something
τίς, τί who? what? which?
PREPOSITIONS
ἀνά up (+gen., dat., acc.)
ἀντί opposite (+gen.)
ἀπό from (+gen.)
διά through, because of (+ gen., acc.)
εἰς into, to, towards (+acc.)
ἐκ, ἐξ from, out of (+gen.)
ἐν in, among (+dat.)
ἐπί at (+ gen.); on (+ dat.); against (+
acc.)
κατά down (+ gen. or acc.)
µετά with (+gen.), after (+acc.)
περί around, about (+gen., dat., acc.)
πρό before, in front of (+gen.)
πρός to (+dat.), in addition to (+acc.)
σύν with (+dat.)
ὑπέρ for (+gen), beyond (+acc.)
ὑπό by (+gen), under (+gen., dat.),
down under (+acc.)
CONJUNCTIONS
ἀλλά but
γάρ for, because
δέ and, but
ἐπεί after, since, when
καί and, also, even
µέν…δέ (contrasts a pair)
ὅτι because, that
οὐδέ but not
οὔτε and not
τε and; τε . . . τε both . . . and γνώµη -ης ἡ idea, intelligence, opinion
ὥστε that (result) γράφω write, draw
ALPHABETICAL δέ and, but
δεῖ it is necessary
ἀγαθός -ή -όν good, brave, noble δεινός -ή -όν awesome, terrible
ἀγγέλλω report, tell δέκα ten δἔκατος -η -ον tenth
ἄγω lead, bring, pass (time) δεσπότης -ου ὁ master
ἀδελφή -ῆς ἡ sister δεὐτερος -α -ον second
ἀδελφός -οῦ ὁ brother δέχοµαι take, accept; welcome, entertain
ἀδικέω do wrong; injure δῆλος -η -ον clear, visible
ἄδικος -ον unjust δῆµος -ου ὁ people
αἱρέω take, grasp; (mid.) choose διά through, because of (+ gen., acc.)
αἴρω raise διδάσκω teach
αἰσθάνοµαι perceive δίκαιος -α -ον just
αἰσχρός -ά -όν ugly, disgraceful δίκη -ης ἡ justice; legal case
αἰτέω ask, beg διώκω pursue
αἰτία -ας ἡ cause, origin; accusation δοκεῖ it seems (best) to (+ dat.)
ἀκούω hear δοκέω seem, seem good;
ἀλήθεια -ας ἡ truth δόξα -ης ἡ opinion, judgment, glory
ἀλλά but δοῦλος -ου ὁ slave
ἄλλος -η -ον other δράω do
ἁµαρτάνω miss, fail, make a mistake δύναµαι be able, can
ἀµφότερος -α -ον both δυνατός -ή -όν able
ἀνά up (+gen., dat., acc.) δύο two
ἀνάγκη -ης ἡ necessity ἑαυτοῦ -ῆς -οῦ him/her/itself
ἄνθρωπος -ου, ὁ/ἡ human being ἐάω allow, permit
ἀντί opposite (+gen.) ἐγώ ἐµοῦ, (pl.) ἡµεῖς ἡµῶν I, we
ἄξιος -α -ον worthy ἐθέλω want, be willing
ἀπό from (+gen.) εἰµί be, exist
ἀποθνῄσχω die εἰρήνη -ης ἡ peace
ἀποκρίνω separate; (mid.) answer, reply εἰς into, to, towards (+acc.)
ἀποκτείνω kill εἷς, µία, ἕν one
ἆρα (particle introducing a question) ἐκ, ἐξ from, out of (+gen.)
ἀργύριον -ου τό money, silver ἕκαστος -η -ον each
ἀρετή -ῆς ἡ excellence ἑκάτερος -α -ον each of two
ἀριθµός -οῦ ὁ number ἐκεῖνος -η -ο that
ἄριστος -η -ον best ἐλαύνω drive
ἀρχή -ῆς ἡ beginning, authority, office ἐλεύθερος -α -ον free
ἄρχω begin, lead, rule (+ gen.) ἐµός -ή -όν my, mine
αὐτός -ή -ό self, same, s/he/it ἐν in, among (+dat.)
