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Chapter 1 Overview .........................................................................................

1-1
1.1 Scope of Troubleshooting ...................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Knowledge and Skill ............................................................................... 1-2
1.2.1 Basic Knowledge about the Telecom Networks ............................. 1-2
1.2.2 MA5600 Service Functions and Networking .................................. 1-2
1.2.3 Operation and Maintenance Knowledge of the MA5600 ............... 1-2
1.2.4 Operating with the Troubleshooting Tools and Meters .................. 1-2
1.3 Procedure for Troubleshooting the MA5600 .......................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Flowchart ....................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.2 Collecting the Information .............................................................. 1-4
1.3.3 Analyzing the Fault ........................................................................ 1-5
1.3.4 Locating the Fault .......................................................................... 1-5
1.3.5 Eliminating the Fault ...................................................................... 1-6
1.4 Common Troubleshooting Methods ....................................................... 1-6
1.4.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 1-6
1.4.2 Alarm Analysis ............................................................................... 1-7
1.4.3 Performance Analysis .................................................................... 1-7
1.4.4 Exclusive Method ........................................................................... 1-7
1.4.5 Meter Test ...................................................................................... 1-7
1.4.6 Comparison.................................................................................... 1-8
1.4.7 Interchange .................................................................................... 1-8
1.4.8 Configuration Data Analysis ........................................................... 1-8
1.4.9 Protocol Analysis ........................................................................... 1-8
1.5 Contact of Huawei Technical Support .................................................... 1-9
Chapter 2 Common Troubleshooting Operations ........................................ 2-1
2.1 Loopback ................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 Fiber Loopback .............................................................................. 2-2
2.1.3 IMA E1 Link Loopback ................................................................... 2-3
2.1.4 Software Loopback ........................................................................ 2-4
2.2 Replacing the Boards ............................................................................. 2-6
2.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.2 Precautions .................................................................................... 2-7
2.2.3 ESD-protective Measures .............................................................. 2-9
2.2.4 Replacing a Control Board ............................................................. 2-12
2.2.5 Replacing a Service Board ............................................................ 2-15
2.2.6 Replacing a Subboard ................................................................... 2-18
2.2.7 Replacing an Optical Module ......................................................... 2-20
2.3 Measuring the Optical Power ................................................................. 2-21
2.3.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 2-21
2.3.2 Measuring the Receive Optical Power ........................................... 2-22
2.3.3 Measuring the Transmit Optical Power .......................................... 2-23
2.3.4 Reference Criteria .......................................................................... 2-24
Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Physical Connections ...................................... 3-1
3.1 Troubleshooting xDSL Lines .................................................................. 3-1
3.1.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 3-1
3.1.2 Fault Locating Process .................................................................. 3-2
3.1.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults ........................... 3-4
3.1.4 Case Study .................................................................................... 3-5
3.2 Troubleshooting Ethernet Ports .............................................................. 3-7
3.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 3-7
3.2.2 Fault Locating Process .................................................................. 3-9
3.2.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults ........................... 3-12
3.2.4 Case Study .................................................................................... 3-12
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ADSL Services .................................................. 4-1
4.1 Introduction to ADSL Technology ........................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Features of ADSL/ADSL2+ ............................................................ 4-1
4.1.2 Technical Specifications ................................................................ 4-1
4.1.3 Reference Model ............................................................................ 4-2
4.1.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ Services of the MA5600 ........................................ 4-3
4.2 Fault Locating Process ........................................................................... 4-4
4.2.1 Flowchart ....................................................................................... 4-4
4.2.2 Locating an ADSL Fault Primarily .................................................. 4-4
4.2.3 Checking the Modem ..................................................................... 4-5
4.2.4 Checking Line Conditions .............................................................. 4-6
4.2.5 Checking the MA5600 .................................................................... 4-7
4.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device ................................................. 4-7
4.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults ............................................. 4-7
4.3.1 Failure to Make a Phone Call and Accessing the Internet ............. 4-7
4.3.2 Success in Making a Phone Call, but Failure to Access the
Internet .................................................................................................... 4-8
4.3.3 Low Internet Access rate ............................................................... 4-9
4.3.4 Frequent Offline Problems in Accessing the Internet..................... 4-10
4.4 Case Study ............................................................................................. 4-10
4.4.1 Success in Accessing the Internet Without Buzz in the
Telephone ............................................................................................... 4-10
4.4.2 Failure to Access the Internet with Buzz in the Telephone ............ 4-11
4.4.3 ATU-R Easily Deactivated in Making a Phone Call ....................... 4-12
4.4.4 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Inconsistent Software &
Hardware Settings of Network Card ....................................................... 4-12
4.4.5 Failure to Activate the Modem Caused by Wrong Wiring of
Subscriber Lines ..................................................................................... 4-14
4.4.6 Frequent Internet Surfing Interruptions Caused by Wrong
Wiring of SPL board ................................................................................ 4-15
4.4.7 Failure to Activate ATU-R Caused by Wrong Wiring of SPL
Board ...................................................................................................... 4-15
4.4.8 Noise to Telephone Caused by High Frequency Interfering
Sources ................................................................................................... 4-16
4.4.9 Failure to Display Caller ID on the ADSL User¡fls Telephone ....... 4-16
4.4.10 Noise to the Telephone During a Phone Call Caused by
Wrong Wiring on MDF ............................................................................ 4-17
4.4.11 Faults Caused by Incorrect Settings of ADSL Port
Parameters ............................................................................................. 4-18
4.4.12 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Virus-affected PC ............. 4-21
4.4.13 Success in PPPoE Dialup but Failure in Internet Access ............ 4-22
4.4.14 Failure to Pass Authentication with Correct PPPoE Username
and Password ......................................................................................... 4-22
4.4.15 Failure in Internet Access Caused by DNS Faults ....................... 4-23
4.4.16 Relatively Long Delays for Some Packets in Pinging the
Gateway .................................................................................................. 4-24
4.4.17 Loss of Packets and Low Internet Access Rates Caused by
Wrong Connection of Network Cable for HUB ........................................ 4-24
4.4.18 Failure to Log in to the ADSL Modem Through Internet
Explorer (IE) ............................................................................................ 4-25
4.4.19 Frequent Service Interruptions Caused to the User with a
Stationary IP Address ............................................................................. 4-26
4.4.20 Negative Downstream Channel SNR Margin ............................... 4-27
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting SHDSL Services ................................................ 5-1
5.1 Introduction to SHDSL Technology ........................................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Features of SHDSL ........................................................................ 5-1
5.1.2 Technical Specifications ................................................................ 5-1
5.1.3 Reference Model ............................................................................ 5-2
5.1.4 SHDSL Services of the MA5600 .................................................... 5-2
5.2 Fault Locating Process ........................................................................... 5-3
5.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart ................................................................ 5-3
5.2.2 Locating a Fault Primarily .............................................................. 5-4
5.2.3 Checking the Modem ..................................................................... 5-4
5.2.4 Checking Line Conditions .............................................................. 5-5
5.2.5 Checking the MA5600 .................................................................... 5-6
5.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device ................................................. 5-6
5.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults ............................................. 5-6
5.3.1 Troubleshooting Based on States of the LEDs on the Modem ...... 5-6
5.3.2 Comparing with Historic Records and with the Neighboring
Line Parameters ...................................................................................... 5-6
5.3.3 Line Activation Failure Caused by Incorrect Parameter Settings... 5-6
5.3.4 Troubleshooting User Operations .................................................. 5-7
5.4 Case Study ............................................................................................. 5-8
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Ethernet Services ............................................. 6-1
6.1 Introduction to Ethernet Technology ...................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Features of LAN ............................................................................. 6-1
6.1.2 Technical Specifications ................................................................ 6-1
6.1.3 Reference Model ............................................................................ 6-3
6.1.4 Ethernet Services of the MA5600 .................................................. 6-4
6.2 Fault Locating Process ........................................................................... 6-6
6.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart ................................................................ 6-6
6.2.2 Checking Port State ....................................................................... 6-6
6.2.3 Checking Port Rate and Duplex Settings....................................... 6-6
6.2.4 Checking Tag Attributes of Ports ................................................... 6-7
6.2.5 Checking Board VLAN Settings ..................................................... 6-7
6.2.6 Checking Service Port Settings ..................................................... 6-8
6.2.7 Checking Port statistics.................................................................. 6-8
6.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults ............................................. 6-9
6.4 Case Study ............................................................................................. 6-9
6.4.1 Ethernet Service Failures Caused by Wrong Network Cable
Making .................................................................................................... 6-9
6.4.2 Failure to Ping the Gateway Caused by Wrong Terminal Route
Settings ................................................................................................... 6-10
6.4.3 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Failure in VLAN Isolation
for Upstream Port.................................................................................... 6-10
6.4.4 Internet Service Interruption Caused by Conflict of Gateway IP
Address ................................................................................................... 6-11
6.4.5 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Unnecessary Protocols ...... 6-12
6.4.6 Internet Service Interruption Caused by a User’s Cluster MAC
Address Settings ..................................................................................... 6-12
6.4.7 Internet Access Failure Caused by Wrong VLAN settings ............. 6-13
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Multicast Services ............................................ 7-1
7.1 Introduction to Multicast Technology ...................................................... 7-1
7.1.1 Features of Multicast ...................................................................... 7-1
7.1.2 Multicast Services of the MA5600 .................................................. 7-1
7.2 Fault Locating Process ........................................................................... 7-2
7.2.1 Failure to Access the Internet ........................................................ 7-3
7.2.2 Failure to Watch a Program Although Success in Accessing
the Internet .............................................................................................. 7-6
7.2.3 Failure to Watch a Program with Good Quality.............................. 7-10
7.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults ............................................. 7-12
7.4 Case Study ............................................................................................. 7-12
7.4.1 Poor Quality of Some Programs Ordered ...................................... 7-12
7.4.2 Triple Play User¡fls Failure to Order a Program ............................. 7-12
Chapter 8 Analyzing and Handling Alarms ................................................... 8-1
8.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 8-1
8.1.1 Composition of Alarm ID ................................................................ 8-1
8.1.2 Alarm severity ................................................................................ 8-2
8.1.3 Querying Alarm Information ........................................................... 8-3
8.2 Threshold Alarm ..................................................................................... 8-5
8.2.1 15-minute Threshold Alarm............................................................ 8-5
8.2.2 24-hour Threshold Alarm ............................................................... 8-5
8.3 Patch Alarm ............................................................................................ 8-6
8.3.1 Active/Standby Board Patch Inconsistency Alarm ......................... 8-6
8.3.2 System Patch Files Recovery Failure Alarm .................................. 8-6
8.4 Load and Backup Alarms ....................................................................... 8-6
8.4.1 Auto-load Alarm ............................................................................. 8-6
8.4.2 Auto-load Alarm ............................................................................. 8-7
8.4.3 Rollback Alarm ............................................................................... 8-8
8.4.4 Duplicate Alarm.............................................................................. 8-10
8.4.5 Backup Alarm................................................................................. 8-10
8.4.6 Erase Alarm ................................................................................... 8-11
8.5 Inverse (or Switch) Alarm ....................................................................... 8-12
8.5.1 Active/Standby Switchover Success Alarm ................................... 8-12
8.5.2 Active/Standby Switchover Failure Alarm ...................................... 8-13
8.5.3 Active/Standby Board Software Versions Inconsistency Alarm ..... 8-14
8.5.4 Active/Standby Board BIOS, CPLD Versions Inconsistency ......... 8-14
8.5.5 Alarm of System Resetting upon Abnormal Switchover ................ 8-14
8.5.6 Alarm of Communication between Active and Standby Boards ..... 8-15
8.5.7 Active/Standby Board MAC Inconsistency Alarm .......................... 8-15
8.6 CPU Alarm ............................................................................................. 8-16
8.6.1 CPU Occupation Rate Alarm ......................................................... 8-16
8.6.2 CLI Status Alarm ............................................................................ 8-16
8.6.3 SNMP Alarm .................................................................................. 8-17
8.6.4 Test Task Alarm ............................................................................. 8-17
8.7 Configuration Data Alarm ....................................................................... 8-18
8.7.1 Configuration Data Abnormality Alarm ........................................... 8-18
8.7.2 Main Control Board¡fls Configuration Data Initialization Failure
Alarm ....................................................................................................... 8-18
8.7.3 Active Data Check Failure Alarm ................................................... 8-18
8.8 Board Alarm ........................................................................................... 8-19
8.8.1 Board Fault Alarm .......................................................................... 8-19
8.8.2 TDM Resources Shortage Alarm ................................................... 8-19
8.8.3 Physical and Configured Frame Types Inconsistency Alarm......... 8-20
8.8.4 Main Control Board¡fls Subboard Change Alarm........................... 8-20
8.8.5 Invalid Subboards Combination Alarm ........................................... 8-21
8.8.6 Active/Standby Boards¡fl Subboards Inconsistency Alarm ............ 8-21
8.8.7 Board Replace ............................................................................... 8-21
8.8.8 Hardware Abnormality Alarm ......................................................... 8-22
8.9 Environment Monitoring Alarm ............................................................... 8-22
8.9.1 EMU-program Load Alarm ............................................................. 8-22
8.9.2 Fan Speed-regulating Mode or Opening Mode Changes .............. 8-23
8.9.3 Battery Charging Mode Changes................................................... 8-23
8.9.4 AC Input Changes .......................................................................... 8-23
8.9.5 ESC Power Event Information ....................................................... 8-24
8.9.6 Rectifier Mode Changes ................................................................ 8-24
8.9.7 AC Air Breaker State Changes ...................................................... 8-24
8.9.8 Lightning Protection Unit Breakdown or Damage .......................... 8-25
8.9.9 Battery Power-off Alarm ................................................................. 8-25
8.9.10 Battery Discharge Test Alarm ...................................................... 8-25
8.9.11 EMU Fault .................................................................................... 8-26
8.9.12 Analog Exceeding Threshold ....................................................... 8-26
8.9.13 Actual and Configured Digital Values Inconsistency .................... 8-28
8.9.14 Power Module Fault or Failure to Communicate with EMU ......... 8-28
8.9.15 AC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm .................................. 8-29
8.9.16 DC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm .................................. 8-30
8.9.17 Battery Power-off Alarm ............................................................... 8-31
8.9.18 Load Power-off ............................................................................. 8-32
8.9.19 Mains Supply Offline .................................................................... 8-32
8.9.20 Batteries Alarm ............................................................................ 8-33
8.9.21 Power-off Alarm ........................................................................... 8-34
8.9.22 Load Fuse Broken Alarm ............................................................. 8-35
8.9.23 AC Module Out of Service Alarm ................................................. 8-36
8.9.24 Battery Charging Over-current Alarm .......................................... 8-37
8.9.25 Battery Charging Under-voltage Alarm ........................................ 8-37
8.9.26 Load Power-off Alarm .................................................................. 8-38
8.9.27 Ac Input Offline Alarm .................................................................. 8-39
8.9.28 ESC Power Fault ......................................................................... 8-39
8.9.29 Rectifier Fault ............................................................................... 8-40
8.9.30 DC Module Out of Service Alarm ................................................. 8-40
8.9.31 Digital Values Abnormal Alarm .................................................... 8-41
8.9.32 Digital Parameter User-defined Alarm ......................................... 8-51
8.9.33 Analog Abnormal Alarm ............................................................... 8-65
8.9.34 Analog User-defined Alarm .......................................................... 8-67
8.10 ADSL/ADSL2+ Alarm ........................................................................... 8-75
8.10.1 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Activation Alarm .......................................... 8-75
8.10.2 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Performance Statistics Reaching
Threshold Alarm ...................................................................................... 8-76
8.10.3 ADSL/ADSL2+ Chipset Alarm ..................................................... 8-76
8.10.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ ATU-R Power-off Alarm ...................................... 8-77
8.10.5 ADSL/ADSL2+ Line Signal Loss Alarm ....................................... 8-77
8.10.6 ADSL/ADSL2+ Link Loss Alarm .................................................. 8-77
8.11 SHDSL Alarm ....................................................................................... 8-78
8.11.1 SHDSL Port Activation ................................................................. 8-78
8.11.2 SHDSL Port Fault ........................................................................ 8-78
8.11.3 G.SHDSL CO SNR Overflow ....................................................... 8-79
8.11.4 G.SHDSL CO Loop Attenuation Overflow ................................... 8-79
8.11.5 G.SHDSL CO Errored Seconds Overflow.................................... 8-80
8.11.6 G.SHDSL CO Severely Errored Seconds Overflow..................... 8-80
8.11.7 G.SHDSL CO CRC Errors Overflow ............................................ 8-80
8.11.8 G.SHDSL CO Loss of Synchronization Word Overflow ............... 8-81
8.11.9 G.SHDSL CO Unavailable Seconds Overflow ............................. 8-81
8.11.10 SHDSL STU-R Alarm ................................................................. 8-81
8.12 Service and Function Alarm ................................................................. 8-82
8.12.1 MAC Addresses Conflict Alarm .................................................... 8-82
8.12.2 ISU Uplink-port Failure Alarm ...................................................... 8-82
8.12.3 Device Communication Alarm...................................................... 8-83
8.12.4 VLAN L3 Interface Alarm ............................................................. 8-83
8.12.5 Bandwidth CAC Alarm ................................................................. 8-84
8.13 L2 Protocol Function Alarm .................................................................. 8-84
8.13.1 RSTP Protocol Alarm ................................................................... 8-84
8.13.2 XPoA Access Function Alarm ...................................................... 8-85
8.14 Clock Alarm .......................................................................................... 8-86
8.14.1 SDH/TDM System Clock Source Switch ...................................... 8-86
8.14.2 Clock SDH/TDM Source Locking Failure ..................................... 8-86
8.14.3 Clock SDH/TDM Resource Locking Recovered .......................... 8-87
8.14.4 Clock Source Loss ....................................................................... 8-87
8.14.5 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality ............................. 8-88
8.14.6 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality ............................. 8-89
8.14.7 Active/Standby Boards¡fl Clock Subboard Inconsistency ............ 8-89
Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment Maintenance .................................. 9-1
9.1 Introduction to Equipment Maintenance ................................................. 9-1
9.1.1 Requirements on Equipment Maintenance .................................... 9-1
9.1.2 Equipment Maintenance Methods ................................................. 9-2
9.1.3 Equipment Maintenance Forms ..................................................... 9-3
9.2 Guide to Daily Equipment Maintenance ................................................. 9-4
9.2.1 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Main Control System .............. 9-4
9.2.2 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Alarm System ......................... 9-5
9.2.3 Guide to Daily Maintenance of xDSL Services .............................. 9-5
9.2.4 Guide to Daily Maintenance of Ethernet Services ......................... 9-6
9.2.5 Guide to Daily Maintenance of VLAN Services.............................. 9-7
9.2.6 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Running Environment ............. 9-8
9.3 Guide to Monthly Equipment Maintenance ............................................ 9-8
9.3.1 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Main Control System .......... 9-8
9.3.2 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Running Environment......... 9-9
9.3.3 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Electromechanical
System .................................................................................................... 9-9
9.4 Guide to Quarterly Equipment Maintenance .......................................... 9-10
9.4.1 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Main Control System ........ 9-10
9.4.2 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Electromechanical
System .................................................................................................... 9-11
9.4.3 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Grounding System ........... 9-12
9.5 Guide to Yearly Equipment Maintenance ............................................... 9-13
9.5.1 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Main Control System ............ 9-13
9.5.2 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Grounding System ................ 9-13
Appendix A List of Fault Information to Be Collected ................................. A-1
A.1 Basic Information ................................................................................... A-1
A.1.1 Information Necessary to Be Collected ......................................... A-1
A.1.2 Information Collected According to Fault Causes ......................... A-1
A.2 ADSL Related Information ..................................................................... A-2
A.3 SHDSL Related Information ................................................................... A-2
A.4 Multicast Related Information ................................................................ A-3
A.5 VLAN Related Information ..................................................................... A-3
A.6 QinQ Related Information ...................................................................... A-3
A.7 Stacking VLAN Related Information ...................................................... A-4
A.8 RSTP Related Information ..................................................................... A-4
A.9 ARP Related Information ....................................................................... A-4
A.10 QoS/ACL Related Information ............................................................. A-5
A.11 Environment Monitoring Related Information....................................... A-5
A.12 PPPoA Related Information ................................................................. A-5
A.13 IPoA Related Information ..................................................................... A-5
A.14 PITP V Mode Related Information ....................................................... A-6
A.15 PITP P Mode Related Information ....................................................... A-6
A.16 DHCP Relay Related Information ........................................................ A-6
Appendix B Frequently Used Forms for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting .............................................................................................. B-1
B.1 Frequently Used Forms for Routine Maintenance ................................. B-1
B.1.1 Log ................................................................................................. B-1
B.1.2 Monthly Maintenance Record Form .............................................. B-5
B.1.3 Quarterly Maintenance Record Form ............................................ B-6
B.1.4 Yearly Maintenance Record Form ................................................. B-8
B.1.5 Board Change Record ................................................................... B-8
B.1.6 Office Data Modification Record .................................................... B-9
B.2 Frequently Used Forms for Troubleshooting ......................................... B-10
B.2.1 Routine Unexpected Fault Handling Record ................................. B-10
B.2.2 Emergency Equipment Maintenance Notification .......................... B-11
Appendix C Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................... C-1

Index .................................................................................................................
HUAWEI

SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Access


Module
Troubleshooting Manual

V300R001

Huawei Technologies Proprietary


SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Access Module
Troubleshooting Manual

Manual Version T2-050391-20060525-C-3.12

Product Version V300R001

BOM 31033991

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support
and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Email: support@huawei.com

Huawei Technologies Proprietary


Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any


means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,


TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800,
TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA,
iTELLIN, HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE,
OpenEye, Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, and TopEng are trademarks of Huawei
Technologies Co., Ltd.

All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this manual are the property of
their respective holders.

Notice

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents,
but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not
constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Proprietary


About This Manual

Release Notes

This manual applies to the SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Access Module


V300R001 (MA5600/MA5603).

Related Manuals

The following user documents are shipped together with the MA5600.

Manual Content
SmartAX MA5600 Multi-service It introduces electromagnetic compatibility
Access Module Compliance (EMC) and other safety standards and
and Safety Manual information about the MA5600. It also provides
general safety guidelines for handling, installing
and operating the MA5600.

Ensure that you read through this document


before you install or operate on the MA5600.
It provides an overall introduction to the
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
MA5600/MA5603, including the software
Multi-service Access Module
structure, hardware structure, applications and
Technical Manual
technical specifications.

SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
It guides you to configure the system parameters
Multi-service Access Module
and typical applications of the MA5600/MA5603.
Operation Manual

SmartAX MA5600 Multi-service It guides you to install the MA5600, including the
Access Module Installation installation of the cables, power system and
Manual various boards.
It provides all commands available in the
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 MA5600/MA5603, as well as the usage of the
Multi-service Access Module command and examples. The Command Manual
Command Help is provided only in the documentation CD-ROM
that is shipped with the MA5600/MA5603.

SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
It guides you to analyze and handle some faults
Multi-service Access Module
that frequently occur on the MA5600/MA5603.
Troubleshooting Manual
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
It introduces the frames, boards, and cables of
Multi-service Access Module
the MA5600/MA5603.
Hardware Description Manual

Documentation CD-ROM It contains the package of documentation.

Huawei Technologies Proprietary


The following user documents are shipped together with the MA5603.

Manual Content
SmartAX MA5603 Multi-service It introduces electromagnetic compatibility
Access Module Compliance (EMC) and other safety standards and
and Safety Manual information about the MA5603. It also provides
general safety guidelines for handling, installing
and operating the MA5603.

Ensure that you read through this document


before you install or operate on the MA5603.
It provides an overall introduction to the
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
MA5600/MA5603, including the software
Multi-service Access Module
structure, hardware structure, applications and
Technical Manual
technical specifications.

SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 It guides you to configure the system parameters


Multi-service Access Module and typical applications of the MA5600 and
Operation Manual MA5603.

SmartAX MA5603 Multi-service It guides you to install the MA5603, including the
Access Module Installation installation of the cables, power system and
Manual various boards.
It provides all commands available in the
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 MA5600/MA5603, as well as the usage of the
Multi-service Access Module command and examples. The Command Manual
Command Help is provided only in the documentation CD-ROM
that is shipped with the MA5600/MA5603 device.

SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
It guides you to analyze and handle some
Multi-service Access Module
frequent faults.
Troubleshooting Manual
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603
It introduces MA5600/MA5603 frame, boards,
Multi-service Access Module
and cables.
Hardware Description Manual

Documentation CD-ROM It contains the package of documentation.

Differences Between the MA5600 and the MA5603

The SmartAX MA5600 Multi-service Access Module (MA5600) and the SmartAX
MA5600 Multi-service Access Module (MA5603) are digital subscriber line access
multiplexer (DSLAMs) developed by HUAWEI to provide ADSL2+, SHDSL, and LAN
broadband access services.
z The MA5600 is put into a cabinet. A service frame of the MA5600 provides 16
slots. Slots 7 and 8 are for the main control boards, and slots 0–6 and 9–15 are
for the service boards. Slots 14 and 15 are also for the ISU boards.
z The MA5603 is put into a chassis, providing seven slots. Slot 7 is for the main
control board, and slots 1–6 are for the service boards.

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z For the MA5600, the prompt character in the CLI is MA5600>. For the MA5603,
the prompt character in the CLI is MA5603>.
Note that slots of the MA5603 are numbered 1–7. If you type in a wrong slot number,
the system will prompt an error.

Organization

This manual introduces the general troubleshooting process, and then details how to
locate and handle some faults that frequently occur on the MA5600/MA5603.

The manual consists of the following parts:

Chapter 1 Overview Introduces the scope of troubleshooting, the knowledge and


skills the engineers required for the engineers involved in troubleshooting, the
troubleshooting process and methods, and how to contact Huawei technical support.

Chapter 2 Common Troubleshooting Operations introduces some operations that


are commonly used in troubleshooting the MA5600. Operations in this chapter may
often be referenced in other chapters of this document.

Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Physical Connections introduces how to troubleshot


physical connections and interfaces.

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ADSL Services introduces how to troubleshoot ADSL


access services and gives ADSL service fault cases and related analysis.

Chapter 5 Troubleshooting SHDSL Services introduces how to troubleshoot


SHDSL access services and gives SHDSL service fault cases and related analysis.

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Ethernet Services introduces how to troubleshoot


Ethernet access services and gives Ethernet service fault cases and related analysis.

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Multicast Services introduces how to troubleshoot


multicast access services and gives multicast service fault cases and related
analysis.

Chapter 8 Analyzing and Handling Alarms introduces the alarms of the MA5600
and how to handle these alarms.

Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment Maintenance introduces routine


maintenance methods for the MA5600, including, daily, monthly, quarterly, and yearly
maintenance.

Appendix introduces the list of fault information to be collected, the frequently used
forms for routine maintenance and troubleshooting, as well as acronyms and
abbreviations concerned with this manual.

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Intended Audience

The manual is intended for the following readers:


z System engineers of the MA5600/MA5603
z Maintenance Engineers of the MA5600/MA5603
z Technical support engineers of the MA5600/MA5603

Conventions

The manual uses the following conventions:

I. General conventions

Convention Description
Arial Normal paragraphs are in Arial.

Boldface Headings are in Boldface.


Courier New Terminal Display is in Courier New.

II. Command conventions

Convention Description
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in Boldface.

italic Command arguments are in italic.


Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are
[]
optional.

Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by


{ x | y | ... }
vertical bars. One is selected.

Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets


[ x | y | ... ]
and separated by vertical bars. One or none is selected.

Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by


{ x | y | ... } * vertical bars. A minimum of one or a maximum of all can be
selected.

Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets


[ x | y | ... ] * and separated by vertical bars. Many or none can be
selected.
# A line starting with the # sign is comments.

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III. GUI conventions

Convention Description

Button names and menu items are in Boldface. For


Boldface
example, click OK.
Multi-level menus are in bold and separated by forward
> slashes. For example, select the File > Create > Folder
menu.

IV. Symbols

Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of
special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:

Caution: Means reader be extremely careful during the operation.

Note: Means a complementary description.

