3(7523+<6,&692/12)(%58$5<3$*(6±),*85(6'2,3-91D

1RYHO&RPSRVLWH&HPHQWIRU,PSURYHG:HOO,QWHJULW\(YDOXDWLRQ
+DQL(OVKDKDZL6KDQ+XDQJ-DFRE3ROORFNDQG9LQRG9HHGX


$%675$&7

 )RU ( 3 FRPSDQLHV ZHOO LQWHJULW\ GXULQJ WKH FRPSRVLWH VWUXFWXUHV LQFOXGLQJ XQGHU PHFKDQLFDO ORDG
SURGXFWLRQ F\FOH LV RI SDUDPRXQW LPSRUWDQFH IRU DQG LQ VLPXODWHG HQYLURQPHQWDO WHVWV )LQDOO\ VKDOORZ
VDIHJXDUGLQJ KHDOWK VDIHW\ DQG WKH HQYLURQPHQW +6(
DQGIRUPDLQWDLQLQJWKHOLFHQVHWRRSHUDWH,QWKLVSDSHUZH
GHVFULEHWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIDFRPSRVLWHZHOOFHPHQWZLWK
VSHFL¿FHQKDQFHGDFRXVWLFVLJQDWXUHVWKDWFDQEHGHWHFWHG
E\WUDGLWLRQDOVRQLFORJJLQJWRROVDVZHOODVQH[WJHQHUDWLRQ
XOWUDVRQLFWRROV7KLVQHZDFRXVWLFDOO\UHVSRQVLYHFHPHQW
XVHVVSHFLDOO\HQJLQHHUHGSDUWLFOH¿OOHUVWKDWDFWDVDFRXVWLF
EDQGJDS¿OWHUVDQGFRQWUDVWDJHQWVDWVSHFL¿FIUHTXHQFLHV
7KH UHVXOWDQW DFRXVWLF VLJQDWXUH FDQ WKXV EH DQDO\]HG WR
GHWHUPLQHWKHPHFKDQLFDOLQWHJULW\RIWKHFHPHQWDVZHOODV
WKHPHFKDQLFDOVWUHVVH[SHULHQFHGE\WKHFHPHQW
 'XULQJ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKLV WHFKQRORJ\ ¿QLWH
HOHPHQWDQDO\VLVDQGVLPXODWLRQVZHUHXVHGWRGHWHUPLQHWKH
DFRXVWLFUHVSRQVHDQGJXLGHWKHGHVLJQRIWKHQHZFHPHQW
7KH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW ZDV SURGXFHG RQ WKH ODERUDWRU\
VFDOHDQGWKHDFRXVWLFEDQGJDSIHDWXUHVZHUHFRQ¿UPHG
XVLQJ YLEUDWLRQDO PHDVXUHPHQWV 8OWUDVRQLF VHQVRUV ZHUH
WKHQ XVHG WR GHWHUPLQH WKH DFRXVWLF UHVSRQVH RI VXEVFDOH
EXULHG SLSHV ZLWK FHPHQWHG DQQXOL DQG HQJLQHHUHG YRLGV
ZHUHFRQVWUXFWHGIRUSLORWWHVWLQJ'XULQJWKDW¿QDOVWDJH
DVOLPKROHPRQRSROHVRQLFORJJLQJWRROZDVXVHGWRPDS
WKHFHPHQWORFDWLRQDQGGHWHUPLQHWKHORFDWLRQDQGUHODWLYH
GHJUHHRIPHFKDQLFDOORDGLQJ
 6WUHVV ZDV DSSOLHG XVLQJ D YDULHW\ RI PHWKRGV DQG
PDSSHGDORQJWKHZHOOERUH7KHUHVXOWVLQGLFDWHGLPSURYHG
DFRXVWLF GHWHFWLRQ XVLQJ VRQLF ERQGORJ WRROV LQFOXGLQJ
XQLTXHO\ LGHQWL¿DEOH FHPHQW SODFHPHQW HQKDQFHG YRLG
GLVFULPLQDWLRQ DQG ORFDOL]DWLRQ RI ORDGHG UHJLRQV 7KH
DFRXVWLFDOO\ UHVSRQVLYH FHPHQW DOORZV GLVWLQJXLVKLQJ
EHWZHHQ ÀXLGV DQG OLJKWZHLJKW FHPHQW PRQLWRULQJ
RI IRUPDWLRQ GHSOHWLRQ DQG UHVHUYRLU FRPSDFWLRQ DQG
LQFUHDVHG NQRZOHGJH RI ZHOOERUH VWUHVVHV LQ WKH RLO
¿HOG )XUWKHUPRUH WKH PDWHULDO KDV WKH SRWHQWLDO WR EH
FRQWLQXRXVO\ PRQLWRUHG ZLWK DQ DFRXVWLF LQWHUURJDWLRQ
V\VWHP IRU UHPRWH UHDOWLPH LQGLFDWLRQ RI FHPHQW VWUHVV
DQGLQWHJULW\RQD]RQHE\]RQHEDVLV

,1752'8&7,21 FDVLQJ LQWHUIDFH 6KHLYHV HW DO  $ KLJKIUHTXHQF\

PXOWLSDGWRROZDVDOVRLQWURGXFHGWRSURYLGHFRPSHQVDWHG
 7R HQVXUH ZHOOERUH LQWHJULW\ FHPHQW LV SXPSHG LQWR
WKH DQQXODU JDS EHWZHHQ WKH VWHHO FDVLQJ DQG WKH URFN
IRUPDWLRQWRKROGWKHFDVLQJLQSODFH3RRUFHPHQWLVXQDEOH
WR SUHYHQW K\GUDXOLF FRPPXQLFDWLRQ EHWZHHQ YDULRXV ÀRZ
]RQHVZKLFKFDQVXEVHTXHQWO\OHDGWRFRVWO\DFFLGHQWV)RU
LQVWDQFH WKH DQQXOXV FHPHQW LQ WKH 0DFRQGR ZHOO IDLOHG
DWWHQXDWLRQ PHDVXUHPHQWV %LJHORZ HW DO  $OO
WKH DIRUHPHQWLRQHG WRROV UHO\ RQ WKH FRQWUDVW LQ DFRXVWLF
SURSHUWLHVRIWKHFHPHQWDQGOLTXLG,QOLJKWZHLJKWFHPHQWV
WKHDFRXVWLFSURSHUWLHVFDQEHLQGLVWLQJXLVKDEOHIURPWKRVH
RIWKHGULOOLQJPXG7KLVPDNHVLWGL൶ FXOWIRUWKHDFRXVWLF
EDVHG FHPHQWHYDOXDWLRQ WRROV WR GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ WKH
WR LVRODWH K\GURFDUERQV IURP PLJUDWLQJ LQWR WKH ZHOOERUH WZR%\EHH%HQJH$ORQJZLWKLPSURYHPHQWV
ZKLFKZDVQRWGHWHFWHGLQWLPHGXHWRWKHFDQFHOODWLRQRID LQLQWHUSUHWDWLRQWHFKQLTXHV)ULVFKHWDOWKHODWHVW
FHPHQWERQGORJJLQJMRE%3 XOWUDVRQLF WRROV LQFRUSRUDWH PHDVXUHPHQWV RI WKH FDVLQJ
 2YHUWKH\HDUVDFRXVWLFORJVKDYHVHUYHGDVWKHSULPDU\ VKHDU PRGHV WR DGGUHVV LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ FKDOOHQJHV LQ VXFK
PHDQV IRU HYDOXDWLQJ WKH FHPHQW TXDOLW\ *URVPDQJLQ HW OLJKWZHLJKW FHPHQWV YDQ .XLMN HW DO  3DWWHUVRQ HW
DO+LOO-XWWHQDQG0RUULVV3LONLQJWRQ DO,QDGGLWLRQWRWKHDGYDQFHVLQORJJLQJWRROVRWKHU
 *XL HW DO  7KH QH[WJHQHUDWLRQ FHPHQW WHFKQLTXHVKDYHDOVREHHQGHYHORSHGWRHQKDQFHWKHFHPHQW
HYDOXDWLRQWRROVHPSOR\SXOVHHFKRXOWUDVRQLFWHFKQLTXHWR HYDOXDWLRQORJUHVSRQVH6WHLOHV$ODWH[OD\HUSODFHG
SURYLGH KLJKUHVROXWLRQ LPSHGDQFH LPDJHV DW WKH FHPHQW EHWZHHQ WKH VWHHO FDVLQJ DQG WKH FHPHQW FDQ LPSURYH WKH

