Effective tunneling transport system in Vladivostok city

Construction below ground level cannot be considered bypassing the aspect of urban heritage and
the

environment. The case doesn't involve only archaeological sites, old urban cores or naturally created
underground

spaces, but also new, modern facilities. Preservation of urban heritage is a precondition for each
underground

construction, not only because of legal regulations, but also because preservation of safety of surface
and

underground facilities. Environmental protection requires data precision in registering underground

water flows,

water springs and surfaces intended for greenery and agriculture, as their mutual misbalance is
considered a

pollution.

As for the legal aspect, we are reviewing whether existing regulations allow construction below
ground level in

Belgrade, and in the territory of Serbia. Just three years ago lawmakers made a slight advancement in
comparison to

the beginning of this century, by introducing through the Law on Planning and Construction, Article
2, underground

building within the term "building". The said Law expressly mentions underground and surface
infrastructure

facilities, while the other legal act§ states that each construction land is intended for construction
and the use of

facilities. As in legal framework anything not prohibited by the lawmaker is allowed, a conclusion is
that our

present laws allows construction below ground level.

5. Defining of urban planning parameters for underground construction

A conclusion that geological structure and geotechnics represent the most important factors in
construction of

underground spaces induces as one of the main tasks – systematization and re-interpretation of
geological

knowledge fund for the purpose of methodologically correct planning. In order to obtain urban
planning parameters

for underground construction, we need to test the applicability of criteria according to which the
standard surface
construction is conducted. As certain parameters are applicable on detail plan levels, we turn to the
next three which

are important for determining of zones at the level of Master plan.

Purpose of the city construction land is not decisive, but unavoidable parameter, as it separates
urban land

functions and creates a difference between the public and private use of the underground space. The
height of

facility as a parameter would have to be renamed into the "depth of facility". We have already
spoken about

protection of urban heritage as a criterion. By reviewing the stated parameters and selecting those
appropriate for

development of the model for determining zones for the underground Master plan, we can easily
separate from

Raymond's classification which descriptions are key for basis of the model for determining typology
for urbanistic

underground zones.