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PROBLEMA N° 01: Diseñar la línea de conducción para conducir agua con un caudal Q = 150
l/s. Presión Máxima Admisible de la Tubería 5 Kg/cm2. Presión en el Punto R igual a 5.
Coeficiente de Hazen y Williams = 140.
Padm = 50 m.c.a
C 232.5
1
207.4
3 192.9
R
171.2
2
TRAMO L(m)
C-1 750
PUNTO COTA (msnm)
1-2 1100
C 232.50
2-3 950
1 207.40
3-R 1450
2 171.20
3 192.90
R 177.70
SOLUCION
1. calculamos la pendiente del tramo 1-5.
ℎ𝑓
𝑆=
𝐿
Donde ℎ𝑓 :
𝑉𝐶 2 𝐏𝐶 𝑉𝑅 2 𝐏𝑅
+ 𝑧𝐶 + = + 𝑧𝑅 + + ℎ𝑓
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
Pero. 𝐏𝐶 = 0 , 𝐏𝑅 = 0 𝑦 𝑉𝐶 = 0 , 𝑉𝑅 = 0
𝑧𝐶 − 𝑧𝑅 = ℎ𝑓
ℎ𝑓 = 54.8𝑚
𝐿 = 4250𝑚
𝑚
Pero la longitu debe estar en 𝑘𝑚 :
𝑚
𝐿 = 4.25
𝑘𝑚
54.8𝑚 𝑚
𝑆= 𝑚 = 12.89
4.25 𝑘𝑚
𝑘𝑚
2. Aplicamos la fórmula de Hazen y Williams. Y calculamos el diámetro
𝐷 = 10′′
0.54 𝑄(𝐿)0.54 0.54 150(4.25)0.54
ℎ𝑓 1−5 = √ = √ = 113.59𝑚
0.000426(𝐶𝐻 )(𝐷)2.63 0.000426(140)(10)2.63
𝐷 = 12′′
0.54 𝑄(𝐿)0.54 0.54 150(4.25)0.54
ℎ𝑓 𝐶−𝑅 = √ = √ = 46.74𝑚
0.000426(𝐶𝐻 )(𝐷)2.63 0.000426(140)(12)2.63
ℎ𝑓 𝐶−𝑅 46.74 𝑚
𝐷 = 12′′ , 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 = = = 11.00
𝐿 4.25 𝑘𝑚
ℎ𝑓 𝐶−𝑅 22.06 𝑚
𝐷 = 14′′ , 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 = = = 5.19
𝐿 4.25 𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 12′′ , ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿𝐶−1 ) = (11.00 ) (0.75𝑘𝑚) = 8.25𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 14′′ , ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿𝐶−1 ) = (5.19 ) (0.75𝑘𝑚) = 3.89𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝐶P1 = 224.25𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
Pero:
P1
𝐶P1 = 𝐶𝑇1 +
𝛾
P1
= 𝐶P1 − 𝐶𝑇1 = 224.25𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 − 207.4𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 = 16.85𝑚
𝛾
P1
= 16.85𝑚
𝛾
Tramo 1-2
𝑚
𝐷 = 10′′ , ℎ𝑓1−2 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿1−2 ) = (26.73 ) (1.10𝑘𝑚) = 29.403𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 12′′ , ℎ𝑓1−2 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿1−2 ) = (11.00 ) (1.10𝑘𝑚) = 12.10𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 14′′ , ℎ𝑓1−2 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿1−2 ) = (5.19 ) (1.10𝑘𝑚) = 5.709𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝐶P2 = 218.541𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
Pero:
P2
𝐶P2 = 𝐶𝑇2 +
𝛾
P2
= 𝐶P2 − 𝐶𝑇2 = 218.541𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 − 171.20𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 = 47.341𝑚
𝛾
P2
= 47.341𝑚
𝛾
Tramo 2-3
𝑚
𝐷 = 10′′ , ℎ𝑓2−3 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿2−3 ) = (26.73 ) (0.95𝑘𝑚) = 25.39𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 12′′ , ℎ𝑓2−3 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿2−3 ) = (11.00 ) (0.95𝑘𝑚) = 10.45𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 14′′ , ℎ𝑓2−3 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿2−3 ) = (5.19 ) (0.95𝑘𝑚) = 4.93𝑚
𝑘𝑚
Elegimos el diámetro 𝐷 = 12′′ .