0DQXVFULSWUHFHLYHGE\WKH(GLWRU-XO\UHYLVHGPDQXVFULSWUHFHLYHG$XJXVWPDQXVFULSWDFFHSWHG6HSWHPEHU

2ULJLQDOO\SUHVHQWHGDWWKH63:/$WK$QQXDO/RJJLQJ6\PSRVLXP/RQGRQ(QJODQG8.-XQH±3DSHU00

6KHOO,QWHUQDWLRQDO([SORUDWLRQDQG3URGXFWLRQ,QF+LJKZD\6RXWK+RXVWRQ7;+DQL(OVKDKDZL#VKHOOFRP

6KHOO,QWHUQDWLRQDO( 3,QF1RUWK'DLU\$VKIRUG+RXVWRQ7;6KDQ+XDQJ#6KHOOFRP

2FHDQLW)RUW6WUHHW0DOO6XLWH+RQROXOX+,MSROORFN#RFHDQLWFRP

2FHDQLW3LHUFH6WUHHW+RXVWRQ7;YLQRG#RFHDQLWFRP

February 2019 PETROPHYSICS 61

 1RYHO&RPSRVLWH&HPHQWIRU,PSURYHG:HOO,QWHJULW\(YDOXDWLRQ

DGKHVLRQVWUHQJWKDQGWKHTXDOLW\RIWKHERQGORJV/DFXYH 02'(/,1*$1'6,08/$7,21

HWDO5HFHQWO\DQDQRWHFKQRORJ\WUHDWPHQWKDVEHHQ
DSSOLHGWRVWHHOSLSHWKDWUHVXOWVLQVLJQL¿FDQWLPSURYHPHQW  7KH LQLWLDO PRGHOLQJ DQG VLPXODWLRQ ZRUN XVHG D
LQFHPHQWHYDOXDWLRQORJV+HDWKPDQHWDO
 7KLVSDSHUGHVFULEHVDFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWPDWHULDOWKDW
KDV EHHQ GHVLJQHG WR SURYLGH XQLTXH DFRXVWLF VLJQDWXUHV
ZLWKLQ WKH EDQGZLGWK RI LQGXVWU\VWDQGDUG VRQLF ERQGORJ
WRROV :KHQ LQWHJUDWHG DV DQ DGGLWLYH WR ZHOO FHPHQW WKH
FHPHQW VPDUWSDUWLFOH FRPSRVLWH DOORZV WKH GHWHUPLQDWLRQ
RIFHPHQWSODFHPHQWLQWHJULW\DQGPHFKDQLFDOVWUHVVVWDWH
¿QLWHHOHPHQW DQDO\VLV DQG VLPXODWLRQ VRIWZDUH SDFNDJH
WRVLPXODWHLWVEHKDYLRUDQGSHUIRUPDQFHRYHUDYDULHW\RI
FRQGLWLRQVDQGFRQ¿JXUDWLRQV7KHVLPXODWLRQVLQFOXGHGWKH
IROORZLQJ
x 0RGHOLQJ RI WKH PXOWLOD\HUHG FHPHQW VPDUW SDUWLFOH
FRPSRVLWH LQ D XQLW FHOO FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ WR GHWHUPLQH
WKHLU DFRXVWLF IUHTXHQF\ UHVSRQVH +LUVHNRUQ HW DO
XVLQJDFRXVWLFORJJLQJWRROV
 7KH VSHFLDOO\ HQJLQHHUHG SDUWLFXODWH ¿OOHU LV DGGHG
WR ZHOO FHPHQW IRUPXODWLRQV LQFOXGLQJ OLJKWZHLJKW DQG
IRDP FHPHQW WR DFW DV DQ DFRXVWLF EDQGJDS ¿OWHU DQG
FRQWUDVW DJHQW 7KH UHVXOWDQW FRPSRVLWHV DFW DV DFRXVWLF
PHWDPDWHULDOV ZLWK WKH DELOLW\ WR DOWHU LQWHUDFWLRQV ZLWK
ZDYHOHQJWKVRUGHUVRIPDJQLWXGHODUJHUWKDQWKHIHDWXUHVL]H
RI WKH PDWHULDO 7KH SDUWLFOH VXEVWUXFWXUHV DUH GHVLJQHG WR
DQG
x 4XDQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKHDFRXVWLFEDQGJDSH൵HFWRIWKH
QHZFHPHQWFRPSRVLWHV
x ([SORUDWLRQ RI WKH H൵HFWV RI SDUWLFOH JHRPHWU\
GHQVLW\ DQG PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV RQ WKH FHPHQW
FRPSRVLWHUHVSRQVH
x 'HWHUPLQDWLRQ RI WKH H൵HFW RI FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW
PDWUL[ JHRPHWU\ GHQVLW\ SRURVLW\ DQG PHFKDQLFDO
XQGHUJRORFDOUHVRQDQFHUHÀHFWLQJVRXQGZLWKLQDUDQJHRI SURSHUWLHV/HXQJHWDO
IUHTXHQFLHV ZKLFK UHVXOWV LQ HQKDQFHG DWWHQXDWLRQ RI WKH x 6LPXODWLRQRIZHOOERUHPRGHOVZLWKYLUWXDODFRXVWLF
FHPHQW FRPSRVLWH /LX HW DO  9DVVHXU HW DO  ORJJLQJ WRROV WR GHWHUPLQH WKH H൵HFW RI FRPSRVLWH
=KRXDQG+X FHPHQW RQ VRXQG VSHHG YRLG GHWHFWLRQ DQG
 $QDOJRXV WR SUHYLRXV VRQLF ORJJLQJ VWXGLHV 6LQKD PHFKDQLFDOVWUHVVORFDOL]DWLRQ
 +XDQJ HW DO  ZH FRQGXFWHG QXPHULFDO
VLPXODWLRQV DQG SLORW WHVWLQJ IRU HYDOXDWLQJ WKH DFRXVWLF
UHVSRQVH RI WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW ,Q WKH WHVWV WKDW ZHUH
FDUULHG RXW WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW H[KLELWHG PXFK KLJKHU
DFRXVWLF LPSHGDQFH DW SDUWLFXODU IUHTXHQFLHV FRPSDUHG
WR EDVH FHPHQW 7KLV UHVXOWV LQ LQFUHDVHG DWWHQXDWLRQ DQG
GLVWLQFWLRQIURPVXUURXQGLQJÀXLGVRUFRQWDPLQDWHGFHPHQW
DQGDGGUHVVHVWKHLVVXHRIORZLPSHGDQFHFRQWUDVWLQKHUHQW
RI OLJKWZHLJKW FHPHQWV $ NH\ IHDWXUH RI WKH FRPSRVLWH
FHPHQW LV LWV IUHTXHQF\GHSHQGHQW UHVSRQVH ZKLFK DOORZV
LWV VSHFL¿F GHWHFWLRQ E\ FRPSDULQJ DFRXVWLF UHVXOWV DW WZR
GL൵HUHQW IUHTXHQFLHV 7KH VSHFWUDO FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH
FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW DOVR SURYLGH UREXVW LQGLFDWLRQ RI WKH
VWUHVVVWDWHH[SHULHQFHGE\WKHFHPHQW
'(9(/230(17*2$/6$1'0,/(6721(6
 7KH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH QHZ FHPHQW WHFKQRORJ\ ZDV
FRQGXFWHG LQ D SKDVHG EXW DJLOH PDQQHU ZLWK WKH JRDOV
EHLQJ WR LWHUDWLYHO\ GHVLJQ PDQXIDFWXUH DQG GHPRQVWUDWH
WKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWFDSDELOLW\LQDSLORWVFDOHSLSHVWULQJ
FHPHQWDQQXOXVDVVHPEO\
62 PETROPHYSICS
x 7KHVLPXODWLRQVZHUHXVHGWRH[SORUHWKHSHUIRUPDQFH
RI WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW LQ RUGHU WR XQGHUVWDQG WKH
DFRXVWLFUHVSRQVHLQUHDOLVWLFVFDOHVDQGZLWKYDULRXV
W\SHV RI YRLGV LQ WKH FHPHQW )LJXUH  VKRZV D VHW
RI VLPXODWLRQ UHVXOWV IRU UHFHLYHU WLPHRIDUULYDO
VLJQDOV RI WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW IRU YRLG EHWZHHQ
FDVHDQGDQQXOXVYRLGLQFHPHQWDQQXOXVDQGYRLG
LQIRUPDWLRQ7KHVLPXODWLRQZDVSHUIRUPHGXVLQJD
N+] VRXUFH LQ D IRXUOD\HUHG PRGHO (DFK OD\HU
ZDV VLPSOL¿HG DV F\OLQGULFDOO\ V\PPHWULF  ZLWK WKH
OD\HUSDUDPHWHUVOLVWHGLQWKHWRSSORWRI)LJ7KH
FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW UHVXOWV ZHUH FRPSDUHG WR FRQWURO
FHPHQW WR LOOXVWUDWH WKH QDWXUH RI WKH YRLGGHWHFWLRQ
FDSDELOLW\RIWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQW
x 7KH XQLW FHOO DQG ZHOOERUH VLPXODWLRQV VKRZHG WKDW
WKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWHQKDQFHVWKHDFRXVWLFFRQWUDVW
RI ZHOO FHPHQW DQG FRQ¿UPHG WKDW WKH IROORZLQJ
VLJQDWXUHV DUH SK\VLFDOO\ UHDOL]DEOH DQG SRWHQWLDOO\
PHDVXUDEOHXVLQJLQGXVWU\VWDQGDUGDFRXVWLFORJJLQJ
WRROV
o %DQGJDS UHVSRQVH IRU LQGLFDWLQJ WKH SUHVHQFH
RIFHPHQW
o 7LPHRIDUULYDO ORJV IRU ORFDOL]LQJ OLTXLG¿OOHG
YRLGV
o %DQGJDSVKLIWVDQGEURDGHQLQJFRQWUDFWLRQIRU
VWUHVVGHWHFWLRQ
February 2019
 (OVKDKDZLHWDO