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SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 1-1


1.1 Scope of Troubleshooting.................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Knowledge and Skill .......................................................................................................... 1-2
1.2.1 Basic Knowledge about the Telecom Networks...................................................... 1-2
1.2.2 MA5600 Service Functions and Networking ........................................................... 1-2
1.2.3 Operation and Maintenance Knowledge of the MA5600 ........................................ 1-2
1.2.4 Operating with the Troubleshooting Tools and Meters ........................................... 1-2
1.3 Procedure for Troubleshooting the MA5600...................................................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Flowchart................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.3.2 Collecting the Information ....................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.3 Analyzing the Fault.................................................................................................. 1-5
1.3.4 Locating the Fault.................................................................................................... 1-5
1.3.5 Eliminating the Fault................................................................................................ 1-6
1.4 Common Troubleshooting Methods................................................................................... 1-6
1.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 1-6
1.4.2 Alarm Analysis......................................................................................................... 1-7
1.4.3 Performance Analysis ............................................................................................. 1-7
1.4.4 Exclusive Method .................................................................................................... 1-7
1.4.5 Meter Test ............................................................................................................... 1-7
1.4.6 Comparison ............................................................................................................. 1-8
1.4.7 Interchange ............................................................................................................. 1-8
1.4.8 Configuration Data Analysis.................................................................................... 1-8
1.4.9 Protocol Analysis..................................................................................................... 1-8
1.5 Contact of Huawei Technical Support ............................................................................... 1-9

Chapter 2 Common Troubleshooting Operations...................................................................... 2-1


2.1 Loopback ........................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.2 Fiber Loopback........................................................................................................ 2-2
2.1.3 IMA E1 Link Loopback ............................................................................................ 2-3
2.1.4 Software Loopback ................................................................................................. 2-4
2.2 Replacing the Boards ........................................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.2 Precautions ............................................................................................................. 2-7
2.2.3 ESD-protective Measures ....................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.4 Replacing a Control Board .................................................................................... 2-12
2.2.5 Replacing a Service Board.................................................................................... 2-15
2.2.6 Replacing a Subboard........................................................................................... 2-18

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2.2.7 Replacing an Optical Module ................................................................................ 2-20


2.3 Measuring the Optical Power........................................................................................... 2-21
2.3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 2-21
2.3.2 Measuring the Receive Optical Power.................................................................. 2-22
2.3.3 Measuring the Transmit Optical Power................................................................. 2-23
2.3.4 Reference Criteria ................................................................................................. 2-24

Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Physical Connections.................................................................... 3-1


3.1 Troubleshooting xDSL Lines.............................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.2 Fault Locating Process............................................................................................ 3-2
3.1.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults .................................................... 3-4
3.1.4 Case Study.............................................................................................................. 3-5
3.2 Troubleshooting Ethernet Ports ......................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 3-7
3.2.2 Fault Locating Process............................................................................................ 3-9
3.2.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults .................................................. 3-12
3.2.4 Case Study............................................................................................................ 3-12

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ADSL Services................................................................................ 4-1


4.1 Introduction to ADSL Technology ...................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Features of ADSL/ADSL2+ ..................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 Technical Specifications.......................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 Reference Model ..................................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ Services of the MA5600 ................................................................. 4-3
4.2 Fault Locating Process ...................................................................................................... 4-4
4.2.1 Flowchart................................................................................................................. 4-4
4.2.2 Locating an ADSL Fault Primarily ........................................................................... 4-4
4.2.3 Checking the Modem .............................................................................................. 4-5
4.2.4 Checking Line Conditions ....................................................................................... 4-6
4.2.5 Checking the MA5600............................................................................................. 4-7
4.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device .......................................................................... 4-7
4.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults......................................................................... 4-7
4.3.1 Failure to Make a Phone Call and Accessing the Internet...................................... 4-7
4.3.2 Success in Making a Phone Call, but Failure to Access the Internet ..................... 4-8
4.3.3 Low Internet Access rate......................................................................................... 4-9
4.3.4 Frequent Offline Problems in Accessing the Internet............................................ 4-10
4.4 Case Study ...................................................................................................................... 4-10
4.4.1 Success in Accessing the Internet Without Buzz in the Telephone...................... 4-10
4.4.2 Failure to Access the Internet with Buzz in the Telephone................................... 4-11
4.4.3 ATU-R Easily Deactivated in Making a Phone Call .............................................. 4-12
4.4.4 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Inconsistent Software & Hardware Settings of
Network Card ................................................................................................................. 4-12
4.4.5 Failure to Activate the Modem Caused by Wrong Wiring of Subscriber Lines ..... 4-14

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4.4.6 Frequent Internet Surfing Interruptions Caused by Wrong Wiring of SPL board.. 4-15
4.4.7 Failure to Activate ATU-R Caused by Wrong Wiring of SPL Board...................... 4-15
4.4.8 Noise to Telephone Caused by High Frequency Interfering Sources................... 4-16
4.4.9 Failure to Display Caller ID on the ADSL User’s Telephone ................................ 4-16
4.4.10 Noise to the Telephone During a Phone Call Caused by Wrong Wiring on MDF4-17
4.4.11 Faults Caused by Incorrect Settings of ADSL Port Parameters ......................... 4-18
4.4.12 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Virus-affected PC ................................... 4-21
4.4.13 Success in PPPoE Dialup but Failure in Internet Access ................................... 4-22
4.4.14 Failure to Pass Authentication with Correct PPPoE Username and Password.. 4-22
4.4.15 Failure in Internet Access Caused by DNS Faults.............................................. 4-23
4.4.16 Relatively Long Delays for Some Packets in Pinging the Gateway.................... 4-24
4.4.17 Loss of Packets and Low Internet Access Rates Caused by Wrong Connection of
Network Cable for HUB .................................................................................................. 4-24
4.4.18 Failure to Log in to the ADSL Modem Through Internet Explorer (IE)................ 4-25
4.4.19 Frequent Service Interruptions Caused to the User with a Stationary IP Address4-26
4.4.20 Negative Downstream Channel SNR Margin...................................................... 4-27

Chapter 5 Troubleshooting SHDSL Services ............................................................................. 5-1


5.1 Introduction to SHDSL Technology ................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Features of SHDSL ................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 Technical Specifications.......................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.3 Reference Model ..................................................................................................... 5-2
5.1.4 SHDSL Services of the MA5600 ............................................................................. 5-2
5.2 Fault Locating Process ...................................................................................................... 5-3
5.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart ......................................................................................... 5-3
5.2.2 Locating a Fault Primarily........................................................................................ 5-4
5.2.3 Checking the Modem .............................................................................................. 5-4
5.2.4 Checking Line Conditions ....................................................................................... 5-5
5.2.5 Checking the MA5600............................................................................................. 5-6
5.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device .......................................................................... 5-6
5.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults......................................................................... 5-6
5.3.1 Troubleshooting Based on States of the LEDs on the Modem............................... 5-6
5.3.2 Comparing with Historic Records and with the Neighboring Line Parameters ....... 5-6
5.3.3 Line Activation Failure Caused by Incorrect Parameter Settings ........................... 5-6
5.3.4 Troubleshooting User Operations ........................................................................... 5-7
5.4 Case Study ........................................................................................................................ 5-8

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Ethernet Services........................................................................... 6-1


6.1 Introduction to Ethernet Technology.................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.1 Features of LAN ...................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Technical Specifications.......................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.3 Reference Model ..................................................................................................... 6-3
6.1.4 Ethernet Services of the MA5600 ........................................................................... 6-4
6.2 Fault Locating Process ...................................................................................................... 6-6

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6.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart ......................................................................................... 6-6


6.2.2 Checking Port State ................................................................................................ 6-6
6.2.3 Checking Port Rate and Duplex Settings................................................................ 6-6
6.2.4 Checking Tag Attributes of Ports ............................................................................ 6-7
6.2.5 Checking Board VLAN Settings .............................................................................. 6-7
6.2.6 Checking Service Port Settings............................................................................... 6-8
6.2.7 Checking Port statistics........................................................................................... 6-8
6.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults......................................................................... 6-9
6.4 Case Study ........................................................................................................................ 6-9
6.4.1 Ethernet Service Failures Caused by Wrong Network Cable Making .................... 6-9
6.4.2 Failure to Ping the Gateway Caused by Wrong Terminal Route Settings ............ 6-10
6.4.3 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Failure in VLAN Isolation for Upstream Port6-10
6.4.4 Internet Service Interruption Caused by Conflict of Gateway IP Address ............ 6-11
6.4.5 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Unnecessary Protocols............................. 6-12
6.4.6 Internet Service Interruption Caused by a User's Cluster MAC Address Settings 6-12
6.4.7 Internet Access Failure Caused by Wrong VLAN settings ................................... 6-13

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Multicast Services.......................................................................... 7-1


7.1 Introduction to Multicast Technology ................................................................................. 7-1
7.1.1 Features of Multicast............................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.2 Multicast Services of the MA5600........................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Fault Locating Process ...................................................................................................... 7-2
7.2.1 Failure to Access the Internet ................................................................................. 7-3
7.2.2 Failure to Watch a Program Although Success in Accessing the Internet.............. 7-6
7.2.3 Failure to Watch a Program with Good Quality..................................................... 7-10
7.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults....................................................................... 7-12
7.4 Case Study ...................................................................................................................... 7-12
7.4.1 Poor Quality of Some Programs Ordered ............................................................. 7-12
7.4.2 Triple Play User’s Failure to Order a Program...................................................... 7-12

Chapter 8 Analyzing and Handling Alarms................................................................................. 8-1


8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 8-1
8.1.1 Composition of Alarm ID ......................................................................................... 8-1
8.1.2 Alarm severity.......................................................................................................... 8-2
8.1.3 Querying Alarm Information .................................................................................... 8-3
8.2 Threshold Alarm................................................................................................................. 8-5
8.2.1 15-minute Threshold Alarm..................................................................................... 8-5
8.2.2 24-hour Threshold Alarm ........................................................................................ 8-5
8.3 Patch Alarm ....................................................................................................................... 8-6
8.3.1 Active/Standby Board Patch Inconsistency Alarm .................................................. 8-6
8.3.2 System Patch Files Recovery Failure Alarm........................................................... 8-6
8.4 Load and Backup Alarms................................................................................................... 8-6
8.4.1 Auto-load Alarm....................................................................................................... 8-6
8.4.2 Auto-load Alarm....................................................................................................... 8-7

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8.4.3 Rollback Alarm ........................................................................................................ 8-8


8.4.4 Duplicate Alarm ..................................................................................................... 8-10
8.4.5 Backup Alarm ........................................................................................................ 8-10
8.4.6 Erase Alarm........................................................................................................... 8-11
8.5 Inverse (or Switch) Alarm ................................................................................................ 8-12
8.5.1 Active/Standby Switchover Success Alarm .......................................................... 8-12
8.5.2 Active/Standby Switchover Failure Alarm ............................................................. 8-13
8.5.3 Active/Standby Board Software Versions Inconsistency Alarm............................ 8-14
8.5.4 Active/Standby Board BIOS, CPLD Versions Inconsistency ................................ 8-14
8.5.5 Alarm of System Resetting upon Abnormal Switchover ....................................... 8-14
8.5.6 Alarm of Communication between Active and Standby Boards ........................... 8-15
8.5.7 Active/Standby Board MAC Inconsistency Alarm ................................................. 8-15
8.6 CPU Alarm ....................................................................................................................... 8-16
8.6.1 CPU Occupation Rate Alarm ................................................................................ 8-16
8.6.2 CLI Status Alarm ................................................................................................... 8-16
8.6.3 SNMP Alarm.......................................................................................................... 8-17
8.6.4 Test Task Alarm .................................................................................................... 8-17
8.7 Configuration Data Alarm ................................................................................................ 8-18
8.7.1 Configuration Data Abnormality Alarm.................................................................. 8-18
8.7.2 Main Control Board’s Configuration Data Initialization Failure Alarm ................... 8-18
8.7.3 Active Data Check Failure Alarm .......................................................................... 8-18
8.8 Board Alarm ..................................................................................................................... 8-19
8.8.1 Board Fault Alarm ................................................................................................. 8-19
8.8.2 TDM Resources Shortage Alarm .......................................................................... 8-19
8.8.3 Physical and Configured Frame Types Inconsistency Alarm ............................... 8-20
8.8.4 Main Control Board’s Subboard Change Alarm.................................................... 8-20
8.8.5 Invalid Subboards Combination Alarm.................................................................. 8-21
8.8.6 Active/Standby Boards’ Subboards Inconsistency Alarm ..................................... 8-21
8.8.7 Board Replace....................................................................................................... 8-21
8.8.8 Hardware Abnormality Alarm ................................................................................ 8-22
8.9 Environment Monitoring Alarm ........................................................................................ 8-22
8.9.1 EMU-program Load Alarm .................................................................................... 8-22
8.9.2 Fan Speed-regulating Mode or Opening Mode Changes ..................................... 8-23
8.9.3 Battery Charging Mode Changes.......................................................................... 8-23
8.9.4 AC Input Changes................................................................................................. 8-23
8.9.5 ESC Power Event Information .............................................................................. 8-24
8.9.6 Rectifier Mode Changes........................................................................................ 8-24
8.9.7 AC Air Breaker State Changes ............................................................................. 8-24
8.9.8 Lightning Protection Unit Breakdown or Damage ................................................. 8-25
8.9.9 Battery Power-off Alarm ........................................................................................ 8-25
8.9.10 Battery Discharge Test Alarm ............................................................................. 8-25
8.9.11 EMU Fault ........................................................................................................... 8-26

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8.9.12 Analog Exceeding Threshold .............................................................................. 8-26


8.9.13 Actual and Configured Digital Values Inconsistency........................................... 8-28
8.9.14 Power Module Fault or Failure to Communicate with EMU ................................ 8-28
8.9.15 AC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm......................................................... 8-29
8.9.16 DC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm......................................................... 8-30
8.9.17 Battery Power-off Alarm ...................................................................................... 8-31
8.9.18 Load Power-off .................................................................................................... 8-32
8.9.19 Mains Supply Offline ........................................................................................... 8-32
8.9.20 Batteries Alarm.................................................................................................... 8-33
8.9.21 Power-off Alarm................................................................................................... 8-34
8.9.22 Load Fuse Broken Alarm .................................................................................... 8-35
8.9.23 AC Module Out of Service Alarm ........................................................................ 8-36
8.9.24 Battery Charging Over-current Alarm ................................................................. 8-37
8.9.25 Battery Charging Under-voltage Alarm ............................................................... 8-37
8.9.26 Load Power-off Alarm ......................................................................................... 8-38
8.9.27 Ac Input Offline Alarm ......................................................................................... 8-39
8.9.28 ESC Power Fault................................................................................................. 8-39
8.9.29 Rectifier Fault ...................................................................................................... 8-40
8.9.30 DC Module Out of Service Alarm ........................................................................ 8-40
8.9.31 Digital Values Abnormal Alarm ........................................................................... 8-41
8.9.32 Digital Parameter User-defined Alarm ................................................................ 8-51
8.9.33 Analog Abnormal Alarm ...................................................................................... 8-65
8.9.34 Analog User-defined Alarm ................................................................................. 8-67
8.10 ADSL/ADSL2+ Alarm..................................................................................................... 8-75
8.10.1 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Activation Alarm.................................................................. 8-75
8.10.2 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Performance Statistics Reaching Threshold Alarm............ 8-76
8.10.3 ADSL/ADSL2+ Chipset Alarm............................................................................. 8-76
8.10.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ ATU-R Power-off Alarm ............................................................. 8-77
8.10.5 ADSL/ADSL2+ Line Signal Loss Alarm .............................................................. 8-77
8.10.6 ADSL/ADSL2+ Link Loss Alarm.......................................................................... 8-77
8.11 SHDSL Alarm................................................................................................................. 8-78
8.11.1 SHDSL Port Activation ........................................................................................ 8-78
8.11.2 SHDSL Port Fault................................................................................................ 8-78
8.11.3 G.SHDSL CO SNR Overflow .............................................................................. 8-79
8.11.4 G.SHDSL CO Loop Attenuation Overflow .......................................................... 8-79
8.11.5 G.SHDSL CO Errored Seconds Overflow........................................................... 8-80
8.11.6 G.SHDSL CO Severely Errored Seconds Overflow............................................ 8-80
8.11.7 G.SHDSL CO CRC Errors Overflow ................................................................... 8-80
8.11.8 G.SHDSL CO Loss of Synchronization Word Overflow...................................... 8-81
8.11.9 G.SHDSL CO Unavailable Seconds Overflow.................................................... 8-81
8.11.10 SHDSL STU-R Alarm........................................................................................ 8-81
8.12 Service and Function Alarm........................................................................................... 8-82

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8.12.1 MAC Addresses Conflict Alarm........................................................................... 8-82


8.12.2 ISU Uplink-port Failure Alarm ............................................................................. 8-82
8.12.3 Device Communication Alarm............................................................................. 8-83
8.12.4 VLAN L3 Interface Alarm .................................................................................... 8-83
8.12.5 Bandwidth CAC Alarm ........................................................................................ 8-84
8.13 L2 Protocol Function Alarm ........................................................................................... 8-84
8.13.1 RSTP Protocol Alarm .......................................................................................... 8-84
8.13.2 XPoA Access Function Alarm ............................................................................. 8-85
8.14 Clock Alarm.................................................................................................................... 8-86
8.14.1 SDH/TDM System Clock Source Switch............................................................. 8-86
8.14.2 Clock SDH/TDM Source Locking Failure............................................................ 8-86
8.14.3 Clock SDH/TDM Resource Locking Recovered ................................................. 8-87
8.14.4 Clock Source Loss .............................................................................................. 8-87
8.14.5 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality .................................................... 8-88
8.14.6 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality .................................................... 8-89
8.14.7 Active/Standby Boards’ Clock Subboard Inconsistency ..................................... 8-89

Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment Maintenance ............................................................... 9-1


9.1 Introduction to Equipment Maintenance ............................................................................ 9-1
9.1.1 Requirements on Equipment Maintenance............................................................. 9-1
9.1.2 Equipment Maintenance Methods........................................................................... 9-2
9.1.3 Equipment Maintenance Forms .............................................................................. 9-3
9.2 Guide to Daily Equipment Maintenance ............................................................................ 9-4
9.2.1 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Main Control System ....................................... 9-4
9.2.2 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Alarm System .................................................. 9-5
9.2.3 Guide to Daily Maintenance of xDSL Services ....................................................... 9-5
9.2.4 Guide to Daily Maintenance of Ethernet Services .................................................. 9-6
9.2.5 Guide to Daily Maintenance of VLAN Services....................................................... 9-7
9.2.6 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Running Environment ...................................... 9-8
9.3 Guide to Monthly Equipment Maintenance........................................................................ 9-8
9.3.1 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Main Control System................................... 9-8
9.3.2 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Running Environment ................................. 9-9
9.3.3 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Electromechanical System.......................... 9-9
9.4 Guide to Quarterly Equipment Maintenance ................................................................... 9-10
9.4.1 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Main Control System .............................. 9-10
9.4.2 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Electromechanical System ..................... 9-11
9.4.3 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Grounding System .................................. 9-12
9.5 Guide to Yearly Equipment Maintenance ........................................................................ 9-13
9.5.1 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Main Control System ................................... 9-13
9.5.2 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Grounding System....................................... 9-13

Appendix A List of Fault Information to Be Collected...............................................................A-1


A.1 Basic Information...............................................................................................................A-1
A.1.1 Information Necessary to Be Collected ..................................................................A-1

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A.1.2 Information Collected According to Fault Causes ..................................................A-1


A.2 ADSL Related Information.................................................................................................A-2
A.3 SHDSL Related Information ..............................................................................................A-2
A.4 Multicast Related Information............................................................................................A-3
A.5 VLAN Related Information.................................................................................................A-3
A.6 QinQ Related Information..................................................................................................A-3
A.7 Stacking VLAN Related Information..................................................................................A-4
A.8 RSTP Related Information ................................................................................................A-4
A.9 ARP Related Information...................................................................................................A-4
A.10 QoS/ACL Related Information.........................................................................................A-5
A.11 Environment Monitoring Related Information..................................................................A-5
A.12 PPPoA Related Information ............................................................................................A-5
A.13 IPoA Related Information ................................................................................................A-5
A.14 PITP V Mode Related Information...................................................................................A-6
A.15 PITP P Mode Related Information...................................................................................A-6
A.16 DHCP Relay Related Information....................................................................................A-6

Appendix B Frequently Used Forms for Routine Maintenance and Troubleshooting...........B-1


B.1 Frequently Used Forms for Routine Maintenance ............................................................B-1
B.1.1 Log ..........................................................................................................................B-1
B.1.2 Monthly Maintenance Record Form........................................................................B-5
B.1.3 Quarterly Maintenance Record Form .....................................................................B-6
B.1.4 Yearly Maintenance Record Form ..........................................................................B-8
B.1.5 Board Change Record ............................................................................................B-8
B.1.6 Office Data Modification Record .............................................................................B-9
B.2 Frequently Used Forms for Troubleshooting...................................................................B-10
B.2.1 Routine Unexpected Fault Handling Record ........................................................B-10
B.2.2 Emergency Equipment Maintenance Notification.................................................B-11

Appendix C Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................C-1

Index ................................................................................................................................................ i-1

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Chapter 1 Overview

This chapter introduces the overall information about troubleshooting the MA5600.
This chapter contains the following.

Section… Describes…
1.1 Scope of The scope of faults in which the troubleshooting
Troubleshooting methods are provided
The background knowledge and operation skill to be
1.2 Knowledge and Skill
possessed by the troubleshooting personnel

1.3 Procedure for


Troubleshooting the The general procedure for troubleshooting the MA5600
MA5600

1.4 Common Common methods that are used for troubleshooting the
Troubleshooting Methods MA5600

1.5 Contact of Huawei The contact information of the Huawei technical


Technical Support support center

1.1 Scope of Troubleshooting


Table 1-1 lists the objects of troubleshooting as well as the related chapters in this
document.

Table 1-1 Objects of troubleshooting and related chapters

Object of troubleshooting Related chapter


ADSL/ADSL2+ service Chapter 4 Troubleshooting the ADSL Service
SHDSL service Chapter 5 Troubleshooting the SHDSL Service
Ethernet service Chapter 6 Troubleshooting the Ethernet Service
IMA service Chapter 7 Troubleshooting the IMA Service
Multicast service Chapter 8 Troubleshooting the Multicast Service
MPLS service Chapter 9 Troubleshooting the MPLS Service

Alarms Chapter 10 Analyzing and Handling Alarms

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1.2 Knowledge and Skill


The person who maintains the MA5600 shall possess the following:
z Basic knowledge about the telecom networks
z Knowledge about the MA5600 service functions and networking
z Knowledge about the operation and maintenance of the MA5600
z Skills to use the troubleshooting tools and meters

1.2.1 Basic Knowledge about the Telecom Networks

In terms of the basic knowledge about the telecom networks, you shall:
z Possess the knowledge about the computer network such as the ATM, the
Ethernet, and the TCP/IP.
z Understand the copper – wire access technologies such as the ADSL/ADSL2+,
and the SHDSL.
z Possess the knowledge about multicast service.

1.2.2 MA5600 Service Functions and Networking

In terms of the knowledge about the service functions and networking of the MA5600,
you shall:
z Understand the practical networking and service configuration of the MA5600.
z Be familiar with the MA5600 hardware structure and specifications.
z Be familiar with the functions and positions of the boards on the MA5600.
z Be familiar with the devices interoperating with the MA5600 in the network.
z Be familiar with the protocols and signaling types used between the MA5600 and
the interoperating devices.

1.2.3 Operation and Maintenance Knowledge of the MA5600

In terms of the knowledge about the operation and maintenance of the MA5600, you
shall:
z Understand explicitly which operations may completely or partially interrupt the
service.
z Understand explicitly which operations may cause damage to the MA5600.
z Understand explicitly which operations may cause customer complaint.
z Understand explicitly which emergency or backup measures are available.

1.2.4 Operating with the Troubleshooting Tools and Meters

In terms of the skills to use the troubleshooting tools and meters, you shall be able to
use:
z The Multimeter

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z The Optical power meter


z The line tester

1.3 Procedure for Troubleshooting the MA5600


1.3.1 Flowchart

The general procedure for troubleshooting the MA5600 contains the following four
steps:
z Collecting the information
z Analyzing the fault
z Locating the fault
z Eliminating the fault
Figure 1-1 shows the general procedure for troubleshooting the MA5600.

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Start

Collect the information

Alarm reported for N


the fault?

Handle the alarm

N
The fault persists?

Analyse and locate the fault

Eliminate the fault

N Contact Huawei Technical


The fault eliminated?
Support Centre

End

Figure 1-1 General procedure for troubleshooting the MA5600

1.3.2 Collecting the Information

I. Source of information

The fault information often comes from the following sources:


z Claim from the user or the customer service center
z Exceptions detected in routine maintenance
z Alarms output to the management system
z Fault notification from maintenance person of the interoperating devices

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As the MA5600 is used in more and more complicated topologies, the above
information sources are often not enough to directly indicate a fault. For this reason, it is
important that the maintenance person of the MA5600 collects the first hand
information about a fault, in order to shorten the troubleshooting time.

II. Suggestions

z Make sure you obtain enough information before handling the faults, especially
the critical faults.
z When you are dealing with fault report or claims, ask questions to obtain more
information about the fault.
z Keep good contact with related offices and sectors such as the transmission
sector and interoperating offices to exchange information and seek help.
z Keep yourself familiar with the working principle of the MA5600, as well as related
protocols.

1.3.3 Analyzing the Fault

Analyzing a fault means to determine the scope and category of the fault.

I. Judge the scope of the fault

The first thing is to find out whether the fault occurs to all or some of the subscribers.
If the fault occurs to all the subscribers, find out whether the fault occurs to subscribers
of other devices that share the same upstream device with the MA5600.
If the fault occurs to part of the subscribers, find out:
z Service type of the subscribers, and whether the same fault occurs to subscribers
of other service types
z Whether the subscribers are connected to the same board as subscribers with
normal services.
z The ports/boards on the MA5600 that connect to the subscribers who claim the
fault.

II. Judge the category of the fault

Fault categories are classified according to the service categories of the MA5600.
By judging the fault category, you can determine which method to be used for analyzing
and locating the fault.

1.3.4 Locating the Fault

The reason that causes a fault on the MA5600 may be complex. But in most cases, a
fault is caused by a single reason. To locate a fault is to find out such a single reason
from various “possibilities”.

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To locate a fault quickly helps you to enhance the efficiency in troubleshooting the
MA5600. Locating a fault accurately also helps you to avoid worsening of the fault.
1.4 Common Troubleshooting Methods lists some methods used for analyzing and
locating a fault.

1.3.5 Eliminating the Fault

After a fault is located, you can eliminate it following proper procedure and using proper
methods, such as checking the line, replacing the faulty parts, modifying the
configuration data, or resetting the board.

Note:
z Make detailed record of every step of operation you perform during the
troubleshooting.
z If technical support from Huawei is required, present the record to the support
personnel of Huawei to reduce the troubleshooting time.
z Contact Huawei technical support center if you find difficulty in eliminating the fault.

1.4 Common Troubleshooting Methods


1.4.1 Overview

This section introduces some common methods used to troubleshoot the MA5600.
In troubleshooting, the first and most important thing is to judge whether the fault is on
the MA5600 device itself, so as to avoid the waste of time and resource.
To improve the efficiency of troubleshooting, you shall first check the connection of
external cables and running status of the indicators, and then check the overall running
status of the system at the console, and finally check the running status of each
module.
Table 1-2 lists the methods for locating the fault step by step.

Table 1-2 Methods to locate the fault step-by-step

Process General method Other methods


z Comparison analysis
Exclude the fault from z Interchange analysis z Alarm analysis
external device z Meter test z Performance analysis
z Protocol analysis
z Exclusive method
Locate the fault to the z Alarm analysis
specific device z Configuration data
z Performance analysis
analysis

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Process General method Other methods


z Exclusive method
Locate the fault to the
z Interchange analysis z Protocol analysis
specific board
z Meter test

1.4.2 Alarm Analysis

The MA5600 alarm information greatly helps you to analyze and locate a fault.
If a fault occurs, the MA5600 reports alarms. The alarms are displayed on the
maintenance terminal to indicate the phenomena of the fault, possible reasons of the
fault, and suggested handling procedure. The alarm information covers all the aspects
related to the running of the MA5600, such as the hardware, the link, the fiber, the
service and the CPU occupation ratio.
The alarm information helps you to directly pinpoint the location and the reason of a
fault. You can use other analysis methods together to locate the fault.

1.4.3 Performance Analysis

Performance analysis is to find out the fault by querying the performance statistics
provided by the MA5600.
It is very useful to query the performance statistics when you locate various types of
faults. Before you query the statistics, make sure you know about the fault category, so
that you can query related statistics.
To use the performance analysis method well, you shall be familiar with the system
structure and operation mechanism of the MA5600. You shall also be familiar with the
type of statistics provides by the MA5600 and how to query the statistics.

1.4.4 Exclusive Method

Exclusive method is used when the fault may be caused by more than one reason.
Using this method, you can analyze and get rid of the false reasons, and find out the
real reason of the fault.
To use the exclusive method well, you shall be very familiar with the system structure
and the working principle of the MA5600. The loopback test and the meter test are often
used together for the exclusive method.

1.4.5 Meter Test

Instruments and meters play a key role in the troubleshooting. They can directly
indicate the fault by means of visual and quantitative data.
The following instruments and meters are usually used for troubleshooting.

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z Multimeter
z Optical power meter
z Oscillometer
z Liner tester
z Signaling trace meter
By comparing the measured value with the normal parameter, you can find out the
possible causes of a fault.

1.4.6 Comparison

In case of a single-point fault, you can find it out by comparing the faulty component
with a normal one.

1.4.7 Interchange

If fault remains after you replace the doubted part with a spare one, you can
interchange the doubted part, such as a board or a fiber, with a same part that is
running normally. You may locate the position or the scope of the fault by comparing the
status before and after the interchange.
Interchange is often used when it is difficult to find out the reason of the fault, or the fault
seems to be caused by complex reasons.

