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Environmental Chemistry
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. The layer of atmosphere which extends upto 10 km from sea level is called
(1) Troposphere (2) Stratosphere (3) Ionosphere (4) Mesosphere
Sol. Answer (1)
The layer of atmosphere which is upto 10 km from the sea level is called troposphere.
2. Those pollutants which are readily degradable by natural process are called
(1) Biodegradable pollutant (2) Non-biodegradable pollutant
(3) Primary pollutant (4) Secondary pollutant
Sol. Answer (1)
Those pollutants like organic waste which are degraded by the action of bacteria, fungi or other microbes are
called biodegradable pollutants.
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142 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
6. A primary pollutant is
(1) CO (2) DDT (3) CO2 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
CO, DDT and CO2 are primary pollutants because they directly cause harmful effect on environment.
7. Which one of the following is colourless and highly toxic gas which reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood?
(1) SO2 (2) CO (3) NO (4) SO3
Sol. Answer (2)
Haemoglobin has more affinity for CO than for O2. Therefore, in presence of CO, oxygen carrying capacity of
blood decreases.
9. Which one of the following oxides produces brown air or reddish brown haze?
(1) Oxides of sulphur (2) Oxides of nitrogen (3) Oxides of carbon (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
NO2 gas is brown in colour and it is responsible for the brown air or reddish brown haze.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 143
14. One of the greenhouse gas is
(1) CO (2) O2 (3) H2 (4) CFC’s
Sol. Answer (4)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are greenhouse gases.
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144 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
27. Which one of the following gases is known as chemical weed in troposphere?
(1) C2H6 (2) SO2 (3) O3 (4) NO2
Sol. Answer (3)
ozone (O3) is known as chemical weed in troposhere. Ozone formed in troposphere harms plants and animals
whereas ozone present in stratosphere acts as a shield against UV radiation.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 145
29. Which causes water pollution?
(1) Jet planes (2) Herbicides (3) Smoke (4) Combustion of fossils
Sol. Answer (2)
Herbicides are used in fields to kill pests. These go into the water bodies with rain and cause water pollution
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146 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
46. Biodegradable wastes are mixed with water and cultured from bacterial species which produces a gas called
(1) Methane gas (2) Ethane gas (3) Propane gas (4) Butane gas
Sol. Answer (1)
Biodegradable waste mixed with water and cultured with bacteria produce methane gas. Bacteria decompose
organic matter and produce methane.
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148 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
50. Chauvin, Grubbs and Schrock won 2005 Nobel prize for the development of
(1) Dumas method (2) Kjeldahl’s method
(3) Metathesis method (4) Carius method
Sol. Answer (3)
Y Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs and richard R-schrock won 2005 Noble Prize in chemistry for the development
of metathesis method in organic chemistry. Metathesis method is a way to arrange groups of atom within a
molecule that can produce desired molecule of high commercial importance.
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. Which one of the following statements regarding photochemical smog is not correct?
(1) Photochemical smog is formed through photochemical reaction involving solar energy
(2) Photochemical smog does not cause irritation in eyes and throat
(3) Carbon monoxide does not play any role in photochemical smog formation
(4) Photochemical smog is an oxidising agent in character
Sol. Answer (2)
O3 and PAN are powerful eye irritants ozone and nitric oxide irritate the nose and throat.
2. About 20 km above the earth, there is an ozone layer. Which one of the following statement about ozone and
ozone layer is true?
(1) It is beneficial to us as it stops U.V. radiation (2) Conversion of O3 to O2 is an endothermic reaction
(3) Ozone has a triatomic linear molecule (4) It is harmful as it stops useful radiation
Sol. Answer (1)
It is beneficial to us as it stops UV radication in the stratosphere, O3 absorbs the harmful UV radiation and
protects the earth's environment from its harmful effect.
3. Which one of the following is responsible for depletion of the ozone layer in the upper strata of the atmosphere?
(1) Polyhalogens (2) Ferrocene (3) Fullerenes (4) Freons
Sol. Answer (4)
Freons produce chlorine free radical which combines with ozone and cause depletion of ozone layer.
UV
CF2Cl2 CF2Cl + Cl Cl + O3 ClO + O2
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 149
5. Which of the following is not caused due to SO2?
(1) Cough (2) Shortness of breath (3) Spasm of larynx (4) Blindness
Sol. Answer (4)
Exposure to SO2 does not cause blindness, it generally affects the respiratory system.
