Barrage Design

Design of Barrage Hydraulic Structures
Design of Barrage
Input Design Data
Maximum Discharge, Q max 500000 cusecs
Minimum Discharge, Qmin 12000 cusecs
River Bed Level, RBL 582 ft
High Flood Level, HFL 600 ft
Lowest water level, LWL 587 ft
Numbers of canals on left side 1
Numbers of canals on right side 2
Maximum Discharge of one Canal 3500 cusecs
Slope of river 1 ft/mile
Lacey's Looseness Coefficient, LLC 1.8
1- Minimum Stable Wetted Perimeter

Wetted perimeter, Pw = 2.67√ Qmax 1888 ft
Width between abutment, Wa = LLC x Pw 3398 ft
Number of bays 50
Bay width 60 ft
Number of fish ladder 1
Width of one fish ladder 26 ft
Number of divide walls 2
Width of on divide wall 15 ft
width of one pier 7 ft
Total number of piers 47
Total width of bays 3000 ft
Total width of piers 329 ft
Width between abutment, Wa 3385 ft
Muhammad Azhar Saleem

2003/II-MS-C-STRU-01
Discharge between abutments, qabt 147.71 cusecs/ft

Discharge over weir, q weir 166.67 cusecs/ft
2- Calculation of Lacey's Silt Factor

S = (1/1844) x f**5/3 / Q**1/6
Lacey's silt factor, f 2.04
3- Fixation of Crest Level

Afflux 3 ft
Height of crest above river bed, P 6 ft
Scour depth, R = 0.9(qabt**2 / f)**1/3 19.82 ft
Depth of water above crest, Ho = R- P 13.82 ft
Approach velocity, Vo = qabt / R 7.45 ft/s
Energy head, ho = Vo**2 / 2g 0.86 ft
Eo = Ho + ho 14.69 ft
Do = HFL - RBL 18.00 ft
E1 = Do + ho + Afflux 21.86 ft
Level of E1 = RBL + E1 603.86 ft
Crest level = Level of E1 - Eo 589.18 ft
Maximum d/s water level 600 ft
h = d/s WL - Crest Level 10.82 ft
Using Gibson Curve
h / Eo 0.74
C' / C 0.84
C 3.8 fps
C' = (C'/C) x C 3.19
Q = C' x W clear x Eo**3/2 538948 cusecs O.K

4- Design of Undersluices
Difference between undersluices & main weir 3 ft

Number of undersluices (N1) 2
Number of bays for one undersluices (N2) 5
Flow through undesluices as % of main weir 120 %
Crest level of undersluices 586.18 ft
b1 = N1 x Bay width 300 ft
qus = % flow x q weir 200 cusecs/ft
Scour depth, R = 0.9(qus**2 / f)**1/3 24.26 ft
Do, (may be Do = R) 24.26 ft
Approach velocity, Vo = qus / R 8.24 ft/sec
Maximum U/S E.L = HFL + Afflux + ho 604.06 ft
Eo = U/S E.L - Crest Level 17.88 ft
h = (U/S E.L - Afflux) - Crest level 14.88 ft
h / Eo 0.83
Using Gibson Curve
C' / C 0.76
C' = (C'/C) x C 2.89
Q1 & Q3, ( Q = C' x Wclear x Eo**3/2) 131000 cusecs

Q main weir = C' x (Wclear(bays) - Wclear( us) )x Eo**3/2 431158 cusecs
Total Discharge = Q1 + Q3 + Q main weir 562158 cusecs O.K
%water through undersluices=(Q1+Q3)/Qmain weir*100 30.4 % 1
Hence
Crest Level of Undersluices 586.18 ft
Number of Bays on Each Side 5

5- Determination of Water Levels and Energy Levels
5.1 Check for main weir

Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q
(USWL-RBL) qclear/D (Vo**2/2g) (DSWL-CL) (USWL-CL) (USWL+ho-CL) (Gibson)
(cusecs) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/s) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (cusecs/ft) (cusecs)
For normal state

600000 601.5 604.0 22.0 9.1 1.28 12.32 14.82 16.11 0.765 0.820 3.12 201.4 604304.5051 O.K
500000 600 602.5 20.5 8.1 1.03 10.82 13.32 14.35 0.754 0.815 3.10 168.4 505080.2687 O.K
250000 597 598.5 16.5 5.1 0.396 7.82 9.32 9.72 0.805 0.780 2.96 89.8 269469.201 O.K
125000 592 594.5 12.5 3.3 0.17 2.82 5.32 5.50 0.514 0.940 3.57 46.0 138093.9179 O.K
For retrogressed state

600000 595.5 602.0 20.0 10.0 1.55 6.32 12.82 14.38 0.440 0.960 3.65 198.9 596585.232 NOT O.K
500000 596 601.0 19.0 8.8 1.19 6.82 11.82 13.02 0.524 0.930 3.53 166.0 498022.699 NOT O.K
250000 591 597.0 15.0 5.6 0.48 1.82 7.82 8.30 0.220 0.970 3.69 88.2 264578.8133 O.K
For accreted state

600000 604 606.0 24.0 8.3 1.08 14.82 16.82 17.90 0.828 0.765 2.91 220.2 660591.9303 O.K
500000 602.5 604.0 22.0 7.6 0.89 13.32 14.82 15.72 0.848 0.740 2.81 175.2 525555.6319 O.K
250000 601.5 602.0 20.0 4.2 0.27 12.32 12.82 13.09 0.941 0.520 1.98 93.6 280866.2414 O.K
5.2 Check fo undersluices
Increase in flow 20 %
Concentration of flow, Q 157199 cusecs
Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q

(USWL-RBL) qclear/D (Vo**2/2g) (DSWL-CL) (USWL-CL) (USWL+ho-CL) (Gibson)

(cusecs) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/s) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (cusecs/ft) (cusecs)
For normal state
157199 601.5 603.5 21.5 12.2 2.31 15.32 17.32 19.63 0.781 0.82 3.12 271.00 162602.6478 O.K
For Retrogressed state
157199 595.5 601.5 19.5 13.4 2.80 9.32 15.32 18.13 0.514 0.94 3.57 275.68 165409.025 O.K
For accreted state
157199 604.0 605.5 23.5 11.1 1.93 17.82 19.32 21.25 0.839 0.77 2.93 286.71 172025.0313 O.K
6- Fixation of d/s Floor Levels and Length of d/s Glacis and d/s Floor
6.1 Fixation of d/s floor levels for normal weir section using blench curves
Q qclear USEL DSEL hL E2 DSFL

(USWL+ho) (DSWL +ho) (USEL-DSEL) (blench curve) (DSEL - E2)
(cusecs) (cusecs/ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

Normal state of river
600000 201.4 605.28 602.78 2.50 19.1 583.68
500000 168.4 603.53 601.03 2.50 17.3 583.73
250000 89.8 598.90 597.40 1.50 11.2 586.20
For Retrogressed state of river
600000 198.9 603.55 597.05 6.50 21 576.05
500000 166.0 602.19 597.19 5.00 18.3 578.89
250000 88.2 597.48 591.48 6.00 13 578.48
For accreted state of river
600000 220.2 607.08 605.08 2.00 19.6 585.48
500000 175.2 604.89 603.39 1.50 16.6 586.79
250000 93.6 602.27 601.77 0.50 10.4 591.37