)LJ²7RSSORWVKRZVWKHVLPXODWLRQGRPDLQDQGWKHSDUDPHWHUVIRUWKHFRQWUROFHPHQWFDVHIRUYRLGFDVHVWKHFHPHQWOD\HUDQQXOXVZDV¿OOHG

ZLWKZDWHUDQGIRUWKHFRPSRVLWHFDVHVPDUWSDUWLFOHVZHUHHPEHGGHGLQWKHFHPHQWOD\HU7KHORZHUVXESORWVVKRZVLPXODWLRQUHVXOWVIRUYRLGVRI
GLႇHUHQWW\SHV7KHOHIWFROXPQVKRZVUHVXOWVIRUWKHFRQWUROFHPHQWDQGWKHULJKWFROXPQVKRZVUHVXOWVIURPWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWWHVWV&RPSDUHG
WRFRQWUROWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWWHVWVH[KLELWODUJHUFKDQJHVLQDPSOLWXGHZKHQYRLGVDUHSUHVHQW

)520%(1&+7237268%6&$/(7(67,1*
 9LEUDWLRQH[FLWDWLRQDQGUHVSRQVHVLJQDOVZHUHPHDVXUHG
DWEHQFKWRSVFDOHWRLGHQWLI\WKHUHVRQDQWIUHTXHQF\UHVSRQVH
RI WKH FRPSRVLWH PDWHULDOV 7HVWLQJ ZDV WKHQ WUDQVLWLRQHG
WR D EHQFKWRS VHWXS WR LQWHUURJDWH ODUJHU VDPSOHV ZLWKLQ D
EURDGHUIUHTXHQF\UDQJH7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHEHQFKWRSWHVWLQJ
ZHUH XVHG WR FRQ¿UP WKH PRGHOLQJ SUHGLFWLRQV DQG WKH
YLEUDWLRQ WHVWLQJ UHVXOWV 7HVWLQJ ZDV WKHQ SHUIRUPHG DW D
ODUJHU³VXEVFDOH´
 )RUWKHYDULRXVWHVWVFRPSRVLWHVDPSOHVZHUHSUHSDUHG
LQDYDULHW\RIVWL൵PDWULFHVLQFOXGLQJHSR[\SRO\XUHWKDQH