Caution:

z Interchange is risky. If you interchange a normal board that is actually normal in the
shelf with a short-circuited board, you may damage the shelf. Therefore, be cautious
to use the interchange method so as to avoid another fault.
z To interchange between two boards, make sure that a good board is used to
interchange with the doubted board.

1.4.8 Configuration Data Analysis

Incorrect configuration data will cause system faults. By analyzing the configuration
data, you can locate the fault easily, especially the fault that occurs in the new
deployment.

1.4.9 Protocol Analysis

Protocol analysis is to trace the signaling and capture the packets to analyze the fault.
Protocol analysis is often used when the MA5600 is not interoperating well with the
uplink device.

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To use the protocol analysis method, you must be very familiar with related protocols,
and be clear about the exchange process of signaling.

1.5 Contact of Huawei Technical Support


If you are not able to locate a fault with the help of this document, contact the Customer
Service Center of Huawei by phone, fax, or E-mail.
When you report a fault, try to provide the following information:
z Full name of the faulty office site
z Name and telephone number of the contact person
z The time when the fault occurred
z Details about the fault
z Software version of the MA5600
z Measures that you took after the fault, and the relevant results
z The severity of the fault, as well as expected time for resolution
To obtain the latest technical documentation, visit http://support.huawei.com.

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Chapter 2 Common Troubleshooting Operations

This chapter introduces some operations that are commonly used in troubleshooting
the MA5600. Operations in this chapter may often be referred in other chapters of this
document.
If you are familiar with the operations in this chapter, you can skip to other chapters.
This chapter contains the following.

Section… Describes…
The hardware loopback and the software loopback that
2.1 Loopback are supported by the MA5600, as well as how to locate
the faults using the loopback methods
2.2 Replacing the How to replace the various boards and optical modules of
Boards the MA5600
2.3 Measuring the
How to measure the optical power
Optical Power

2.1 Loopback
2.1.1 Overview

Loopback is a very common method in troubleshooting the MA5600. The MA5600


supports software loopback and hardware loopback.
z In terms of hardware loopback, the MA5600 supports the fiber loopback and the
E1 link loopback.
z In terms of software loopback, the MA5600 supports local loopback and remote
loopback.
The ATM STM-1 optical ports, E3 ports, IMA E1 ports and SHDSL ports of the MA5600
supports local and remote loopback.
The ADSL ports support only local loopback.
Hardware loopback and software loopback are often used together to locate a fault.

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2.1.2 Fiber Loopback

I. Description

The fiber loopback is to directly connect the Tx and Rx ports on the optical module for
the test.
The fiber loopback helps you to judge whether the status of the local optical port, the
peer optical port, or the fiber is normal. This method is used when all the services on
the optical port are interrupted, or when the optical port reports an alarm.
Figure 2-1shows the fiber loopback.

Main 1 2 3 4
control / O O
D D
interface
F F
board

MA5600 Opposite device

Figure 2-1 Fiber loopback

Fiber loopback is carried out on the failure side segment by segment from the local end
to the peer end, as shown in the above figure. If the MA5600 optical port recovers after
the loopback on one of the segments, it indicates that the fiber and the optical
components in this segment are normal. Otherwise, it indicates that the fault occurs in
this segment. To eliminate the fault, you can check the fiber or replace the components.
Fiber loopback helps you to quickly locate the faulty segment.

II. Precautions

Services carried on the optical ports are interrupted when you implement the fiber
loopback.
z If the optical ports work in the active/standby mode, switch the services to normal
optical ports before the loopback.
z If the optical ports work in the load sharing mode, select a time when the traffic
load on the fiber is small, in order to avoid congestion.

III. Prerequisites

Prepare the following for the loopback test.


z Optical power meter
z Fiber for the loopback connection
Ensure that the meter is calibrated before the operation.

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IV. Procedure

1) Use fibers to connect the MA5600 optical ports for the loopback test, as shown in
Figure 2-2.

Tx Tx

Rx Rx

Optical port Optical port

Figure 2-2 Loopback at the optical port

2) Check whether the recovery alarm of the optical port is reported.

2.1.3 IMA E1 Link Loopback

I. Description

The E1 link loopback is to directly connect the Tx and Rx ports on the E1 service board
for the test.
When locating an IMA E1 fault in the physical layer, you can:
z Perform loopback for a single E1 link.
z Perform loopback for all the E1 links involved in IMA E1.
The E1 link loopback helps you in troubleshooting the following faults:
z E1 port disconnected
z E1 link cross-connected
z E1 link alarms
Figure 2-3 shows the E1 link loopback.

1 2 3 4
主控板/ D D
Interface
接口板 D D
board
F F

MA5600
UA5000 Opposite device
对端设备

Figure 2-3 E1 link loopback

E1 link loopback is carried out on the failure side segment by segment from the local
end to the peer end, as shown in parts n, o, p, and q in the above figure.

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If the MA5600 E1 port recovers after the loopback on one of the segments, it indicates
that the line and the components in this segment are normal. Otherwise, it indicates
that the fault occurs in this segment. To eliminate the fault, you can check the line error
bit or replace the components.
E1 link loopback helps you to quickly locate the faulty segment.

II. Precaution

Services carried on the E1 ports are interrupted when you implement the E1 link
loopback.
If the E1 ports work in the active/standby mode, switch the services to normal E1 ports
before the loopback.
If the E1 ports work in the load sharing mode, select a time when the traffic load on the
link is small, in order to avoid congestion.

III. Prerequisites

Prepare the following for the loopback test.


z Screw driver
z Error code tester
z E1 loopback cable
Ensure that the meter is calibrated before the operation.

IV. Procedure

1) Use the E1 loopback cable to connect the MA5600 E1 ports for the loopback test.
2) Check whether the recovery alarm of the E1 port is reported.

2.1.4 Software Loopback

I. Remote loopback

The remote loopback is to directly send out from the Tx port the signals that are
received at the Rx port, without any processing on the signals by the board. This helps
you to judge whether the port processing module is normal.
Figure 2-4 shows the remote loopback.

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Plane module

Port module
Remote Hardware
loopback loopback

Interface board/main control board

Figure 2-4 Remote loopback

II. Local loopback

The local loopback is to directly send the signals from the plane back to the plane at the
port processing module of the board. The local loopback is often used to check the
internal processing module of the board.
Figure 2-5 shows the local loopback.
Plane module

Port module

Local Hardware
loopback loopback

Interface baord/main control card

Figure 2-5 Local loopback

The ADSL board supports three types of local loopback:


z Universal Test & Operations PHY Interface for ATM (UTOPIA)
UTOPIA loopback means the loopback from the backplane to the UTOPIA port
and then back to the backplane, as shown in Figure 2-6 (1). It mainly checks
whether the path from the backplane to the logic is normal.
z Analog Front End (AFE)
AFE means the loopback from the backplane to the AFE and then back to the
backplane, as shown in Figure 2-6 (2). It checks whether the path from the
backplane to the inner side of the chipset is normal
z Hybrid
Hybrid loopback means the loopback from the backplane to Hybrid and then back
to the backplane, as shown in Figure 2-6 (3). It checks whether the path from the
backplane to the edge of the chipset is normal.

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AFE Hybrid

Plane module UTOPIA

1 2 3

Logic Chipset

ADSL board

Figure 2-6 ADSL board loopback

III. Setting the software loopback

You can run the command loopback to set software loopback for different boards in
different modes:
z In SHDSL mode, run the command loopback to enable the local loopback of the
SHDSL port:
MA5600(config-if-shl-0/4)#loopback 0 local
z In ADSL mode, run the command loopback to enable the UTOPIA loopback of the
ADSL/ADSL2+ port:
MA5600(config-if-adsl-0/4)#loopback 0 utopia
z In E3 mode, run the command loopback to enable the remote loopback of the E3
port:
MA5600(config-if-aiu-0/6.e3)#loopback 0 remote
z In optical port mode, run the command loopback to enable the remote loopback of
the ATM STM-1 port:
MA5600(config-if-aiu-0/6.optic)#loopback 0 remote

2.2 Replacing the Boards


2.2.1 Overview

This section provides guide to the following operations:

I. Hardware Upgrade/Capacity Expansion

When some new functions are to be added to the board or other components, or the
capacity of an office is to be expanded, the hardware may be upgraded. In this case:
z Perform such operations as unplugging and inserting the boards or other
components, and resume their operations.
z Reposition some service boards.

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II. Equipment maintenance

To remove the faults and maintain the equipment, the maintenance personnel can
query the alarm information in the fault management system and the equipment
information in the maintenance system.
If a board is faulty, directly replace the board. If other components and parts are faulty,
replace these components and parts.
According to the guide described in this section, the maintenance personnel can
manage the board software, unplug and insert the board, and replace the board.
After locating the fault of a board, and replacing the board, keep a record for the board,
pack it, and then send it for repairs.

2.2.2 Precautions

Replacing a board consists of three stages:


z Preparations
z Replacement
z Test-based examination
The precautions for each stage are as follows:

I. Preparations

Before replacing a board, perform the required pre-operations to guarantee that the
device can work normally during troubleshooting and replacement, or perform some
pre-operations when the service is interrupted to guarantee the normal operation of the
device.
The pre-operations include:
z Checking and recording the board type, and ensuring that the boards before and
after the replacement are compatible.
z Saving the system configuration data and recording the board configuration.
z Switching over between the board to be replaced and the board to replace the
faulty one, so as to enable the latter to be in standby status.
z Preparing the new board and the operation tools.
At this stage, pay attention to the following points:
z Make sure that the specifications of the subboards on the boards before and after
the replacement are consistent.
z Make sure that the software versions of the boards before and after the
replacement are consistent.
z Check whether the labels for the cables from the front panels of the boards are
intact. If not, relabel the cables.
z Set the DIP switches and jumpers correctly.

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II. Replacement

According to the guide to replacing a board, unplug and insert the hardware, check and
set the DIP switches and jumpers.
Perform all the operations in a standard manner to avoid any damages to the board.
The operations involved include:
z Wearing an Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) preventive wrist strap.
z Unplugging and inserting the board correctly.
At this stage, pay attention to the following points:
z Unplug or insert the board along the slot, neither oblique nor deviated from the
slot.
z Insert the board to the slot tight; otherwise, the interference may be caused to the
device during the operations or the board may be damaged accordingly.
z If there are cables from the front panel of the board, pull other the cable, and then
plug them into the front panel after the board is replaced.
z Check and record the settings of the jumpers and DIP switches on the board.
z Avoid short circuits caused by metal during the operations, for example, by an
operation tool that is placed improperly, or by a screw that is dropped into the
frame.
z When installing or maintaining the optical board or fiber, keep your eyes away from
and do not directly view the optical port or the fiber connector.

III. Test-based Examination

Check whether the new board and the service of the board are normal. Label the faulty
board, pack it, and then send it for repairs.
z The operations involved include:
z Checking the status of the LEDs on the board, and making sure the board is
working normally.
z Querying the related alarms and performance events, and making sure there is no
abnormality alarm.
z Putting the replaced board into an antistatic bag, and labeling the bag with the
board name and the fault description.
At this stage, pay attention to the following points:
z Make sure the cable connection is normal.
z When replacing the control board, synchronize the data of the active control
board.
z For the board working in active/standby mode, check whether the active/standby
switchover is normal.
z For the service board, check whether the service of the board has recovered.

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2.2.3 ESD-protective Measures

An electromagnetostatic field is created in the human body of a person when:


z The person moves.
z The clothes rub.
z The shoes rub against the floor.
z Hold the common plastics by hand.
The field exists in the human body for a long time. The ESD can damage the
ESD-sensitive parts and components, such as a large scale integrated circuit.

I. General principles

To prevent ESD of the human body from damaging the ESD-sensitive parts and
components, when replacing the board, take ESD-protective measures to guarantee
no damage to the device during the replacement.
The ESD-protective measures are as follows:
z Ground the equipment correctly according to the grounding requirements.
z Always wear the ESD wrist strap to prevent the device from being damaged by
ESD.
z Keep the ESD wrist strap work in normal conditions.
Its resistance shall range from 0.75 MΩ to 10 MΩ.
Its service life is usually two years.
Replace the wrist strap when the resistance is not within the said range.
z Keep the clothes away from the board because the ESD wrist strap cannot defend
the board against the static electricity caused by the clothes' touching the board.
z Use a simple ESD-protective pad and wear the ESD wrist strap to replace the
board software or chip. Use the ESD-protective tweezers and chip extraction tools
to replace chips. Do not touch chips, circuits, or pins with your bare hands.
z Keep the boards and other ESD sensitive parts to be installed in the antistatic bags.
Place the temporarily removed boards and components on the ESD-protective
pad or other effective ESD-protective materials. Do not use non-antistatic
materials such as white foams, common plastic bags, or paper bags to pack the
boards or let them touch the boards.
z Wear the ESD wrist strap when operating the ports of the board because they are
also ESD-sensitive. Discharge the static electricity of cables and protective
sleeves before connecting them to the ports.
z Put the removed board into the ESD-protective bag or box.
z Reserve some materials for board package (such as ESD-protective boxes and
bags) in the room for future use.

II. Wearing the ESD wrist strap

Pay attention to the following points when wearing the ESD wrist strap:

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z Keep good contact between the wrist strap and the wrist skin.
z Do not use any oil such as skin-protective oil or frostbite-preventive oil in the wrist
skin.
z Connect the grounding strap to the ESD grounding jack on the cabinet, as shown
in Figure 2-7.

Figure 2-7 Wearing an ESD wrist strap correctly

z Check the ESD wrist strap before using it, and do not use any ESD wrist strap of
poor quality.

III. Testing the ESD wrist strap

Use a multimeter to test the resistance of the inner interface of the wrist strap to the
strap buckle, as shown in Figure 2-8.

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Multimeter(x10k Ω)

Strap buckle

Figure 2-8 Testing the resistance of the inner interface of the wrist strap to the strap
buckle

Use a multimeter to test resistance of the grounding strap, as shown in Figure 2-9.

Figure 2-9 Testing resistance of the grounding strap

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IV. Specifications of the ESD wrist strap

Table 2-1 lists the specifications of the ESD wrist strap.

Table 2-1 Specifications of the ESD wrist strap

Test item Specification


6 6
Grounding resistance ( ) 0.75×10 ≤Rg≤10×10

Resistance of inner interface of the


≤20k
wrist to the strap buckle ( )

Resistance of the grounding strap 6 6


0.8 ×10 <Rc<1.2×10
( )

2.2.4 Replacing a Control Board

I. Recommended Tools

z ESD wrist strap


z Cross screwdriver

II. Preparations

Follow the steps below before replacing the control board:


1) Run the command save to save the current configuration.
2) Run the command backup to back up the programs, database, and languages of
the system.
3) If the control board to be replaced is an active board, run the command system
switch-over to perform active/standby switchover. Otherwise, go to Step 5.
4) Query the alarms and performance events in the system, and confirm there are no
new alarms or performance events. Check whether the service is normal. If yes, it
indicates that the switchover succeeds.
5) Take a new board out of the ESD-protective box and check whether the board is in
good conditions. Do not touch the surface of the printed board.
6) Set the DIP switches and jumpers of the board correctly.

III. Procedure

To replace a control board, proceed as follows:


1) Disconnect the cable connectors from the control board to be replaced.
2) Loosen the screws anticlockwise on the front panel of the control board, as shown
in Figure 2-10 n.
3) Pull outward the ejector levers on the front panel of the control board, as shown in
Figure 2-10 o.

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Caution:

After the control board leaves the board track, you need still pull the control board out of
the service shelf along the previous direction, so as to avoid the control board collides
with components on other boards.

4) Hold the ejector levers with your hands and pull out the control board along the
board track, as shown in Figure 2-10p.
5) Pull outward the ejector levers on the front panel of the control board.
6) Hold the ejector levers with your hands and insert the board gently along the board
track until the ejector levers are clamped to the top and bottom beams of the board
cage, as shown in Figure 2-10 q.
7) Press the ejector levers inwards to seat the board in the connector on the plane.
Now the ejector levers shall be parallel with the front panel, as shown in
Figure 2-10 r.
8) Tighten the screws clockwise on the front panel by using a cross screwdriver, as
shown in Figure 2-10 s.
9) Connect cables to the new control board.

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IV. Illustration

1 2 3

4 5 6

Figure 2-10 Replacing a control board

V. Test-based Examination

Follow the steps to do the test-based examination:


1) Observe the LEDs on the new board. If the RUN LED is green and blinks at the
interval one second on and one second off, it indicates that the board is running
normally.
2) Run the command display board to query the state of the new board.

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3) Run the command duplicate to synchronize the active and standby databases.
4) Run the command system switch-over to switch over between the active and
standby boards.
5) Query the alarms and performance events in the system, and confirm there are no
new alarms or performance events. Check whether the service is normal. If yes, it
indicates that the switchover succeeds.
6) Put the removed board in an ESD-protective bag and label the bag with the board
name and fault description.

2.2.5 Replacing a Service Board

I. Recommended Tools

z ESD wrist strap


z Cross screwdriver

II. Preparations

Follow the steps below before replacing the service board:


1) Check the service configured for service board to be replaced and keep the
related record.
2) Take a new board out of the ESD-protective box and check whether the board is in
good conditions. Do not touch the surface of the printed board.
3) Set the DIP switches and jumpers of the board correctly.

III. Procedure

To replace a service board, proceed as follows:


1) Unplug the cable connector from the front panel of the board.
2) Loosen the screws anticlockwise on the front panel of the service board, as shown
in Figure 2-11 n.
3) Pull outward the ejector levers on the front panel, as shown in Figure 2-11 o.
4) Hold the ejector levers with your hands and pull out the service board along the
board track, as shown in Figure 2-11 p.

Caution:

After the service board leaves the board track, you need still pull the service board out
of the service shelf along the previous direction, so as to avoid the service board
collides with components on other boards.

5) Pull outward the ejector levers on the front panel of the new service board.

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6) Hold the ejector levers with your hands and insert the board gently along the board
track until the ejector levers are clamped to the top and bottom beams of the board
cage, as shown in Figure 2-11 q.
7) Press the ejector levers inwards to seat the board in the connector on the plane.
Now the ejector levers shall be parallel with the front panel, as shown in
Figure 2-11 r.
8) Tighten the screws clockwise on the front panel by using a cross screwdriver, as
shown in Figure 2-11 s.
9) Reconnect the cable, if any, on the front panel of the board.

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IV. Illustration

1 2 3

4 5 6

Figure 2-11 Replacing a service board

V. Test-based Examination

Follow the steps to do the test-based examination:


1) Observe the LEDs on the new board. If the RUN LED is green and blinks at the
interval one second on and one second off, it indicates that the board is running
normally.
2) Run the command display board to query the state of the new board.

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3) Query the alarms and performance events in the system, and confirm there are no
new alarms or performance events. Check whether the service is normal. If yes, it
indicates that the switchover succeeds.
4) Put the removed board in an ESD-protective bag and label the bag with the board
name and fault description.

2.2.6 Replacing a Subboard

I. Recommended Tools

z ESD wrist strap


z Flathead screwdriver
z Cross screwdriver

II. Preparations

Follow the steps below before replacing the subboard:


1) Check the service of the board to which the subboard is attached and keep the
related record.

Note:
To replace a subboard on the control board, make preparations as described in “2.2.4
Replacing a Control Board”.

2) Take a new subboard out of the ESD-protective box and check whether the
subboard is in good conditions. Do not touch the surface of the printed board.
3) Set the DIP switches and jumpers of the board correctly.

III. Procedure

To replace a subboard, proceed as follows:


1) Unplug the board with a subboard to be replaced. For details, see the procedure in
“2.2.4 Replacing a Control Board”.
2) Loosen screws from the subboard, as shown in Figure 2-12 n.
3) Lift the subboard where the subboard is connected to the board and separate the
subboard from the board, as shown in Figure 2-12 o.
4) Hold the subboard horizontally and remove it, as shown in Figure 2-12 p.
5) Align the connector on the new subboard with the subboard connector on the
board, and push the subboard gently downward to seat the subboard into to the
board, as shown in Figure 2-12 q.
6) Tighten screws diagonally on the new subboard, as shown in Figure 2-12 r.
Figure 2-12s shows the new subboard on the board.

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7) Insert the board to the frame, and reconnect the cable on the front panel of the
board.

IV. Illustration

Figure 2-12 shows how to replace a subboard.

1 2

3 4

5 6

Figure 2-12 Replacing a subboard

V. Test-based Examination

Follow the steps to do the test-based examination:


1) Observe the LEDs on the new board. If the RUN LED is green and blinks at the
interval one second on and one second off, it indicates that the board is running
normally.
2) Run the command display board to query the state of the new board and whether
the new subboard is displayed.
3) Query the alarms and performance events in the system, and confirm there are no
new alarms or performance events. Check whether the service is normal. If yes, it
indicates that the switchover succeeds.
4) Put the removed subboard in an ESD-protective bag and label the bag with the
subboard name and fault description.

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2.2.7 Replacing an Optical Module

I. Recommended Tools

z ESD wrist strap


z Cross screwdriver

II. Procedure

To replace an optical module, proceed as follows:


1) Pull outward the handle of the optical module, as shown in Figure 2-13 n.
2) Hold the handle and pull the optical module out of the optical port on the board, as
shown in Figure 2-13 o.
3) Insert the new optical module fully into the optical port, as shown in Figure 2-13 p.

Note:
When the module clicks, it means the module is seated correctly in the optical port.

III. Illustration

Figure 2-13 shows how to replace the optical module.

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1 2

3 4

Figure 2-13 Replacing an optical module

2.3 Measuring the Optical Power


2.3.1 Overview

When error code occurs at the optical port or the port is disconnected, you can
measure the optical power at the port. This helps you to judge whether the fiber or the
optical transmitter is normal.
The optical power is measured on the receiving and transmitting ports.
To measure the optical power, use the optical power meter.

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2.3.2 Measuring the Receive Optical Power

I. Description

This operation is to measure the optical power at the receive port on the MA5600 in
order to check the status of the fiber connection or the peer end.

II. Precautions

Before the operation:


z Make sure that the fiber connector and the optical port on the front panel of optical
service board are clean and well connected.
z Do not look into the TX laser port on the optical service board or the connector on
the fiber.
z Check the attenuation of the patch cord.
z Make sure to use different patch cords for single mode and multi-mode optical
modules.

III. Prerequisite

Ensure that the meters are calibrated before the operation.

IV. Procedure

1) Set the optical power meter to work at the wavelength of the signal to be
measured.
2) Remove the patch cord from the Rx port on the MA5600, and connect the cord to
the optical power meter, as shown in Figure 2-14.

Tx Tx
ODF ODF

Rx Rx

Interface/main
control board Optical port

MA5600 Opposite device


Optical power meter

Figure 2-14 Measuring the receiving optical power

3) Record the result after the reading on the optical power meter is stabilized.

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2.3.3 Measuring the Transmit Optical Power

I. Description

This operation is to measure the optical power at the transmit port of the MA5600 in
order to check the status of the local transmitting module.

II. Precautions

Before the operation:


z Make sure that the fiber connector and the optical port on the front panel of optical
service board are clean and well connected.
z Do not look into the Tx laser port on the optical service board or the connector on
the fiber.
z Check the attenuation of the patch cord.
z Make sure to use different patch cords for single mode and multi-mode optical
modules.

III. Prerequisite

Ensure that the meters are calibrated before the operation.

IV. Procedure

1) Set the optical power meter to work at the wavelength of the signal to be
measured.
2) Remove the fiber from the Tx port on the MA5600.
3) Connect one end of the patch cord to the Tx port on the MA5600, and the other
end to the optical power meter, as shown in Figure 2-15.

Tx

Rx

Interface/ main
Optical power meter control board
MA5600

Figure 2-15 Measuring the transmitting optical power

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4) Record the result after the reading on the optical power meter is stabilized.

2.3.4 Reference Criteria

I. Reference Criteria for the STM-1 Optical Port

Table 2-2 lists the reference criteria for the STM-1 optical port.

Table 2-2 Reference criteria for the STM-1 optical port

Item Single mode Multi-mode


1270–1380
Wavelength 1261–1360 nm
nm
Maximum transmit power
–8 dBm –14 dBm
Transmitter (average)
(S point) Minimum transmit power
–15 dBm –23.5 dBm
(average)

Receiver Minimum sensitivity –28 dBm –30 dBm


(R point) Minimum overload –8 dBm –14 dBm

II. Specifications of the GE Optical Port

Table 2-3 Specifications of the GE optical port

Single mode Single mode


Item Multi-mode
- 10km - 40/70km
1270–1355 1100–1600 830–860
Wavelength
nm nm nm

Maximum
–3 dBm 1 dBm –4 dBm
transmitting power
Transmitter
Minimum
–11.5 dBm –4 dBm –9.5 dBm
transmitting power
Maximum receiving
–3 dBm –3 dBm 0 dBm
power
Receiver
Minimum receiving
–20 dBm –24 dBm –17 dBm
power

III. Specifications of the FE Optical Port

Table 2-4 Specifications of the FE optical port

Item Single mode Multi-mode


Wavelength 1261–1360 nm 1270–1380 nm

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Item Single mode Multi-mode


Maximum transmitting power –8 dBm –14 dBm
Transmitter
Minimum transmitting power –15 dBm –22.5 dBm
Maximum receiving power –8 dBm –14 dBm
Receiver
Minimum receiving power –31.8 dBm –30 dBm

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Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Physical Connections

To handle a fault, start from the physical layer. This chapter introduces how to
troubleshoot physical connections of the MA5600 and analyzes some related cases,
including:
z Troubleshooting xDSL Lines, on Page 3-1
z Troubleshooting Ethernet Ports, on Page 3-7

3.1 Troubleshooting xDSL Lines

3.1.1 Overview

Digital subscriber line (DSL) a technology to transmit data, voice, and video traffic with
high bandwidth over the existing copper twisted pair cables (POTS lines) between the
equipment at the office end and the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).

xDSL includes a series of DSL technologies, such as:


z ADSL
z HDSL
z SDSL
z SHDSL
z VDSL
xDSL technologies vary in transmission rate, distance and delay due to their different
modulation and coding technologies.

xDSL implements channels multiplexing by dividing spectrums of the twisted pair cable.
Voice and data traffic is separated by the splitters. A network topology is composed of
the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) at the office end and the CPE
at the user end.

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3.1.2 Fault Locating Process

I. Fault locating Flowchart

Start

Query the port state

Query line parameters

Check the line length

Check bridge taps

Check other possible troubles

End

Figure 3-1 Flowchart for locating a xDSL line fault

II. Querying the port state

When receiving a user's report on xDSL service disruption or intermittent disconnection,


the maintenance personnel can run the command display port state to query the
related xDSL port state to judge primarily the xDSL service fault coverage.

The example below shows how to query the state of a port.


MA5600(config-if-adsl-0/2)#display port state 34
--------------------------------------------------------
Port Status Line_Profile Alm_Profile
--------------------------------------------------------
34 Activated 10 10

--------------------------------------------------------

III. Querying line parameters

When the fault occurs at the xDSL port side, run the command display line operation
to query the xDSL line operation parameters. Especially, query:
z The line’s signal to noise ratio (SNR) margin to judge the quality of the current line
connection.

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In general, the activated SNR margin free from rate restriction shall be near to the
target SNR margin.
z Whether the line attenuation is normal.
A high attenuation rate within a short distance indicates a line problem. In general,
the attenuation per kilometer is 10 dB for the downstream line, and is 6 dB for the
upstream line.

The example below shows how to query line parameters of a port.


MA5600(config)#display line operation port 0/2/34
Channel mode : Interleaved
Downstream channel bit swap : Enable
Upstream channel bit swap : Enable
Trellis mode : Enable
Standard in port training : G992.5
Downstream channel rate(Kbps) : 7996
Downstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 25353
Downstream channel SNR margin(dB) : 29.5
Downstream interleaved channel delay(ms) : 6
Downstream channel attenuation(dB) : 2.0
Downstream total output power(dBm) : 8.3
Upstream channel rate(Kbps) : 1021
Upstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 1271
Upstream channel SNR margin(dB) : 9.5
Upstream interleaved channel delay(ms) : 3
Upstream channel attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Upstream total output power(dBm) : 0.5
----------------------------------------------------------
G992.1 : G.dmt
G992.2 : G.lite
G992.3 : G.dmt.bis
G992.5 : G.dmt.bisplus

IV. Checking the line length

For different xDSL technologies, the line lengths are different. If the line is too long, the
xDSL transmission rate is decreased fast, causing failure to DSL services.

Generally:
z The ADSL line length is less than 5 km.
z The ADSL2+ line length is less than 6.5 km.
z The SHDSL line length is less than 6 km.

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V. Checking bridge taps

Bridge taps on external lines may cause strong reflection in signal transmission and
thus affect the quality of signals. In principle, do not use subscriber lines with bridge
taps to transmit xDSL signals.

VI. Checking other possible troubles

If the fault has not located till now, check:


z Whether the MDF cabling is reliable.
z Whether the iron or aluminum parallel lines used as service cables, if any, are
longer than 20 m.
z If the 4-core parallel line is used, whether one pair is used, and the other is idle.
z Whether the splitter is installed and connected correctly.
z Whether there exists any interfering source around the line, such as the high
power base station.
z Whether line a and line b are not covered with insulating tapes, so short circuit
phenomena occur from time to time due to external touch.
z Whether line a and line b at the socket are affected with damp, resulting in
extremely low insulation resistance or line a or line b’s touch to ground.
z Whether the line connection is reliable.