Hence
d/s Floor level 576.00 ft
6.2 Fixation of d/s floor levels for undersluices using blench curves


162603 271.00 605.81 603.81 2.00 22.3 581.51
165409 275.68 604.30 598.30 6.00 25.1 573.20
172025 286.71 607.43 605.93 1.50 22.6 583.33
Hence
d/s Floor level for undersluices 573.00 ft
7- Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using

Crump's method and determination of floor length
Q 500000 cusecs
Maximum DSWL 602.5 ft
USWL 604.0 ft
USEL 604.89 ft
DSFL 576.00 ft
RBL 582 ft
Crest level 589.18 ft
Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) 26.5 ft

d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) 5.57 ft/sec

d/s velocity head (V2/2g) 0.48 ft
DSEL (DSWL + velocity head) 602.98 ft
K (USEL - Crest Level ) 15.71 ft
L (USEL - DSEL ) 1.91 ft
q (Q / Total width of bays) 166.67 cusecs/ft
Critical Depth, C, (q2 / g)1/3 9.52 ft
L/C 0.20
(K+F)/C ,(from crumps curve) 1.92
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 2.56
Level of intersection of jump with glacis
= Crest level - F 586.61 ft
E2, ( DSEL - Level of intersection of jump) 16.37 ft
Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) 10.61 ft
Slope of d/s glacis 1: 3
Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) 31.84 ft
Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) 73.66 ft
Length of d/s floor, (Length of stilling pool -Length of glacis d/s of jump) 41.83 ft
Say 42 ft
L
K
y
F x

Fig:1 Various Parameters for using Crump's

Curve
b)
Q 500000 cusecs
Minimum DSWL 596 ft
USWL 601 ft
USEL 602.19 ft
DSFL 576 ft
RBL 582 ft
Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) 20 ft
DSEL, (DSWL + velocity head) 596.85 ft
L/C 0.56
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 10.59 ft


Say 75.00 ft
8 - Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices

a)
Q 157199.5 cusecs
Maximum DSWL 604 ft
USWL 605.5 ft
USEL 607.43 ft
DSFL 573 ft
RBL 582 ft
Dpool (Max. DSWL - DSFL) 31 ft
L/C 0.180
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 3.46 ft


Length of stilling pool, (4.5 x E2) 101 ft
Say 72.00 ft
b)
Q 157199.5 cusecs
Minimum DSWL 595.5 ft
USWL 601.5 ft
USEL 604.3 ft
DSFL 573 ft
RBL 582 ft
Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) 22.5 ft
L/C 0.520
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 11.73 ft


Say 100 ft
Hence we shall provide d/s floor length = 100 ft
9- Check for Adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate depth method.
9.1 For normal weir section
Ф 1.00
Floor level of stilling pool 576.00 ft
Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) 500000 250000

Discharge through main weir, Q1= 0.8Q (cusecs) 400000 200000
max. min. max min
USEL (ft) 604.89 602.19 602.27 597.48
DSWL (ft) 602.5 596.0 601.5 591
E = USEL - DSFL 28.89 26.19 26.27 21.48
Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/width of main weir 166.67 166.67 83.33 83.33
Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL 26.50 20.00 25.50 15.00
f(z) = q/E3/2 1.073 1.243 0.619 0.837
z 0.145 0.170 0.080 0.110
Conjugate depth coefficients
z' 0.635 0.671 0.504 0.573

d1 = z x E 4.19 4.45 2.10 2.36

Conjugate depths
d2 = z' x E 18.36 17.57 13.24 12.31
Jump submergency = Dpool - d2 8.14 2.43 12.26 2.69
Remarks O.K O.K O.K O.K
9.2 For undersluices section
Ф 1.00
Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) 500000

Discharge through U.S with 20% concentration, (1.2 x (Q1 + Q2)) 157199
Max. Min.
USEL (ft) 607.43 604.30
DSWL (ft) 604.00 595.5
E = USEL - DSFL (ft) 34.43 31.30
Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/Total width of all U/S 262 262
Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL 31.00 22.50
f(z) = q/E 3/2
1.30 1.50
z 0.180 0.217
z' 0.684 0.695
d1 = z x E 6.20 6.79
Conjugate depths
d2 = z' x E 23.54 21.75
Jump submergency = Dpool - d2 (ft) 7.46 0.75
Remarks O.K O.K
10 - Scour Protection

For main weir

Assume flow concentration 20 %
q = Qmax /(total width of bays) x 1.2 200 cusecs/ft
R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 24.26 ft
10.1 - d/s scour protection for main weir
Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition 1.75

Depth, R' = safety factor x R 42.46 ft
Minimum DSWL for Qmax 596 ft
d/s appron (floor) level, (DSFL) 576.00 ft
Depth of water on apron (Min DSWL - DSFL) 20.00 ft
Increase in depth due to concentration 0.50 ft
Depth of water with concentration, D' 20.50 ft
Depth of scour below apron = R' - D' 21.96 ft
Slope of protection 1: 3
Length of apron to cover surface of scour = Sqrt (12+32)x(R'-D') 69.44 ft
Length of d/s stone apron in horizontal position
= length of apron x (1.25t/1.75t) 50 ft
MIN. W.L
2.5(R-D)
D Bed Level DSFL
R' 1:3
t
Deepest Possible Scour

t
3(R-D)
Fig:2 Scour Protection
10.2 U/s Scour Protection for main weir
Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition 1.25

R' = Safety factor x R 30.33 ft
Minimum USWL for Qmax 601.00 ft
U/s apron level, (RBL) 582 ft
Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL 19.00 ft
Total depth with concentration, D' 19.50 ft
Length of u/s stone apron in horizontal position
For undersluices

q = (Q1+Q3)/Total width of undersluicesx 1.2 262 cusecs/ft
R = 0.9 (q /f)
2 1/3
29.05 ft
10.3 - d/s scour protection for undersluices


Minimum DSWL for Q1 + Q3 595.5 ft
10.4 U/s Scour Protection for undersluices

Minimum USWL for Q1 + Q3 601.5 ft
Total depth with concentration, D' 20 ft

10.5 - Thickness of Aprons
The following table gives the required valuves of "t" (Fig:2) for protection
of various grades of sand and slope of rivers.
Fall in inches/mile 3 9 12 18 24
Sand classification Thickness of stone pitching in inches
Very coarse 16 19 22 25 28
Coarse 22 25 28 31 34
Medium 28 31 34 37 40
Fine 34 37 40 43 46
Very fine 40 43 45 49 52
Type of soil Medium sand

Slope of river 12 in/mile
Thickness if stone pitching, t 34 in
Thickness of stone apron in horizontal position = 1.75xt/slope 5 ft
Size of concrete blocks over filter 4 ft cube
Summary
Total Length of d/s stone apron 50 ft
4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 16 ft (block= 4'x4'x4')
5 ft Thick stone apron 34 ft
Total length of u/s apron 25 ft