𝐶P3 = 𝐶P2− ℎ𝑓2−3 = 218.541 − 10.45 = 208.091𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
𝐶P3 = 208.091𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
Pero:
P3
𝐶P3 = 𝐶𝑇3 +
𝛾
P3
= 𝐶P3 − 𝐶𝑇3 = 208.091𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 − 192.9𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 = 15.191𝑚
𝛾
P3
= 15.191𝑚
𝛾
Tramo 3-R
𝑚
𝐷 = 10′′ , ℎ𝑓3−𝑅 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿3−𝑅 ) = (26.73 ) (1.45𝑘𝑚) = 38.76𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 12′′ , ℎ𝑓3−𝑅 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿3−𝑅 ) = (11.00 ) (1.45𝑘𝑚) = 15.95𝑚
𝑘𝑚
𝑚
𝐷 = 14′′ , ℎ𝑓3−𝑅 = ( 𝑆𝐶−𝑅 )( 𝐿3−𝑅 ) = (5.19 ) (1.45𝑘𝑚) = 7.53𝑚
𝑘𝑚
comrobacion:
𝐶PR = 𝐶P3− ℎ𝑓3−𝑅 = 208.091 − 25.391 = 182.7𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
𝐶PR = 182.7𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
Pero:
PR
𝐶PR = 𝐶𝑇𝑅 +
𝛾
PR
= 𝐶PR − 𝐶𝑇𝑅 = 182.7𝑠𝑛𝑚 − 177.7𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚 = 5𝑚
𝛾
PR
= 5𝑚
𝛾
PROBLEMA N° 01: Diseñar la línea de conducción para conducir agua con un caudal Q =
150l/s, mediante Darcy Weisbach. Presión Máxima Admisible de la Tubería 5 Kg/cm2.
Presión en el Punto R igual a 5m.c.a. Emplear tubería de PVC.
Supongamos: Temperatura del agua 20 °C.
C 232.5
1
207.4
3 192.9
R
171.2
2
TRAMO L(m)
C-1 750
PUNTO COTA (msnm)
1-2 1100
C 232.50
2-3 950
1 207.40
3-R 1450
2 171.20
3 192.90
R 177.70
Solución
𝜖 = 1.5 ∗ 10−6 𝑚
𝑚2
= 10 −6
𝑠
𝑚3
𝑄 = 0.15
𝑠
Donde la fórmula de Darcy es:
8𝑄 2
ℎ𝑓 = 𝑓𝐿
𝜋 2 𝐷5 𝑔
𝑉𝐶 2 𝐏𝐶 𝑉𝑅 2 𝐏𝑅
+ 𝑧𝐶 + = + 𝑧𝑅 + + ℎ𝑓
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
Pero. 𝐏𝐶 = 0 , 𝐏𝑅 = 0 𝑦 𝑉𝐶 = 0 , 𝑉𝑅 = 0
𝑧𝐶 − 𝑧𝑅 = ℎ𝑓
ℎ𝑓 = 54.8𝑚
8𝑄 2
ℎ𝑓 = 𝑓𝐿 2 5
𝜋 𝐷 𝑔
Despejando el diámetro:
5 𝑓𝐿8𝑄 2
𝐷=√
𝜋 2 𝑔ℎ𝑓
5 (0.018)(4250)(8)(0.15)2
𝐷=√ = 0.30𝑚
𝜋 2 9.81(54.8)
𝐷 = 0.30𝑚
Donde:
0.15 𝑚
𝑉=𝜋 = 2.12
0.302 𝑠
4
𝑉 ∗ 𝐷 2.12 ∗ 0.30 5
𝑅𝑒 = = −6
= 6.36 ∗ 10
𝑣 10
′
1.5 ∗ 10−6
𝜖 = = 5 ∗ 10−6
0.30
𝑓 = 0.0135 Con este valor volvemos a calcular el diámetro:
5 (0.0135)(4250)(8)(0.15)2
𝐷=√ = 0.29𝑚
𝜋 2 9.81(54.8)
𝐷 = 0.29𝑚
0.15 𝑚
𝑉=𝜋 = 2.27
2 𝑠
4 0.29
𝑉 ∗ 𝐷 2.27 ∗ 0.29 5
𝑅𝑒 = = −6
= 6.58 ∗ 10
𝑣 10
′
1.5 ∗ 10−6
𝜖 = = 5.17𝑥10−6
0.29
𝑓 = 0.013