3.1.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults

According to the current troubleshooting statistics, 80% of the xDSL line faults are
caused by poor quality of service cables and loose contact of connectors.

Frequent faults involved in service cables are as follows:


z Line a and line b are not covered with insulating tapes, so short circuit occurs from
time to time due to external touch.
z Line a and line b at the socket are affected with damp, resulting in extremely low
insulation resistance or line a or line b’s touch to ground. This phenomenon easily
occurs in regions with high temperature and humidity.
z The service cables are parallel lines, with iron or aluminum core, with the length
exceeding 20 m.
z The contact between the connector and the socket is loose.
z The Line port of the splitter is connected in series with audio Modem, IP dialer,
extension telephone, fax machine, and so on, as shown in Figure 3-2.

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xDSL Modem
Modem
Phone
Telephone line Line

Splitter Telephone set

Audio
Modem

Fax PC IP dialer Telephone extension

Figure 3-2 Wrong wiring of service cables

3.1.4 Case Study

I. xDSL connection deactivated during a phone call

[Fault description]

When a phone call comes or the user presses the telephone set, the xDSL Modem is
deactivated.

[Fault analysis]

Why the Modem is deactivated is related to Modem faults and line faults.

In this case, the ringing or pressing affects the Modem, resulting in the fault. From the
fault, it can be seen that the line at the user side is not standard, and must be checked.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Change the Modem at the user side, but the fault still exists. So the fault is
unrelated to the Modem.
2) Disconnect the subscriber line, and simulate effect on the activated Modem by the
telephone set at the MDF in the equipment room. As a result, the Modem is not
deactivated.
3) Duplicate the said simulation at the MDF at the user side. As a result, the Modem
is not deactivated.
4) Check the leading-in box in the user's house, and find that the white one of a pair
of telephone lines is misconnected. This is the cause why the VDSL line is

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deactivated from time to time. Connect the misconnected cable again, and then
the fault is removed.

II. Slow Internet surfing and offline caused by bad line conditions

[Fault description]

After the xDSL service is provisioned for an Internet cafe user, the user reports that the
Internet surfing speed is slow and even sometimes the web pages cannot be opened.
Through observation on site, the maintenance personnel find that the rate of
downloading software from a local website by a single computer is only 13 kbit/s. The
rate of downloading software from a website out of the local province is only 6–7 kbit/s.
In addition, the offline phenomenon occurs in the Internet cafe.

[Fault analysis]

The xDSL access services require high-quality lines. So, use twisted pairs as your first
choice, do not use copper core or aluminum core. In actual applications, you can
consider using standard network cables as service cables.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check the data configuration of the MA5600, such as upstream and downstream
rates, and SNR margin, but find no problem.
2) Check the service cables, and find that the service cables used by this user are
common copper core parallel lines, and the length is about 40 m. Replace the
parallel lines by twisted pairs, and then the Internet surfing speed is boosted
obviously.

III. Service interruption caused by signal attenuation

[Fault description]

An office provisions VDSL services, but several ports are deactivated frequently.
Sometimes, these ports are deactivated automatically due to line faults once several
hours, or even once an hour. However, the distance between the users connected to
these ports and the office is less than 500 m.

[Fault analysis]

Check the line states of these ports, and find that the SNR of upstream and
downstream channels is not normal, and then deduce that the line connection is not
normal.

[Troubleshooting]

Lay out the wires on the MDF again, and reconnect the telephone lines in the
connection box of the user after replacing the old RJ-45 connector by the new one.
Then, the SNR of upstream and downstream channels returns to normal.

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Through the related test, the line connection stability is highly boosted. In 48 hours, only
one offline phenomenon occurs.

[Conclusion]

The upstream/downstream SNR is increased when the distance between the Modem
and the MA5600 is added, but this is not a simple linear relationship.

In this case, the distance between the user and the office is less than 500 m, so the
attenuation must be small. Abnormal SNR indicates that signals are not totally
attenuated on copper wires, but mainly attenuated at connection points. Re-arrange
the line, and then the fault is removed.

IV. Failure to make a phone call caused by untight line clamping

[Fault description]

An office provisions xDSL services. A user can access the Internet, but fails to make a
phone call. There is neither feed current nor dialing tone in case of off hook. The xDSL
Internet surfing is not stable, and is deactivated from time to time.

[Fault analysis]
1) Replace the splitter and telephone, but the fault is not removed.
2) Take the phone back to the MDF at the office side for a test.
3) Through the test, it is found that the telephone has feed on the terminal board at
the PSTN side, but it has no feed on the terminal board at the LINE side.
4) Observe the terminal board at the LINE side carefully, and found that the clamping
interface on the terminal board is loosened, and the skin of the jumper is not
peeled.
[Troubleshooting]

Connect the jumper again, and then the phone can be used normally. The xDSL
attenuation is decreased, and the port is rarely deactivated.

3.2 Troubleshooting Ethernet Ports

3.2.1 Overview

An Ethernet port can work in various modes at various rates:


z Duplex: half duplex, full duplex, auto
z Rate: 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, or 1000 Mbit/s
You can choose normal, across, auto mode for an electrical port with the attribute of
Medium Dependent Interface (MDI).

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Note:
When an Ethernet port is interconnected with other ports, make sure the port settings
are consistent.

I. Duplex mode

In an Ethernet network, the data link layer provides different media access control
methods for half duplex and full duplex.
z Half duplex
The half duplex transmission mode supports CSMA/CD. The traditional Local Area
Network (LAN) works in half duplex mode, which is very sensitive to the transmission
conflict over the cables.
z Full duplex
The full duplex transmission mode means that different data can be transmitted and
received at the same time without any interference. This mode is widely applied in the
PPP Ethernet and Fast Ethernet.
z Auto negotiation mode
There are many kinds of combinations of Ethernet operation modes. It will be too
complicated to configure all terminal device manually. To handle various operation
modes, the auto negotiation function comes into being.

Through the auto negotiation function, one network device can transfer the working
mode it supports to the opposite party, and can receive the relevant information from
the opposite party. Auto negotiation uses a kind of standard physical layer signal, Fast
Link Pulse (FLP) or Normal Link Pulse (NLP), to transmit the negotiation information,
and sets the devices at both sides to the highest transmission rate they both support to
guarantee highest transmission efficiency.

The auto-negotiated content includes: duplex mode, operating rate, flow control, and
so on. Once the negotiation succeeds, the devices at both sides of the link can
communicate with each other.

II. Rate

The SCU board of the MA5600 supports FE/GE optical/electrical ports.

The ports and their data rates are as follows:


z FE optical port: 100 Mbit/s
z FE electrical port: 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, AUTO
z GE optical port: 1000 Mbit/s

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z GE electrical port: 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, 1000 Mbit/s, AUTO

III. Eletrical port MDI

To change a port into Media Dependent Interface (MDI), you need to set the network
cable (straight through cable or crossover cable) used for the port. This applies to
FE/GE electrical ports.

In actual settings, the network cable type set must be the same as the actually used
network cable. You can also set the network cable type as auto.

Note:
During data configuration for a port, for auto mode, you can set this mode only when
the rate or duplex mode is auto negotiation.

3.2.2 Fault Locating Process

I. Fault locating flowchart

Start

Check physical links

Ping the peer port

Query port state

Query interface state

Query port statistics

Use other methods

End

Figure 3-3 Flowchart for locating an Ethernet port fault

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II. Checking physical links

Check the LED of the Ethernet port. If the LED is off, check whether the network cable
or optical fiber is correctly connected.

III. Pinging the peer port on the MA5600

If a fault occurs when the Ethernet port on the MA5600 is connected to the port at the
peer end, ping the peer port on the MA5600. This is a frequently used method.

IV. Querying port state

You can run the command display port state to display the state of an Ethernet port,
such as duplex mode, port rate, and so on. In this way, you can check whether the port
settings at the both ends match.

The example below shows how to display port state.


MA5600(config-if-scu-0/7)#display port state 0
The port is active
Native VLAN ID is 1
Ethernet port is online
Ethernet port is auto-negotiation to full duplex
Ethernet port rate is auto-negotiation to 1000M
Ethernet port does not support flow control
Line-adaptive function of the ethernet port is auto-negotiation

V. Querying interface state

You can run the command display interface to display the interface state. This
provides reference for fault diagnosis.

If the state is down, check the states of the service port and the upstream port
connected to this interface.

The example below shows how to display interface state.


MA5600(config)#display interface vlanif 2
vlanif2 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : up
Description : HUAWEI, MA5600 Series, Vlanif2 Interface
The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500 bytes
Internet protocol processing : enabled
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is
00e0-fc59-86a4

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VI. Querying port statistics

In SCU board configuration mode, you can run the command display port statistics to
collect statistics of an port.

You can judge whether an interface is normal by displaying its received and transmitted
frames.

The example below shows how to display port statistics.


MA5600(config-if-scu-0/7)#display port statistics 0
Number of transmitted frames =3181937
Number of received frames =289557
Total number of frames =3471494
Number of transmitted multicast frames =17838
Number of received multicast frames =47613
Total number of multicast frames =65451
Number of transmitted broadcast frames =3163993
Number of received broadcast frames =241831
Total number of broadcast frames =3405824
Number of transmitted pause frames =0
Number of received pause frames =0
Number of transmitted octets =216151208
Number of received octets =46591725
Total number of octets =262742933
Number of alignment error frames =0
Number of discarded frames =0
Number of CRC error frames =0
Number of collision frames =0
Number of undersized frames =0
Number of oversized frames =0
Number of CRC error packets(less than 64 octets in length) =0
Number of CRC error packets(longer than 1518 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(64 octets in length) =356948
Number of packets(65~127 octets in length) =3093402
Number of packets(128~255 octets in length) =288
Number of packets(256~511 octets in length) =135
Number of packets(512~1023 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(1024~1517 octets in length) =20717
Number of packets(1518~2047 octets in length) =4
Number of packets(2048~4095 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(4096~9216 octets in length) =0

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VII. Using other methods

Follow the above process, now you can judge whether the Ethernet port on the
MA5600 communicates normally with the port at the peer end, and judge the line
quality according to the time delay of PING packets and the packet loss ratio.

If the packet loss ratio and the time delay are large, or the ports at the both ends cannot
communicate with each other, check whether the physical links are normal. If yes,
change the current port, and then try again.

The MA5600 supports the Ethernet port mirror. That is, the MA5600 can duplicate the
service traffic of a port to another Ethernet port. This helps to locate a fault.

3.2.3 Analyzing and Troubleshooting Frequent Faults

The frequent faults concerning Ethernet ports are related to ports interconnection. So,
generally follow the steps in “3.1.2 Fault Locating Process” to locate these faults.

3.2.4 Case Study

I. Packets loss caused by poor interconnection between Ethernet ports

[Fault description]

In a test of the MA5600, the SCU board of the MA5600 is connected with a PC directly.
Ping the interface on the upper layer router, a serious packets loss (5%) phenomenon
occurs.

[Fault description]

When the settings of the Ethernet port on the MA5600 and the ports on the network
card of the PC do not match, packets loss will occur.

[Troubleshooting]

Set the line rates and line modes of the Ethernet port on the MA5600 and the network
card of the PC the same (both in auto-negotiation, 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, half duplex, or
full duplex), the packets loss disappears, and the services return to normal.

II. IP-DSLAM NMS channel failure caused by network ports of the upper layer
switch that are misconnected

[Fault description]

The MA5600 devices of two offices are connected to different ports on the same upper
layer switch through the photoelectric transducers. The networking mode of the
MA5600 is IP-DSLAM. The MA5600 is connected to the network management center

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(NMC) in inband NMS mode. The NMS VLANs are both 63. The two offices can be
managed at the NMC, and the NMSs are normal. The service VLANs are 58 and 59
respectively, and the MA5600 devices are connected to the upper layer equipment
through service VLANs. The two offices' Internet access services fail due to connection
timeout.

[Fault analysis]
1) Check the data configurations of the MA5600, and find no problem.
2) Check the upper layer switch and BRAS data configuration, and find no problem.
3) Ping the gateway, that is, the port of the connected upper layer switch, and then
fail.
4) Connect a PC directly to the port on the upper layer switch to which the MA5600 is
connected, and then the Internet access is normal.
5) Check the upper layer equipment room, and find when the MA5600 devices of two
offices are connected to the same upper layer switch through the photoelectric
transducers, the cable for connecting the upper layer switch and one office's
transducer is connected to another office's transducer.
[Troubleshooting]

Connect the MA5600 and the switch correctly, and then the fault is removed.

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Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ADSL Services

Various devices may cause ADSL access faults, such as the upper layer network
equipment, access equipment, subscriber lines, and ADSL Modems. In this case, the
key point for timely troubleshooting is to judge promptly where a fault is located
according to the fault phenomenon.

This chapter introduces how to troubleshoot ADSL access services, including:


z Introduction to ADSL Technology, on Page 4-1
z Fault Locating Process, on Page 4-4
z Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults, on Page 4-7
z Case Study, on Page 4-10

4.1 Introduction to ADSL Technology

4.1.1 Features of ADSL/ADSL2+

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a technology to transmit data over the
existing telephone lines. It features asymmetric upstream and downstream rates, and is
suitable for providing broadband access services. Because the frequencies for ADSL
are different from those for POTS services, ADSL services do not affect POTS
services.

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2 Plus (ADSL2+) is a new generation ADSL


technology. Compatible with ADSL, ADSL2+ has its features:
z New mode of Annex M
z Higher rates
The downstream rate is up to 24 Mbit/s.
z Longer reach
For ADSL, the reach is up to 5 km. For ADSL2+, the reach can be up to 6.5 km.
z Lower power consumption
Based on power management, ADSL2+ features lower power consumption.
z More stable operations and better spectral compatibility
z Better interconnectivity

4.1.2 Technical Specifications

Table 4-1 lists major technical specifications of ADSL and ADSL2+.

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Table 4-1 Major technical specifications of ADSL/ADSL2+

Item ADSL ADSL2+


Maximum transmission rate in upstream 896 kbit/s 1.2 Mbit/s
Maximum transmission rate in downstream 8160 kbit/s 24 Mbit/s
Maximum reach 5 km 6.5 km

4.1.3 Reference Model

Figure 4-1 shows the typical reference model of the ADSL/ADSL2+ system.

Vc Va U-C2 U-C U-R U-R2 T-SM T

ATU-C
PDN
ATU-C Splitter Splitter ATU-R T.E
+SM T.E
ATU-C
POTS-C POTS-R T.E

PSTN PHONE
Access point

Figure 4-1 Reference model of ADSL/ADSL2+ system

Where:
z Access point: the convergence point of broadband data and narrowband data.
z ATU-C: ADSL/ADSL2+ Transceiver Unit - Central Office end.
z ATU-R: ADSL/ADSL2+ Transceiver Unit - Remote End.
z Splitter: the filter used to separate high frequency ADSL signals from low
frequency POTS signals.
z PDN: Public Data Network used to connect the ATU-R and various application
terminals.
z SM: service module, completing terminal adaptation (such as STB-TV)
z Vc: the interface of the access point and the network side (SDH or SONET)
z B: the subsidiary data input channel to the SM (such as satellite receiver)

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4.1.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ Services of the MA5600

I. Boards of the MA5600

The MA5600 supports ADSL2+ boards to provide ADSL and ADSL2+ services.

See Table 4-2.

Table 4-2 ADSL2+ board of the MA5600

Board Description Function Port


With a built-in splitter, it supports
32-port ADSL2+ 32 ADSL2+
ADGE ADSL2+ over POTS. It adopts a GE
over POTS board ports
bus.

II. Networking

The MA5600 supports an IP-DSLAM network. In such a network topology, the


ADSL/ADSL2+ subscribers are connected to the IP network for enjoying broadband
access services.

Figure 4-2 shows an IP-DSLAM network topology of the MA5600.

I
IP
P

FE/GE

MA5600

ADSL2 业 ADS 业 ADS 业


ADSL2+ service ADSL service ADSL service
+ 务 L 务 L 务

Figure 4-2 IP-DSLAM network topology of the MA5600

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4.2 Fault Locating Process

4.2.1 Flowchart

Start

Locate fault primarily

Check the Modem

Check line conditions

Check the MA5600

Check upper layer device

End

Figure 4-3 Flowchart for locating an ADSL fault

4.2.2 Locating an ADSL Fault Primarily

Through queries in the network management system (NMS), it can be primarily judged
where a fault is located, such as the upper layer equipment, the MA5600, or the
equipment at the user end.

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Start

Query the rate through the


NMS

Suspected port with normal rate and


Modem is online and physical Access the internet with
connection rate is normal
succeed in access to the Internet
low rates through the neighboring port

Fault may occur on the upper Fault may occur on the upper User wrongly uses
layer device, MA5600 or CPE layer device or MA5600 the PC

End

Figure 4-4 Flowchart for locating an ADSL fault primarily

4.2.3 Checking the Modem

Query and record the model of the user’s Modem and the states of the LEDs on the
Modem, and judge whether the Modem is in fault.

The following takes the SmartAX MT880 series ADSL2+ Modem of Huawei for
example to introduce how to locate an ADSL2+ fault by observing the states of the
LEDs on the ATU-R.

Table 4-3 shows the states of the MT880 Modem and corresponding instructions.

Table 4-3 MT880 Modem states and instructions

LED State Instructions


On It indicates that the power supply is normal.
1) Ensure the power supply connections are normal.
POWER
Off 2) Ensure the right power adapter is used.
3) If the power supply is normal, replace the Modem.

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LED State Instructions


Blinks It indicates that the ADSL line is being activated. This is
fast normal.
On It indicates that the ADSL line is activated. This is normal.

It indicates that the data traffic is passing through the ADSL


Blinks
line. This is normal.
Blinks but
It indicates that the ADSL signals are weak. Then, make sure
cannot
ADSL the telephone line and the splitter are correctly connected.
be on
LINK
1) Ensure the ADSL line is well connected.
2) Ensure the telephone line before entering the house is
valid, and try to test with a telephone.
Off 3) Ensure there is no junction box before connecting the
MT880, which has such components as capacitors or
diodes that could hinder back high frequency signals.
4) Ensure the MT880 and telephones are connected in the
right way.
It indicates that the LAN is correctly connected. This is
On
normal.

Blinks It indicates that the LAN carries data traffic. This is normal.
1) Ensure you use the right cable from the MT880 to your
PC.
LAN 2) Ensure the connection is secured.
LINK
3) Check if the network interface card (NIC) LED lights up.
Off 4) Ensure your Network Adapter works normally by
examining whether the item of “Networking Adapters” is
labeled with “?” or “!”. If it is, you may delete it and then
click “Refresh” to reinstall. Otherwise, you may try the
NIC in another slot. As a last resort, you have to replace
the NIC.
LAN
Blinks It indicates that the LAN carries data traffic. This is normal.
ACT

4.2.4 Checking Line Conditions

Contrast current data with historic records and with the parameters of the neighboring
line parameters to find out the cause for the fault.
z Contrast the subscriber line test data with that tested in the past to see if there is
any change. Data involved mainly includes: Ca-b, Ra-gnd, Rb-gnd, Ca-gnd,
Cb-gnd, and loop resistance.
z Contrast the connection parameters of the port read on the MA5600 with the data
recorded last time. Pay attention to comparison of upstream/downstream channel
attenuation values.

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z Contrast the connection parameters with the neighboring lines. The key point is to
see whether the difference between the channel attenuation values is more than 5
dB. If yes, it indicates that the line is in trouble.

4.2.5 Checking the MA5600

Check:
z The MA5600 hardware, including the board states, port states, and system
running states.
z Whether the configuration data is correct, including the traffic profiles, line profiles,
and port rates.

4.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device

If no fault has been found till now, maybe the upper layer device is faulty. Then, check
the running state and configuration data of the upper layer device. Especially, check
whether the upper layer interface matches the MA5600.

4.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults

ADSL service faults that frequently occur include the following:


z The user can neither make a phone call, nor access the Internet.
z The user can make a phone call, but cannot access the Internet.
z The Internet access rate is slow.
z The user gets offline from time to time when surfing the Internet.
The following introduces how to analyze and remove these faults.

4.3.1 Failure to Make a Phone Call and Accessing the Internet

The fault is generally caused by poor line conditions.

Follow the steps below to handle these faults:


1) Test the subscriber lines for troubleshooting.
2) Check whether the POTS services have returned to normal.
3) Check whether the Internet access services have returned to normal.

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4.3.2 Success in Making a Phone Call, but Failure to Access the Internet

The faults of this category are complicated. They may be related to all devices in the
whole networks.

When such a fault occurs, the maintenance personnel may find the fault point through
learning the operating state of the equipment at the user end, and through querying the
related information in the NMS.

Follow the procedures below.

Procedure 1

Check whether the Modem is normal.

For details, refer to “4.2.3 Checking the Modem”.

Procedure 2

Check whether the line conditions are normal.

For details, refer to “4.2.4 Checking Line Conditions”.

Procedure 3

If the user still cannot access the Internet, it can be judged that the fault may occur on
the equipment at the user end, the upstream port, or the fault is caused by the user's
improper operation. Then, locate and remove the fault according to the following steps.
1) The fault of connection between the user and the ADSL Modem
z Check whether the user's POTS services are normal.
z Check whether the ADSL Modem is started normally. If the ADSL Modem's
power-on startup is abnormal, cut off the power and then restart the Modem.
2) Method for locating the fault for a user with a stationary IP address
If a user uses a stationary IP address, and access the Internet in 1483B or IPoA mode,
Ping the gateway to judge the cause for the Internet access fault.
z If the user can ping the gateway successfully, but still cannot access the Internet, it
can be basically judged that the fault occurs on the upper layer equipment of the
MA5600, the access server, or the router.
z If the user cannot ping the gateway, the fault may occur on the MA5600, the PC
settings, or the ADSL line.
3) Method for locating the fault for a user in PPPoE dialup access mode
z Observe whether the user can reach the PPPoE authentication stage. If the user
can reach the stage, but the authentication fails, or the authentication succeeds
but the user still cannot access the Internet normally, it can be judged that the fault
occurs on the access server.

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z If the PPPoE authentication succeeds, the user still cannot visit a website. When
visiting another website, the user still fails. In such a case, the fault occurs on the
access server or the websites.
z If the user fails to start normal PPPoE dialup, it can be judged that the user’s dialup
software is faulty. Re-install the dialup software, and make the PC settings correct.
The key points in PC settings are whether the TCP/IP attribute setting is correct,
whether the dialup account format and password are correct, and whether the
dialup software is installed correctly.
z If the user cannot log in to the access server, the fault may occur on the MA5600,
the PC settings, the ADSL line, and so on.

4.3.3 Low Internet Access rate

Follow the steps below to handle the fault:


1) Analyze the fault phenomenon.
If the Internet access rate is slow (lower than 60 kbit/s) all along, it can be
generally judged that the line is faulty. You can query through the NMS the
physical connection rate, whether the port rate is restricted, and the range of port
rate restriction. If the Internet access rate has reached the restricted port rate, the
fault may be caused by port rate restriction.

If the physical connection rate is relatively high, the fault is unrelated to the line
conditions. It may be because that the port capacity of the broadband access
server is not expanded.

If the line is short, but the Internet access rate still cannot reach up to 2 Mbit/s,
query through the NMS the port’s physical connection rate and line attenuation.
2) Check the interleaved depth.
If the physical connection rate reaches 2 Mbit/s or the restricted rate, it indicates
that the line is normal. Then, query the interleaved depth settings. If the
interleaved depth is 64, the FTP file transmission rate can only reach up to 1.5
Mbit/s due to restriction of TCP/IP Protocol.
3) Query the physical connection rate.
Query through the NMS the port’s physical connection rate. If the difference
between the physical connection rate and the file transmission rate is large, but
the physical connection rate is normal, it can be generally judged that the
upstream interface rate encounters bottleneck.

You can check when traffic suppression such as CAR and PVC-based traffic
control is enabled.
4) Check other causes.

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In addition, relatively long line, large line noise, or bad quality of service cables
may also cause the fault.

4.3.4 Frequent Offline Problems in Accessing the Internet

The Internet access is not stable, and the user gets offline from time to time when
surfing the Internet. This fault is generally caused by bad line conditions, relatively long
line, or loose contact of line.

Then, follow the steps below to locate and handle this fault:
1) Judge whether the line is longer than 3 km. If yes, maybe relatively long line
causes the fault. Also, check whether the neighboring ADSL users encounter such
fault.
2) Check whether other devices are installed in front of the Modem. Remove these
devices, if any.
3) Check whether the splitter is installed correctly.
4) Check whether the user is making a phone call or using other household
appliances when the user gets offline.
5) Check whether the connectors of service cables and telephone lines are of good
contact. Check the quality of the service cables.
6) Check the connection restriction set on the MA5600.
7) Check the connection parameters of the port on the MA5600.
8) Test loop-line using the subscriber line test terminal to analyze the test data.

4.4 Case Study

The following provides some fault cases.

4.4.1 Success in Accessing the Internet Without Buzz in the Telephone

[Fault description]

The MA5600 ADSL services have been provisioned for a user, but the user reports that
the telephone has no buzz, but he/she can access the Internet.

[Fault analysis]

The user's success in accessing the Internet indicates that the channel of the LINE port
is normal. The telephone's having no buzz indicates that the channel between the
PSTN port and the LINE port is faulty. The faults of this category are mainly caused by
improper engineering.

[Troubleshooting]

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1) Check whether the internal plate has buzz. Connect the buzz line to the jumper
terminal. It is found through the test with the telephone receiver that the cabling
terminal has buzz but the jumper terminal has no. So, it can be judged that the
terminal board is faulty. Connect the buzz line to the cabling terminal, and then the
fault is removed.
2) If the internal plate has no buzz, open the plate, and then check whether the wiring
is correct. As a result, line a and line b are not connected well. Connect them
correctly, and then the fault is removed.
3) If the internal plate has buzz, and the wiring is good, then check the port’s
corresponding connector pins on the ADSL board of the MA5600. It is found that
the pins are curved. Rectify the pins, and then the fault is removed.
4) If the connector pins of the ADSL or SPL board are normal, test with the telephone
receiver whether the cable connector at the MA5600 side has buzz. If there is no
buzz, short circuit the peer end line a and line b, and then use the multimeter to
measure the line to judge whether there exists broken circuit or crossing. If there is
any broken circuit or crossing, it may be caused by unreliable wire clamping.
5) If the cables are normal, replace the ADSL board to judge whether the ADSL
board is faulty.

4.4.2 Failure to Access the Internet with Buzz in the Telephone

[Fault description]

The MA5600 ADSL services have been provisioned for a user, but the user reports that
the telephone has buzz, but he/she fails to access the Internet.

[Fault analysis]

First, query the state of the “ADSL Link” LED on the ADSL Modem

If the “ADSL Link” LED is always on, it indicates that the Modem has been activated. In
such a case, the fault may lie in the user’s dialup software or PC settings. If the “ADSL
Link” LED blinks rapidly, it indicates that the Modem has not been activated. Then, the
fault may lie in the hardware.

[Troubleshooting]

The troubleshooting measures are different since the Modem may be in different
states.
1) If the Modem is activated, check whether the user’s dialup software is installed
correctly, and whether the settings of the user's PC are correct.
2) When the Modem is not activated, first check the state of the corresponding ADSL
port. If the port is in blocked state, unblock and activate it. If the port is in
deactivated state, activate it. If the fault is still not removed, then check the
hardware. The methods are as follows.

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z Check connector pins of the user cables. Rectify the curved connector pins, if any.
z Pull out and then insert the ADSL board to check whether contact between the
board and the backplane of the MA5600 is firm.
z If the fault is still not removed after the ADSL board is pulled out and then inserted,
replace a normal ADSL board for the test.

4.4.3 ATU-R Easily Deactivated in Making a Phone Call

[Fault description]

When a phone call comes or the user presses hookflash of the telephone set, the
ATU-R is deactivated.

[Fault analysis]

Why the ATU-R is deactivated is related to Modem faults and line faults. In this case,
the ringing or pressing affects the Modem, resulting in the fault. From the fault, it can be
seen that the line at the user side is not standard, and must be checked.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Replace the ATU-R, but the fault is not removed. So, the ATU-R is normal.
2) Disconnect the subscriber line of the user, and simulate effect on the activated
ATU-R by the telephone set at the MDF in the equipment room. As a result, the
Modem is not deactivated.
3) Duplicate the said simulation at the MDF at the user side. As a result, the ATU-R is
not deactivated.
4) It can be judged that user’s indoor wiring is wrong. Check the leading-in box in the
user's house, and find that the white one of a pair of telephone lines is
misconnected. That is to say, the grounding cable is hanging in the air. This is the
cause why the ADSL line is deactivated from time to time. Reconnect the leadin,
and then the fault is removed.

4.4.4 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Inconsistent Software &


Hardware Settings of Network Card

[Fault description]

An ADSL user gets access to the Internet but the Internet access rate is slow. The
download rate is just about 1 kbit/s or even slower sometimes. The user restarts the PC,
but the problem still exists. The user sends Ping packets, but found some packets are
lost.