4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 8 ft (block= 4'x4'x4')

11 - Inverted Filter Design
Size of Concrete blocks 4 ft cube

Thickness of shingle (3' - 6") 9 in
Thickness of coarse shingle (3/4" - 3") 9 in
Thickness of fine shingle (3/16" - 3/4") 6 in
Spacing b/w conc. Blocks filled with fine shingle 2 in
Spacing /Jhries (2") Concrete Blocks

(4'x4'x4')
9" Gravel
9" Coarse sand
6" Sand
Fig: 3 Inverted Filter
12- Design of guide banks

i) Length of each guid bank measured in straight line along

the barrage u/s , Lu/s = 1.5 x Wa 5078 ft
ii) Length of each guid bank d/s of barrage, Ld/s = 0.2 x Wa 677 ft
iii) For the nose of the u/s guide bank and the full length of d/s
guide bank use Lacey's depth = 1.75 x R 42.46 ft
For remaining u/s guide bank lacey's depth = 1.25 x R 30.33 ft
iv) Possible slope of scour 1: 3
v) Free board u/s 7 ft above HFL
Free board d/s 6 ft above HFL
These free boards also include allowance for accretion.
vi) Top of guide bank 10 ft
vii) Side slope of guide bank 1: 3
viii) Minimum apron thickness 4 ft
Length of barrage, Wa 3385 ft

Length of u/s guide bank 5078 ft
Length of d/s guide bank 677 ft
Radius of u/s curved part 600 ft
Radius of d/s curved part 400 ft
Maximum u/s angle protected 140o
Maximum d/s angle protected 57o - 80o
12.1 Determination of levels of guide banks

Merrimen's backwater formula
L=
d 1 −d 2
S
1 C2
+D −
S(g )[ Φ( dD )−Φ ( dD )]
1 2

d 1 −d 2
)[ Φ( dD )−Φ ( dD )]
2
L=
S
1 C
+D −
S g (
L = length of back water curve
1 2
d2 D
d1
S
L
Bresse Backwater Function
Chezy's Coefficient, C 71 ( max for earthen channels)

Bed slope of river, S 1/ 5000
RBL 582 ft
D/s HFL with accretion 602.5 ft
D = D/s HFL with accretion - RBL 20.5 ft
U/s HFL with accretion 604.0 ft
d1 = U/s HFL with accretion - RBL 22.0 ft
Assume d2 (in between d1 and D) 21.78 ft
d1/D 1.073
d2/D 1.062
Ф (d1/D) (from Bresse back water function table) 0.7870
Ф (d2/D) 0.8287
L 5240 ft
Length of guide bank 5078
Comments O.K

Rise in RBL = Length of guide bank / slope 1.02 from barrage level
Water level along h/w axis at 5078 ft u/s of barrage
= RBL + Rise in RBL + d2 604.80 ft
i) Level at the nose of u/s guide bank = W/L + free board 611.80 ft
ii) Level at the barrage = HFL + free board 607 ft
iii) Water level d/s of barrage 602.5 ft
D/s free board 6 ft
Level of guide bank d/s = W/L + Free board 608.5 ft
13 - Design of Guide Bank Apron
W.L
D
2.5 (R' - D')
T=1.07t
T
R
1 :3

t
Working on same lines as in section 10,
Length of unlanched horizontal apron = 2.5(R' - D') 27.07 ft

Length of launched apron at 1:3 slope = 3.16(R' - D') 34.22 ft

Thickness of stone apron, t (as calculated previously) 34 inches
say 3 ft
Volume of stones in apron = t x length launched apron 102.65 ft3/unit width
Minimum thickness of unlaunched apron = 1.07t 3.2 ft
Mean thickness of unlaunched apron = volume/ 2.5(R' - D') 3.8 ft
Maximum thickness of unlaunched apron = 2tmean - tmin 5.0 ft
14 - Design of Marginal Bunds
i)Top width 20 ft
ii)Top level above estimated HFL after allowing 1.5ft accretion 5 ft
iii)Front slope of marginal bunds (not pitched) 1: 3
iv) Back slope to be such as to provide minimum cover of 2 ft,
over hydraulic gradient of 1:6
v) U/s water level at nose of guide bank 611.80 ft
Free board of marginal bund 5 ft
Hence level of marginal bund 616.80 ft
Calculation of length of backwater curve:
Merrimen's equation can be used to calculate backwater length
L=
d 1 −d 2
S (1 C2
+D −
S g )[ ( ) ( )]
Φ
d1
D
−Φ
d2
D

d2 D
d1
L
Maximum USWL at Qmax 604.0 ft

RBL 582 ft
Normal W.L without weir 600 ft
d1 = Maximum USWL - RBL 22.0 ft
D = Normal W.L - RBL 18 ft
Slope 1: 5000
Table for length of backwater curve
D d1 d2 d 1−d 2 1 C
2
d1 d2 d2 (5)x(10) L
1 2 3
S
4
−
S g
5
T 1=
6
D
T 2=
7
D Φ1 ( ) ( )
8
d1
D
Φ2
9
D
Φ2 −Φ 1
10
x(1)
11
=(11)+(4)
12
18 22.0 21.5 2500 4843.4 1.222 1.194 0.3162 0.3397 0.0235 2049 4549
18 21.5 21.0 2500 4843.4 1.194 1.167 0.3397 0.3636 0.0239 2084 4584
18 21.0 20.5 2500 4843.4 1.167 1.139 0.3636 0.3908 0.0272 2371 4871
18 20.5 20.0 2500 4843.4 1.139 1.111 0.3908 0.4198 0.029 2528 5028
18 20.0 19.5 2500 4843.4 1.111 1.083 0.4198 0.457 0.0372 3243 5743
18 19.5 19.0 2500 4843.4 1.083 1.056 0.457 0.4993 0.0423 3688 6188
18 19.0 18.5 2500 4843.4 1.056 1.028 0.4993 0.5511 0.0518 4516 7016
18 18.5 18.1 2000 4843.4 1.028 1.006 0.5511 0.6207 0.0696 6068 8068
Total 46047 ft
8.73 miles

Hence length of backwater cure = 8.73 miles
Part II
Design of barrage profile for sub surface flow condition
15 - Fixing of Depth of Sheet Piles
Scour depth, R 19.82 ft

Depth of u/s sheet pile from HFL = 1.5 R 30 ft
Max. USWL for Qmax 604.0 ft
RL of bottomo fu/s sheet pile = Max. USWL - 1.5R 574.0 ft
Depth of d/s sheet pile below HFL = 2R 40 ft
RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile = Max. USWL - 2R 564.0 ft
Let RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 550 ft
604.0 ft
589.18 ft
582.0 1: 4
A K 1: 3
576.00
B L N P R
574.0 75.00
M
564.0 Q
1.5H = 48 28.70 6 39.53 550.0