10. At which of the following concentration of sulphate it will have a laxative effect?
(1) Above 300 ppm (2) Above 500 ppm (3) Above 400 ppm (4) Above 600 ppm
Sol. Answer (2)
High concentration of sulphate ion lead to laxative effect. When the concentration of sulphte ion is above
500 ppm, it causes laxative effect.
11. Measurement of dissolved oxygen that would be needed by the microorganism to oxidise the compounds is
known as
(1) Acid rain (2) BOD (3) COD (4) Ozone layer depletion
Sol. Answer (2)
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) is used as a measurenment of dissolved oxygen that is needed by the micro-
organism to oxidize the organic matter. For clean water, the BOD should be less than 5 ppm.
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150 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
15. Which group correctly represent the photochemical smog produced during reaction of hydrocarbon in the combustion
chamber of an engine?
(1) Formaldehyde and PAN (2) Acrolein and PAN
(3) Formaldehyde and acrolein (4) Formaldehyde, acrolein and PAN
Sol. Answer (4)
Unburnt hydrocarbons are oxidized by NO2 and O3 present in the photochemical smog to form formaldehyde,
acrolein and peroxy acetyl nitrate (PAN)
3CH4 + 2O3 3HCHO + 3H2O
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which of the following is a sink for CO? [NEET-2017]
(1) Haemoglobin (2) Micro-organisms present in the soil
(3) Oceans (4) Plants
Sol. Answer (2)
Micro-organisms present in the soil is a sink for CO.
2. Which one of the following is not a common component of Photochemical Smog? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Ozone (2) Acrolein
(3) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (4) Chlorofluorocarbons
Sol. Answer (4)
Chlorofluorocarbons are mainly responsible for the depletion of ozone layer.
3. Which one of the following statements regarding photochemical smog is not correct? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) Photochemical smog is formed through photochemical reaction involving solar energy
(2) Photochemical smog does not cause irritation in eyes and throat
(3) Carbon monoxide does not play any role in photochemical smog formation
(4) Photochemical smog is an oxidising agent in character
Sol. Answer (2)
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152 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
8. BOD5 is
(1) Waste decomposed in 5 days (2) Oxygen used in 5 days
(3) Microorganisms killed in 5 days (4) Dissolved oxygen left after 5 days
Sol. Answer (2)
The BOD5 is biological oxygen demand of waste water during decomposition occuring over a 5 day period. It
is a measure of the organic content of waste water.
10. Which one of the following is responsible for depletion of the ozone layer in the upper strata of the atmosphere?
(1) Polyhalogens (2) Ferrocene (3) Fullerenes (4) Freons
Sol. Answer (4)
Freons are chloroflocrocarbons. These compounds contain chlorine and fluorine and they generate chlorine free
radical in presence of sunlight. These free radical react with ozone and cause its decomposition/degradation.
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 153
11. The smog is essentially caused by the presence of
(1) O2 and O3 (2) O2 and N2
(3) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen (4) O3 and N2
Sol. Answer (3)
Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are the main constituents of smog. Classical smog contains SO2 whereas
photochemical smog contains oxides of nitrogen.
(1) CO which is a major pollutant resulting from the combustion of fuels in automobiles plays a major role in
photochemical smog
(2) Classical smog has an oxidizing character while the photochemical smog is reducing in character
(3) Photochemical smog occurs in day time whereas the classical smog occurs in the morning hours
(4) During formation of smog the level of ozone in the atmosphere goes down
Classical smog occurs in cold humid climate and occurs in morning hourses when temperature is low.
Photochemical smog occurs in warm, dry and sunny climate and formed in day time when temperature is high.
13. In Antartica, ozone depletion is due to the formation of the following compound
In antarctica, chlorine nitrate gets hydrolysed to form hypochlorous acid and it also reacts with HCl to give
molecular chlorine
Sunlight breaks HOCl and Cl2 to give chlorine radicals which are responsible for ozone depletion.
h Cl2 (g) h
HOCl(g) HO (g) + Cl (g) 2Cl (g)
Nitrogen (N2) is not a greenhouse gas, whereas CO2, CH4, O3 and CCl2F2 are greenhouse gases.
15. High concentration of fluoride is poisonous and harmful to bones and teeth at levels over
High concentration of fluoride is poisonous over a 10 ppm and affects teeth and bones.
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154 Environmental Chemistry Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
16. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide have some properties in common. Which property is shown by one of
these compounds, but not by the other?
SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : Global warming is due to Greenhouse Effect.
R : Greenhouse gas is CH4.
Sol. Answer (2)
Assertion is true greenhouse effect causes global warming. The reason is also true, CH4 is a greenhouse gas
but it is not the explanation of assertion.
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