[Fault analysis]

In general, why the ADSL user’s Internet access rate is slow is related to:
1) The user's PC settings

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Problems related to PC settings mainly include:


z PC configuration is substandard.
z The computer system is in fault.
z The software and hardware settings of the PC’s network card are inconsistent.
2) ADSL Modem related troubles
Sometimes, low-quality ADSL Modem or bad cooperation with the MA5600 will cause
low-speed Internet access.
3) Physical line troubles
Low-quality telephone lines will cause loss of data packets.
4) Incorrect setting of the bandwidth for the port on the MA5600
If the bandwidth for the port at the MA5600 side is small, the user’s Internet access rate
will be affected.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Use another PC for a test.
Loss of packets is not found. The user accesses the Internet normally, and the
downloading speed is about 150 kbit/s. Moreover, the user can enjoy smooth Video on
Demand (VOD) services. So, it can be deduced that the fault is related to the user’s PC.
2) Check the user’s PC.
z Check the settings of the user’s PC
The user’s PC settings: Pentium II-750MHZ/256MRAM/Legend 10M/100M triad
adaptive network card.

The settings are not substandard, so the fault is not related to PC settings.
z Check the user’s computer system
The user’s computer system was reinstalled a short period ago. So, the fault is not
caused by long-term use of the computer system.
z Check the software and hardware settings of the user’s PC
The network card rate is set to 10 Mbit/s by the user, and other settings are normal.
Restart the PC, but the fault is not removed. It is learnt from the user that this network
card is a new network card replaced after the computer system is reinstalled. Because
the new network card is of the same type as the old one, the user did not reinstall the
driver for the new one.

However, the rate of the new network card was set to 10M/100M self-adaptation by
default, and the user set the computer system's network card rate to 10 Mbit/s. In such
a case, the system’s network card rate settings are not consistent with rate settings of
the network card hardware.

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Set the computer system’s network card rate to 10M/100M self-adaptation, and then
restart the computer. Then, the user can access the Internet normally and enjoy smooth
Video on Demand (VoD) services.

4.4.5 Failure to Activate the Modem Caused by Wrong Wiring of Subscriber


Lines

[Fault description]

Complete the data configuration at the central office end of the MA5600, as well as
connection of the ADSL port, ADSL Modem, PC, and subscriber lines, and then debug
the ADSL services of 0 kilometer at the near end.

Through debugging, it is found that the “ADSL Link” LED on the ADSL Modem blinks all
the time, which indicates that the line cannot be activated. The corresponding ADSL
port on the MA5600 is in “Activating" state.

[Fault analysis]

Since the debugging is just 0 kilometer away from the ATU-C, so the fault is not related
to the line length. So, in general, wrong connection of lines causes failure to activate
the Modem.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check the ATU-R and the ATU-C data configurations, and confirm that these
configurations are correct.
2) Check the connections between the subscriber lines and the MDF, and confirm
that the connections are correct.
3) Check the line connections of the ADSL board and the SPL board, and found that
engineers directly connected the subscriber lines to the ADSL port on the ADSL
board. According to engineering standards, the subscriber lines must be
connected to the LINE port on the SPL board. The ADSL port on the ADSL board
is connected to the ADSL port on the SPL board with ADL-SPL cable.
4) Reconnect the lines according to engineering standards, it is found that the "ADSL
Link” on the ADSL Modem is always on. It is found through the NMS that the port is
activated.
5) Access the Internet in dialup mode through the PC for a test, and find that the
ADSL services are normal.

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4.4.6 Frequent Internet Surfing Interruptions Caused by Wrong Wiring of


SPL board

[Fault description]

An ADSL user gets offline frequently when surfing the Internet. The ATU-R and ATU-C
wiring is correct, and the line quality is high. Replace the ATU-R, but the fault is still not
removed.

[Fault analysis]

Through analysis, it is found that the connections between the cables and the boards
are not checked. After the cables are pulled out, it is found that the connector pins
corresponding to the LINE, PSTN, and ADSL cables are obviously deviated. This is the
cause for line instability.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Set right the pins of cables and then insert them, and find that the user does not
get offline frequently.
2) However, when the user makes or answers a phone call, he gets offline
sometimes (probability: 50%). Change an ADSL port, and the user's Internet
surfing is firmly stable.

4.4.7 Failure to Activate ATU-R Caused by Wrong Wiring of SPL Board

[Fault description]

The ADSL services are provisioned for a user, but the user’s ATU-R cannot be
activated.

[Fault analysis]

If the wires from the PSTN port and the LINE port on the SPL board are misconnected
each other, the POTS services are normal, but the ATU-R cannot be activated.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check data and find no problem.
2) Do a test on the MDF, and the ATU-R still cannot be activated, but the telephone's
dial tone is normal. Then, this indicates that the line is activated. Why the ATU-R
cannot be activated may be because the line between the MDF and the MA5600 is
in bad conditions, or is connected wrong.
3) Check the wires from the PSTN and the LINE on the SPL board, and find that
these wires are misconnected each other. Exchange the connectors, and then the
ATU-R can be activated normally.

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4.4.8 Noise to Telephone Caused by High Frequency Interfering Sources

[Fault description]

An ADSL user can access the Internet normally, but finds serious noise in the
telephone when he makes a phone call.

[Fault analysis]

The telephone noise is caused by the following factors.


z The splitter is in trouble.
z The output frequencies are high at the access network side, or the output
impedance does not match.
z There is a high frequency interfering source near the ADSL line.
In this case, the power cabinet is near to the MA5600, and the wiring of subscriber
cables is near the power cabinet. Thus, the interference is generated, causing noise to
the telephone. Use a cable in front of the MA5600 to connect the MA5600 to the MDF,
so as to avoid such high frequency interference.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check the splitter and find no problem, but the telephone still has noise.
2) Change the telephone, but the new telephone still has noise.
3) When a phone call is answered directly at the access network side, there is no
noise. But when the ADSL board is connected with the cable, the noise is
generated. Replace the ADSL board, but there still exists noise.
4) Through investigation, it is found that there is a power cabinet near the MA5600.
Maybe the strong interference from it causes noise to the telephone.
5) Disconnect connectors to the LINE and PSTN ports on the MA5600, and do a test
on the MDF, but the noise still exists. Disconnect the PSTN wire in the interior of
the MDF, and then connect the MA5600 to the interior of the MDF using a cable.
Then, the fault is removed.

4.4.9 Failure to Display Caller ID on the ADSL User’s Telephone

[Fault description]

The Caller ID Display (CID) service has been provisioned to ADSL users, but they
report that the caller ID cannot be displayed.

[Fault analysis]

Because the ADSL users can access the Internet normally, the problems related to high
frequency signals can be excluded. Because the frequency range set for the splitters
and the local signal frequency range do not match, the low frequency signals are in

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fault. After the frequency range of the splitters is expanded, the caller ID can be
displayed on the telephone.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check whether the splitters are used in these user’s houses. Through site
inspection, it is found that the splitters of the same brand are used in these users'
houses.
2) Check the indoor wiring of these users. Through site inspection, it is found that the
telephones are all correctly connected with the splitters.
3) Do a test on the MDF. It is found that the caller ID cannot be displayed when the
splitter is connected; if the splitter is disconnected, the caller ID can be displayed.
Then, maybe the splitters of this brand are faulty.
4) Through a site test, it is found that the frequency range of the splitters is not the
same as that of the corresponding office. So, the splitters of this brand cannot be
used. Expand the frequency range of splitters of this brand, and then the fault is
removed.

4.4.10 Noise to the Telephone During a Phone Call Caused by Wrong Wiring
on MDF

[Fault description]

Networking: MA5600 provides ADSL services.

After several months when the networking equipment works, the maintenance
personnel report: when a user makes a phone call, the telephone has noise. When the
user does not get access to the Internet, he can make a phone call normally. But when
he makes a phone call during Internet access, the telephone has noise.

[Fault analysis]
z The noise in the telephone when the user makes a phone call is caused by
interfering signals mixed into voice signals. In this case, the user can make a
phone call normally when he does not access to the Internet; but when he makes a
phone call during Internet access, he hears noise in the telephone. This indicates
that Internet access causes interfering signals to voice signals. Then, the fault can
be located after checking where the interfering signals come from.
z If at the beginning, the user can access the Internet and make a phone call
normally, but abnormalities emerge after a period of time, this indicates that some
parts are damaged, or cable connections are changed, thus causing the fault.
z First, check the splitter. Maybe the low filtering quality of the splitter causes high
frequency data signals’ intrusion into the telephone.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Replace the splitter in the user’s house, but the fault is still not removed. This
indicates that the splitter is normal, and the noise is not high frequency data signal.

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Because for a normal splitter, its low-pass filter has high impedance against high
frequency signals, so the high frequency signals cannot pass through the low
frequency interface.
2) Check the connection of the service cables and find no problem.
3) Change the user’s telephone, but the fault is still not removed. If the characteristic
impedance of the telephone and that of the cable do not match, signals may be
reflected, causing noise.
4) Do the wiring test on the vertical MDF, but the fault still exists.
5) Do the wiring test on the horizontal ADSL terminal board, and find that Internet
access is normal but making a phone call fails. This indicates that the low
frequency voice signals do not pass, and the wiring is faulty.
6) Check the wiring of the terminal board, and find that the jumper between the
vertical MDF and the vertical MDF of the original switch is not removed. Correct
the wiring, and then the fault is removed.

4.4.11 Faults Caused by Incorrect Settings of ADSL Port Parameters

I. Low Internet access rate caused by incorrect ADSL channel mode

[Fault description]

The subscriber lines from the ADSL board on the MA5600 are connected to the ATU-R,
providing ADSL high-speed broadband access services. But during debugging, it is
found that the Internet access rate is low.

[Fault analysis]

Ping PC1 from the PC connected to the ATU-R of the second MA5600 with default 32
bytes of data, and find that the time delay is about 41ms.

Obviously, the time is produced by the MA5600.

[Troubleshooting]

Check the port configuration data of the ADSL board, and change the ADSL channel
mode from interleaved mode to fast mode. Then, the time delay is 7ms and the fault is
removed now.

[Conclusion]

An ADSL port can work in interleaved mode or fast mode. The fast mode is free from
interleaving and deinterleaving process, so the time delay can be reduced. For delay
sensitive ADSL services, the fast mode is recommended.

II. Downstream rate affected by low upstream rate

[Fault description]

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The downstream rate is low.

[Fault analysis]

When there are a relatively large number of users in a local area network (LAN) through
only one ADSL Modem, or these users open a number of network applications, the
number of TCP Sessions are large. In such a case, a number of TCP receivers send
“confirmation" packets at the same time, causing congestion and delay in upstream.
Then, the senders send TCP packets again. Based on these factors, the actual
downloading speed is very slow. It is recommended that you set the upstream rate to
128 kbit/s or higher.

[Troubleshooting]

Check the port parameters, and find that the upstream rate of the port on the ADSL
board of the MA5600 is 64 kbit/s, and the downstream rate is 960 kbit/s. Change the
upstream rate to 256 kbit/s, and then the downstream rate is normal.

III. PPPoE/oA service interruption caused by improper interleaved depth

[Fault description]

The ADSL PPPoE/oA users of the MA5600 are authenticated for access to the Internet
on the upper layer BRAS. Some users report that they often get offline, but can access
the Internet through dialup once again after they get offline.

[Fault analysis]
z Through site investigation, the said fault is confirmed. In addition, during the said
period, the Modem is not deactivated.
z Some users select the Modem + HUB + PC networking mode. Maybe the HUB is
blocked in case of large amount of data exchange. But the fault is still not removed
when the HUB is replaced.
z Maybe high occupation rate of the CPU of the BRAS causes the fault. But it is
queried that the CPU occupation rate is only 19% in trace mode. So, this
possibility is excluded.
z Check the data configuration of the MA5600, and find that the port operating mode
is interleaved and the interleaved depth is 64. During site monitoring, it is found
that the pinging packets are jittered regularly. That is to say, a pinging packet with
relatively long delay occurs after 7–8 packets.
In PPPoE/oA mode, the BRAS sends PPP ECHO packets to the client software at
intervals to check whether the PPP users exist. If there is no response after the
BRAS has sent PPP ECHO packets for certain times, the BRAS disconnects the
user. Maybe the interleaved depth is too large, so the PPP ECHO packets sent
from the BRAS to the client software are lost, and then the BRAS disconnects the
user. Change the interleaved depth to 16, and then find that the fault is abated.

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[Troubleshooting]
1) Set the interleaved depth to 16. Through monitoring, it is found that the count of
service interruptions is decreased.
2) Set the interleaved depth to 8. Through a long period of monitoring, it is found that
the fault is removed.

IV. Parameter settings adjustment to boost Internet access rate or line stability

[Fault description]

A majority of ADSL users of an office can access the Internet at the rates of up to
100–200 kbit/s. But the furthest user of this office accesses the Internet at the rate of up
to 12 kbit/s. The distance between this user and the MA5600 is 3 km.

[Fault analysis]

Why the training rate is high but the actual rate is low is generally because the distance
is long, the loop resistance is large, and the SNR margin is large.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check the line, and find no problem.
2) Check the port, and find the training rate in downstream is 6144 kbit/s, and the
actual rate is 1024 kbit/s. Change the training rate to 8000 kbit/s, and train the port
again. The actual downstream rate is changed to 1152 kbit/s, but the Internet
access rate is still about 10 kbit/s.
3) Check the ADSL port parameter settings, and find that the user selects the
interleaved mode, and set the maximum/minimum SNR margin to 14/0.
4) It is found from alarm records that other ports are deactivated occasionally, but
this port is never deactivated.
5) Change the channel mode to “fast”, and the Internet access rate is increased to
about 20 kbit/s.
6) Change the maximum SNR margin to 8, and do not change the minimum SNR
margin, and train the port again. The port works stably, and the Internet access
rate is increased fast. Change the maximum/minimum SNR margin to 4/0. The
port works stably, and the Internet access rate reaches up to 130 kbit/s. The fault
is removed.
[Conclusion]
z Change the channel mode to “fast”, and then the Internet surfing speed is always
doubled. Because in fast mode, the cell modulation and error correcting methods
are simpler than those in interleaved mode, the transmission delay in fast mode is
much shorter than that in interleaved mode.
z Increasing the SNR margin will lower the rate, but will improve the
anti-interference capabilities and boost the stability. In a similar way, decreasing

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the SNR margin will increase the rate, but will reduce the anti-interference
capabilities, and may cause instability to the ATU-R.
z In actual applications, if the line conditions are good, lower the SNR margin to
increase the rate.

4.4.12 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Virus-affected PC

[Fault description]

An ADSL user reports that his Internet access rate in ADSL mode is very low, and even
sometimes it is lower than that in dialup mode.

[Fault analysis]

It is difficult to locate such a fault, but you can still locate in the following order: from the
upper layer device to the MA5600, to the ADSL line, to the ADSL Modem, and then to
the PC.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Use the user’s PC to download files, but the rate is just 4 kbit/s. In order to prove
that the PC is normal, connect the portable PC to a port on the upper layer switch.
The downloading rate reaches up to 8 Mbit/s.
2) Connect the portable PC to an Ethernet port on the MA5600, and then the
downloading rate approaches 8 Mbit/s.
3) Check the traffic of the ADSL port on the MA5600, and find that the cell flow in
upstream approximates that in downstream. This indicates that the
communication channel between the MA5600 and the upper layer switch is
normal. The fault may lie in subscriber lines.
4) Check the subscriber lines and the ADSL Modem, and find no problem. The fault
may occur on the user’s PC.
5) The PC configuration is standard, and the network card configuration is correct.
Then, maybe there exists virus causing the fault. Use the antivirus software, and
then find that the PC has been infected with virus seriously. In total, more than 250
viruses are killed.
6) But after all the viruses are killed, the rate is still not satisfactory. Reinstall the
driver for the network card, and the rate reaches up to 400 kbit/s. The fault is
removed.
[Conclusion]

Because the user’s PC is infected with virus, the performance of the PC and network
card is lowered. In such a case, they cannot process a large amount of data traffic, thus
causing low Internet access rate.

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4.4.13 Success in PPPoE Dialup but Failure in Internet Access

[Fault description]

An office provides ADSL services through the MA5600. A user succeeds in dialup with
PPPoE dialup software. Then, the addresses and DNS messages allocated can be
seen from the PPPoE window, but the user cannot access the Internet. He cannot ping
any IP address outside of the network.

[Fault analysis]
z The services fail, but the PPPoE connection succeeds. This indicates that
communication channel between the terminal and the BRAS is normal.
z First, check the BRAS port. If the same fault occurs on other points, maybe the
BRAS port is faulty.
z If this is a single-point fault, check whether there exists such software as PROXY
that affects the PPPoE software.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Through detection, it is found that other services are normal. This indicates that
Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS) port is normal.
2) Check the terminal, and the PPPoE window indicates that the address allocation
has been performed correctly. But it is found through Winipcfg that the IP
addresses of the PC and the gateway are both 0.0.0.0. The PC is not installed with
other network software.
3) Change the PC, and perform the PPPoE dialup, and find that the services are
returned to normal.

4.4.14 Failure to Pass Authentication with Correct PPPoE Username and


Password

[Fault description]

An ADSL user uses correct username and password, and performs PPPoE dialup for
Internet access authentication. The dialup software prompts an alarm “authentication
fail”. The user performs the dialup again after an hour, and passes the authentication.
Then, he can access the Internet.

[Fault analysis]

Restrict the number of persons who can use the account at the same time at the
RADIUS Server side. Also, the time for checking the account of the user who is
disconnected abnormally can be set.

In this case, the number of persons who can use the account at the RADIUS Server
side is set to 1, and the update information checking time is long. So, when the user
accesses the Internet, but gets offline abnormally in case the PC fails or due to other

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causes, the Server still keeps the account's Internet access information. When the user
performs dialup for Internet access again, the Server deems his access as
unauthorized access (the number of persons who use the account at the same time is
more than 1) since it keeps the account’s information.

So, the dialup fails, and the alarm "authentication fail” prompts. But when the set
update time is exceeded, the Server will automatically stop the account’s Internet
access process if failing to receive any Internet access information from the user. Then,
after another dialup, the user can pass authentication.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Suspend the account’s Internet access process manually at the RADIUS Server
side.
2) Increase the number of persons who can use this account at the same time in the
attributes of the account at the RADIUS Server side.
3) Shorten the user information update time at the RADIUS Server, for example, 5
minutes.

4.4.15 Failure in Internet Access Caused by DNS Faults

[Fault description]

An ADSL user reports that he cannot get access to the Internet.

[Fault analysis]
z Observe whether the ATU-R is deactivated. It is found that the ATU-R is not
deactivated.
z Ping the gateway, and find no problem.
z Ping the DNS server, and find no problem.
z Change the PC, but the fault is still not removed.
z Directly enter the IP address of a website, and it is found that the website can be
visited. Then, it can be basically judged that the DNS server is faulty.
[Troubleshooting]

It is learnt that the DNSs and ADSL users of other points are normal. Replace the DNS
Server of this point by a new one, and then the fault is removed.

[Conclusion]

When an ADSL user does not get offline, and can ping the IP address of a website,
compare carefully this user’s PC settings with those of other computers to find out the
cause.

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4.4.16 Relatively Long Delays for Some Packets in Pinging the Gateway

[Fault description]

An ADSL user can get access to the Internet normally. When he pings the gateway, he
finds that the time delay of one among 7 packets is relatively long. For example, the
time delay for the first six packets is 40ms, but that for the seventh is 140ms.

This phenomenon occurs regularly.

[Fault analysis]

The ATU-R of the ADSL user checks the line conditions from time to time. In such a
case, when checking line conditions, the ATU-R software first stores the user data in
the buffer, and then sends them out. This is the reason why the time delay for some
ping packets is relatively long. This is a normal phenomenon.

[Troubleshooting]

This is normal. There is no trouble to be handled.

4.4.17 Loss of Packets and Low Internet Access Rates Caused by Wrong
Connection of Network Cable for HUB

[Fault description]

After the ADSL services are provisioned to an Internet cafe user, the user reports that
the Internet access rate is low, a number of packets are lost, and he gets offline from
time to time. At the Internet cafe, ping public network IP addresses from the PC in the
cafe, and find that a number of packets are lost. The loss rate is about 40–50%.

[Fault analysis]

In general, the UPLINK ports on the HUB are ports for subtending upper end equipment,
such as the router, the ATU-R, or the upper end HUB. They cannot be connected to a
common PC. Otherwise, faults may occur.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Check data configuration, and find no problem.
2) Remove the HUB under the ATU-R, and directly connect the PC to the ATU-R.
Then, pinging public network IP addresses is normal. Based on these facts, the
fault may occur on the HUB.
3) Check the HUB in use, and find there are two UPLINK ports on the HUB. One
UPLINK port is connected to the ATU-R, and the other one is connected to a PC
for Internet access. Pull out the common cable connected to the PC for Internet
access, and the packet loss rate is decreased to 0, and the Internet access rate is
increased rapidly.

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4.4.18 Failure to Log in to the ADSL Modem Through Internet Explorer (IE)

I. Failure to log in to the ADSL Modem caused by the ARP Cache that is not
refreshed

[Fault description]

When the host software of the ADSL Modem is upgraded, the failure is found in logging
in to ADSL Modems through IE. The IP address of the ADSL Modem is 192.168.1.1.

[Fault analysis]

All the hosts in the network have ARP Cache. The ARP Cache stores the records of
mapping from the IP addresses visited recently to hardware MAC addresses. The time
to live for every record in the Cache is 20 minutes in general, starting from creation.

When the IP address 192.168.1.1 is entered in the address bar of IE, the system needs
to query the physical address corresponding to this IP address. If there is the
corresponding record in the Cache, the MAC address can be visited directly. If there is
no, the broadcast packets are sent to the MAC addresses corresponding the
192.168.1.1.

When logging in to the first Modem, the user succeeds since there is no mapping
record in the Cache ad the MAC address can be obtained through broadcast packets.
When logging in to another Modem, the user fails since the mapping record exists in the
Cache, and then the system will log in to the second Modem according to the MAC
address (of the first Modem) in the mapping record. After the mapping record of
192.168.1.1 is deleted from the Cache or aged, the login succeeds.

[Troubleshooting]

In DOS mode, execute:


arp -a , /*View arp records*/
arp -d 192.168.1.1, /*Delete 192.168.1.1 resolution record*/
ping 192.168.1.1. /*Request the Modem to inform the MAC address*/

Go back to Windows mode, and enter 192.168.1.1 in the address bar of the IE. The
fault is removed.

II. Failure to log in to the ADSL Modem caused by incorrect installation of IE

[Fault description]

Enter the IP address of the Modem in the address bar of IE, a block diagram appears,
but there is no interface for inputting the password. IE has no response, so it fails to
operate the Modem.

[Fault analysis]

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The interfaces for logging in to some ADSL Modems are programmed with JAVA
SCRIPT. To log in to the Modem, execute JAVA SCRIPT. In default install mode of IE5.5,
the JAVA option is not selected, so it fails to log in to the Modem. Reinstall IE, and select
full install.

[Troubleshooting]

Replace the Modem, but the fault is still not removed. Change the PC, the fault is
removed.

When logging in to the Modem from the original PC again, the maintenance personnel
find that the status bar of IE prompts that the system has no response after reading
JAVE SCRIPT. Uninstall IE (5.5) and reinstall it. Select default install. But it still fails to
log in to the Modem. Uninstall IE again and then reinstall it. Select full install. Then, the
fault is removed.

4.4.19 Frequent Service Interruptions Caused to the User with a Stationary


IP Address

[Fault description]

A group of ADSL users with IP addresses get offline frequently after the ADSL services
are provisioned for them. When a user gets offline, the ADSL LINK LED of the ATU-R is
always on. When the user pings the gateway, no packet is lost. When he pings DNS,
about 80% packets are lost. The user fails to access the Internet. After about 20
minutes, he can browse web pages again.

[Fault analysis]

When using stationary IP addresses for Internet access, make sure the IP address of
the PC’s gateway is different from that of he ATU-R. Otherwise, faults frequently occur
in forwarding of IP packets.

[Troubleshooting]
1) Ping the DNS through the MA5600 and find no problem. This indicates that the
DNS is normal.
2) Then, the gateway is suspected to be the cause of the trouble. Re-set the IP
address of the gateway, and then the fault is removed. Through a test, it is found
that the fault occurs when the network segment 192.168.1.1/24–192.168.1.1 is
used as the gateway. It is found through querying the IP address of the ATU-R that
the ATU-R’s IP address is 192.168.1.1. The two IP addresses conflict.
3) Set the IP address of the gateway and then the fault is removed.

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4.4.20 Negative Downstream Channel SNR Margin

[Fault description]

The downstream channel SNR margin negotiated by an ADSL port of the MA5600 with
the ADSL modem is negative (–26 dB).

[Fault analysis]

The bits to be allocated are calculated according to the channel's SNR during the
training process, and the left SNR is the SNR margin. The bits allocated to each
sub-channel are not changed if the SNR of the sub-channel is changed. During the
operation, if a sub-band has a fixed interfering source, the SNR will be decreased.
Then, the SNR margin may become negative. Even if the SNR margin is negative, the
ADSL services are still normal, and the user does not get offline. But when bit errors are
increased and cannot be corrected, the user may get offline.

For example, the SNR of a sub-channel is 25 dB during the training process, and the
SNR margin is 13 dB. Then, the sub-channel carries 4 bits (3 dB for each bit) of data.
Due to the affect of noise, the SNR decreases to 0 dB, but the sub-channel still carries
4 bits of data. Then, the SNR margin decreases to -13 dB (4 bit). Bit errors are
generated, but can be corrected.

[Troubleshooting]

This is normal. There is no trouble to be handled. However, if the SNR margin is


negative for a long period of time, check the line.

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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting SHDSL Services

This chapter introduces how to troubleshoot SHDSL services, including:


z Introduction to SHDSL Technology, on Page 5-1
z Fault Locating Process, on Page 5-3
z Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults, on Page 5-6
z Case Study, on Page 5-8

5.1 Introduction to SHDSL Technology

5.1.1 Features of SHDSL

Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line (SHDSL) is a new kind of symmetrical


digital subscriber line technology developed from HDSL, SDSL and HDSL. It complies
with the ITU-T Recommendation G.991.2.

SHDSL provides a symmetrical transmission rate of 2312 kbit/s, with the transmission
distance from 3 km to 6 km. It is widely used for high-speed data service access, and
can extend the E1/T1 lines.

SHDSL features:
z High symmetric rates
z Strong anti-interference capability
z Long transmission distance
With such features, SHDSL will play an important role in the future among three DSL
technologies (SHDSL, VDSL, and SHDSL).

5.1.2 Technical Specifications

Table 5-1 lists technical specifications of SHDSL.

Table 5-1 Technical specifications of SHDSL

Maximum transmission Maximum transmission Longest transmission


rate in upstream rate in downstream distance
2312 bit/s 2312 bit/s 6m

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5.1.3 Reference Model

There are two types of SHDSL modes, TDM-based and ATM-based. In these two
modes, TDM signals and ATM signals are converted to SHDSL signals.

Figure 5-1 is the reference model of SHDSL, consisting of the STU-C and the STU-R.
The interface at the SHDSL line side is connected with the copper telephone twisted
pair. If enhanced transmission range is required, one or more SHDSL Regenerator
Units (SRU) may be inserted into the loop.

Console

SNI U-C U-R U-C U-R U-C U-R UNI

STU-C SRU STU-R

Line interface Line interface

Figure 5-1 Reference model for SHDSL

5.1.4 SHDSL Services of the MA5600

I. Introduction to Boards

Table 5-2 lists the SHDSL board of the MA5600 to provide ATM-based SHDSL access
services.

Table 5-2 SHDSL board of the MA5600

Board Description Function Port


Supports ATM-based SHDSL
32-port SHDSL
SHEA access, adopts a GE bus, and 32 SHDSL ports
board
supports line protection.

II. Networking

The MA5600 supports IP-DSLAM networking, and thus the MA5600 can connect
SHDSL users to the upper layer IP network.

See Figure 5-2.

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IP

FE/GE

MA5600

SHDSL业务
SHDSL service SHDSL
SHDSL
service SHDSL
SHDSL业务
service

Figure 5-2 SHDSL access networking

5.2 Fault Locating Process

5.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart

Start

Locate fault primarily

Check the Modem

Check line conditions

Check the MA5600

Check upper layer device

End

Figure 5-3 Flowchart for locating an SHDSL fault

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5.2.2 Locating a Fault Primarily

Through queries in the NMS, it can be primarily judged where a fault is located, such as
the upper layer equipment, the MA5600, or the equipment at the user end.

The basic concept for primarily locating an SHDSL fault is as follows.


z If the user's Modem is online, and the physical connection rate queried through the
NMS is normal, it can be basically judged that this is not a line fault. The fault may
occur on the upper layer equipment, the MA5600 or the equipment at the user
end.
z If the user can access the Internet occasionally, and the Internet access rate is low,
it can be generally judged that the fault occurs on the upper layer equipment, or
the MA5600.
z If Internet access through a Modem connected to a neighboring port of the faulty
port, and the physical connection rate of the faulty port is normal, it can be
generally judged that the fault is caused by the user's improper use of his/her PC.