16 - Calculation of Exit Gradient

H 1
GE = x
d π√λ
H
b
E C
b1 α = b/d
d
D Parmeters of Khosla's Curve
Let the water be headed up to Max. accreted level u/s 604.0 ft

and no flow d/s.
Retogression 4 ft
DSFL 576.0 ft
Differential head causing seepeage, H = Max. u/s WL - (DSFL - Retrogression) 32.0 ft
Depth of d/s sheet pile, d = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 26.0 ft
Total length of concrete floor = b 197.23 ft
α = b/d 7.59
1 form α ~ 1 curve 0.152
π√λ π√λ

GE 0.187 SAFE
17 - Calculation of Uplift Pressure After Applying Correction
17.1 U/s pile line:
Length of concrete floor upto u/s sheet pile, b1 48 ft

Total length of concrete floor, b 197.23 ft
Depth of u/s sheet pile,d 8.0 ft
Assume tf u/s floor thickness 2.5 ft
1/α = d/b 0.0406
α = b/d 24.65
b1/b 0.243
1 - b1/b 0.757
ΦB = ΦD From khosla's curve 100 - 33 67 %
ΦA = ΦE From khosla's curve 100 - 31 69 %
Φ K = Φc From khosla's curve 64 %
i) Correction for floor thickness
Correction in tf 0.938 %
ΦK= ( Φ B−Φ K )
d
Correction in tf -ve 0.625 %
ΦA = ( Φ A −Φ B )
d
ii) Correction for interface of sheet pile
Correction in ΦK due to second pile = 19

[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
ΦK 19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
D = RBL - RL of bottom of second pile 18.0 ft
Distance between two piles, b' 74.23 ft
Correction in Φ +ve 1.23 %
K
iii) Slope correction for ΦK
Correction for bs
Φ K =−F S
b1
For 1:4 slope, Fs (from slope correction curve) 3.3
Distance between two piles, b1 74.23 ft
Horizontal projection of u/s glacis, bs = (crest level - RBL) x 1/slope 28.70 ft
Correction for Φ -1.28
K
Hence
Correted Φ A 68.375 %
Corrected Φ 67 %
B
Corrected 64.895 %
Φ K
17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis:
Assume floor thickness 10 ft

DSFL 576.00 ft
RL of intermediate sheet pile 564.00 ft
d = DSFL - RL of Intermediate sheet pile 12.00 ft
Length of concrete floor up to sheet pile, b1 122.23 ft

b1/b 0.620
1 - b1/b 0.380
α = b/d 16.44
Φ L=Φ E From khosla's curve 100 - 55 45 %
Φ M =Φ D From khosla's curve 100 - 58 42 %
Φ N =Φ From khosla's curve 36.5 %
C
i) Correction due to floor thickness
Correction in tf -2.5 %
Φ L= ( Φ L −Φ M )
d
Correction in tf 4.58 %
Φ N = ( Φ M −Φ N )
d
ii) Correction due to interference of pile
Correction in Φ Ldue to u/s sheet pile 19

[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d 12.0 ft
D = RBL - RL of bottom of u/s sheet pile 18.00 ft
Correction in Φ =
L 19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
-1.42 %
Correction in Φ due to d/s sheet pile =

N
Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d
19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b' 12.00 ft
D = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 26.00 ft

Correction in Φ =
N 19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
2.16 %
iii) Slope correction for Φ

L
for '1:3 slope, Fs 4.5

bs = (crest level - DSFL) x 1/slope 39.53 ft
Correction in
bs 2.40 %
Φ L=F S ×
b1
Hence
Corrected Φ 43.47 %
L
Corrected Φ 42 %
M
N
17.3 D/s sheet pile at the end of impervious floor

Depth of d/s sheet pile, d 26.00 ft
1/α = d/b 0.132
Φ P =Φ E From khosla's curve 100 - 68 32 %
ΦQ =Φ D From khosla's curve 100 - 78 22 %
Φ R=Φ C From khosla's curve 0 %

Correction in Φ -2.69 %
P
Correction in Φ 5.92 %
R
ii) Correction due to interface of piles
Correction in Φ P
Depth of d/s sheet pile,d 26.00 ft
D = DSFL - RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile 12.00 ft
Correction in Φ P= 19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
-1.46 %
Hence
P
Corrected Φ 22 %
Q
Corrected Φ 5.92 %
R
Table: Uplift pressure at E, D, C and along the sheet piles
Symbol used in u/s Pile Intermediate d/s Pile

Khosla cueve line Line Line
ΦE ΦA = 68.38% ΦL = 43.47% Φ P = 27.84%
ΦD ΦB = 67% ΦM = 42% ΦQ = 22%
ΦC Φ =
K
64.89% Φ =
N
43.24% Φ =
R
5.92%

18 - Calculation For Floor Thickness:
Φ
tf= ×H
100 ( G−1 )
where
tf = Thickness of floor in ft
Φ = % Uplift pressure
H = Maximum differential head causing seepage
G = Specific gravity of concrete 2.4
a) Thickness of floor at A
Assumend thickness 2.5 ft

H 32 ft
Thickness from uplift pressure 15.63 ft
say 16.00 ft
b) Thickness of floor at L
Assumend thickness 10 ft
say 10.00 ft
c) Thickness of floor at N
say 10.00 ft
d) Thickness of floor at P
say 7.00 ft

e) Thickness of floor at crest
L
x
ΦL
ΦK
Pressure at crest
Φ −Φ L
Uplift pressure at crest =Φ + K ( x) 54.88003 %
L
Hence y
Thickness of floor at crest d/s of gate 12.54401 ft
say 13 ft

Design of Barrage
Input Design Data
Maximum Discharge, Q max 540000 cusecs
Minimum Discharge, Qmin 12000 cusecs
River Bed Level, RBL 582 ft
High Flood Level, HFL 600 ft
Lowest water level, LWL 587 ft
Numbers of canals on left side 1
Numbers of canals on right side 2
Maximum Discharge of one Canal 3500 cusecs
Slope of river 1 ft/mile
Lacey's Looseness Coefficient, LLC 1.8
1- Minimum Stable Wetted Perimeter

Wetted perimeter, Pw = 2.67√ Qmax 1962 ft
Width between abutment, Wa = LLC x Pw 3532 ft
Number of bays 55
Bay width 60 ft
Number of fish ladder 1
Width of one fish ladder 25 ft
Number of divide walls 2
Width of one divide wall 15 ft
width of one pier 7 ft
Total number of piers 52
Total width of bays 3300 ft
Total width of piers 364 ft
Width between abutment, Wa 3719 ft
Discharge between abutments, qabt 145.20 cusecs/ft
Discharge over weir, q weir 163.64 cusecs/ft
2- Calculation of Lacey's Silt Factor

S = (1/1844) x f**5/3 / Q**1/6
Lacey's silt factor, f 2.06
3- Fixation of Crest Level