February 2019 PETROPHYSICS 63

 1RYHO&RPSRVLWH&HPHQWIRU,PSURYHG:HOO,QWHJULW\(YDOXDWLRQ

SODVWHUDQGFHPHQW3DUWLFOHDGGLWLYHOHYHOVZHUHYDULHGWR x 5HFWDQJXODU EDU VDPSOHV îî LQ ZHUH SUHSDUHG

HVWDEOLVKDUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQORDGLQJOHYHODQGDFRXVWLF WR HYDOXDWH WKH EXON UHVSRQVH RI WKH H[SHULPHQWDO
UHVSRQVH  7KH IDVW FXUH WLPHV RI HSR[\ DQG SRO\XUHWKDQH FRPSRVLWHV
DOORZHGVDPSOHVWREHLWHUDWHGDQGWHVWHGLQDWLPHO\PDQQHU x 6DPSOHV ZHUH VHW XS IRU EHQFKWRS WHVWLQJ XQGHU
DQG WKH PLQLPDO YRLG IUDFWLRQ RI WKHVH PDWHULDOV SURYLGHG PHFKDQLFDOORDGVRIXSWRSVL
FOHDUDFRXVWLFUHVSRQVHVDOORZLQJHDV\LGHQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKH
UHVRQDQWEHKDYLRURIWKHSDUWLFOHV$QH[DPSOHRIDSDUWLFOH
LVVKRZQLQ)LJ
x $ KDOI VWHHO SLSH LQ LQQHU GLDPHWHU VXUURXQGHG
E\DLQWKLFNVHPLF\OLQGHUDQQXOXVRIFHPHQWZDV
SUHSDUHGIRUERWKEDVHDQGFRPSRVLWHFHPHQW
x 7KUHHYRLGORFDWLRQVZHUHXVHGWRVLPXODWHWKHW\SLFDO
ORFDWLRQRIPXGRUÀXLG¿OOHGFRQWDPLQDWLRQFHPHQW
FDVLQJDQGFHPHQWIRUPDWLRQLQWHUIDFHVDQGDUDGLDO
YRLGLQWKHFDVLQJIRUPDWLRQDQQXOXV
x $ VPDOO WUHQFK ZDV H[FDYDWHG WR FRQGXFW DFRXVWLF
WHVWLQJ LQ WKH ¿HOG &RQWURO DQG FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW
VSHFLPHQV ZHUH VXEPHUJHG LQ WKH WUHQFK DQG WHVWHG
XVLQJN+]WUDQVGXFHUV
x $QDO\VLV RI WKH WUHQFK WHVWV VKRZHG D VLJQL¿FDQW
DPRXQWRIDWWHQXDWLRQG%DWDFHQWHUIUHTXHQF\RI
N+]ZLWKDEDQGZLGWKRIaN+]RYHUWKHFRQWURO
,WDOVRVKRZHGDVWUHVVVHQVLWLYHUHVSRQVHZLWKERWK
WKH UHVRQDQW IUHTXHQF\ DQG DWWHQXDWLRQ LQFUHDVLQJ
ZLWKLQFUHDVHGVWUHVV)LJ

)LJ²6PDUWFHPHQWSDUWLFOHZLWKGHQVHFRUHDQGFRPSOLDQWSRO\PHU
FRDWLQJ 7KH DFWXDO VL]H RI WKH SDUWLFOH FDQ EH FRQWUROOHG WR UHVLGH
EHWZHHQWRPP

 7KH FHPHQWSDUWLFOH FRPSRVLWHV ZHUH SUHSDUHG DW

YDULRXV GHQVLWLHV UDQJLQJ IURP  WR  OEPJDO 3URFHVV
YDULDEOHV LQFOXGLQJ VSHHG YROXPH WHPSHUDWXUH DLU ÀRZ
UDWHSRO\PHUÀRZUDWHDQGDWRPL]LQJDQGIDQDLUSUHVVXUH
ZHUHRSWLPL]HGWRGHYHORSDUHOLDEOHSURFHVVZLWKDSUHFLVH
FRQWURO RYHU VL]H TXDOLW\ DQG GHQVLW\ 7KH SDUWLFOHV ZHUH )LJ²$FRXVWLFUHVSRQVHRIQHZFHPHQWFRPSRVLWHXQGHULQFUHDVLQJ
RSWLPL]HGWRPHHWWKHFRQWUDVWDQGIUHTXHQF\UHVSRQVHJRDOV FRPSUHVVLYH VWUHVV7KH DWWHQXDWLRQ EDQG VKLIWHG WR KLJKHU IUHTXHQF\
RIWKHWDUJHWDSSOLFDWLRQ=KRXDQG+X$VPXFKDV
IHDVLEOHWKHSDUWLFOHVZHUHWXQHGWRDFKLHYHQHXWUDOEXR\DQF\
DQGXQLIRUPGLVSHUVLRQLQWKHFHPHQWPDWUL[
 7KHVXEVFDOHWHVWZDVSHUIRUPHGZLWKFRPSRVLWHFHPHQW
VWHHOVKHHW FRPSRVLWHV LQ RUGHU WR GHWHUPLQH FRPSRVLWH
FHPHQW DQQXOXV SUHVHQFH LQWHJULW\ DQG VWUHVV VWDWH 7KH
DFRXVWLF UHVSRQVHV ZHUH PHDVXUHG LQ PHFKDQLFDOO\ ORDGHG
DQGVKDOORZVXEPHUJHGHQYLURQPHQWV%HORZLVDVXPPDU\
RIWKHVXEVFDOHWHVWLQJSURWRFRO
x 7KHVPDUWFHPHQWSDUWLFOHVZHUHGHVLJQHGWRKDYHD
UHVRQDQWIUHTXHQF\EHWZHHQDQGN+]WRPDWFK
WKHFHQWHUIUHTXHQF\RIWKHDFRXVWLFSUREHV
64
DVVWUHVVLQFUHDVHG
3,/277(67,1*
 7KHZRUNFXOPLQDWHGLQSLORWWHVWLQJLQDFHPHQWHGDQG
EXULHG SLSH VHWXS FRQWDLQLQJ HQJLQHHUHG YRLGV 7ZR SLSHV
ZHUH EXULHG DQG FHPHQWHG VLGHE\VLGH DQG IHDWXULQJ ERWK
FRPSRVLWHFHPHQWDQGUHIHUHQFHQHDWFHPHQWLQWKHDQQXOL
$ VOLPKROH DFRXVWLF ORJJLQJ WRRO ZDV XVHG WR UHSHDWHGO\
ORJ ERWK SLSHV LQ RUGHU WR GHPRQVWUDWH WKH EHQH¿WV RI WKH
FRPSRVLWHFHPHQWDQGWRLQYHVWLJDWHWKHVHQVLWYLW\WRVWUHVV
XQGHUUHDOLVWLFWRROVDQGJHRPHWULFDVSHFWUDWLRV%RWKZHOOV
FRQVLVWHGRIDIWORQJLQQRPLQDOVL]HVFKHGXOHVWHHO
PETROPHYSICS February 2019
 (OVKDKDZLHWDO