ἀφικνέοµαι come to, arrive at ἐννέα nine ἔνατος -η -ον ninth
βαίνω walk, come, go ἕξ six ἕκτος -η -ον sixth
βάλλω throw, hit ἐπεί after, since, when
βάρβαρος -ον barbaric, not Greek, foreign ἐπί at (+ gen.); on (+ dat.); against (+
βίος -ου ὁ life acc.)
βλέπω see, look ἐπιστήµη -ης ἡ knowledge
βοηθέω assist (+ dat.) ἕποµαι follow
βουλεύω deliberate, resolve ἑπτά seven ἕβδοµος -η -ον seventh
βουλή -ῆς ἡ council, plan, advice ἐργάζοµαι work
βούλοµαι want, be willing, prefer ἔργον -ου τό work, deed, exploit
γάρ for, because ἔρχοµαι come, go
γε at least (emphasizes preceding word) ἐρωτάω ask
γῆ γῆς ἡ earth ἕτερος -α -ον other
γίγνοµαι happen, become, be born εὑρίσκω find
γιγνώσκω know, learn, judge, think ἐχθρός -ά -όν hated, hostile
γλῶττα -ης ἡ tongue, language ἔχω have, hold
ζάω live µέσος -η -ον middle
ζητέω seek µετά with (+gen.), after (+acc.)
ζῷον -ου τό living being, animal µικρός -ά -όν small, little, short
ἡγέοµαι lead, consider µόνος -η -ον alone, single
ἡδονή -ῆς ἡ pleasure, enjoyment νέος -α -ον young, new
ἥλιος -ου ὁ sun νικάω conquer, win
ἡµέρα -ας ἡ day νίκη -ης ἡ victory
ἡµέτερος -α -ον our νοµίζω believe
θάλαττα -ης ἡ sea νόµος -ου ὁ custom, tradition, law
θάνατος -ου ὁ death νόσος -ου ὁ disease
θαυµάζω be amazed ξένος -ου ὁ guest/friend/host; foreigner,
θεά -ᾶς goddess stranger
θεός -οῦ, ὁ/ἡ god, goddess ὁδός -οῦ ἡ road
θύω sacrifice οἰκέω inhabit, occupy
ἴδιος -α -ον one’s own, private οἰκία -ας ἡ building, house
ἱερός -ά -όν holy, sacred οἶκος -ου ὁ house, home, family
ἱκανός -ή -όν sufficient ὀκτώ eight ὄγδοος -η -ον eighth
ἵππος -ου ὁ horse ὀλίγος -η -ον few, little, small
ἴσος -η -ον equal to (+ dat.); ὅλος -η -ον whole, complete
ἰσχυρός -ά -όν strong ὅµοιος -α -ον like, resembling
καί and, also, even ὀνοµάζω call by name
κακός -ή -όν bad, cowardly ὅπλον -ου τό weapon, tool (mostly pl.)
καλέω call ὁράω see
καλός -ή -όν beautiful, noble ὀρθός -ή -όν straight, true, regular
κατά down (+ gen. or acc.) ὁρµάω urge; (intr.) hurry
κελεύω order ὅτι because, that
κεφαλή -ῆς ἡ head οὐ οὐκ οὐχ not
κίνδυνος -ου ὁ danger οὐδέ but not
κινέω move οὐδείς, οὐδεµία, οὐδέν no one, nothing
κοινός -ή -όν common οὐρανός -οῦ ὁ sky, heaven
κοµίζω provide for οὔτε and not
κόσµος -ου ὁ order, decoration, world οὕτως in this way
κρατέω rule, conquer (+gen.) ὀφθαλµός -οῦ ὁ eye
κρίνω judge, decide, determine παλαιός -ά -όν old
κτάοµαι get, acquire παρέχω provide
κύκλος -ου ὁ circle πάσχω suffer, experience
κύριος -ου ὁ lord, master παύω stop
κωλύω prevent πείθω persuade, convince; (mid. and
λαλέω talk, babble pass.) obey, trust in (+ dat.)