Afflux 3 ft
Height of crest above river bed, P 6 ft
Scour depth, R = 0.9(qabt**2 / f)**1/3 19.55 ft
Depth of water above crest, Ho = R- P 13.55 ft
Approach velocity, Vo = qabt / R 7.43 ft/s
Eo = Ho + ho 14.41 ft
Do = HFL - RBL 18.00 ft
E1 = Do + ho + Afflux 21.86 ft
Level of E1 = RBL + E1 603.86 ft
Crest level = Level of E1 - Eo 589.45 ft
Maximum d/s water level 600 ft
h = d/s WL - Crest Level 10.55 ft
Using Gibson Curve
h / Eo 0.73
C' / C 0.86
C 3.8 fps
C' = (C'/C) x C 3.27
Q = C' x W clear x Eo**3/2 589630 cusecs

O.K
4- Design of Undersluices
Difference between undersluices & main weir 3 ft

Number of undersluices (N1) 2
Number of bays for one undersluices (N2) 5
Flow through undesluices as % of main weir 120 %
Crest level of undersluices 586.45 ft
b1 = N1 x Bay width 300 ft
qus = % flow x q weir 196.3636 cusecs/ft
Scour depth, R = 0.9(qus**2 / f)**1/3 23.91 ft
Do, (may be Do = R) 23.91 ft
Approach velocity, Vo = qus / R 8.21 ft/sec
Maximum U/S E.L = HFL + Afflux + ho 604.05 ft
Eo = U/S E.L - Crest Level 17.60 ft
h = (U/S E.L - Afflux) - Crest level 14.60 ft
h / Eo 0.83
Using Gibson Curve
C' / C 0.77
C' = (C'/C) x C 2.93
Q1 & Q3, ( Q = C' x Wclear x Eo**3/2) 129586 cusecs

Q main weir = C' x (Wclear(bays) - Wclear( us) )x Eo**3/2 482425 cusecs
Total Discharge = Q1 + Q3 + Q main weir O.K 612010 cusecs
%water through undersluices=(Q1+Q3)/Qmain weir*100 1 26.9 %
Hence
Crest Level of Undersluices 586.45 ft
Number of Bays on Each Side 5
5- Determination of Water Levels and Energy Levels

Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho
(USWL-RBL) qclear/D (Vo**2/2g) (DSWL-CL) (USWL-CL)
(cusecs) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/s) (ft) (ft) (ft)
For normal state

648000 602 604.5 22.5 8.7 1.18 12.55 15.05
540000 600.5 603.0 21.0 7.8 0.94 11.05 13.55
270000 597.5 598.5 16.5 5.0 0.382 8.05 9.05
135000 593 594.5 12.5 3.3 0.17 3.55 5.05
For retrogressed state
648000 596 602.5 20.5 9.6 1.42 6.55 13.05
540000 596.5 601.5 19.5 8.4 1.09 7.05 12.05
270000 592 597.0 15.0 5.5 0.46 2.55 7.55
For accreted state
648000 604.5 605.5 23.5 8.4 1.08 15.05 16.05
540000 603 604.0 22.0 7.4 0.86 13.55 14.55
270000 602 602.5 20.5 4.0 0.25 12.55 13.05
5.2 Check for undersluices
Increase in flow 20 %
Concentration of flow, Q 155503 cusecs
Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho
(USWL-RBL) qclear/D (Vo**2/2g) (DSWL-CL) (USWL-CL)
(cusecs) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/s) (ft) (ft) (ft)
For normal state

155503 594 601.5 19.5 13.3 2.74 7.55 15.05
For Retrogressed state
155503 590 601 19 13.6 2.89 3.55 14.55
For accreted state
155503 598.0 602.5 20.5 12.6 2.48 11.55 16.05
6- Fixation of d/s Floor Levels and Length of d/s Glacis and d/s Floor

648000 201.3 605.68 603.18 2.50 18.6 584.58
540000 170.8 603.94 601.44 2.50 17.6 583.84
270000 83.6 598.88 597.88 1.00 10 587.88
648000 198.8 603.92 597.42 6.50 20.8 576.62
540000 168.4 602.59 597.59 5.00 17.3 580.29
270000 84.4 597.46 592.46 5.00 12 580.46
648000 196.7 606.58 605.58 1.00 17 588.58
540000 167.8 604.86 603.86 1.00 15.4 588.46
270000 86.6 602.75 602.25 0.50 10.5 591.75
Hence
d/s Floor level 577.00 ft
6.2 Fixation of d/s floor levels for undersluices using blench curves


157414 262.36 604.24 596.74 7.50 27.5 569.24
156064 260.11 603.89 592.89 11.00 26.5 566.39
165503 275.84 604.98 600.48 4.50 28.4 572.08
Hence
d/s Floor level for undersluices 566.00 ft
7- Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using

Q 540000 cusecs
Maximum DSWL 603.00 ft
USWL 604.00 ft
USEL 604.86 ft
DSFL 577.00 ft
RBL 582 ft
L/C 0.15
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 2.65
Say 46 ft
L
K
y
F x
Fig:1 Various Parameters for using Crump's

Curve
b)
Q 540000 cusecs
Minimum DSWL 596.5 ft
USWL 601.5 ft
USEL 602.59 ft
DSFL 577.00 ft
RBL 582 ft
Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) 19.5 ft
DSEL, (DSWL + velocity head) 597.36 ft
L/C 0.56
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 10.18 ft
Say 75.00 ft
8 - Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices

a)
Q 155502.6 cusecs
Maximum DSWL 598 ft
USWL 602.5 ft
USEL 604.98 ft
DSFL 566.00 ft
RBL 582 ft
L/C 0.467
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 9.58 ft
Say 68.00 ft
b)
Q 155502.6 cusecs
Minimum DSWL 590 ft
USWL 601 ft
USEL 603.89 ft
DSFL 566.00 ft
RBL 582 ft
Dpool (Min. DSWL - DSFL) 24 ft
L/C 0.945
F, [(K+F)/C x C - K] 19.62 ft
Say 110 ft
Hence we shall provide d/s floor length = 110 ft
9- Check for Adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate depth method.

Ф 1.00

Discharge through main weir, Q1= 0.8Q (cusecs) 432000
max. min.
USEL (ft) 604.86 602.59
DSWL (ft) 603 596.5
E = USEL - DSFL 27.86 25.59
Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/width of main weir 160.00 160.00
Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL 26.00 19.50
f(z) = q/E3/2 1.088 1.236
z 0.150 0.170
z' 0.643 0.671
d1 = z x E 4.18 4.35
Conjugate depths
d2 = z' x E 17.92 17.17
Jump submergency = Dpool - d2 8.08 2.33
Remarks O.K O.K
9.2 For undersluices section
Ф 1.00
Floor level of stilling pool 566.00

Discharge through U.S with 20% concentration, (1.2 x (Q1 + Q2)) 155503
Max.
USEL (ft) 604.98
DSWL (ft) 598.00
E = USEL - DSFL (ft) 38.98
Intensity of flow on d/s floor, q = Q1/Total width of all U/S 259
Depth in stilling pool, Dpool = DSWL - DSFL 32.00
f(z) = q/E 3/2
1.06
z 0.145
z' 0.635
d1 = z x E 5.65
Conjugate depths
d2 = z' x E 24.75
Jump submergency = Dpool - d2 (ft) 7.25
Remarks O.K
10 - Scour Protection
For main weir
q = Qmax /(total width of bays) x 1.2 196.3636 cusecs/ft
R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 23.91 ft
10.1 - d/s scour protection for main weir