)LJ²3LORWVWXG\ZHOOVFKHPDWLFDQGFURVVVHFWLRQVKRZLQJYRLGVL]HVDQGORFDWLRQV

LQQHUSLSHZLWKZHOGHGURXQGEDUVFHQWUDOL]LQJWKHPLQVLGH WKHVDIHW\EDUULHUVZHUHVHFXUHO\LQSODFH
DLQ39&RXWHUSLSH)LJ7KHQRPLQDORXWHUGLDPHWHU
ZDOO WKLFNQHVV DQG ZHLJKW RI WKH VWHHO SLSH ZHUH  LQ
LQDQGOEPIWUHVSHFWLYHO\
 7KH ORJJLQJ VHWXS LQFOXGHG D PLQLZLQFK D WULSRG D
ORJJLQJSURFHVVRUVRQGHDQGDFTXLVLWLRQVRIWZDUH7KHVRQLF
 /RJJLQJ ZDV SHUIRUPHG XQGHU PXOWLSOH ORDGLQJ
FRQ¿JXUDWLRQVDQGYDULDEOHLQWHUQDOSLSHSUHVVXUHV7KHZHOOV
ZHUHORJJHG¿UVWZLWKRXWDSSOLHGVWUHVVWKHQZLWKEHQGLQJ
VWUHVV DSSOLHG ZLWK UDGLDO FRPSUHVVLRQDO VWUHVV DSSOLHG DW
PXOWLSOHORFDWLRQVDQG¿QDOO\ZLWKWKURXJKJURXQGORDGLQJ
WRRO XVHG ZDV D LQ PP GLDPHWHU IXOOZDYHIRUP
WULSOHPRQRSROH VRQLF SUREH ZLWK ERZVSULQJ FHQWUDOL]HUV
7KHVRQGHPHDVXUHVLQORQJZLWKRQHWUDQVPLWWHUDQG
WKUHHUHFHLYHUVDORQJLWVOHQJWK7KHWKUHHUHFHLYHUV5;WR
5;DUHVSDFHGDWDQGFPDQG
DSSOLHGE\VWUXWV7KHUHFRUGHGORJVZHUHWKHQDQDO\]HGLQ
ERWK WLPH DQG IUHTXHQF\ GRPDLQV DQG FRPSDUHG EHWZHHQ
WKH FRQWURO DQG H[SHULPHQWDO SLSHV :HOOORJJLQJ UHVXOWV
VKRZHG D XQLTXHO\ LGHQWL¿DEOH IUHTXHQF\ EDQGJDS H൵HFW
GLVFULPLQDWLRQRIYRLGVL]HDQGORFDWLRQDQGORFDOL]HGVWUHVV
LQIURPWKHWUDQVPLWWHU7KHVRQGHLVFDSDEOHRIPHDVXULQJ GHWHFWLRQ
YHORFLW\VORZQHVVWLPHRI¿UVWDUULYDODQGLQWHJUDWHGWUDQVLW
WLPH DV ZHOO DV WRWDO QDWXUDO JDPPD UDGLDWLRQ DQG IXOO
ZDYHIRUPGDWDIRUHDFKUHFHLYHU7KHIUHTXHQF\UHVSRQVHRI
WKHORJJLQJWRROIHOOZLWKLQWKHUDQJHRIWRN+]DQGZDV
PRVWVHQVLWLYHLQWKHWRN+]UDQJH
 (QJLQHHUHG YRLGV ZHUH LQWURGXFHG DW WKUHH ORFDWLRQV
LQHDFKZHOOFRQVLVWLQJRIZDWHU¿OOHGYDFXXPVHDOHGEDJV
IDVWHQHGWRWKHLQQHUSLSHVZLWKVKULQNZUDS$FHPHQWSXPS
ZDV WKHQ XVHG WR ¿OO RQH ZHOO DQQXOXV ZLWK OLJKWZHLJKW
FHPHQW  OEPJDO DQG WKH RWKHU ZLWK WKH FRPSRVLWH
FHPHQW)LJ)RUWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWWKHORDGLQJOHYHO
RIWKHSDUWLFOHVHTXDOVWRZWRIWKH¿QDOFHPHQWVOXUU\
(DFKZHOODVVHPEO\ZDVODLGLQWRDWUHQFKPHDVXULQJIW
GHHSDWWKHERWWRPDQGVORSLQJXSZDUGVWRZDUGVWKHLQOHW
,Q)LJQRWHWKDWWKHVDIHW\EDUULHUVZHUHRQO\WHPSRUDULO\
UHPRYHGWRDOORZDFOHDUSLFWXUHWREHWDNHQEXWSHUVRQQHO
ZHUHDOORZHGWRRSHUDWHWKHHTXLSPHQWRUQHDUWKHSLWXQWLO
)LJ²3LFWXUHRIWKHFHPHQWSXPSLQJOD\RXW

February 2019 PETROPHYSICS 65

 1RYHO&RPSRVLWH&HPHQWIRU,PSURYHG:HOO,QWHJULW\(YDOXDWLRQ

 /RJJLQJ UHVSRQVHV IRU WKH SLSH XVLQJ WKH FRPSRVLWH

FHPHQWZHUHGLVWLQFWO\GL൵HUHQWWRHLWKHUWKHFRQWUROQHDW
FHPHQWHG SLSH RU WKH IUHHSLSH XQFHPHQWHG UHVSRQVHV
6LPLODUWRWKHODERUDWRU\DQGVXEVFDOHWHVWLQJDVLJQDOEDQG
JDS FRXOG EH FOHDUO\ VHHQ DURXQG  N+] ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR
GL൵HUHQFHVLQWKHIUHTXHQF\GRPDLQGL൵HUHQFHVZHUHDOVR
QRWHG LQ WKH WLPH GRPDLQ /DVWO\ WKH VORZQHVV D PHDVXUH
RI VLJQDO DUULYDO WLPH DW WKH UHFHLYHU ZDV ORZHU IRU WKH
FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW ZKHQ FRPSDUHG WR WKH FRQWURO QHDW
FHPHQW
 9DULDEOHGHQVLW\ ORJV IRU WKH EDVHFRQWURO FHPHQW DQG
FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW DQQXOL DUH VKRZQ LQ )LJ  ZLWK YRLG
UHJLRQV KLJKOLJKWHG 7KH DFRXVWLF HQHUJ\ LQ WKH IUHTXHQF\
GRPDLQLVSORWWHGYVGHSWKIRUHDFKUHFHLYHULQ)LJ7KH
YRLG ORFDWLRQV DQG VL]HV DUH VLJQL¿FDQWO\ FOHDUHU IRU WKH
FRPSRVLWHFHPHQWSDUWLFXODUO\DWWKHWKLUGUHFHLYHU1RWHWKDW
WKHEDQGJDSH൵HFWRFFXUVDWWKHORZHUHQGRIWKHIUHTXHQF\
UDQJHRIWKHORJJLQJWRROXVHGLQWKHVHWHVWVEXWDWWHQXDWLRQ
LQ WKH  WR  N+] UDQJH FDQ VWLOO EH FOHDUO\ VHHQ LQ D
FRPSDULVRQ RI WKH DFRXVWLF HQHUJ\ VSHFWUXP DJDLQ KDYLQJ
WKHODUJHVWH൵HFWRQWKHWKLUGUHFHLYHUDVVKRZQLQ)LJWKH
VSHFWUDVKRZQLQ)LJDQGLQ)LJVWRZHUHREWDLQHG
E\ DSSO\LQJ D )RXULHU WUDQVIRUP WR WKH IXOO ZDYHIRUPV
7KHDPSOLWXGHFRORUVFDOHLVVKRZQDWERWWRP%OXHGHSLFWV
ORZ WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQG UHG GHSLFWV KLJK WUDQVPLVVLRQ DW WKDW D E
IUHTXHQF\
)LJ²$FRXVWLFVLJQDODPSOLWXGHYVIUHTXHQF\IRUDEDVHFRQWURODQG
EFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWVDWHDFKUHFHLYHUZLWKYRLGORFDWLRQVKLJKOLJKWHG
7KH DPSOLWXGH FRORU VFDOH LV VKRZQ EHORZ WKH ¿JXUHV %OXH GHSLFWV
ORZ WUDQVPLVVLRQ DQG UHG GHSLFWV KLJK WUDQVPLVVLRQ DW WKDW IUHTXHQF\
&RPSRVLWHFHPHQW UHVXOWV H[KLELW ORZHU WUDQVPLVVLRQ DW WKH YRLGV
FRPSDUHGWRWKHFRQWURORQHV