5.2.3 Checking the Modem

Note:
The abbreviations of the names of the LEDs on various models of SHDSL Transceiver
Units-Remote end (STU-R, SHDSL Modem) are different. But in general, “Power”,
“WAN”, “LINK/ACT” are included.

Query and record the model of the user’s Modem and the states of the LEDs on the
Modem, and judge whether the Modem is in fault.

The following takes the X3102r Modem of Huawei for example to introduce how to
locate an SHDSL fault by using the states of the LEDs on the SHDSL Modem.

Table 5-3 shows the states of the X3102r Modem and corresponding instructions.

Table 5-3 X3102r Modem states and instructions

LED State Instructions


On It indicates that the power supply is normal.
1) Ensure the power supply connections are
normal.
POWER
Off 2) Ensure the right power adapter is used.
3) If the power supply is normal, replace the
Modem.

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LED State Instructions


It indicates that the SHDSL line is being activated.
Blinks fast
This is normal.
It indicates that the SHDSL line is activated. This
On
is normal.
It indicates that the data traffic is passing through
Blinks
the SHDSL line. This is normal.
Blinks but cannot It indicates that the SHDSL signals are weak.
WAN be on Then, make sure the subscriber line is normal.

1) Ensure the SHDSL line is well connected.


2) Ensure the telephone line before entering the
Off house is valid, and try to test with a
telephone.
3) Make sure the external line is normal.

It indicates that the LAN is correctly connected.


On
This is normal.
It indicates that the LAN carries data traffic. This is
Blinks
normal.
1) Ensure you use the right cable from the
Modem to your PC.

LINK 2) Ensure the connection is secured.


3) Check if the NIC LED lights up.
4) Ensure your Network Adapter works normally
Off
by examining whether the item of
“Networking Adapters” is labeled with “?” or
“!”. If it is, you may delete it and then click
“Refresh” to reinstall. Otherwise, you may try
the NIC in another slot. As a last resort, you
have to replace the NIC.
It indicates that the SHDSL link carries data
ACT Blinks
traffic. This is normal.

5.2.4 Checking Line Conditions

Pay attention to the following points:


z Contrast the subscriber line test data with that tested before the fault to see if there
is any change. Data involved mainly includes: Ca-b, Ra-gnd, Rb-gnd, Ca-gnd,
Cb-gnd, and loop resistance.
z Contrast the connection parameters of the port read on the MA5600 with the data
recorded last time. Pay attention to comparison of upstream/downstream channel
attenuation values.

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z Contrast the connection parameters with the neighboring lines. The key point is to
see whether the difference between the channel attenuation values is more than 5
dB. If yes, it indicates that the line is faulty.

5.2.5 Checking the MA5600

Check:
z The MA5600 hardware, including the board states, port states, and system
running states.
z Whether the configuration data is correct, including the traffic profiles, line profiles,
and port rates.

5.2.6 Checking the Upper Layer Device

If no fault has been found till now, maybe the upper layer device is faulty. Then, check
the running state and configuration data of the upper layer device. Especially, check
whether the upper layer interface matches the MA5600.

5.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults

Network access faults may result from all sets of equipment or links in the broadband
network architecture, including upstream equipment, SHDSL ports on the MA5600 at
central office end, STU-Rs, user PCs, and physical lines.

By checking the states of LEDs on the STU-R, and operation and setting of the user’s
PC, and querying the information through the NMS, you can further locate the fault.

5.3.1 Troubleshooting Based on States of the LEDs on the Modem

For details, refer to “5.2.3 Checking the Modem”.

5.3.2 Comparing with Historic Records and with the Neighboring Line
Parameters

For details, refer to “5.2.4 Checking Line Conditions”.

5.3.3 Line Activation Failure Caused by Incorrect Parameter Settings

For this fault, pay attention to the points below:


z Annex attribute mismatch
The modem adopts Annex A, but the line profile of the MA5600 adopts Annex B.
Modify the Annex attribute in the line profile, and then activate the port again.

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z Line rate mismatch


For example, the Modem rate ranges from 192 kbit/s to 2048 kbit/s. However, both
the maximum and minimum rates in the line profile of the MA5600 are configured
as 2312 kbit/s. Modify the rate in the line profile, and then activate the port again.
z Improper setting of SNR setting in the line profile
Be sure to make a certain difference between the upstream/downstream target
SNR and the worst value in actual application. It is recommended that the former
should be 3–6 dB greater than the latter. You can increase and decrease the target
SNR to find which setting is more suitable for the actual line state.

5.3.4 Troubleshooting User Operations

If the user still cannot access the Internet, it can be judged that the fault may occur on
the equipment at the user end, the upstream port, or the fault is caused by the user's
improper operation.

Then, locate and remove the fault according to the following methods.
1) Method for locating the fault for a user with a stationary IP address
z If the user can ping the gateway successfully, but still cannot access the Internet, it
can be basically judged that the fault occurs on the upper layer equipment of the
MA5600, the access server, or the router.
z If the user cannot ping the gateway, the fault may occur on the MA5600, the PC
settings, the SHDSL line, or the DNS.
2) Method for locating the fault for a user in PPPoE dialup access mode
z Observe whether the user can reach the PPPoE authentication stage. If yes, but
the authentication fails, or the authentication succeeds but the user still cannot
access the Internet normally, it can be judged that the fault occurs on the access
server. It can be queried through the network management center (NMC) whether
other ports are involved in the similar faults.
z If the PPPoE authentication succeeds, but the user still cannot visit any website,
then the fault occurs on the access server or the websites.
z If the user fails to begin normal PPPoE dialup, it can be judged that the user’s
dialup software is faulty. Re-install the dialup software, and make the PC settings
correct. The key points in PC settings are whether the TCP/IP attribute setting is
correct, whether the IP address is obtained automatically, whether the dialup
account format and password are correct, and whether the dialup software is
installed correctly.
z If the user cannot log in to the access server, the fault may occur on the MA5600,
the PC settings, the SHDSL line, and so on.

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5.4 Case Study

There is no case temporarily.

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Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Ethernet Services

This chapter introduces how to troubleshoot Ethernet services, including:


z Introduction to Ethernet Technology, on Page 6-1
z Fault Locating Process, on Page 6-6
z Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults, on Page 6-9
z Case Study, on Page 6-9

6.1 Introduction to Ethernet Technology


6.1.1 Features of LAN

Ethernet is a popular communications technology adopting Carrier Sense Multiple


Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD). It can provide transmission rates of 10
Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, and 1000 Mbit/s. It features strong burst and insensitivity to delay.

6.1.2 Technical Specifications

I. FE electrical port

Table 6-1 Technical specifications of an FE electrical port

Attribute Description
Connector RJ-45 (TPI)
Port rate (Mbit/s) 100 (full duplex)
Maximum reach (m) 100
Standards compliance IEEE 802.3u
Cable category Category-5 twisted pair cable

II. FE single-mode optical port

Table 6-2 Technical specifications of an FE single-mode optical port

Attribute Description
Connector LC

Port rate (Mbit/s) 100 (full duplex)

Maximum reach (km) 15 (over a 9/125 μm single-mode fiber)

Standards compliance IEEE 802.3u


Optical fiber type LD

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Attribute Description
Center wavelength (nm) 1310
Transmit optical power (dBm) –8– –15
Extinction ratio (dB) 8.2
Receiver sensitivity (dBm) –28

III. FE multi-mode optical port

Table 6-3 Technical specifications of an FE multi-mode optical port

Attribute Description
Connector LC

Port rate (Mbit/s) 100 (full duplex)


Maximum reach (km) 2 (over a 62.5/125 µm multi-mode fiber)
Standards compliance IEEE 802.3u

Optical fiber type LD


Center wavelength (nm) 1310
Transmit optical power (dBm) –14– –19

Extinction ratio (dB) 8


Maximum receiver sensitivity (dBm) –30

IV. GE single-mode optical port

Table 6-4 Technical specifications of a GE single-mode optical port

Attribute Description
Connector LC
Port rate (Gbit/s) 1.25

Maximum reach (km) 10 (over a 9/125 μm single-mode fiber)

Standards compliance IEEE 802.3z


Center wavelength (nm) 1300
Transmit optical power (dBm) –9.0– –3.0
Extinction ratio (dB) 9.0
Maximum receiver sensitivity (dBm) –20

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V. GE multi-mode optical port

Table 6-5 Technical specifications of a GE multi-mode optical port

Attribute Description
Connector LC
Port rate (Gbit/s) 1.25

Maximum reach (m) 500 (over a 50/125 μm multi-mode fiber)

Standards compliance IEEE 802.3z


Center wavelength (nm) 850

Transmit optical power (dBm) –9.5– 0


Extinction ratio (dB) 9
Receiver sensitivity (dBm) –17

VI. GE electrical port

Table 6-6 Technical specifications of a GE electrical port

Attribute Description
Connector RJ-45
Port rate (Mbit/s) 1000 (full duplex)
Maximum reach (m) 100
Standards compliance IEEE 802.3ab

6.1.3 Reference Model

Figure 6-1 shows a typical reference model for Ethernet services.

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PC

LAN1 PC HUB

PC
Upper layer
DSLAM
network
PC

LAN2 PC LAN Switch

PC

Figure 6-1 Reference model fro Ethernet service

In this model, several PCs are connected to form LANs based on a certain rule. The
LANs are connected to the digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) through
the HUB or the LAN Switch. The DSLAM transparently transmits Ethernet frames from
the LANs to the upper layer network.

6.1.4 Ethernet Services of the MA5600

I. Introduction to boards and subboards

The FE/GE ports on the SCU board can work as upstream or subtending ports to
provide upstream or subtending services, or as service ports to provide Ethernet
access services.
Table 6-7 lists all the subboards attached on the SCU boards of the MA5600.

Table 6-7 Subboards of the MA5600

Subboard Description
O4GS 4-port GE optical subboard
O2GS 1-/2-port GE optical subboard
E2GA 2-port GE/FE electrical subboard

O2FM 1-/2-port FE optical board


O4FM 4-port FE optical board
E4GFA 4-port GE/FE electrical board

II. Networking

Figure 6-2 shows a network topology of Ethernet services of the MA5600.

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IP

MA5600 GE GE MA5600
S S
C C
U U
FE/GE
FE/GE FE/GE FE/GE FE/GE

LAN Switch HUB HUB HUB HUB

LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 LAN4 LAN5

Figure 6-2 Network topology of Ethernet service

The MA5600 transmits Ethernet service data transparently, and provides private line
based broadband access services for small to medium enterprises that are incapable of
building their private networks or fail to afford costs for the digital data network (DDN).
In this way, these enterprises can interconnect their headquarters and branches
together, and interconnect them and the Internet.
The MA5600 can also transmit service data from downstream to the upper layer
network through the FE/GE ports.

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6.2 Fault Locating Process


6.2.1 Fault Locating Flowchart

Start

Query port state

Check port rate and duplex settings

Check TAG attributes of ports

Check VLAN settings

Check service port

Check port statistics

End

Figure 6-3 Flowchart for locating a Ethernet service fault

6.2.2 Checking Port State

Use the command display port state to query the states of all Ethernet ports on the
SCU board. Especially, check whether the ports are online or offline, and whether these
ports are activated.
MA5600(config-if-scu-0/7)#display port state all
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Port Port Optic Native MDI Speed Duplex Flow- Active Link
Type Status VLAN (Mbps) Control State
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 GE - 1 auto auto_1000 auto_full off active online
1 GE - 1 auto auto_1000 auto_full off active online

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.2.3 Checking Port Rate and Duplex Settings

Check whether the rate and duplex settings for the ports are correct. If one end does
not support auto-negotiation, but the peer end is set to auto-negotiation, the services
may be interrupted from time to time accordingly. Then, set the corresponding Ethernet

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ports as non-auto-negotiation. The both ends must have the same settings. They can
be both auto-negotiation, or they can be both non-auto-negotiation.

6.2.4 Checking Tag Attributes of Ports

Check whether the TAG attributes of the ports are set according to the rules below:
z When the VLAN ID of the Ethernet port is the same as the default VLAN ID (Native
VLAN ID), the packets from the port become untagged packets. That is, the
MA5600 peels the VLAN IDs off the packets.
z When the VLAN ID of the Ethernet port is different from the default VLAN ID
(Native VLAN ID), the packets from the port become tagged packets. That is, the
MA5600 transmits VLAN IDs transparently.

6.2.5 Checking Board VLAN Settings

z Use the command display port vlan to check board VLAN settings, especially
VLAN ID and native VLAN.
MA5600(config)#display port vlan 0/7/1
---------------------------------------
1 10 50 60 61 62
100 101 1000 1001 1002 1003
1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009
---------------------------------------
Total: 18 Native VLAN: 1
z Use the command display vlan to check whether the upstream port and the
virtual service ports included in the VLAN configured for the board are normal.
MA5600(config)#display vlan 1000
VLAN ID: 1000
VLAN type: MUX
VLAN attribute: common
------------------------------
F/S /P Native VLAN State
------------------------------
0/7 /0 1 up
0/7 /1 1 up
------------------------------
Standard port number: 2
------------------------------
Type State F/ S/ P VPI VCI
------------------------------
adl down 0/ 2/ 0 0 35
------------------------------
Service virtual port number: 1

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Note: F--Frame, S--Slot, P--Port(or Virtual Port, such as VLAN ID and


IMA group etc.) The vpi is access-end VLAN ID in vdsl/eau port

6.2.6 Checking Service Port Settings

Use the command display service-port to check whether the settings of the service
port are correct. Especially, check the state of the service port, VLAN ID, and the virtual
service port information.
MA5600(config)#display service-port all
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VLAN ID VLAN-ATTR PORT-TYPE F / S/ P VPI VCI RX TX STATE LABEL
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1300 common shl 0 / 5/ 0 0 35 6 6 up -
1300 common shl 0 / 5/ 1 0 35 6 6 down -
1300 common shl 0 / 5/ 2 0 35 6 6 down -
1300 common shl 0 / 5/ 3 0 35 6 6 down -
1300 common shl 0 / 5/ 4 0 35 6 6 down -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total : 5 (Up/Down : 1/4)
Note : F--Frame, S--Slot, P--Port(or Virtual Port, such as IMA GROUP,
VLAN ID etc.), the VPI is access-end VLAN ID in vdsl/eau port
or PON ID in epon port

6.2.7 Checking Port statistics

If no problem has been found till now, use the command display port statistics to
check the ports several times.
For example, check whether the number of received and transmitted frames increases,
and whether there exist pause frames. If the received and transmitted data frames are
both added, there exists no Pause frame, but the services fail, use the command show
statistics sar to check whether CRC fault and length count error occur. If the count is
not 0, it indicates that the board may be faulty.
MA5600(config-if-scu-0/7)#display port statistics 0
Number of transmitted frames =3181505
Number of received frames =289557
Total number of frames =3471062
Number of transmitted multicast frames =17406
Number of received multicast frames =47613
Total number of multicast frames =65019
Number of transmitted broadcast frames =3163993
Number of received broadcast frames =241831
Total number of broadcast frames =3405824
Number of transmitted pause frames =0

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Number of received pause frames =0


Number of transmitted octets =216123560
Number of received octets =46591725
Total number of octets =262715285
Number of alignment error frames =0
Number of discarded frames =0
Number of CRC error frames =0
Number of collision frames =0
Number of undersized frames =0
Number of oversized frames =0
Number of CRC error packets(less than 64 octets in length) =0
Number of CRC error packets(longer than 1518 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(64 octets in length) =356516
Number of packets(65~127 octets in length) =3093402
Number of packets(128~255 octets in length) =288
Number of packets(256~511 octets in length) =135
Number of packets(512~1023 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(1024~1517 octets in length) =20717
Number of packets(1518~2047 octets in length) =4
Number of packets(2048~4095 octets in length) =0
Number of packets(4096~9216 octets in length) =0

6.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults


The Ethernet principles are simple, so the faults concerning the LAN are relatively
simple.
For locating a fault, refer to “6.2 Fault Locating Process”.

6.4 Case Study


6.4.1 Ethernet Service Failures Caused by Wrong Network Cable Making

[Fault description]
An office uses the SCU board of the MA5600 for LAN interconnection. But the Ethernet
services fail. Check the data configuration and physical connection and find no problem,
and the LINK LED of the network cable is green.
[Fault analysis]
1) It is suspected that the port modes at both ends do not match. Check the port
modes of the equipment at both ends, and find that they are both 10/100 Mbit/s
auto-negotiation, and the interconnection rate is also 100 Mbit/s.

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2) Check the physical connection, and find that the network cable is not made
according to the standard linear ordering. So the network cable is just for 10 Mbit/s
line.
[Troubleshooting]
Make the network cable according to the standard linear ordering, and then the
services recover.
[Conclusion]
The ports are 100 Mbit/s auto-negotiation, but they are connected with a 10 Mbit/s
network cable. This is the reason why the Ethernet services fail.

6.4.2 Failure to Ping the Gateway Caused by Wrong Terminal Route Settings

[Fault description]
An ADSL user accesses the Internet through the MA5600 in IP-DSLAM mode. The IP
address of the user’s PC is set to 10.30.1.2, the mask is 255.255.0.0, and the gateway
is 10.30.1.1. The user can ping the IP address 10.30.1.1 of the network port of the
Layer 3 switch, but fails to ping the IP address 10.2.21.202 of the upstream network
port of the switch. The user fails to access the Internet.
[Fault analysis]
1) Check the firewall configuration and the routing forward configuration of the Layer
3 switch, and find no problem.
2) When using route print to check the routing table in DOS operating system, the
user finds two routes: 0.0.0.0. The gateways are 10.10.10.1 and 10.30.1.1
respectively. But the gateway of the preceding default route is not 10.30.1.1.
3) Check the TCP/IP settings of the PC, and find another gateway 10.10.10.14.
Because the default route 0.0.0.0 in the routing table should be one, and the one
passing through the gateway 10.10.10.1 is preceding. So, when the user pings
10.2.21.202, the IP packets are forwarded from 10.10.10.1, and then they cannot
reach the switch.
[Troubleshooting]
Delete this gateway, the user can ping the upstream network port on the switch and can
access the Internet normally.

6.4.3 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Failure in VLAN Isolation for
Upstream Port

[Fault description]
The user's networking mode: FE port on the MA5600 ÆLAN Switch ÆRouter.
Fault phenomenon: From 7:30 PM to 9:00 PM, the ADSL user's Internet access rate is
low, and a number of ping packets are lost. A large amount of bandwidth of the user is
occupied by unnecessary broadcast packets or multicast packets.

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[Fault analysis]
1) It is suspected that the IP addresses conflict. But when the fault reoccurs, the fault
is not removed even when there is no address conflict. So, the fault is not related
to conflict between IP addresses.
2) It is suspected that the negotiation between the SCU board of the MA5600 and the
photoelectric transducer fails. But it is found through check that the LAN board and
the transducer are both 100 M full duplex.
3) Maybe the LAN Switch does not divide VLANs. This LAN Switch is just a low-level
D-link acting as a Hub in the whole network, and cannot divide VLANs. When the
fault reoccurs, use the packet catcher software to capture packets on the ADSL
user port. A number of broadcast and multicast packets are captured which are
not related to the user. The user’s bandwidth for Internet access is occupied by
these packets, so the user's Internet access rate is low.
[Troubleshooting]
Add a VLAN to the LAN Switch connected to the upstream port, and then the fault is
removed.
[Conclusion]
In IP-DSLAM networking mode, when the LAN Switch is connected to the upstream
port, a VLAN must be added for it to isolate broadcast packets.

6.4.4 Internet Service Interruption Caused by Conflict of Gateway IP Address

[Fault description]
An office adopts the MA5600 IP-DSLAM networking. The MA5600 is connected to a
layer 2 switch through its upstream port and then connected to the router. Stationary IP
addresses (public network) are allocated to users for Internet access.
Fault phenomenon: The Internet access services are disrupted, and the user can ping
the gateway, but fails to ping the DNS.
[Fault analysis]
1) Connect a user’s PC to a port on the layer 2 switch, and then the Internet access is
normal. This indicates that the port is normal.
2) Check the data configuration, and find no problem. Ping the gateway through a
port on the SCU board, and find that a number of packets are lost. Replace the
LAN board and the main control board, but the fault is still not removed.
3) Check the configuration of the router, and find IP addresses conflict alarms. The
MAC address bound to the IP address of the gateway is wrong. Based on these
facts, it can be judged that the fault is related to conflict of the gateway IP
addresses.
[Troubleshooting]

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1) Pull out the network cable between the MA5600 and the layer 2 switch, but it still
fails to ping the IP address of the gateway.
2) Pull out the network cables connected to the layer 2 switch until it succeeds in
pinging the IP address of the gateway.
3) It is found that the IP address of a PC is the same as the IP address of the gateway.
Isolate this PC, modify the MAC address bound to the gateway, and then the
services recover.

6.4.5 Low Internet Access Rate Caused by Unnecessary Protocols

[Fault description]
The networking mode of the MA5600 is IP-DSLAM. With the same traffic control, the
rates of the PC users who access the Internet directly through the SCU board are low,
and the maximum rate is just about 50–60 kbit/s.
[Fault analysis]
1) Check the configuration data of the MA5600, and find no problem.
2) Replace a user's PC, and then the Internet access rate is normal. Then, maybe the
user’s PC is faulty.
3) Check the network configuration of the user’s terminal, and find the ATM LAN
emulation protocol and WAN support for ATM protocol besides the TCP/IP
protocol.
[Troubleshooting]
Delete the extra protocols, and then the fault is removed.
[Conclusion]
Unnecessary network protocols are configured in the user’s terminal and thus cause
low Internet access rate. It is suggested to just configure necessary network protocols,
and do not configure extra protocols.

6.4.6 Internet Service Interruption Caused by a User's Cluster MAC Address


Settings

[Fault description]
In IP-DSLAM networking mode of the MA5600, the Internet access services are
disrupted, but Internet access directly through the SCU board is normal. After about 10
minutes, the disrupted services recover automatically. Reset the LAN board, and then
the services can recover, but the fault will occur frequently.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Check whether the SCU board is impacted by a large amount of traffic, but actually
the SCU board works normally.
2) Connect the PC to another network port (within the same VLAN) of the SCU board,
and find that Internet access is normal, but the PC fails to communicate with ADSL

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users within the region VLAN. Then, it can be judged that the SCU is normal, and
the link between the SCU board and the ADSL is faulty.
3) Connect an ADSL Modem at the near end, and then connect a PC to it to ping the
public network IP addresses. But it fails to ping any public network IP address. Use
the packet catcher software to capture the received data packets, and find that the
user receives a large number of data packets not for him. The traffic rate reaches
up to 400–500 kbit/s. The maximum downstream rates for majority of ADSL users
are configured to 350–512 kbit/s. So, the downstream bandwidth of the user is
occupied by these useless data, thus causing failure to normal services.
4) Analyze the received useless data packets, and find that they are sent to an ADSL
user by the router, and the destination IP address and MAC address are not
broadcast IP address. In normal conditions, other ADSL users cannot receive
these data. Disable this user manually, and then the services recover. Then, it is
suspected that the user performs some special settings.
[Solution]
1) Check the user's PC and find the MAC address obtained by the SCU board is
inconsistent with the MAC address of its network card.
2) Check the settings of the PC, and find the user selects the option “Network Load
Equalization” of the Windows 2000 operating system. The cluster MAC address
generated by the operation system for the network card is different from the actual
MAC address of the network card. But the MAC address checked from the router
is the cluster MAC address.
3) Delete this option, and then the services recover.
[Conclusion]
The main function of the “Network Load Equalization" of Windows 2000 is to provide
sharing of service traffic load among multiple servers within a LAN. This option is not for
external interface of the server. If this function is enabled, a router is required to isolate
this LAN from other networks.

6.4.7 Internet Access Failure Caused by Wrong VLAN settings

[Fault description]
Networking: MA5600ÆRouterÆInternet
Upon an upgrade, all users connected to an MA5600 report that they fail to access the
Internet.
[Fault analysis]
Because all users of the MA5600 fail to access the Internet, the problem may be related
to the upstream connection.
[Troubleshooting]

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1) Check the parameters of the Ethernet port on the SCU board: auto-negotiation,
activated, VLAN ID:1, native VLAN: 1.
2) Check the configuration data of the router, and find the default port parameters:
10/100 M, auto-negotiation, port VLAN: 2, TAGGED.
3) After the above two steps, it can be confirmed that the problem is related to the
VLAN settings at both ends.
The Ethernet packets sent from the Ethernet port at the MA5600 side do not carry
the VLAN Tag, but the router only accepts packets with the VLAN Tag.
[Solution]
Log in to the MA5600, and change the VLAN ID of the SCU board to 2, and the native
VLAN to 1000. Then, the problem is solved.

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Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Multicast Services

This chapter introduces how to troubleshoot multicast services, including:


z Introduction to Multicast Technology, on Page 7-1
z Fault Locating Process, on Page 7-2
z Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults, on Page 7-12
z Case Study, on Page 7-12

7.1 Introduction to Multicast Technology


7.1.1 Features of Multicast

Multicast refers to a process of transmitting packets of data from one source to many
destinations. The key of multicast technology is to carry out packet duplication most
close to the receiver.
Multicast has the following advantages:
z Reducing load on the server, so that the server need not handle request on a per
user basis.
z Saving network bandwidth, which lowers the requirement on the network device.
z Adapting to various user quantities, so that increase of users will not impose
pressure on the network.

7.1.2 Multicast Services of the MA5600

The MA5600 supports IGMP Proxy and plays a role of the IGMP Proxy server:
z The MA5600 works as a multicast router for a multicast user.
z The MA5600 is a multicast user for the upper layer multicast router.
Figure 7-1 shows a network topology of multicast service.

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Multicast server

Internet

Multicast router

MA5600

ADSL ADSL
Modem Modem

PC PC

Figure 7-1 Network topology of multicast service

7.2 Fault Locating Process


Faults concerning multicast services are classified into the following three categories:
z Failure to access the Internet
z Failure to watch a program although success in accessing the Internet
z Failure to watch a program with good quality

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7.2.1 Failure to Access the Internet

I. Flowchart for locating the fault

Start

Check the Modem

Check IGMP Proxy

Check VPI/VCI

Check the user

Check preview time and count

Check the programs

Check IGMP packets

End

Figure 7-2 Flow for Locating the fault of failure to access the Internet

II. Procedure for locating the fault

1) Check the Modem.


Check whether the LEDs on the Modem are normal, including power, ADSL, and
LAN ports. For details, refer to “3.3.3 Checking the Modem” in Chapter 3.
2) Check the IGMP Proxy.
Use the command display igmp proxy to check whether IGMP Proxy is enabled.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp proxy
--------------------------------------------------------
Program number of license : 1024
IGMP proxy switch : enable
Authorization : enable
Default video VPI : 0
Default video VCI : 35
Robustness variable : 2

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General query interval(s) : 125


General query response time(0.1s) : 100
Specific query interval(0.1s) : 10
Specific query response time(0.1s) : 8
Specific query number : 2
V1 router present timeout(s) : 400
Unsolicited report interval(s) : 10
Uplink port mode : program
Log switch : enable
Preview switch : enable
Recognition time(s) : 30
The time of reset preview-count : 04:00:00
Auto create log interval(h) : 2
Right mode : profile mode
--------------------------------------------------------
3) Check VPI/VCI.
Check whether the VPI/VCI of the service PVC is correct. Make sure the Modem
has corresponding PVCs and PVC encapsulation is correct.
4) Check the user.
Check whether the multicast user is to be authenticated. If the user is to be
authenticated:
- In profile mode, run the command display igmp user to check whether a right
profile is bound with the user and run the command display igmp profile to query
the content of the profile.
- In user mode, display igmp user port frameid/slotid/portid [ grant-program-list]
to check the programs and authorities bound to the user.
5) Check preview time and count.
Use the command display igmp preview user to check the user’s preview time
and count.
If the user is authenticated to only preview programs, the number of previews in a
day is limited.
If the number of previews exceeds the value set in a day, the user cannot access
the programs.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp preview user 0/7/1 ip 239.255.0.5
---------------------------------------
Previewed Previewed Remanent preview
Count Time(s) Time(s)
5 2 18
---------------------------------------
6) Check the programs.

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Use the command display igmp program to check whether the programs are
correctly configured.
z Use the command display igmp program all to check whether the programs are
configured. If yes, check whether the upstream ports and VLAN IDs are correct. In
case of across-VLAN forwarding, check whether the across-VLAN forwarding is
enabled.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp program all
----------------------------------------------------------------------
IP | Program |Num of |Uplink|VLAN|Across |Prejoin|Prio-
Address | name |watching| port | ID | VLAN | |rity
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----
224.1.1.1 program1 0 0/7/0 100 enable disable 3
224.1.1.2 program2 0 0/7/0 100 enable disable 3
224.1.1.3 program3 0 0/7/0 100 enable disable 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 3 program(s)
Note : # The program data is valid, but it is no license or
the uplink port ID is beyond number of board port.
z Run the command display igmp program ip ip-addr to check details of a
program, including validity of the program.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp program ip 224.1.1.1
---------------------------------------------
Program index : 0
Validity : valid
Program name : cctv-1
IP address : 224.1.1.1
Uplink Port : 0/7/0
VLAN ID : 10
Host attribute : enable
Log attribute : enable
Prejion attribute : disable
Across VLAN attribute : enable
Unsolicited attribute : disable
Preivew duration(s) : 120
Preivew times : 8
Preivew interval(s) : 120
Priority : 0
Numbers of watching : 0
---------------------------------------------
Watching IGMP cascade port :
0/7/1

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0/7/2
7) Check IGMP packets.
In global mode, use the command debugging igmp all to enable igmp debugging
to check the trace of IGMP packets and query IGMP packets processing.