Minimum DSWL for Qmax 596.5 ft
MIN. W.L
2.5(R-D)
D Bed Level DSFL
R' 1:3
t
3(R-D)
Fig:2 Scour Protection
10.2 U/s Scour Protection for main weir

Minimum USWL for Qmax 601.50 ft
For undersluices

q = (Q1+Q3)/Total width of undersluicesx 1.2 259 cusecs/ft
R = 0.9 (q2/f)1/3 28.76 ft
10.3 - d/s scour protection for undersluices

Minimum DSWL for Q1 + Q3 590 ft
10.4 U/s Scour Protection for undersluices

Minimum USWL for Q1 + Q3 601 ft
Depth of water on apron = USWL -RBL 19 ft
10.5 - Thickness of Aprons
The following table gives the required valuves of "t" (Fig:2) for protection
of various grades of sand and slope of rivers.
Fall in inches/mile 3 9 12 18 24
Sand classification Thickness of stone pitching in inches
Very coarse 16 19 22 25 28
Coarse 22 25 28 31 34
Medium 28 31 34 37 40
Fine 34 37 40 43 46
Very fine 40 43 45 49 52
Type of soil Medium sand

Slope of river 12 in/mile
Thickness if stone pitching, t 34 in
Thickness of stone apron in horizontal position = 1.75xt/slope 5 ft
Size of concrete blocks over filter 4 ft cube
Summary
Total Length of d/s stone apron 50 ft
4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 16 ft (block= 4'x4'x4
Total length of u/s apron 23 ft

4 ft Thick bloke apron = 1/3 x total length 7 ft (block= 4'x4'x4
11 - Inverted Filter Design
Size of Concrete blocks 4 ft cube

Thickness of shingle (3' - 6") 9 in
Thickness of coarse shingle (3/4" - 3") 9 in
Thickness of fine shingle (3/16" - 3/4") 6 in
Spacing b/w conc. Blocks filled with fine shingle 2 in
Spacing /Jhries (2") Concrete

(4'
9" G
9" Coars
Concrete
(4'
9" G
9" Coars
Fig: 3 Inverted Filter
12- Design of guide banks
i) Length of each guid bank measured in straight line along

the barrage u/s , Lu/s = 1.5 x Wa 4071 ft
ii) Length of each guid bank d/s of barrage, Ld/s = 0.2 x Wa 542.8 ft
iii) For the nose of the u/s guide bank and the full length of d/s
guide bank use Lacey's depth = 1.75 x R 38.41 ft
For remaining u/s guide bank lacey's depth = 1.25 x R 27.44 ft
iv) Possible slope of scour 1: 3
v) Free board u/s 7 ft above HFL
Free board d/s 6 ft above HFL
These free boards also include allowance for accretion.
vi) Top of guide bank 10 ft
vii) Side slope of guide bank 1: 3
viii) Minimum apron thickness 4 ft
Length of barrage, Wa 2714 ft

Length of u/s guide bank 4071 ft
Length of d/s guide bank 542.8 ft
Radius of u/s curved part 600 ft
Radius of d/s curved part 400 ft
Maximum u/s angle protected 140o
Maximum d/s angle protected 57o - 80o

Merrimen's backwater formula
L=
d 1 −d 2
S
1 C2
+D −
S g (
L = length of back water curve
)[ Φ( dD )−Φ ( dD )]
1 2
d2 D
d1
S
L
Chezy's Coefficient, C 71 ( max for earthen channel

Bed slope of river, S 1/ 5000
RBL 582 ft
D/s HFL with accretion 602 ft
D = D/s HFL with accretion - RBL 20 ft
U/s HFL with accretion 602.5 ft
d1 = U/s HFL with accretion - RBL 20.5 ft
Assume d2 (in between d1 and D) 20.2 ft
d1/D 1.025
d2/D 1.010
Ф (d1/D) (from Bresse back water function table) 1.1914
Ф (d2/D) 1.4192
L 23567 ft
Length of guide bank 4071
Comments O.K
Rise in RBL = Length of guide bank / slope 0.81 from barrage level
Water level along h/w axis at 4071 ft u/s of barrage
= RBL + Rise in RBL + d2 603.01 ft
i) Level at the nose of u/s guide bank = W/L + free board 610.01 ft
ii) Level at the barrage = HFL + free board 608.5 ft
iii) Water level d/s of barrage 600.0 ft
D/s free board 6 ft
Level of guide bank d/s = W/L + Free board 606.0 ft
13 - Design of Guide Bank Apron
W.L
D
D
2.5 (R' - D')
T=1.07t
T
R
1 :3

t
Working on same lines as in section 10,
Length of unlanched horizontal apron = 2.5(R' - D') 34.08 ft

Length of launched apron at 1:3 slope = 3.16(R' - D') 43.07 ft
Thickness of stone apron, t (as calculated previously) 34 inches
say 3 ft
Volume of stones in apron = t x length launched apron 129.21 ft3/unit width
Minimum thickness of unlaunched apron = 1.07t 3.2 ft
Mean thickness of unlaunched apron = volume/ 2.5(R' - D') 3.8 ft
Maximum thickness of unlaunched apron = 2tmean - tmin 5.0 ft
14 - Design of Marginal Bunds
i)Top width 20 ft
ii)Top level above estimated HFL after allowing 1.5ft accretion 5 ft
iii)Front slope of marginal bunds (not pitched) 1: 3
iv) Back slope to be such as to provide minimum cover of 2 ft,
over hydraulic gradient of 1:6
v) U/s water level at nose of guide bank 610.01 ft
Free board of marginal bund 5 ft
Hence level of marginal bund 615.01 ft
Calculation of length of backwater curve:
Merrimen's equation can be used to calculate backwater length
L=
d 1 −d 2
S (1 C2
+D −
S g )[ Φ( dD )−Φ ( dD )]
1 2
d2 D
d1
d2 D
d1
L
Maximum USWL at Qmax 601.5 ft

RBL 582 ft
Normal W.L without weir 600 ft
d1 = Maximum USWL - RBL 19.5 ft
D = Normal W.L - RBL 18 ft
Slope 1: 5000
Table 14.1: Table for length of backwater curve
d1 d2 2
D d 1−d 2 1 C d1 d2 d1
1 2 3
S
4
−
S g
5
T 1=
6
D
T 2=
7
D Φ1 ( )
8
D
18 19.5 19.0 2500 4843.4 1.083 1.056 0.6806

18 19.0 18.5 2500 4843.4 1.056 1.028 0.8968
18 18.5 18.0 2500 4843.4 1.028 1.000 1.1914
18 18.0 17.5 2500 4843.4 1.000 0.972 2.1837
18 17.5 17.0 2500 4843.4 0.972 0.944 2.1837
18 17.0 16.5 2500 4843.4 0.944 0.917 2.1837
18 16.5 16.0 2500 4843.4 0.917 0.889 2.1837
18 16.0 15.6 2000 4843.4 0.889 0.867 2.1837
Hence length of backwater cure = 28.52 miles
Part II
15 - Fixing of Depth of Sheet Piles
Scour depth, R 21.95 ft