 7KHIUHTXHQF\UHVSRQVHVRIWKHFRQWURODQGH[SHULPHQWDO
FHPHQWVDVPHDVXUHGE\WKHPRQRSROHORJJLQJWRROZHUH
FRPSDUHG IRU HDFK UHFHLYHU 7KH DFRXVWLF EDQGJDS H൵HFW
ZDVPRVWFOHDUIRUWKHWKLUGUHFHLYHUIRUZKLFKWKHDFRXVWLF
ZDYHPXVWWUDYHOWKURXJKWKHPRVWFHPHQW7KHGL൵HUHQFH
LQ UHVSRQVH EHWZHHQ WKH PDWHULDOV ZDV GHWHUPLQHG E\
VXEWUDFWLQJ WKDW RI WKH FRQWURO IURP WKDW RI WKH FRPSRVLWH
H[SHULPHQWDO FHPHQW VHH )LJ  7KH UHJLRQ EHWZHHQ 
DQGN+]LVVKRZQE\RUDQJHOLQHV

D E

)LJ ²9DULDEOHGHQVLW\ ORJV IRU D EDVHFRQWURO DQG E FRPSRVLWH

FHPHQWVZLWKYRLGVKLJKOLJKWHGE\OLJKWVKDGHGEDQGV$WWKHYRLGVWKH
FRPSRVLWHFHPHQWSURYLGHVDZHDNHU9'/GXHWRWKHEDQGDWWHQXDWLRQ
HႇHFWZKLFKLVPRUHGLVWLQFWIRUUHFHLYHU5;

66 PETROPHYSICS February 2019

 (OVKDKDZLHWDO

)LJ²)UHTXHQF\UHVSRQVHRIFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWWRDSSOLHGEHQGLQJ
ORDG IRU 5;QHDU OHIW 5;PLGGOH PLGGOH DQG 5;IDU UHFHLYHUV
ULJKW %OXH GHSLFWV ORZ DPSOLWXGH DQG UHG GHSLFWV KLJK DPSOLWXGH DW
WKDWIUHTXHQF\DQGWKHKLJKHVWORDGLVLQWKHFHQWHUURZSRLQWHGE\WKH
\HOORZDUURZ7KHUHGEDQGVKLJKDPSOLWXGHVKRZDFOHDUGHFUHDVHLQ
ZLGWKDVORDGLQFUHDVHV

D E

)LJ ²)UHTXHQF\ SORWV IRU D LQWDFW UHJLRQV RI EDVHFRQWURO DQG

FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW IRU WKH WKUHH UHFHLYHUV DQG E WKH GLႇHUHQFH LQ
WUDQVPLVVLRQ EHWZHHQ EDVHFRQWURO DQG FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW 1RWH WKH
GLႇHUHQW\D[LVVFDOHV7KHUHJLRQEHWZHHQDQGN+]LVVKRZQE\
WKHRUDQJHOLQHVZKHUHWKHDWWHQXDWLRQHႇHFWFDQEHFOHDUO\REVHUYHG
LQWKHSORWVLQE

 $ OLIWLQJ ULJ ZDV LQVWDOOHG DERYH WKH ZHOO WR VLPXODWH

EHQGLQJ ORDGV ,W FRQVLVWHG RI ZRRGHQ EHDPV RI î LQ
FURVVVHFWLRQ VXSSRUWHG E\ WKH JURXQG RQ HLWKHU VLGH RI
WKHWUHQFKDQGDLQVWHHOSLSHIDVWHQHGWRWKHFURVVEHDPV
GLUHFWO\DERYHDQGLQDOLJQPHQWZLWKWKHSLSH7ZRKHDY\
GXW\UDWFKHWVWUDSVZHUHORRSHGRYHUWKHWRSRIWKHVWHHOSLSH
DQGXQGHUQHDWKWKHZHOOSLSHLQVLGHWKHFURVVEHDPVURXJKO\
LQDSDUW7KHVWUDSVZHUHLQFUHPHQWDOO\UDWFKHWHGVORZO\
UDLVLQJDOHQJWKRIWKHZHOOR൵WKHJURXQGDQGLQWURGXFLQJD
EHQGLQJIRUFH,QFUHPHQWDOORDGLQJZDVDSSOLHGWRWKHZHOO
IROORZHGE\LQFUHPHQWDOXQORDGLQJ7KHDFRXVWLFUHVXOWVRI
WKHWHVWDUHVKRZQLQ)LJVDQG
 'XH WR EXGJHW OLPLWDWLRQV ZH IRFXVHG RQO\ RQ VWUHVV
VHQVLWLYLW\RIWKHQHZFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWZLWKRXWFRQWUDVWLW
ZLWK WKH FRQWURO FHPHQW :H IRXQG IURP WKH ORDGLQJ WHVWV
WKDW WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW H[KLELWV VWURQJ VHQVLWLYLW\ WR
VWUHVV FRQFHQWUDWLRQ DW WKH VDPH IUHTXHQF\ EDQG  WR 
N+] ZKHUH ZH REVHUYHG GLVWLQFW HQKDQFHPHQW LQ DFRXVWLF
DWWHQXDWLRQDWWKHYRLGWHVWV)LJVWR )LJ ²)UHTXHQF\ UHVSRQVH RI WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW WR DSSOLHG
EHQGLQJ ORDG IRU WKH 5;IDU UHFHLYHU7KH UHJLRQ EHWZHHQ  DQG 
N+]LVVKRZQE\WKHRUDQJHOLQHV7KHODEHOVWRFRUUVSRQGWRWKHWRS
IRXUURZVLQFUHDVLQJORDGVKRZQLQ)LJ