El diámetro será de D=0.29m 𝐷 = 11.41′′ como este diámetro no es comercial entonces
elegimos: 𝐷 = 10′′ 𝐷 = 12′′
Tramo C-1
𝐷 = 10′′ 𝐷 = 0.254𝑚
8𝑄 2
ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = 𝑓𝐿
𝜋 2 𝐷5 𝑔
0.15 𝑚
𝑉=𝜋 = 2.96
2 𝑠
4 0.254
2.96 ∗ 0.254 5
𝑅𝑒 𝐶−1 = −6
= 7.5 ∗ 10
10
′
1.5 ∗ 10−6
𝜀𝐶−1 = = 5.90 ∗ 10−6
0.254
𝑓 = 0.013
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = 0.013(750) = 17.15𝑚
𝜋 2 (0.254)5 9.81
𝐷 = 12′′ 𝐷 = 0.3048𝑚
8𝑄 2
ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = 𝑓𝐿
𝜋 2 𝐷5 𝑔
0.15 𝑚
𝑉=𝜋 = 2.06
2 𝑠
4 (0.3048)
2.06 ∗ 0.3048 5
𝑅𝑒 𝐶−1 = −6
= 6.2 ∗ 10
10
′
1.5 ∗ 10−6
𝜀𝐶−1 = = 4.9 ∗ 10−6
0.3048
𝑓 = 0.014
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = 0.014(750) = 7.42𝑚
𝜋 2 (0.3048)5 9.81
Usamos el diámetro de 𝐷 = 12′′
𝐶P1 = 𝐶𝑇𝐶− ℎ𝑓𝐶−1 = 232.5 − 7.42 = 225.08𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
P1
𝐶P1 = 𝐶𝑇1 +
𝛾
P1
= 𝐶P1 − 𝐶𝑇1 = 225.08 − 207.4 = 17.68𝑚
𝛾
P1
= 17.68𝑚
𝛾
Tramo 1-2
𝐷 = 10′′ 𝐷 = 0.254𝑚
𝑓 = 0.013
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓2−3 = 0.013(1100) 2 = 25.15𝑚
𝜋 (0.254)5 9.81
𝐷 = 12′′ 𝐷 = 0.3048𝑚
𝑓 = 0.014
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓2−3 = 0.014(1100) = 10.88𝑚
𝜋 2 (0.3048)5 9.81
Usamos el diámetro de 𝐷 = 12′′
𝐶P2 = 𝐶P1− ℎ𝑓1−2 = 225.08 − 10.88 = 214.2𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
P2
𝐶P2 = 𝐶𝑇2 +
𝛾
P2
= 𝐶P2 − 𝐶𝑇2 = 214.20 − 171.20 = 43𝑚
𝛾
P2
= 43𝑚
𝛾
Tramo 2-3
𝐷 = 10′′ 𝐷 = 0.254𝑚
𝑓 = 0.013
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓2−3 = 0.013(950) = 21.72𝑚
𝜋 2 (0.254)5 9.81
𝐷 = 12′′ 𝐷 = 0.3048𝑚
𝑓 = 0.014
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓2−3 = 0.014(950) 2 = 9.40𝑚
𝜋 (0.3048)5 9.81
Usamos el diámetro de 𝐷 = 12′′
𝐶P3 = 𝐶P2− ℎ𝑓2−3 = 214.20 − 9.40 = 204.8𝑚𝑠𝑛𝑚
P3
𝐶P3 = 𝐶𝑇3 +
𝛾
P3
= 𝐶P3 − 𝐶𝑇3 = 204.8 − 192.9 = 11.90𝑚
𝛾
P3
= 11.90𝑚
𝛾
Como la Presión en R es 5 entonces:
𝐷 = 10′′ 𝐷 = 0.254𝑚
𝑓 = 0.013
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓4−5 = 0.013(𝐿∅8′′ ) = 0.023𝐿∅8′′
𝜋 2 (0.254)5 9.81
𝐷 = 12′′ 𝐷 = 0.3048𝑚
𝑓 = 0.014
8(0.15)2
ℎ𝑓4−5 = 0.014(𝐿∅10′′ ) = 0.009𝐿∅10′′
𝜋 2 (0.3048)5 9.81
como la presion en R tiene que ser 5 entonces:
PR
𝐶PR = 𝐶𝑇𝑅 + = 177.7 + 5 = 182.7
𝛾
Sabemos que:
𝐶PR = 𝐶P3− ℎ𝑓3−𝑅
ℎ𝑓3−𝑅 = 22.10𝑚
Tramo 3-R