ORONA

Naol Debele
Leadership
Team leaders
Sponsorship
 Mission
Teaching citizens to research, design, build, and conduct hands-on
scientific experiments, Orona works to empower all citizens.
What we will build
Why
Why Not
 Gathering place for people who
want to learn and grow their interests

And

Explore

And

Make an Impact. How?

Impact
 1. It is highly motivational since it mainly focuses on hands on activities.
2. It serves as a bridge to change theory into practice .
3. It serves as the means of technology transfer.
4. It helps students to be introduced to the research and scientific methods of
solving problems.
5. It helps the students to be creative and innovative.
6. It helps the students and participants of the project to be active citizens who can
give back to their society through community service.
Challenges
Funding and Some Equipments (Helium)
Earth’s atmosphere
Risk
Materials
Design
However, What can we make at home using the
below listed materials? Hint. Don’t over think!
How does the weather balloon create the uplift?
Our CubeSat floats because of buoyancy.

The upthrust [UT] available using a sealed balloon is proportional to the weight of
displaced air, where [BV] is the balloon volume and [g] is the gravitational
acceleration.
Note:

The balloon, of diameter will expand as the air density decreases, as a direct consequence the forces exerted
on the balloon material will increase.
The weight force acting on the CubeSat is w=m_t*g , where m_t is the total
CubeSat mass. Another force acting on the CubeSat is the drag exerted by the air
the CubeSat is moving in. The direction of drag is dependent on the lateral
movement of the balloon. Laterals dynamic of the balloon is dominated by
horizontal wind component.

To simplify we will consider a small angle of attack . Drag force expression is:
W_r is the still air rise rate in m/s
A is the cross area of the balloon
C_[dr] is the coefficient of drag for the balloon.

The coefficient of drag is dependent on [a] angle of attack and Re [Reynolds number].
This drag coefficient should consider the contribute of the payload and rigging,
but this former contributes are often neglected, most accurate way to determine
coefficient value is by flight test or wind tunnel testing.
A less accurate approximation is to consider the balloon as a perfect sphere, in such a way we can use the
coefficient of drag for a sphere.
What happens after the balloon explodes?
To avoid mushing of the payload the recovery parachute should be correctly sized. Reusing ascending
equations and replacing the parachute coefficient of drag c_dd instead of the balloon c_d we get the
expression of vertical descending speed.

Where A_d is the area of the parachute. Equation

 But wait!

we will definitely definitely definitely overestimate the descending speed, what did we forget in the
equation??
simulation
How does a satellite tracker work
What is the take-off weight
We want to Stay at 1300gm
Required amount of helium
At the End, You will not do what this kid did.
 Test
1. What can we make using the materials: Hot Ice Hand Warmers that will release heat from upto 2

hours.

2. The Reynolds number (Re) is an important dimensionless quantity in fluid mechanics used to help

predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations.

3. what did we forget in the equation?? The drag due to the CubeSat itself!