February 2019 PETROPHYSICS 67

 1RYHO&RPSRVLWH&HPHQWIRU,PSURYHG:HOO,QWHJULW\(YDOXDWLRQ

&21&/86,216 &DVLQJV 3DSHU * Journal of Petroleum Technology

 7KLV SDSHU SUHVHQWV D QHZ FRPSRVLWH PDWHULDO
E\ LQWURGXFLQJ SRO\PHUFRDWHG GHQVH SDUWLFOHV LQWR
FRQYHQWLRQDO FHPHQW 7KH FRPSRVLWH PDWHULDO H[KLELWV
HQKDQFHGVHQVLWLYLW\IRUGHWHFWLQJFHPHQWSODFHPHQWYRLGV
DQGVWUHVVFKDQJHVXVLQJDVRQLFORJJLQJWRRO7KHWHVWUHVXOWV
SURYH WKH XVH RI WKH FRPSRVLWH FHPHQW¶V XQLTXH EDQGJDS
H൵HFW IRU GHWHUPLQLQJ FHPHQW TXDOLW\ SLQSRLQWLQJ FHPHQW
YRLGVL]HDQGORFDWLRQDQGGHWHFWLQJVWUHVVDQRPDOLHV'XH
±'2,*3$
)ULVFK *- *UDKDP :/ DQG *UL൶ WK -  $VVHVVPHQW
RI )RDPHG&HPHQW 6OXUULHV 8VLQJ &RQYHQWLRQDO &HPHQW
(YDOXDWLRQ /RJV DQG ,PSURYHG ,QWHUSUHWDWLRQ 0HWKRGV
3DSHU 63( SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 63( 5RFN\ 0RXQWDLQ
5HJLRQDO 0HHWLQJ *LOOHWWH :\RPLQJ ± 0D\ '2,
06
*XL + 6XPPHUV 7' &RFNLQJ '$ DQG *UHDYHV & 
=RQDO ,VRODWLRQ DQG (YDOXDWLRQ IRU &HPHQWHG +RUL]RQWDO
/LQHUV 3DSHU 63( SPE Drilling and Completion
WROLPLWDWLRQVLQWKHWHVWIDFLOLW\LQWKLVSKDVHRIWKHZRUN
ZH IRFXVHG RQ WKH DFRXVWLF SURSHUWLHV DQG ZHUH XQDEOH WR
FRQGXFWD¿HOGWHVWRIWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQWIRUHYDOXDWLQJ
LWVFDSDELOLW\IRUFUHDWLQJÀRZEDUULHUVEHKLQGWKHSLSH
 7KHQH[WSKDVHRIGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHFRPSRVLWHFHPHQW
WHFKQRORJ\ZLOOEHWRGHVLJQPDQXIDFWXUHDQGGHPRQVWUDWH
LWVFDSDELOLW\IRUIXOOVFDOH¿HOGWHVWZKLFKZLOOKHOSXQORFN
WKH IXOO SRWHQWLDO RI WKLV SURPLVLQJ WHFKQRORJ\ IRU EURDGHU
ZHOO DQG UHVHUYRLU VXUYHLOODQFH DSSOLFDWLRQV ,Q VXP WKH
WHFKQRORJ\LQWURGXFHGLQWKLVSDSHUKDVWKHSRWHQWLDOWRKHOS
±'2,3$
+HDWKPDQ - )XOOHU * 7D\ORU 5 $UXPXJDP * 6XOOLYDQ
3 7KDSD 6 DQG 9HHGX 9  'HYHORSPHQW RI
1DQRWHFKQRORJ\3LSH7UHDWPHQWWR,PSURYH$FRXVWLF&HPHQW
(YDOXDWLRQ 3DSHU 27& SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 2൵VKRUH
7HFKQRORJ\ &RQIHUHQFH +RXVWRQ 7H[DV 86$ ± 0D\
'2,06
+LOO$'3URGXFWLRQ/RJJLQJ²7KHRUHWLFDODQG,QWHUSUHWLYH
(OHPHQWV63(0RQRJUDSK6HULHV,6%1
+LUVHNRUQ 0 'HOVDQWR 33 %DWUD 1. DQG 0DWLF 3 
0RGHOOLQJ DQG 6LPXODWLRQ RI$FRXVWLF:DYH 3URSDJDWLRQ LQ
PDQDJH ZHOOLQWHJULW\ ULVNV GXH WR LPSHUIHFW FHPHQWLQJ
DV ZHOO DV JHRPHFKDQLFDO VWUHVV DOWHUDWLRQV LQ ZD\V QRW
DFKLHYDEOHWRGDWH
/RFDOO\5HVRQDQW6RQLF0DWHULDOVUltrasonics±±
'2,MXOWUDV
+LUVHNRUQ 0 'HOVDQWR 33 /HXQJ$& DQG 0DWLF 3 
(ODVWLF:DYH3URSDJDWLRQLQ/RFDOO\5HVRQDQW6RQLF0DWHULDO
&RPSDULVRQ%HWZHHQ/RFDO,QWHUDFWLRQ6LPXODWLRQ$SSURDFK
$&.12:/('*(0(176
 7KH DXWKRUV ZLVK WR WKDQN WKHLU UHVSHFWLYH FRPSDQLHV
DQGFROOHDJXHVIRUWKHLUJXLGDQFHDQGVXSSRUWWKURXJKRXWWKH
GHYHORSPHQW RI WKLV WHFKQRORJ\ 6SHFLDO WKDQNV WR &KULVWD
DQG 0RGDO $QDO\VLV Journal of Applied Physics 
'2,
+XDQJ 6 0DWXV]\N 3 DQG 7RUUHV9HUGLQ &  6SDWLDO
6HQVLWLYLW\ )XQFWLRQV IRU 5DSLG 1XPHULFDO 6LPXODWLRQ RI
%RUHKROH6RQLF0HDVXUHPHQWVLQ9HUWLFDO:HOOVGeophysics
&ODUN-DPHV+HDWKPDQDQG5LFKDUG0F.LPDW6KHOODQG '±''2,JHR
WR*OHQ1DNDIXML'HUHN$K<RDQG%REE\,]XWDDW2FHDQLW -XWWHQ - DQG 0RUULVV 6/  &HPHQW -RE (YDOXDWLRQ in
DQGWR$PU+XVVHLQDW5HVW2LO *DV 1HOVRQ (% (GLWRU Well Cementing 'HYHORSPHQWV LQ
3HWUROHXP 6FLHQFH  ± '2, 6
5()(5(1&(6
%LJHORZ (/ 'RPDQJXH (- DQG /HVWHU 5$  $
1HZ DQG ,QQRYDWLYH 7HFKQRORJ\ IRU &HPHQW (YDOXDWLRQ
3DSHU63( SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 63( $QQXDO 7HFKQLFDO
&RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 1HZ 2UOHDQV /RXLVLDQD 86$
±6HSWHPEHU'2,06
%3  'HHSZDWHU +RUL]RQ $FFLGHQW ,QYHVWLJDWLRQ 5HSRUW
6HSWHPEHUKWWSVZZZESFRPFRQWHQWGDPESSGI
VXVWDLQDELOLW\LVVXHUHSRUWV'HHSZDWHUB+RUL]RQB$FFLGHQWB
,QYHVWLJDWLRQB5HSRUWSGI$FFHVVHG'HFHPEHU
%\EHH .  &HPHQW%RQG/RJ ,QWHUSUHWDWLRQ 5HOLDELOLW\
3DSHU63(-37Journal of Petroleum Technology

/DFXYH0&KRXJQHW$$OORXFKH0DQG0D]DUG&$
0HWKRG WR ,PSURYH$GKHVLRQ 6WUHQJWK DW WKH &HPHQW6WHHO
&DVLQJ ,QWHUIDFH DQG LWV (൵HFW RQ &HPHQW (YDOXDWLRQ /RJ
5HVSRQVH 3DSHU 20& SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 2൵VKRUH
0HGLWHUUDQHDQ &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 5DYHQQD ,WDO\
±0DUFK
/HXQJ$& 0DWLF 3 'HOVDQWR 33 DQG +LUVHNRUQ 0 
$ 3DUDPHWULF 6RQLF &U\VWDO 0RGDO $QDO\VLV 8VLQJ )LQLWH
(OHPHQW 0RGHOLQJ Proceedings, ASME 2004 International
Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition±
'2,,0(&(
/LX = =KDQJ ; 0DR< =KX<<<DQJ = &KDQ & DQG
6KHQJ3/RFDOO\5HVRQDQW6RQLF0DWHULDOVScience
±'2,-37 ±'2,VFLHQFH
%HQJH *  &HPHQW (YDOXDWLRQ²$ 5LVN\ %XVLQHVV 3DWWHUVRQ'%ROVKDNRY$DQG0DWXV]\N3-8WLOL]DWLRQ
3DSHU 63( SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 63( $QQXDO 7HFKQLFDO RI (OHFWURPDJQHWLF $FRXVWLF 7UDQVGXFHUV LQ 'RZQKROH
&RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ $PVWHUGDP 7KH 1HWKHUODQGV &HPHQW(YDOXDWLRQPetrophysics
±2FWREHU'2,06 3LONLQJWRQ 3(  &HPHQW (YDOXDWLRQ²3DVW 3UHVHQW DQG
*URVPDQJLQ 0 .RNHVK 33 DQG 0DMDQL 3  $ 6RQLF )XWXUH3DSHU63(Journal of Petroleum Technology
0HWKRGIRU$QDO\]LQJWKH4XDOLW\RI&HPHQWDWLRQRI%RUHKROH ±'2,3$