Depth of u/s sheet pile from HFL = 1.5 R 33 ft
Max. USWL for Qmax 602.5 ft
RL of bottomo fu/s sheet pile = Max. USWL - 1.5R 569.5 ft
Depth of d/s sheet pile below HFL = 2R 44 ft
RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile = Max. USWL - 2R 558.5 ft
Let RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 548 ft
602.5 ft
589.45 ft
582.0 1: 4
A K 1: 3
577.00
B L N P R
569.5 75.00
M
558.5 Q
1.5H = 44.25 29.81 6 37.35 548.0
16 - Calculation of Exit Gradient

H 1
GE = x
d π√λ
H
b
E C
b1 α = b/d
d
D Parmeters of Khosla's Curve
Let the water be headed up to Max. accreted level u/s 602.5 ft

and no flow d/s.
Retogression 4 ft
DSFL 577.0 ft
Differential head causing seepeage, H = Max. u/s WL - (DSFL - Retrogression) 29.5 ft
Depth of d/s sheet pile, d = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 29.0 ft
Total length of concrete floor = b 192.41 ft
α = b/d 6.63
1 form α ~ 1 curve 0.153
π√λ π√λ
GE 0.156 SAFE
17 - Calculation of Uplift Pressure After Applying Correction

17.1 U/s pile line:
Length of concrete floor upto u/s sheet pile, b1 44.25 ft

Assume tf u/s floor thickness 2.5 ft
1/α = d/b 0.0650
α = b/d 15.39
b1/b 0.230
1 - b1/b 0.770
ΦB = ΦD From khosla's curve 100 - 32 68 %
ΦA = ΦE From khosla's curve 100 - 30 70 %
ΦK = Φc From khosla's curve 63 %
i) Correction for floor thickness
tf
Correction in ΦK= ( Φ −Φ K ) 1.000 %
d B
Correction in tf -ve 0.4 %
Φ A = ( Φ A −Φ B )
d
ii) Correction for interface of sheet pile
Correction in ΦK due to second pile = 19 [ ]√

d+ D
b
D
b'
D = RBL - RL of bottom of second pile 23.5 ft
Correction in ΦK +ve 2.01 %
iii) Slope correction for ΦK
Correction for bs
Φ K =−F S
b1
For 1:4 slope, Fs (from slope correction curve) 3.3
Horizontal projection of u/s glacis, bs = (crest level - RBL) x 1/slope 29.81 ft
Correction for Φ K -1.34
Hence
Correted Φ A 69.6 %
Corrected Φ 68 %
B
K
ΦK
17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis:

DSFL 577.00 ft
RL of intermediate sheet pile 558.50 ft
d = DSFL - RL of Intermediate sheet pile 18.50 ft
Length of concrete floor up to sheet pile, b1 117.41 ft
b1/b 0.610
1 - b1/b 0.390
α = b/d 10.40
Φ L=Φ E From khosla's curve 100 - 51 49 %
Φ M =Φ D From khosla's curve 100 - 55 45 %
Φ N =Φ From khosla's curve 37 %
C
tf
Correction in Φ L= ( Φ −Φ M ) -2.162162 %
d L
t
Correction in Φ N = f ( Φ M −Φ N ) 4.32 %
d
ii) Correction due to interference of pile
Correction in Φdue
L
to u/s sheet pile 19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b'
Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d 18.5 ft
D = RBL - RL of bottom of u/s sheet pile 23.50 ft
Correction in Φ=L 19
[ ]√
d+D
b
D
b'
-2.35 %
Correction in Φ Ndue to d/s sheet pile =

Depth of Intermediate sheet pile,d
19
[ ]√
d+ D
b
D
b' 18.50 ft
D = DSFL - RL of bottom of d/s sheet pile 29.00 ft
Correction in Φ=N 19
[ ]√
d+D
b
D
b'
2.92 %
iii) Slope correction for ΦL

for '1:3 slope, Fs 4.5
bs = (crest level - DSFL) x 1/slope 37.35 ft
bs
Correction in Φ L=F S × 2.30 %
b1
Hence
Corrected ΦL 46.78 %
Corrected ΦM 45 %
Corrected ΦN 44.24 %
17.3 D/s sheet pile at the end of impervious floor

Depth of d/s sheet pile, d 29.00 ft
1/α = d/b 0.151
Φ P =Φ E From khosla's curve 100 - 68 32 %
ΦQ =Φ D From khosla's curve 100 - 78 22 %
Φ R =Φ C From khosla's curve 0 %
Correction in ΦP -2.41 %
Correction in ΦR 5.31 %
ii) Correction due to interface of piles
Correction in Φ P
Depth of d/s sheet pile,d 29.00 ft
D = DSFL - RL of bottom of intermediate sheet pile 18.50 ft
Correction in Φ=P 19
[ ]√
d+D
b
D
b'
-2.33 %
Hence
Corrected ΦP 27.26 %
Corrected ΦQ 22 %
Corrected ΦR 5.31 %
Table 17.1: Uplift pressure at E, D, C and along the sheet piles

Symbol used in u/s Pile Intermediate d/s Pile
Khosla cueve line Line Line
ΦE ΦA = 69.6% ΦL = 46.78% Φ P = 27.26%
ΦD ΦB = 68% ΦM = 45% ΦQ = 22%
ΦC ΦK = 64.67% ΦN = 44.24% ΦR = 5.31%
18 - Calculation For Floor Thickness:
Φ
tf = ×H
100 ( G−1 )
where
tf = Thickness of floor in ft
Φ = % Uplift pressure
H = Maximum differential head causing seepage
G = Specific gravity of concrete 2.4
a) Thickness of floor at A
Assumend thickness 2.5 ft

H 25.50 ft
say 13.00 ft
b) Thickness of floor at L
say 9.00 ft
c) Thickness of floor at N
say 9.00 ft
d) Thickness of floor at P
say 5.00 ft
e) Thickness of floor at crest
L
x
ΦL
ΦK
Pressure at crest
Φ −Φ L
Uplift pressure at crest =Φ L+ K ( x) 55.91692 %
Hence y
Thickness of floor at crest d/s of gate 10.18487 ft
say 11 ft
Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q
(USWL+ho-CL) (Gibson)
(ft) (cusecs/ft) (cusecs)
state
16.23 0.77 0.810 3.08 201.3 664221.9459 O.K
14.49 0.76 0.815 3.10 170.8 563797.8175 O.K
9.43 0.85 0.760 2.89 83.6 275999.7939 O.K
5.21 0.68 0.920 3.50 41.6 137391.4404 O.K
ed state
14.47 0.45 0.950 3.61 198.8 655955.61 O.K
13.14 0.54 0.930 3.53 168.4 555619.1279 O.K
8.01 0.32 0.980 3.72 84.4 278626.5102 O.K
state
17.13 0.88 0.730 2.77 196.7 649176.9522 O.K
15.41 0.88 0.730 2.77 167.8 553639.3763 O.K
13.30 0.94 0.470 1.79 86.6 285743.003 O.K
Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q

