QUESTION

APR10Q4
a) A level network A-B-C-D (Figure 1) was measured and the elevation differences and standard
deviation between points were recorded as shown in Table 4. The elevation of point A is 500.00m.
It is required to determine the elevations of points B, C and D. 20M

i) Write the observation equations in matrix form based on the expression AX = L + V

ii) Show the weight matrix W

Elevation of Point A = 500.00 m

B – A = 8.50 + V1

C – B = 4.28 + V2

D – C = -6.60 + V3

A – D = -5.72 + V4

D – B = -2.16 + V5

C – A = 12.91 + V6

B = 508.5 + V1

-B + C = 4.28 + V2

-C+D = -6.60 + V3

- D = -505.72 + V4

-B +D = -2.16 + V5

C = 512.91 + V6
  0 0 508.5 1
  0   4.28  2




 0  
 6.60
3

= +
 0 0 
505.72
4

 0 
 2.16
5

0  0
512.91
6

1 0 0 508.5 1
1 1 0  4.28  2




0 1 1
6.60
3
A= L= V=
X =   
0 0 1
505.72
4

1 0 1
 2.16
5

0 1 0
512.91
6

Write the observation equations in matrix form based on expression AX = L + V

1 0 0 508.5 1
1 1 0  4.28  2




0 1 1

X    = 
6.60
3

+
0 0 1
505.72
4

1 0 1
 2.16
5

0 1 0
512.91
6

Show the weight matrix, W

FROM TO ELEVATION STANDARD WEIGHT

DIFFERENCE DEVIATION 
( )
(m) (m) ²
A B 8.50 0.005 40000
B C 4.28 0.003 111111.1111
C D -6.60 0.004 62500
D A -5.72 0.003 111111.1111
B D -2.16 0.006 27777.7778
A C 12.91 0.012 6944.4444

140000 0 0 0 0 0
 0 111111.1111 0 0 0 0 


 0 0 62500 0 0 0

 0 0 0 111111.1111 0 0

 0 0 0 0 27777.7778 0

0 0 0 0 0 6944.4444