68 PETROPHYSICS February 2019

 (OVKDKDZLHWDO

6LQKD %.  6HQVLWLYLW\ DQG ,QYHUVLRQ RI %RUHKROH  -DFRE3ROORFNLV0DWHULDOV7HFKQRORJ\/HDGDW2FHDQLW

)OH[XUDO'LVSHUVLRQVIRU)RUPDWLRQ3DUDPHWHUVGeophysical ZRUNLQJDWWKHLQWHUIDFHRIVPDUWPDWHULDOVHQVRUVDQGDUWL¿FLDO
Journal International  ± '2, M
;WE[
6KHLYHV 7& 7HOOR /1 0DNL 9( -U 6WDQGOH\ 7( DQG
%ODQNLQVKLS 7-  $ &RPSDULVRQ RI 1HZ 8OWUDVRQLF
&HPHQWDQG&DVLQJ(YDOXDWLRQ/RJV:LWK6WDQGDUG&HPHQW
%RQG /RJV 3DSHU 63( SUHVHQWHG DW WKH 63($QQXDO
7HFKQLFDO &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 1HZ 2UOHDQV
/RXLVLDQD86$±2FWREHU'2,06
6WHLOHV '  &KDOOHQJHV :LWK &HPHQW (YDOXDWLRQ :KDW
:H.QRZDQG:KDW:H'RQ¶W63(:HELQDUUHFRUGHG-XO\
  KWWSVZHEHYHQWVVSHRUJSURGXFWVFKDOOHQJHV
ZLWKFHPHQWHYDOXDWLRQZKDWZHNQRZDQGZKDWZHGRQW
$FFHVVHG'HFHPEHU
YDQ .XLMN 5 =HURXJ 6 )URHOLFK %$OORXFKH 0 %RVH 6
0LOOHU'/H&DOYH]-6FKRHSI9DQG3DJQLQ$
$1RYHO8OWUDVRQLF&DVHG+ROH,PDJHUIRU(QKDQFHG&HPHQW
(YDOXDWLRQ3DSHU,37&SUHVHQWHGDWWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO
3HWUROHXP 7HFKQRORJ\ &RQIHUHQFH 'RKD 4DWDU ±
1RYHPEHU'2,,37&06
LQWHOOLJHQFH'U3ROORFNUHFHLYHGKLV3K'IURP8&%HUNHOH\
DQG 8&6) LQ %LRHQJLQHHULQJ ZKHUH KH ZDV D 16) DQG
%HUNHOH\*UDGXDWH)HOORZDQGFRPSOHWHGWKH0DQDJHPHQW
RI 7HFKQRORJ\ SURJUDP DW +DDV 6FKRRO RI %XVLQHVV 'U
3ROORFNKDVH[SHULHQFHGHYHORSLQJWHFKQRORJLHVLQPXOWLSOH
UHDOPV UHODWHG WR PDWHULDOV DQG DFRXVWLFV LQFOXGLQJ VPDUW
FHPHQWVHQVRUVDFRXVWLFPHWDPDWHULDOVVRXQGSURRIEXLOGLQJ
PDWHULDOVDQGDGYDQFHGKHDULQJSURWHFWLRQ
 9LQRG 9HHGX LV 'LUHFWRU RI 6WUDWHJLF ,QLWLDWLYHV DW
2FHDQLW 'U9HHGX UHFHLYHG KLV 06 IURP )ORULGD$WODQWLF
8QLYHUVLW\ DQG 3K' IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI +DZDLL +H LV
DQDFWLYHUHVHDUFKHULQQRYHOFRPSRVLWHPDWHULDOVLQFOXGLQJ
QDQRFRPSRVLWHV3ULRUWRMRLQLQJ2FHDQLW'U9HHGXZRUNHG
DW WKH 5HQVVHODHU 3RO\WHFKQLF 1DQRWHFKQRORJ\ &HQWHU DQG
DWWKH+DZDLL1DQRWHFKQRORJ\/DE'U9HHGXLVDQ$GMXQFW
3URIHVVRU DW WKH 0DWHULDOV DQG 0HFKDQLFDO (QJLQHHULQJ
9DVVHXU -2 'H\PLHU 3$ .KHOLI $ /DPELQ 3 'MDIDUL
5RXKDQL % $NMRXM $ 'REU]\QVNL / )HWWRXKL 1
DQG =HPPRXUL -  3KRQRQLF &U\VWDO :LWK /RZ
)LOOLQJ )UDFWLRQ DQG $EVROXWH $FRXVWLF %DQG *DS LQ WKH
$XGLEOH )UHTXHQF\ 5DQJH$ 7KHRUHWLFDO DQG ([SHULPHQWDO
0(06 GHSDUWPHQW DW 5LFH 8QLYHUVLW\ DQG VHUYHV DV D
7HFKQLFDO$GYLVRUWRWKH1$6$6SDFH&HQWHU+RXVWRQDQG
DV(QHUJ\$GYLVRUWRWKH+RXVWRQ7HFKQRORJ\&HQWHU
6WXG\ Physical Review E   '2, 
3K\5HY(
=KRX ; DQG +X *  $FRXVWLF :DYH 7UDQVSDUHQF\
IRU D 0XOWLOD\HUHG 6SKHUH :LWK $FRXVWLF 0HWDPDWHULDOV
Physical Review E  3DUW   '2,/ 
3K\V5HY(

$%2877+($87+256

 +DQL (OVKDKDZL LV 'HHSZDWHU 'LJLWDOL]DWLRQ /HDG DW

6KHOO DQG WKH FRPSDQ\¶V OHDG H[SHUW RQ IRUPDWLRQ WHVWLQJ
DQG VDPSOLQJ 3UHYLRXVO\ KH ZDV *DPH&KDQJHU DQG
7HFKQRORJ\ $GYLVRU'HHSZDWHU DQG OHG )($67 6KHOO¶V
)OXLG (YDOXDWLRQ DQG 6DPSOLQJ 7HFKQRORJLHV FHQWHU RI
H[FHOOHQFH 3ULRU WR MRLQLQJ 6KHOO LQ  +DQL VSHQW
 \HDUV DW 6FKOXPEHUJHU GXULQJ ZKLFK KH KHOG YDULRXV
SRVLWLRQVLQRSHUDWLRQVFRQVXOWLQJPDQDJHPHQWPDUNHWLQJ
DQGSURGXFWGHYHORSPHQW+HKROGVVHYHUDOSDWHQWVDQGKDV
DXWKRUHGRYHUWHFKQLFDOSDSHUVLQSHWUROHXPHQJLQHHULQJ
DQGWKHJHRVFLHQFHV+DQLZDV63:/$3UHVLGHQWLQ±
DQGGLVWLQJXLVKHGOHFWXUHUIRUWKH63(DQG63:/$LQ
±DQGDJDLQIRUWKH63:/$LQ±

 6KDQ +XDQJ LV D SHWURSK\VLFLVW DW 6KHOO ZRUNLQJ RQ

GHHSZDWHULQWHJUDWHGVXEVXUIDFHPRGHOLQJDQGQHZEXVLQHVV
GHYHORSPHQW3ULRUWRMRLQLQJ6KHOOLQ6KDQREWDLQHGKLV
3K'LQSHWUROHXPHQJLQHHULQJIURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI7H[DV
DW$XVWLQ)URPWRKHZDVZLWK6FKOXPEHUJHUDV
DSURMHFWHQJLQHHU

February 2019 PETROPHYSICS 69