7.2.2 Failure to Watch a Program Although Success in Accessing the


Internet

I. Flowchart for locating the fault

Start

Check upstream port information

Check program information

Check RSTP root port

Check port's default video PVC

Check multicast server

Check multicast router

Check maximum programs

End

Figure 7-3 Flowchart for locating the fault of failure to watch a multicast program

II. Procedure for locating the fault

1) Check the upstream port information.


z Check the upstream port state.
Check whether the state of the upstream port is normal (whether the port is
activated and whether the LED of the port is on).
If the LED is off, check the optical module and the fiber. Make sure the modes of
the optical modules are consistent (in multi-mode or in single-mode), and the
single-mode fiber is not used for the multi-mode optical module.
z Check upstream port configuration.

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Use the command display igmp uplink-port to check whether the upstream port
configuration is correct, such as whether the configuration is complete, and
whether the VLAN ID is correct.
MA5600(config)#display igmp uplink-port all
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Program IGMP V1 Router Present
Port VLANID number version Host IP Timer(s)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
0/7/0 10 2 IGMP v2 214.1.1.1 400
0/7/2 1 3 IGMP v1 214.1.1.2 300
0/7/3 3 5 IGMP v1 214.1.1.3 350
0/7/3 4 3 IGMP v1 214.1.1.4 400
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 4
2) Check the program information.
Run the command display igmp program ip ip-addr to check the details of a program,
including the VLAN ID, Host attribute and Host IP.
z VLAN ID
If the packets sent from the upper layer router do not contain the VLAN Tag, the
native VLAN of the upstream port of the MA5600 must be the same as the
program VLAN. Otherwise, the native VLAN of the upstream port of the MA5600
shall be different from the program VLAN.
z Host attribute
Normally, Host attribute is in “enable” state. Otherwise, IGMP Proxy sends no
IGMP packet to the upper layer device. If Host attribute is not in “enable” state, run
the command igmp program modify to modify it.
z Host IP
If Host attribute is in “enable” state, and the upper layer router checks the source
IP address, run the command display igmp uplink-port to check whether Host IP
is in the same network segment as the IP address of the interface on the router.
Otherwise, run the command igmp uplink-port frame/slot/port vlanid hostip to
modify Host IP and make it in the same network segment as the IP address of the
interface on the router.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp program ip 224.1.1.1

---------------------------------------------
Program index : 0
Validity : valid
Program name : cctv-1
IP address : 224.1.1.1
Uplink Port : 0/7/0

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VLAN ID : 10
Host attribute : enable
Log attribute : enable
Prejion attribute : disable
Across VLAN attribute : enable
Unsolicited attribute : disable
Preivew duration(s) : 120
Preivew times : 8
Preivew interval(s) : 120
Priority : 0
Numbers of watching : 0
---------------------------------------------
Watching IGMP cascade port :
0/7/1
0/7/2
---------------------------------------------
3) Check RSTP root port.
If the upstream port is in RSTP mode, check whether the root port selected
according to RSTP is the expected upstream port.
4) Check port’s default video PVC.
Use the command display igmp proxy to check whether the default VPI/VCI of
the virtual service port for video service is the same as the VPI/VCI (you can use
the command display service-port to query it) of the multicast user. If not, modify
the multicast user’s VPI/VCI so that it can be the same as the default VPI/VCI.
MA5600(config-btv)#display igmp proxy

--------------------------------------------------------
Program number of license : 1024
IGMP proxy switch : enable
Authorization : enable
Default video VPI : 0
Default video VCI : 35
Robustness variable : 2
General query interval(s) : 125
General query response time(0.1s) : 100
Specific query interval(0.1s) : 10
Specific query response time(0.1s) : 8
Specific query number : 2
V1 router present timeout(s) : 400
Unsolicited report interval(s) : 10
Uplink port mode : program
Log switch : enable

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Preview switch : enable


Recognition time(s) : 30
The time of reset preview-count : 04:00:00
Auto create log interval(h) : 2
Right mode : profile mode
--------------------------------------------------------
5) Check the multicast server.
Check whether the multicast server sends video stream correctly, and make sure
the multicast server is configured correctly.
6) Check the multicast router.
Check whether the TTL of the multicast router is more than 1. Make sure the TTL is
more than the count of hops to the user.
7) Check the maximum number of programs for the user.
Use the command display igmp user to check the maximum number of programs
available for the user. If the number of ordered programs exceeds the number of
programs available for the user, the user will fail to order a new program.
MA5600(config)#display igmp user all
Operation is running, please waiting...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
User Bind State Auth Quick IGMP Log Available
profiles leave Interface switch programs
----------------------------------------------------------------------
0/2/34 1 offline auth enable 0/35 enable 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 1
Note : IGMP Interface--VPI/VCI or VLAN ID or EPON ID

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7.2.3 Failure to Watch a Program with Good Quality

I. Flowchart for locating the fault

Start

Check port traffic index

Check Modem's downstream


rate

Check service board type

Check the upper layer device

End

Figure 7-4 Flowchart for locating the fault of failure to watch a program with good
quality

II. Procedure for locating the fault

1) Check port traffic index


Use the command display service-port to check the traffic index of the service
port, and use the command display traffic table to check the CAR.
Too small CAR restricts port traffic and thus affects the program quality. In this
case, set a new traffic index.
MA5600(config)#display traffic table index 6
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----
TD Index : 6
Priority : 0
Priority policy : tag-pri
CAR : off
TD Type : NoTrafficDescriptor
Service category : ubr
Referenced Status: used
EnPPDISC : off
EnEPDISC : off
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----
2) Check the Modem’s downstream rate.

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In ADSL configuration mode, use the command display line operation to check
the Modem’s downstream rate.
Low downstream rate reduces the program quality. In this case, check the line
quality or the ADSL line profile.
MA5600(config)#display line operation port 0/2/34
Channel mode : Interleaved
Downstream channel bit swap : Enable
Upstream channel bit swap : Enable
Trellis mode : Enable
Standard in port training : G992.5
Downstream channel rate(Kbps) : 7996
Downstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 25353
Downstream channel SNR margin(dB) : 29.5
Downstream interleaved channel delay(ms) : 6
Downstream channel attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Downstream total output power(dBm) : 8.3
Upstream channel rate(Kbps) : 1021
Upstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 1271
Upstream channel SNR margin(dB) : 9.5
Upstream interleaved channel delay(ms) : 3
Upstream channel attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Upstream total output power(dBm) : 0.5
----------------------------------------------------------
G992.1 : G.dmt
G992.2 : G.lite
G992.3 : G.dmt.bis
G992.5 : G.dmt.bisplus
3) Check the service board type.
Because multicast data stream requires a bandwidth of 4 Mbit/s in downstream, it
is suggested that you not adopt the SHDSL board to implement multicast service
due to port rate limitation to the SHDSL board.
4) Check the upper layer device
If there exists loopback on the upper layer device, the multicast traffic will be
interfered to affect the quality of the program.
Directly connect the PC to the upper layer device (switch or router) to order a
program. If the quality of the program is poor, maybe there exists loopback on the
upper layer device, or the same multicast traffic from different sources is sent to
the upper layer device.
Check the loopback and multicast traffic configurations of the upper layer device,
and then take the corresponding measures.

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7.3 Analyzing and Removing Frequent Faults


For details, refer to “7.2 Fault Locating Process”.

7.4 Case Study


7.4.1 Poor Quality of Some Programs Ordered

[Fault description]
A multicast user reports when he watches the multicast programs ordered, sometimes
the quality of some programs ordered is poor.
[Fault analysis]
Upon several tests, the quality of a program is poor when the size of the program is
large, for example, exceeding 4 Mbit/s. Then, it can be primarily judged that the CAR
set is too small.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Run the command display service-port to check the traffic index of the service
port, and find that the self-defined traffic index is 10.
2) Run the command display traffic table index 10 to check traffic items, and find
that the CAR set is less than 4 Mbit/s.
3) Increase the CAR, and then the fault is removed.

7.4.2 Triple Play User’s Failure to Order a Program

[Fault description]
A Triple Play user fails to order a multicast program.
[Troubleshooting]
1) Check the upstream port state and find no problem.
2) Check the upstream port configuration, including Host IP and VLAN and find no
problem.
3) Check the state of the Triple Play user, and find no problem.
The multicast user adopts the multi-PVC solution and is online.
4) Check the default VPI/VCI of the video port and find that the user’s multicast
service VPI/VCI is 0/32 which is different from the default VPI/VCI (0/35) of the
virtual service port for video service.
5) Modify the user’s multicast service VPI/VCI so that it is the same as the default
VPI/VCI of the virtual service port for video service. Then, the fault is removed.

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Chapter 8 Analyzing and Handling Alarms

During the operations of the MA5600, if a fault occurs or an important operation is


performed, an alarm is reported to the user about the fault or operation information. An
alarm includes cause and handling suggestion to provide the basis for locating and
removing a fault. In addition to the reporting function, the MA5600 also provides basic
information inquiry of an alarm and alarm statistics.

8.1 Overview

8.1.1 Composition of Alarm ID

An alarm ID contains eight octets that are divided into four groups, shown as below.

0x A A B C D D D D
(4)
(3)

(2)

(1)

(1) Alarm module ID (2) Alarm category


(3) Alarm type (4) Alarm serial number
Figure 8-1 Alarm ID

Table 8-1 shows the meanings of the alarm module IDs.

Table 8-1 Meanings of the alarm module ID

Alarm module ID Name Meaning


0x00 ALM Alarm module
0x01 DB Database
0x02 DEV Device
0x05 NETTOPO Network topology
0x07 SYN Synchronization
0x08 CM Connection
0x09 PAT Patch
0x0a PM Port
0x0b LOAD Loading

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Alarm module ID Name Meaning


0x0e SYS System
0x0f SRVCTVL Service control module
0x11 AIU IMA alarm
0x15 EMM EMM
0x16 SNMP Network management
0x18 OAM -

Table 8-2 shows the meanings of alarm categories.

Table 8-2 Meanings of alarm categories

Alarm category Name Meaning


0 Communications -
1 Service quality -
2 Processing error -

3 Equipment -
4 Environment -

Table 8-3 shows the meanings of alarm types.

Table 8-3 Meanings of alarm types

Alarm type Name Meaning


0 Event System is in normal state.
1 Fault System is in failure state.
2 Recovery System restores to normal state.

8.1.2 Alarm severity

Alarm severity labels the severity level of an alarm. In terms of decreasing order, alarm
severities are divided into critical alarm, major alarm, minor alarm and warning.
z Critical alarm refers to the alarm which endangers the normal operation of the
MA5600 and requires immediate troubleshooting, such as power circuit failure and
output clock failure.

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z Major alarm refers to the alarm generated in certain board or line, which may lead
to system abnormality if not processed in time, such as fiber broken, physical line
fault, and so on. The Major alarm may not be the serious incidental event, but may
also be generated in the normal manual operation.
z Minor alarm refers to the general fault alarm or event alarm which describes
whether each board or line is normal, such as an alarm which indicates bit error in
a certain physical line.
z Warning alarm refers to the status change and event, which will not affect the
system performance and the user service, but to which the operator may pay
attention.

8.1.3 Querying Alarm Information

The MA5600 provides not only configuration and querying function of alarm information,
but also records of alarm history and statistics. The adiministrator queries the alarm
information to monitor the operating state of the MA5600.

I. Showing Alarm Information

To Use Meaning
Show basic alarm
display alarm
information by -
configuration alarm ID
alarm ID
Alarm categories include
Show basic alarm
communication, service,
information by display alarm list type
process, equipment, and
alarm categories
environment.
Show basic alarm
Alarm type includes event, fault,
information by display alarm list class
and recovery.
alarm types

Show basic alarm


Alarm severities include critical,
information by display alarm list level
major, minor, warning.
alarm severities
Use this command to query basic
Show basic alarm alarm information in a range of all
display alarm list from
information by or a certain alarm ID without
alarm ID to alarm ID
range of ID knowing of exact alarm ID, and
find corresponding alarm ID.

II. Showing Alarm history

To Use Meaning
Show alarm display alarm history
-
history by alarm ID alarm ID

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To Use Meaning
Alarm categories include
Show alarm
display alarm history communication, service,
history by alarm
type process, equipment, and
categories
environment.

Show alarm type display alarm history Alarm types include event, fault,
by alarm types class and recovery.

Show alarm
display alarm history Alarm severities include critical,
history by alarm
level major, minor, warning.
severities
Use this command to query basic
Show alarm display alarm history alarm information in a range of all
history by range of from start-date start-time or a certain alarm ID without
ID to end-date end-time knowing of exact alarm ID and
find corresponding alarm ID.
Show brief
information of display alarm history list -
alarm history
Detailed information includes
Show detailed alarm ID, relevant parameters,
display alarm history
information of and detailed description of alarm,
detail
alarm history alarm cause and suggested
treatment.

III. Showing alarm statistics

Use display alarm statistics alarm ID to show alarm statistics. Now the system only
provides querying function of alarm statistics by alarm ID.

IV. Configuration alarm information attributes

To Use Meaning
Modify alarm alarm alarmlevel alarm ID Set new alarm severities only by
severities alarm level alarm ID
Set new alarm threshold only by
alarm threshold alarmid
Modify alarm alarm ID, and the threshold
threshold15m
threshold values are 15-minute threshold
threshold24h
and 24-hour threshold

Set output of one


alarm output Set by alarm ID, alarm severities,
or a certain kind of
alarmid|alarmlevel|alarm alarm categories or set the
alarm information
type|all output for all alarms.
to the CLI terminal
Set the output of
alarm information alarm output detail on -
in details

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To Use Meaning
Enable the
alarm statistics Set by alarm ID, alarm severities,
statistics for one or
alarmid|alarmlevel|alarm alarm categories or set the
a certain kind of
type|all statistics for all alarms.
alarm

8.2 Threshold Alarm

8.2.1 15-minute Threshold Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x00200000 Event Minor
Type Severity

Alarm Description Alarm account in 15 minutes exceeds the threshold.


Alarm ID, Alarm account during the last 15 minutes,
Alarm Parameter
Threshold, Parameters of later seven alarms.
Alarm Cause Such kind of alarm happens too frequently.
Suggested
Inquire such kind of alarms to find out the cause.
Treatment

8.2.2 24-hour Threshold Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x00200001 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description Alarm number in 24 hours exceeds the threshold.

Alarm ID, Alarm account during the latest 24 hours,


Alarm Parameter
Threshold, Parameters of later seven alarms.
Alarm Cause Such kind of alarm happens too frequently.
Suggested
Inquire such kind of alarms to find out the cause.
Treatment

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8.3 Patch Alarm

8.3.1 Active/Standby Board Patch Inconsistency Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x09200000 Event Major
Type Severity
The patch files or status in active board are different form
Alarm Description
those in backup board.

Alarm Parameter -
1) Active and standby board patch files inconsistent.
Alarm Cause
2) Active and standby board patch status inconsistent.
1) For cause one, reload the patch file\r\n.
Suggested
Treatment 2) For cause two, make the patch status of standby board
be consistent with that of active board.

8.3.2 System Patch Files Recovery Failure Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x09200001 Event
Type Severity
Failed in restoring system patch files, please reload system
Alarm Description
patch files.

Alarm Parameter SlotId, PatchNumber, RunningPatch, ActivePatch.


Alarm Cause System patch recovery failed.
Suggested
Reload the Patch file.
Treatment

8.4 Load and Backup Alarms

8.4.1 Auto-load Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x24200001 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Auto-load start.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board type, File type.
Alarm Cause IO board runs.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x24200002 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Auto-load complete.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board type, File type.
Alarm Cause Auto-load succeeded.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x24200003 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Auto-load failure.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board type, File type.
1) No reply from IO board.
Alarm Cause 2) The transmission of message between main control
board and IO board is not stable.
Suggested 1) Ensure the board can be loaded automatically.
Treatment 2) Make sure all the boards have been plugged in firmly.

8.4.2 Auto-load Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200001 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Start to load files.

Alarm Parameter FRAMEID,SLOTID,LOAD TYPE


Alarm Cause Load started.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200002 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description Load files successfully.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, LOAD TYPE.
Alarm Cause Load succeeded.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200003 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Failed in loading files.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, LOAD TYPE.
Alarm Cause Load failed.
Suggested
Check according to failure cause and reload.
Treatment

8.4.3 Rollback Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200004 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Start to roll back files.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, ROLLBACK.
Alarm Cause Rollback started.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200005 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Roll back files successfully.

Alarm Parameter FRAMEID,SLOTID,ROLLBACK,


Alarm Cause Rollback succeeded.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200006 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Failed in rolling back files.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, ROLLBACK.

Alarm Cause Rollback failed.


Suggested
Try it again, otherwise change the board.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200011 Event Major
Type Severity

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Alarm Description No rollback starts.


Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, NOROLLBACK.
Alarm Cause No rollback starts.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200012 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description No rollback completed.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, NOROLLBACK.
Alarm Cause No rollback completed.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200013 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description No rollback failed.

Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, NOROLLBACK.


Alarm Cause No rollback failed.
Suggested No need to process if loaded new project or data, otherwise
Treatment cancel rollback again.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200014 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Program or data resume failed, use save to resume.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, NOROLLBACK.

Alarm Cause Program or data resume failed.


Suggested
Use save to resume.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200015 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Disable rollback function in case of system timeout.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, NOROLLBACK.
Alarm Cause Disable rollback function in case of system timeout.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.4.4 Duplicate Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200007 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Start to duplicate files from active board to backup board.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, DUPLICATE TYPE.
Alarm Cause Duplication started.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200008 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Duplicate files successfully to backup board.

Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, DUPLICATE TYPE.


Alarm Cause Duplication succeeded.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200009 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Failed in duplicating files to backup board.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, DUPLICATE TYPE, failure reason .

Alarm Cause Duplication failed.


Suggested
Check according to failure cause and reduplicate.
Treatment

8.4.5 Backup Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20000a Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Start to backup files from the host to maintenance terminal.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID.BACKUP, TYPE.
Alarm Cause Backup started.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20000b Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Backup files successfully to maintenance terminal.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, BACKUP TYPE.
Alarm Cause Backup succeeded.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20000c Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Failed in backing up files to the maintenance terminal.

Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, BACKUP TYPE, failure reason.


Alarm Cause Backup failed.
Suggested
Check according to failure cause and reload.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20000d Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description The host runs backup data since active data are unavailable.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID.

Alarm Cause Standby data is enabled due to bad active data.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.4.6 Erase Alarm

Alarm Cause Restore


Alarm ID Alarm Description
severity description suggestion
Start to erase Erase
0x0b20000e Major
backup files started No need to
Erase backup files Erase process
0x0b20000f Major
successfully succeeded

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Alarm Cause Restore


Alarm ID Alarm Description
severity description suggestion
Check according to
Failed in erasing failure cause and
0x0b200010 Major Erase failed
backup files. perform erase
again.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20000f Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description Erase backup files successfully.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, LOAD TYPE.
Alarm Cause Erase backup files successfully.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200010 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Failed in erasing backup files.


Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, LOAD TYPE.
Alarm Cause Load failed.

Suggested
Check according to failure cause and re-erase.
Treatment

8.5 Inverse (or Switch) Alarm

8.5.1 Active/Standby Switchover Success Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x07200001 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Switch over between the active and standby boards.
Alarm Parameter FRAMEID, SLOTID, Previous active board SLOTID.
1) System manual switchover has taken place,
Alarm Cause 2) Protective switchover\r\n has occurs to the system due to
the backplane failure.
1) For cause one, there is no need to process.
Suggested
Treatment 2) For cause two, check the hardware and software of the
previous active board.

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8.5.2 Active/Standby Switchover Failure Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x07200002 Event Minor
Type Severity
Automatic switchover between active and standby boards
Alarm Description
fails.

Alarm Parameter -
1) Standby board is not in position or works abnormally at
the \r\n specified automatic switchover time.
2) Clock subboard of the standby board is faulty at the
specified automatic switchover time.
3) Data synchronization is insufficient at the specified
automatic switchover time.
4) Active and standby boards have loaded the software of
Alarm Cause
different versions.
5) Database of standby board is invalid at the specified
automatic switchover time.
6) Board status has changed before the last attempt of
automatic switchover.
7) Loading/backing up/duplicating/saving is being
performed on active/standby board.
1) For cause one, check whether the standby board works
normally.
2) For cause two, check the clock subboard of standby
board. You can have it switched over manually or wait for
the next system auto switchover after the clock subboard
work normally.
3) For cause three, query to find if the data synchronization
has been completed. Try to switch over after data
synchronization is completed. You can switch over
Suggested manually or wait for the next automatic switchover.
Treatment
4) For cause four, check whether the software versions of
active and standby boards are consistent.
5) For cause five, check whether database of standby
board is valid. If not, load right database to standby
board and reboot it.
6) For cause six, you can switch over manually or wait for
the next automatic switchover.
7) For cause seven, you can switch over manually or wait
for the next automatic switchover.

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8.5.3 Active/Standby Board Software Versions Inconsistency Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x07200003 Event Major
Type Severity
Software version of active board is different from that of
Alarm Description
standby board.

Alarm Parameter -
Active and standby boards have loaded the software of
Alarm Cause
different versions.
Check whether the software versions of active and standby
Suggested
boards are consistent. If not, load the same version software
Treatment
and reboot the system.

8.5.4 Active/Standby Board BIOS, CPLD Versions Inconsistency

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300081 Fault Major
Type Severity
The versions of base BIOS, extend BIOS, CPLD and so on
Alarm Description
are different between active board and standby board.

Alarm Parameter -
The versions of BIOS or CPLD in active and standby boards
Alarm Cause
are different.

Check whether the versions of active and standby boards are


Suggested
consistent. If not, load the same software and reboot the
Treatment
system.

8.5.5 Alarm of System Resetting upon Abnormal Switchover

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x07200005 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description The system reboots due to abnormal switchover.
Alarm Parameter -
1) Protective switchover occurs because of active board
fault.
Alarm Cause
2) Forced switchover occurs when data synchronization is
insufficient.
1) For cause one, check the operating status of previous
Suggested active board to locate the fault cause.
Treatment
2) For cause two, no need to process.

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8.5.6 Alarm of Communication between Active and Standby Boards

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x07210000 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Active board cannot communicate with standby board.
Alarm Parameter -
1) Standby board faulty.
Alarm Cause
2) Standby board not in position.
1) For cause one, check whether standby board is working
Suggested normally.
Treatment
2) For cause two, no need to process.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x07220000 Major
Type very Severity

Communication between active and standby boards is


Alarm Description
recovered.
Alarm Parameter -
Alarm Cause Standby board recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.5.7 Active/Standby Board MAC Inconsistency Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300044 Event Major
Type Severity
The MAC of active main control board and standby control
Alarm Description
board are different, reset standby board.

Alarm Parameter The MAC of active board, The Mac of standby board
Alarm Cause The MAC of active and standby board are different.

Suggested
Reset standby board.
Treatment

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8.6 CPU Alarm

8.6.1 CPU Occupation Rate Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0e210000 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description CPU occupation rate exceeds the threshold.


Alarm Parameter The current CPU performance
Alarm Cause System too busy.

Suggested Decrease system load, such as restrict number of on-line


Treatment users, and so on.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0e220000 Recovery Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description CPU occupation rate returns to normal value.
Alarm Parameter The current CPU performance
Alarm Cause CPU occupation rate returns to normal value.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.6.2 CLI Status Alarm

Alarm Alarm Warni


Alarm ID 0x0e400001 Event
Type Severity ng
Alarm Description Change of maintenance user's status.
Username String, Log mode (0: Serial 1: Proxy 2: TELNET)
Alarm Parameter Integer, IP Integer, State (0: Log on 1: Log out 2: Log
off)Integer, CliClientID Integer

Alarm Cause Maintenance user logs in, logout or login failed.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.6.3 SNMP Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x16000000 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Important operations from NMS (Such as reboot, switchover).
Alarm Parameter Frame, slot, port, NMS IP Address
1) NMS delivers system board reset command.
2) NMS delivers disabling board command.
3) NMS delivers board reset command.
4) NMS delivers data loading command.
5) NMS delivers program loading command.
Alarm Cause 6) NMS delivers switchover command.
7) NMS delivers rollback command.
8) NMS delivers port showdown command.
9) NMS delivers flash clear command.
10) NMS delivers frame reset command.
11) NMS delivers logic loading command.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.6.4 Test Task Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x17300002 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Test task cancel.


Test FrameID, Test SlotID, Tested SlotID, Tested SlotID,
Alarm Parameter
Tested PortID
1) Test board failed.
2) Tested board failed.
Alarm Cause
3) Tested board which aux-port is on failed.
4) Tested board's capture module failed.
1) For cause one, check the test board, reset the test board,
or change the test board.
2) For cause two, check the tested board, reset the tested
board, or change the tested board.
Suggested
Treatment 3) For cause three, check the tested board which aux-port
is on, reset the tested board which aux-port is on, change
the tested board which aux-port is on.
4) For cause four, check the tested board, check the RATF
board, or reset the tested board.

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8.7 Configuration Data Alarm

8.7.1 Configuration Data Abnormality Alarm

Alarm Alarm Critic


Alarm ID 0x01200000 Event
Type Severity al

Alarm Description Errors exist in configuration data.


Alarm Parameter Configuration data ID.
Alarm Cause Description of data dictionary in the database is invalid.

Suggested
Load the correct configuration data file, and reset the device.
Treatment

8.7.2 Main Control Board’s Configuration Data Initialization Failure Alarm

Alarm Alarm Critic


Alarm ID 0x01200001 Event
Type Severity al
Alarm Description Failed in initializing configuration data of main control board.
Alarm Parameter The slot id of main control board
Configuration data version of the main control board does not
match that of the host software, or configuration data CRC
fails.
Alarm Cause
Active/standby switchover occurs because the configuration
data version of the main control board does not match that of
the host software, or configuration data CRC fails.
Suggested
Reload the configuration data file for this board.
Treatment

8.7.3 Active Data Check Failure Alarm

Alarm Alarm Critic


Alarm ID 0x01200002 Event
Type Severity al
Alarm Description Failed in checking active data, the host runs backup data.
Alarm Parameter The slot of start using backup data

Alarm Cause Data check of the active configuration data area fails.
Suggested Check the configuration data to see if they are complete, and
Treatment then save the data.

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8.8 Board Alarm

8.8.1 Board Fault Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02310000 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Board fault.


Alarm Parameter Frame ID, Slot ID, Board Type
Alarm Cause Communication with the main control board is abnormal.
1) If the communication failure is caused by board reset
command or loading board program, there is no need to
process.
Suggested
2) Check if the board and the backplane are in good
Treatment
contact.
3) Reset the board manually or perform pull-out and plug-in
operation to this board.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x02320000 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Board recovery.


Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board Type
1) Communication with the main control board recovered.
Alarm Cause 2) A supplementary recovery alarm is generated because
the board is deleted or disabled when it is faulty.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.8.2 TDM Resources Shortage Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300005 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Board runs short of TDM resources.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board Type
Alarm Cause No more TDM resources are available.
Suggested Reconfigure boards, such as adjusting quantity, modifying
Treatment board's operating mode, to release the TDM resource.

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300008 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Port runs short of TDM resources.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Board Type
Alarm Cause No more TDM resources are available.
Suggested Reconfigure boards, such as adjusting quantity, modifying
Treatment board's operating mode, to release the TDM resource.

8.8.3 Physical and Configured Frame Types Inconsistency Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300008 Event Major
Type Severity

Failed in sending configuration data, since actual frame type


Alarm Description
is different from the configured type.
Alarm Parameter The frame type at present, The frame type in database
1) The main control board is in loose contact with the
backplane.
Alarm Cause
2) The actual frame type is not consistent with the
configured frame type in the database.
1) For cause one, check if the main control board contacts
backplane well.
Suggested
Treatment 2) For cause two, check if the actual frame type is
consistent with data configuration. If not, reload the data,
or change the frame.

8.8.4 Main Control Board’s Subboard Change Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300042 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Subboard type in main control board changed.


Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Old sub0, Old sub1, New sub0, New sub1
1) Subboard type in main control board replace failed, and
the combination of subboard type is not supported.
Alarm Cause
2) Subboard type in main control board replace failed, and
the condition is not satisfied.
1) For cause one, check subboard type of main control
Suggested board.
Treatment 2) For cause two, check the status and service of subboard
in main control board.

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8.8.5 Invalid Subboards Combination Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300043 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Subboards type in main control board do not match.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, sub0, sub1
The combination of subboards on main control board is not
Alarm Cause
supported.

Suggested
Check subboards of main control board.
Treatment

8.8.6 Active/Standby Boards’ Subboards Inconsistency Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300075 Fault Major
Type Severity
The number and types of subboards of active and standby
Alarm Description boards’ in consistency or active board's subboard fault
causes data synchronization unable to process.

++ Active slot ID, Standby slot ID


The number or types of subboards of active and standby
Alarm Cause boards are inconsistent, or the active boards’ subboards
failed.