(USWL+ho-CL) (Gibson)
(ft) (cusecs/ft) (cusecs)
state
17.79 0.42 0.92 3.50 262.36 157414.3413 O.K
ed state
17.44 0.20 0.94 3.57 260.11 156063.6547 O.K
state
18.53 0.62 0.91 3.46 275.84 165503.3824 O.K
270000
216000
max min
602.75 597.46
602 597
25.75 20.46
80.00 80.00
25.00 20.00
0.612 0.864
0.080 0.115
0.504 0.585
2.06 2.35
12.98 11.97
12.02 8.03
O.K O.K
ft
540000
155503
Min.
603.89
590.00
37.89
259
24.00
1.11
0.155
0.630
5.87
23.87
0.13
O.K
ft (block= 4'x4'x4')
ft (block= 4'x4'x4')
Concrete Blocks
(4'x4'x4')
9" Gravel
9" Coarse sand

Concrete Blocks
(4'x4'x4')
9" Gravel
9" Coarse sand
6" Sand
ft above HFL
ft above HFL
( max for earthen channels)
from barrage level

ft3/unit width
d2 (5)x(10) L
Φ2 ( )
D
9
Φ2 −Φ 1
10
x(1)
11
=(11)+(4)
12
0.8968 0.2162 18849 21349
1.1914 0.2946 25684 28184
2.1837 0.9923 86511 89011
2.1837 0 0 2500
2.1837 0 0 2500
2.1837 0 0 2500
2.1837 0 0 2500
2.1837 0 0 2000
Total 150543 ft
28.52 miles
OK
Table F Conjugate depth d2 for different discharges under gated and ungated flows.
Basic Data:
Clear width of the weir section of the barrage b 2520 ft
Barrage Crest Level EL 678 ft
Ungated Discharge 700000 692.74 ft
Theoretical velocity for gated

control flow
H =Z−d / 2
For ungated flow H =Z−h/ 2−d /2
Trial 1 Trial 2
q=Q/b H Vth Vact d1 Vth Vact d1
Q (cfs) (cfs/ft) (ft) ft/sec ft/sec (ft) H (ft) ft/sec ft/sec ft FR1 d2/ d1 d2 ft D/S WL
50000 14.88 24.00 39.31 33.42 0.45 23.78 39.13 29.35 0.51 7.26 9.78 4.96 674.96
100000 29.76 24.00 39.31 33.42 0.89 23.55 38.95 29.21 1.02 5.10 6.73 6.86 676.86
200000 59.52 24.00 39.31 33.42 1.78 23.11 38.58 28.93 2.06 3.55 4.55 9.37 679.37
300000 89.29 24.00 39.31 33.42 2.67 22.66 38.20 32.47 2.75 3.45 4.41 12.12 682.12
400000 119.05 24.00 39.31 33.42 3.56 22.22 37.83 32.15 3.70 2.94 3.69 13.68 683.68
500000 148.81 24.00 39.31 33.42 4.45 21.77 37.45 31.83 4.68 2.59 3.20 14.97 684.97
700000
208.33 15.37 31.46 26.74 7.79 11.47 27.18 23.11 9.02 1.36 1.48 13.36 683.36
840000
250.00 16.28 32.37 27.52 9.08 11.73 27.49 23.36 10.70 1.26 1.35 14.43 684.43
950000
282.74 16.92 33.01 28.06 10.08 11.88 27.66 23.51 12.02 1.19 1.26 15.18 685.18
EL694
EL 678
d Z
EL673
1:3
EL 670
EL 678
d Z
EL673
1:3
EL 670
Part I
Design of barrage for overflow condition
1 Minimum stable wetted perimeter

2 Calculation of Lacey's silt factor
3 Fixation of crest level
4 Design of undersluices
5 Determination of water levels and energy levels
5.2 Check fo undersluices
6 Fixation of d/s floor levels and length of d/s glacis and d/s floor
6.2 Fixation of floor levels for undersluices
7 Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using
8 Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices
9 Check for the adequacy for d/s floor levels using conjugate
depth method
9.2 For undersluice section
10 Scour protection
10.1 d/s scour protection
10.2 u/s scour protection
10.3 Thickness of aprons
11 Inverted filter design
12 Design of guide banks
13 Design of guide bank aprons
14 Design of marginal bunds
Part II
15 Fixation of depth of sheet piles
16 Calculation of exit gradients
17 Calculation of uplift pressure after applying correction
17.1 u/s pile length
17.2 Intermediate sheet pile at toe of d/s glacis
17.3 d/s sheet pile at the end of impervious floor
18 Calculation of floor thickness
days
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Barrage Design

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Barrage Design

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Design of Barrage Hydraulic Structures

1- Minimum Stable Wetted Perimeter

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Discharge between abutments, qabt 147.71 cusecs/ft

2- Calculation of Lacey's Silt Factor

3- Fixation of Crest Level

Q = C' x W clear x Eo**3/2 538948 cusecs O.K

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Difference between undersluices & main weir 3 ft

Q1 & Q3, ( Q = C' x Wclear x Eo**3/2) 131000 cusecs

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

5- Determination of Water Levels and Energy Levels

5.1 Check for main weir

For normal state

For retrogressed state

For accreted state

5.2 Check fo undersluices

Q DSWL USWL D Vo ho h Ho Eo h/Eo C'/C C' qclear Q

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

(USWL-RBL) qclear/D (Vo**2/2g) (DSWL-CL) (USWL-CL) (USWL+ho-CL) (Gibson)

Q qclear USEL DSEL hL E2 DSFL

(cusecs) (cusecs/ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Q qclear USEL DSEL hL E2 DSFL

(cusecs) (cusecs/ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

7- Fixation of d/s floor level for normal barrage section using

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

d/s Velocity (Q/(Dpool x Wa) 5.57 ft/sec

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Fig:1 Various Parameters for using Crump's

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Length of glacis d/s of jump, (slope x submergency) 7.74 ft

8 - Fixation of d/s floor length for undersluices

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) 9.72 ft

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Submergency of jump, (Level of intersection of jump - DSFL ) 1.44 ft

Hence we shall provide d/s floor length = 100 ft

9.1 For normal weir section

Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) 500000 250000

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

d1 = z x E 4.19 4.45 2.10 2.36

9.2 For undersluices section

Discharge in river, Q (cusecs) 500000

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

For main weir

10.1 - d/s scour protection for main weir

Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition 1.75

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

10.2 U/s Scour Protection for main weir

Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition 1.25

Assume flow concentration 20 %

10.3 - d/s scour protection for undersluices

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

Safety factor for d/s floor critical condition 1.75

10.4 U/s Scour Protection for undersluices

Safety factor for u/s floor critical condition 1.25

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

10.5 - Thickness of Aprons

Type of soil Medium sand

Total length of u/s apron 25 ft

Muhammad Azhar Saleem

11 - Inverted Filter Design