λαµβάνω take, grab; receive, get πειράοµαι), try, test (+ gen.)
λαµπρός -ά -όν bright, brilliant, famous πειράω try, test (+ gen.)
λαός -οῦ ὁ the people, folk πέµπω send
λέγω say, speak, report πέντε five πέµπτος -η -ον fifth
λείπω leave, abandon περί around, about (+gen., dat., acc.)
λίθος -ου ὁ stone πίνω drink
λόγος -ου ὁ word, speech; thought, πίπτω fall
reason, account, reckoning πιστεύω trust, rely on, believe in (+ dat.)
λοιπός -ή -όν remaining πλεῖστος -η -ον most, largest
λύω loosen, destroy πλέω sail
µακρός -ά -όν long, tall, large ποιέω make, do, make happen;
µανθάνω learn πολεµέω make war
µάχη -ης ἡ battle πολέµιοι -ων οἱ the enemy
µάχοµαι fight πόλεµος -ου ὁ war
µέγας, µεγάλη, µέγα big πολύς, πολλή, πολύ much, many
µέν…δέ (contrasts a pair) πονηρός -ά -όν worthless, bad
µένω remain, endure, await πόνος -ου ὁ work, stress, trouble, pain
πορεύω carry; (mid.) go, march φυλάττω watch, guard, defend
ποταµός -οῦ ὁ river φύω produce
πότε when? φωνή -ῆς ἡ sound, voice
πράττω do χαλεπός -ή -όν difficult
πρό before, in front of (+gen.) χαλκοῦς -ῆ -οῦν bronze
πρός to (+dat.), in addition to (+acc.) χρόνος -ου ὁ time
πρόσωπον -ου τό face, mask, person χώρα -ας ἡ land, place
πρῶτος -η -ον first ψυχή -ῆς ἡ breath, soul
πυνθάνοµαι learn, hear, inquire about -ω conjugation
πῶς how? ὥστε that (result)
ῥᾴδιος -α -ον easy
σηµεῖον -ου τό sign
σκοπέω look at, examine
σός -ή -όν your, yours (sing.)
σοφός -ή -όν wise
στρατηγός -οῦ ὁ general
στρατιά -ᾶς ἡ army
στρατιώτης -ου ὁ soldier
στρατός -οῦ ὁ army
σύ, σοῦ, (pl.) ὑµεῖς, ὑµῶν you
σύµµαχοι -ων οἱ allies
σύν with (+dat.)
σῴζω save
σωτηρία -ας ἡ safety
τάττω arrange
τε and; τε . . . τε both . . . and
τέκνον -ου τό child
τέµνω cut
τέταρτος -η -ον fourth
τέτταρες, τέτταρα four
τέχνη -ης ἡ art, skill
τίκτω give birth
τιµάω honor
τιµή -ῆς ἡ value, honor
τις, τι someone, something
τίς, τί who? what? which?
τολµάω dare
τόπος -ου ὁ place, topic
τρεῖς, τρία three
τρέπω turn
τρέφω feed, support, educate
τρίτος -η -ον third
τρόπος -ου ὁ way, turn
τροφή -ῆς ἡ nourishment, food
τύχη -ης ἡ luck, fate
υἱός -οῦ ὁ son
ὑµέτερος -α -ον your, yours (pl.)
ὑπέρ for (+gen), beyond (+acc.)
ὑπό by (+gen), under (+gen., dat.),
φαίνω make appear, explain;
φανερός -ά -όν clear, evident
φέρω carry, bring; φέρε come on!
φεύγω flee, run away
φίλος -η -ον beloved, dear
φοβέω frighten; (mid.) flee, fear
φόβος -ου ὁ panic, fear