Suggested Check if the subboards of active boards and standby boards


Treatment are consistent. If not, make them consistent.

8.8.7 Board Replace

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0230003c Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Board is replaced.
Alarm Parameter Frame ID, Slot ID, Old board Name, New board Name
Alarm Cause Communication with the main control board recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.8.8 Hardware Abnormality Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x023000aa Event Major
Type Severity
Exception occurs in the corresponding hardware, which may
Alarm Description
result in switchover.

Alarm Parameter Frame ID, Slot ID, Hardware type, Fault Type.
Alarm Cause Corresponding hardware failure.

Suggested Contact the vendor.


Treatment If the failure has affected normal services, replace this board.

8.9 Environment Monitoring Alarm

8.9.1 EMU-program Load Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20001e Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Loading emu-program start.
Alarm Parameter EMU ID, loadtype
Alarm Cause Load started.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b20001f Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Loading emu-program failed.
Alarm Parameter EMU ID, loadtype, fail reason
Alarm Cause Load failure.
Suggested
Check according to failure cause and reload.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0b200020 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Loading emu-program success.


Alarm Parameter EMU ID, loadtype
Alarm Cause Load completed.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.2 Fan Speed-regulating Mode or Opening Mode Changes

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401000 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fan speed-regulating mode or opening mode changes.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, EMU Type, Control State, Open State
Environmental temperature or fan configuration parameter
Alarm Cause
changed.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.3 Battery Charging Mode Changes

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401002 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Battery charging mode changes.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type,
Alarm Parameter
Charge State
1) Battery charging mode changed automatically.
Alarm Cause
2) Change battery charging mode manually.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.4 AC Input Changes

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401005 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description AC input changes.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type,
Alarm Parameter
Switch Result

Alarm Cause Current AC input fault.


Suggested
Check the AC input current.
Treatment

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8.9.5 ESC Power Event Information

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401008 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Esc power event information.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type , Power Type,
Alarm Parameter
Hysics Variable Name, Physics Variable State
Alarm Cause Universal power module fault.
Suggested
Check the working status of the universal power module.
Treatment

8.9.6 Rectifier Mode Changes

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1540100a Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Rectifier mode changes.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Rectifier ID, EMU Type
Alarm Cause Rectifier working parameter changed.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.7 AC Air Breaker State Changes

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1540100c Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC air breaker state changes.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause AC air breaker broken down.
Suggested
Check the breaker of the AC air breaker or the load.
Treatment

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8.9.8 Lightning Protection Unit Breakdown or Damage

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1540100d Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Lightning protection unit breakdown or damage.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type,
Alarm Parameter
Thunder Proof Switch State
Alarm Cause Lightning protection unit broken down.
Suggested
Replace the lightning protection unit of good quality.
Treatment

8.9.9 Battery Power-off Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401010 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description The configuration of power module is inconsistent with facts.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID


Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.
Suggested
Check the battery, recharge in time or replace it.
Treatment

8.9.10 Battery Discharge Test Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401011 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Battery discharge test started.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
1) Someone has started test.
Alarm Cause
2) Auto test has been executed.
Suggested
Confirm if the test is necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15401012 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery discharge test stopped.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID,EMU Type, Power Type

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Alarm Cause Discharge test stop.


Suggested
Query test result.
Treatment

8.9.11 EMU Fault

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411000 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Emu is faulty or cannot communicate with the host.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, EMU Type, Name
1) EMU fault.
Alarm Cause 2) Communication serial port damaged or line failed.
3) EMU is reset manually.
1) For cause one, replace the EMU.
Suggested 2) For cause two, check the communication serial port and
Treatment line.
3) For cause three, no need to process.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421000 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Emu recovery alarm.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, EMU Type, Name
Communication between the board and the master board
Alarm Cause
recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.12 Analog Exceeding Threshold

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411001 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold overflow.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID , EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411002 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog upper limit overflow.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name

Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit of


Alarm Cause
the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411003 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog lower limit overflow alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection is lower than the preset lower limit
Alarm Cause
of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421001 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery alarm.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type , Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421002 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Analog upper limit overflow recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421003 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Analog lower limit overflow recovery alarm.

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Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type , Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.13 Actual and Configured Digital Values Inconsistency

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411005 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital is inconsistent with the configured value.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421005 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery alarm.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name.

Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.14 Power Module Fault or Failure to Communicate with EMU

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411007 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Power module is faulty or cannot communicate with EMU.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
1) Power module fault.
2) Communication between power module and monitoring
Alarm Cause
unit is abnormal.
3) Power module is reset manually.
1) For cause one, replace the power module.
Suggested 2) For cause two, check the communication line between
Treatment the power module and EMU.
3) For cause three, no need to process.

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421007 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Power recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type

Communication between the board and the master board


Alarm Cause
recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.15 AC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411008 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description AC abnormal alarm.

FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID, EMU Type,
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
Alarm Cause AC input voltage is overvoltage or undervoltage.
Suggested 1) Check the AC input power supply.
Treatment 2) Adjust the AC input voltage threshold appropriately.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411009 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC over-voltage alarm.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID, EMU Type,
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
Alarm Cause AC input voltage is overvoltage.

Suggested 1) Check the AC input power supply.


Treatment 2) Adjust the AC input voltage threshold appropriately.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541100a Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC under-voltage alarm.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID, EMU Type,
Alarm Parameter
Power Type.

Alarm Cause AC input voltage is undervoltage.


Suggested 1) Check the AC input power supply.
Treatment 2) Adjust the AC input voltage threshold appropriately.

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421008 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description AC abnormal recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID. EMU Type.
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
1) AC input voltage recovered.
Alarm Cause
2) Power module number equals zero.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421009 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description AC over-voltage recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID. EMU Type.
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
1) AC input voltage recovered.
Alarm Cause
2) Power module number equals zero.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542100a Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description AC under-voltage recovery alarm.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID. EMU Type.
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
1) AC input voltage recovered.
Alarm Cause
2) Power module number equals zero.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.16 DC Input Overvoltage/Undervoltage Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541100b Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC over-voltage alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type

Alarm Cause DC input voltage is overvoltage.


Suggested 1) Check the working status of the power module.

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Treatment 2) Adjust the DC output voltage threshold appropriately.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541100d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC under-voltage alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause DC output voltage is undervoltage.
Suggested 1) Check the working status of the power module.
Treatment 2) Adjust the DC output voltage threshold appropriately.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542100b Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description DC over-voltage recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID , EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause DC output voltage recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542100d Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description DC under-voltage recovery alarm.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID , EMU Type, Power Type

Alarm Cause DC output voltage recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.17 Battery Power-off Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411010 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery off alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.
Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421010 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Battery off recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID , EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery power-off recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.18 Load Power-off

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411011 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Load off alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.

Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421011 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Load off recovery alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID , EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Load power-off recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.19 Mains Supply Offline

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411012 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Mains supply offline alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause No Mains.
Suggested
Check if the Mains are OK.
Treatment

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421012 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Mains supply offline recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID , EMU Type, Power Type
1) Mains recovered.
Alarm Cause
2) Power module number equals zero.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.20 Batteries Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411013 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery fuse broken alarm.
FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID ,EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery fuse is blown.
Suggested
Replace the fuse.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411014 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Battery contact broken alarm.


FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID ,EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery contactor is broken.

Suggested
Check and replace the contactor when necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411015 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery loop broken alarm.
FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID ,EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type

Alarm Cause Battery loop is broken.


Suggested Check if the fuse is blown, and then check if the loop of the
Treatment battery is normal.

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421013 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Blown battery fuse recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery fuse recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421014 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Broken battery contact recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type

Alarm Cause Battery contactor recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421015 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Broken battery loop recovery alarm.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery loop recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.21 Power-off Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411016 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description User module off alarm.
FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID ,EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.

Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411017 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Transmission module off alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.
Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421016 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description User module off recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type.

Alarm Cause User module power supply recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421017 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Transmission module off recovery alarm.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Transmission module power supply recovered
Suggested
No need to process
Treatment

8.9.22 Load Fuse Broken Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411018 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Load fuses broken alarm.
FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Load fuse is blown.

Suggested
Replace the fuse.
Treatment

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421018 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Blown Load fuse recovery alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID,Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Load fuse replaced.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.23 AC Module Out of Service Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411019 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description AC module out of service alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
1) AC distribution panel fault.
Alarm Cause 2) Communication between AC distribution panel and
power monitoring module is abnormal.
1) For cause one, replace the AC distribution panel.
Suggested 2) For cause two, check the communication line between
Treatment the AC distribution panel and the power monitoring
module.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421019 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description AC module Communication recovery alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Communication between the board and the master board
Alarm Cause
recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.9.24 Battery Charging Over-current Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery charging over-current alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID, EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery charging current is too large.
Suggested
Check if the loop of the battery is normal.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101a Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Battery charging over-current recovery.

FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Battery ID , EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
Alarm Cause Battery charging current recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.25 Battery Charging Under-voltage Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101b Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Battery under-voltage alarm.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery is undervoltage.

Suggested Check the working environment of the battery. Recharge or


Treatment replace it if necessary.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101b Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Battery under-voltage recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.9.26 Load Power-off Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Second Load off alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.
Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description First load off alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Battery voltage is too low.

Suggested
Check the battery. Recharge or replace it if necessary.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101c Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Second load off recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type
Alarm Cause Load twice power-off recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101d Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description First load off recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type

Alarm Cause Load once power-off recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.9.27 Ac Input Offline Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description AC input offline alarm.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID, EMU Type,
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
Alarm Cause AC input stopped.
Suggested
Check if the AC input is correct.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101e Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description AC input loop offline recovery alarm.

FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, AC Loop ID, EMU Type,


Alarm Parameter
Power Type
Alarm Cause This AC input power supply recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.28 ESC Power Fault

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541101f Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Esc power fault alarm.


FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID,EMU Type, Power Type,
Alarm Parameter
Physics Variable Name, Physics Variable State

Work status or the working parameters of power supply


Alarm Cause
changed.

Suggested
Check the working environment of this power supply.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x1542101f Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Esc power recovery.
FRAME ID, EMU ID, EMU Type, Power Type , Power ID,
Alarm Parameter
Physics Variable Name, Physics Variable State

Alarm Cause Universal power module recovered.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.29 Rectifier Fault

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411020 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Rectifier fault alarm.
FRAME ID,EMU ID, Power ID, Rectifier ID,EMU Type, Power
Alarm Parameter
Type
1) Rectifier module fault.
2) Communication between rectifier module with power
Alarm Cause monitoring module is abnormal.
3) Rectifier module fails.
4) Rectifier module enters protection working status.
1) For cause one, check if the rectifier module is in good
contact; Replace this rectifier if necessary.
Suggested 2) For cause two, check the communication line between
Treatment this rectifier module and power monitoring module.
3) For cause three and four, check the working status of this
rectifier module.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421020 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description Rectifier recovery.


FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, Rectifier ID, EMU Type,
Alarm Parameter
Power Type
1) Rectifier module recovered.
Alarm Cause
2) Power module number equals zero.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.30 DC Module Out of Service Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411021 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC module out of service alarm.
Alarm Parameter RAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type

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1) DC distribution panel fault.


Alarm Cause 2) Communication between DC distribution panel and
power monitoring module is abnormal.
1) Replace the DC distribution panel.
Suggested
Treatment 2) Check the communication panel between this DC
distribution panel and the power monitoring module.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x15421021 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description DC module Communication recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Power ID, EMU Type, Power Type.
Communication between the rectifier module and the master
Alarm Cause
board recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.31 Digital Values Abnormal Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411100 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC voltage abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411101 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC switch abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411102 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery voltage abnormal.

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Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411103 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery fuse abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411104 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Load fuse abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411105 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Rectifier abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411106 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC power abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411107 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Cupboard door abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411108 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Room door abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID ,EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411109 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Window abnormal alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Thief abnormal alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110b Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Wiring abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fan abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110d Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Fire abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fog abnormal.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541110f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Water abnormal alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411110 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Diesel abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411111 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Smell abnormal alarm
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411112 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Air-condition abnormal alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411113 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Arrester abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411114 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description DC voltage abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411115 Fault
Type Severity
Alarm Description Output control switch abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421100 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC voltage recovery.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421101 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description AC switch recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421102 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery voltage recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421103 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Battery fuse recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421104 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Load fuse recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421105 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Rectifier recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421106 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC power recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x154211007 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Cupboard door recovery.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421108 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Room door recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421109 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Window recovery.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542110a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Thief recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542110b Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Wiring recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542110c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fan recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542110d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fire recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x154211e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fog recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542110f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Water recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421110 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Diesel recovery.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421111 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Smell recovery.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421112 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Air-condition recovery.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421113 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Arrester recovery.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421114 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC voltage recovery
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421115 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Output control switch recovery
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.32 Digital Parameter User-defined Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411140 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-0
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411141 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-1

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411142 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-2
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411143 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-3
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411144 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-4
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411145 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-5

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411146 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-6
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411147 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-7


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411148 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-8
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411149 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-9


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-10

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114b Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-11
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-12
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-13
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-14

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541114f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-15
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411150 Fault Major
Type Severity
Digital abnormal private-alarm-16 , DC module out of service
Alarm Description
alarm

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Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411151 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-17
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411152 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-18


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411153 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-19


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411154 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-20
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411155 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-21
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411156 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-22
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411157 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-23

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411158 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-24
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411159 Fault Major
Type Severity
Digital abnormal private-alarm-31 , DC module out of service
Alarm Description
alarm

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Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-26
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115b Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-27


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.


Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115c Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-28


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-29
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-30
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541115f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital abnormal private-alarm-31
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value mismatches the preset effective value.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this switch sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421140 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-0

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421141 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-1
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421142 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-2


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421143 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-3
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421144 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-4


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421145 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-5

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421146 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-6
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421147 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-7
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421148 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-8
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421149 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-9

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-10
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114b Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-11


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-12
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114d Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-13


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-14

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542114f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-15
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421150 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-16
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421151 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-17
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421152 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-18

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421153 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-19
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421154 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-20


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421155 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-21
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421156 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-22


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421157 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-23

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421158 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-24
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421159 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-25
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-26
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115b Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-27

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-28
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115d Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-29


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-30
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542115f Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Digital recovery private-alarm-31


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Digital ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Boolean value recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.33 Analog Abnormal Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411201 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Temperature abnormal.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411202 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Humidity abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.

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Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or


Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411203 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description DC voltage abnormal.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411204 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description AC voltage abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421201 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Temperature recovery alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421202 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Humidity recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.

Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421203 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Voltage recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421204 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Current recovery alarm.

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name.
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.9.34 Analog User-defined Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411230 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-0
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411231 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-1
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

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Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411232 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-2
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411233 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-3


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411234 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-4

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411235 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-5
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411236 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-6
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name

Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or


Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411237 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-7
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411238 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-8


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15411239 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-9


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123a Fault Major
Type Severity

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Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-10


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123b Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-11
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123c Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-12


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123d Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-13
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.

Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-14
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name

Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or


Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1541123f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold private-alarm-15
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Analog quantity collection exceeds the preset upper limit or
Alarm Cause
lower limit of the alarm.
Suggested
Check the monitoring target of this analog sensor.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421230 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-0


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421231 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-1
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421232 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-2

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Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421233 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-3
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421234 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-4


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name

Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421235 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-5


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421236 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-6
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421237 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-7
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421238 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-8
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x15421239 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-9

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123a Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-10
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123b Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-11


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name

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Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123c Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-12
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123d Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-13


Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123e Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-14

Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x1542123f Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Analog threshold recovery private-alarm-15
Alarm Parameter FRAME ID, EMU ID, Analog ID, EMU Type, Name
Alarm Cause Analog quantity recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.10 ADSL/ADSL2+ Alarm

8.10.1 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Activation Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300012 Event warning
Type Severity

Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ Port being activated.


Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause The user runs the command to activate the port successfully.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300013 Event warning
Type Severity
Alarm Description Line-caused auto ADSL/ADSL2+ port deactivation.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
1) Line Fault.
2) Line deteriorated.
Alarm Cause
3) ATU-R power-off.
4) Parameter setting of port activation template is improper.
1) For cause one, check if the line is broken.
2) For cause two, check the line quality.
Suggested 3) For cause three, check if the power supply for ATU-R is
Treatment normal.
4) For cause four, adjust parameters of port activating
template.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300015 Event Warning
Type Severity
Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ port reactivation after line recovery.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


1) The user runs the command to activate the port.
Alarm Cause
2) The system automatically activated the port.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300016 Event Warning
Type Severity

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Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ port deactivation.


Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
The user runs the command to deactivate the port
Alarm Cause
successfully.

Suggested The port can be reactivated only after the activating command
Treatment has been executed.

8.10.2 ADSL/ADSL2+ Port Performance Statistics Reaching Threshold Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300017 Event Major
Type Severity
ADSL/ADSL2+ port performance statistics reaches the
Alarm Description
threshold.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port, Thres ID
1) Line deteriorated.
Alarm Cause
2) Alarm threshold is too low.
1) For cause one, check line quality.
Suggested 2) For cause two, check the correlative item according to
Treatment alarm threshold ID. Modify the threshold if the value is
not appropriate.

8.10.3 ADSL/ADSL2+ Chipset Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a310019 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ chipset is not available.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Chipset ID


1) Chipset is faulty
Alarm Cause
2) Chipset is reset manually.
1) For cause one, reset the chipset or board. If the fault
Suggested persists, replace the board.
Treatment 2) For cause two, reset the chipset or board. If the fault
persists, replace the board.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x0a320019 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ chipset recovered.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Chipset ID

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Alarm Cause Chipset recovered.


Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.10.4 ADSL/ADSL2+ ATU-R Power-off Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300050 Event Minor
Type Severity

Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ ATU-R loss of its power.


Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause ATU-R loses its power.
Suggested
Check the power of ATU-R.
Treatment

8.10.5 ADSL/ADSL2+ Line Signal Loss Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300051 Event Minor
Type Severity

Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ No signal received.


Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause No signal received.

Suggested Check if cable is connected correctly, and measure the


Treatment received signals.

8.10.6 ADSL/ADSL2+ Link Loss Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300052 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description ADSL/ADSL2+ No link detected.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause ADSL/ADSL2+ no link detected.

Suggested Check if cable is connected correctly.


Treatment Check if the ATU-R is working.

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8.11 SHDSL Alarm

8.11.1 SHDSL Port Activation

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300090 Event Warning
Type Severity
The user deactivates the port or the port deactivates
Alarm Description
automatically.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


1) The user runs the command to deactivate the port.
2) Port deactivated automatically: SNR below the normal
lower limit.
3) Port deactivated automatically: Loss of frame
Alarm Cause
synchronization.
4) Port deactivated automatically: CRC error generated
consecutively.
5) Port deactivated automatically: DSP reset.
1) For cause one, no need to process.
2) For cause two, three and four, check if cable connection
Suggested
is normal; Check if STU-R is normal; Check if there are
Treatment
scramble signals.
3) For cause five, no need to process.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300091 Event Warning
Type Severity
Alarm Description Users activate the port or the port activates automatically.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


1) The user inputs port activation command.
Alarm Cause
2) Port activates automatically.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.11.2 SHDSL Port Fault

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a310092 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL Port fault.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port.

Alarm Cause G.SHDSL chipset failure

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1) Reset chipset.
Suggested
2) Reset service board.
Treatment
3) Replace service board.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x0a320092 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL port recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause G.SHDSL port recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.11.3 G.SHDSL CO SNR Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300093 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO SNR overflows.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


Alarm Cause G.SHDSL SNR reaches or is less than the threshold.
Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

8.11.4 G.SHDSL CO Loop Attenuation Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300094 Event Minor
Type Severity

Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO Loop Attenuation overflows.


Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
Alarm Cause G.SHDSL loop attenuation reaches or exceeds the threshold.
Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

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8.11.5 G.SHDSL CO Errored Seconds Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300095 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO errored second overflow.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
G.SHDSL errored seconds at the central office reach or
Alarm Cause
exceed the threshold.

Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

8.11.6 G.SHDSL CO Severely Errored Seconds Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300096 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO severely errored second overflow.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


G.SHDSL severely errored second at the central office
Alarm Cause
reaches or exceeds the threshold.

Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

8.11.7 G.SHDSL CO CRC Errors Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300097 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO CRC overflows.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
G.SHDSL CRC errors at the central office reach or exceed the
Alarm Cause
threshold.
Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

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8.11.8 G.SHDSL CO Loss of Synchronization Word Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300098 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO loss of synchronization word overflows.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
G.SHDSL synchronous word loss second at the central office
Alarm Cause
reaches or exceeds the threshold.

Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

8.11.9 G.SHDSL CO Unavailable Seconds Overflow

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a300099 Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO unavailable second overflow.

Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port


G.SHDSL unavailable second at the central office reaches or
Alarm Cause
exceeds the threshold.

Suggested
Check the line quality.
Treatment

8.11.10 SHDSL STU-R Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0a30009d Event Minor
Type Severity
Alarm Description G.SHDSL CO detects no link on the port.
Alarm Parameter Frame, Slot, Port
G.SHDSL STU-R doesn't connect with CO or has no
Alarm Cause
response.
Suggested
Check if cable connection with STU-R is correct.
Treatment

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8.12 Service and Function Alarm

8.12.1 MAC Addresses Conflict Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x10300002 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description MAC addresses conflict.


Alarm Parameter MAC1, MAC2, MAC3, MAC4, MAC5, MAC6
The mac address of interface cannot be the same with the
Alarm Cause
peripheral's.
Suggested
Ask for help of manufacturer.
Treatment

8.12.2 ISU Uplink-port Failure Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x3c210000 Fault Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description ISU uplink-port failure alarm.


Alarm Parameter SCU frameid, SCU slotid, ISU frameid, ISU slotid
Alarm Cause ISU uplink-port failed.
Suggested
Check ISU uplink-port.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x3c220000 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description ISU uplink-port recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter SCU frameid, SCU slotid, ISU frameid, ISU slotid
Alarm Cause ISU uplink-port is OK, SCU uplink-port changed successfully.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x3c300001 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description SCU uplink-port change alarm.
Alarm Parameter SCU frameid, SCU slotid, ISU frameid, ISU slotid
ISU uplink-port failed, and caused uplink-port of SCU to
Alarm Cause
change.

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Suggested
Check ISU uplink-port.
Treatment

8.12.3 Device Communication Alarm

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x05020000 Major
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Communication to destination node recovers.
Alarm Parameter Node ID
Alarm Cause Route to destination node recovers.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.12.4 VLAN L3 Interface Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x28010001 Fault Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description VLAN interface link down.

Alarm Parameter interface type, interface number


1) Hardware Fault.
Alarm Cause
2) Loss of frame.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x28020001 Major
Type very Severity

Alarm Description L3 interface link up.


Alarm Parameter interface type, interface number
1) Loss of signal.
Alarm Cause
2) Manual switch.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.12.5 Bandwidth CAC Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x2b100000 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fail to pass bandwidth CAC.
The first part of IP address, The second part of IP address,
Alarm Parameter The third part of IP address, The last part of IP address,
Frame ID, Slot ID, Root port ID

Alarm Cause The root port fails to pass the bandwidth CAC.
Suggested
No need to process
Treatment

8.13 L2 Protocol Function Alarm

8.13.1 RSTP Protocol Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29100001 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Data ring created.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, PortID,SlotID
Alarm Cause Port is in a loopback topology.
Suggested Check the topology which the port participate in, eliminate the
Treatment loopback condition, and then unblock the port.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29000002 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Port STP status changed to forwarding.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, PortID, SlotID
Alarm Cause Port is set to forwarding state.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29000003 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Port STP status changed to discarding.


Alarm Parameter FrameID, PortID, SlotID
Alarm Cause Port is set to blocking state.

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Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.13.2 XPoA Access Function Alarm

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29000004 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description IPoA user source IP conflict.
Origin SlotID, Origin SlotID, Origin vpi, Origin vci, New
Alarm Parameter
SlotID, New PortID, New vpi, New vci, Conflict Srcip

Alarm Cause The terminal user changed its IP address.


Suggested Check the new position of the conflict IP address, assure
Treatment user's IP is different.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29000005 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description PPPoA user destmac resource exhausted.


Alarm Parameter Current number of PPPoA dstmac

Alarm Cause PPPoA has too many PPPoE servers.


Suggested
Simplify the network, and limit the server's number within 64.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x29000006 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description XPoA user srcmac resource exhausted.


Alarm Parameter Current number of XPoA srcmac
Alarm Cause Srcmac pool is too small.

Suggested
Add srcmac pool.
Treatment

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8.14 Clock Alarm

8.14.1 SDH/TDM System Clock Source Switch

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300003 Event Major
Type Severity

Alarm Description Clock SDH source switch.


Alarm Parameter Clock SourceID
1) The port locking clock source is abnormal.
Alarm Cause
2) The clock source with higher priority recovered.
1) Four cause one, check if the port with previous clock
reference operates well.
Suggested
2) Four cause one, check if the external cable connects this
Treatment
port well.
3) For cause three, there is no need to process.

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300004 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Clock TDM source switch.
Alarm Parameter Clock SourceID
1) The port locking clock source is abnormal.
Alarm Cause
2) The clock source with higher priority recovered.
1) For cause one, check if the port with previous clock
reference operates well.
Suggested
2) For cause two, check if the external cable connects this
Treatment
port well.
3) For cause 2, there is no need to process.

8.14.2 Clock SDH/TDM Source Locking Failure

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300006 Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fail to lock clock SDH source.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID
The former clock source port is abnormal, or the clock source
Alarm Cause
with higher priority recovered.
Suggested 1) Check if lead-in cable for clock reference connects well.
Treatment 2) Measure the input signal quality of the clock reference.

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Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02300007 3` Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Fail to lock clock TDM source.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID

The former clock source port is abnormal, or the clock source


Alarm Cause
with higher priority recovered.
Suggested 1) Check if lead-in cable for clock reference connects well.
Treatment 2) Measure the input signal quality of the clock reference.

8.14.3 Clock SDH/TDM Resource Locking Recovered

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0230001e Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Clock SDH source is locked again.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID
Alarm Cause Clock resource locking recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0230001f Event Major
Type Severity
Alarm Description Clock TDM source is locked again.

Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID


Alarm Cause Clock resource locking recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.14.4 Clock Source Loss

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02310001 Fault Critical
Type Severity
Alarm Description Loss of clock source.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID
Alarm Cause Loss of clock source.
Suggested Check if the input cable for clock reference source connects
Treatment well.

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Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x02320001 Critical
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Clock source recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Clock SourceID
1) A supplementary recovery alarm is generated because
Alarm Cause clock source is deleted when the port is abnormal.
2) Recovery of clock source.
1) For cause one, no need to process.
2) For cause two, check if the input cable for clock reference
Suggested
source connects well.
Treatment
3) For cause three, measure the input signal quality of the
clock reference.

8.14.5 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x02310002 Fault Critical
Type Severity

Alarm Description Clock subboard communication abnormal.


Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID
Communication between the clock subboard and the main
Alarm Cause
control board is abnormal.
Suggested 1) Check if the clock subboard connects well.
Treatment 2) Replace the clock subboard.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x02320002 Critical
Type very Severity
Alarm Description Clock subboard recovery alarm.

Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID


Communication between the clock subboard and the main
Alarm Cause
control board recovered.
Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

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8.14.6 Clock Subboard Communication Abnormality

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0231000a Fault Critical
Type Severity
Alarm Description Loss of BITS clock source
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Bits Index
Alarm Cause There is no input on BITS clock port.
Suggested Check if the input cable for BITS clock reference source
Treatment connects well.

Alarm Reco Alarm


Alarm ID 0x0232000a Critical
Type very Severity
Alarm Description BITS clock source recovery alarm.
Alarm Parameter FrameID, SlotID, Bits Index.
Alarm Cause BITS clock port input recovered.

Suggested
No need to process.
Treatment

8.14.7 Active/Standby Boards’ Clock Subboard Inconsistency

Alarm Alarm
Alarm ID 0x0230001b Event Major
Type Severity
Clock subboard type of active board is different from that of
Alarm Description
standby board.
Alarm Parameter -
Clock subboard type of the active and standby boards is
Alarm Cause
inconsistent.

Suggested Clock subboard type of the active and standby boards is


Treatment inconsistent.

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Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment


Maintenance

In order to guarantee long-term stable running of the MA5600, the maintenance


personnel need to maintain the MA5600 routinely.

This chapter guides you how to maintain the MA5600, including:


z Introduction to Equipment Maintenance, on Page 9-1
z Guide to Daily Equipment Maintenance, on Page 9-4
z Guide to Monthly Equipment Maintenance, on Page 9-8
z Guide to Quarterly Equipment Maintenance, on Page 9-10
z Guide to Yearly Equipment Maintenance, on Page 9-13

9.1 Introduction to Equipment Maintenance

9.1.1 Requirements on Equipment Maintenance

In order to guarantee long-term stable running of the MA5600, the maintenance


personnel need to maintain the MA5600 routinely according to the following
requirements:
z Keep the equipment room clean and neat so as to keep mice and worms from
entering into the equipment.
z Strictly prohibit installation of software unrelated to equipment maintenance in the
maintenance terminal.
z Perform routine, monthly/quarterly, and yearly maintenance of the MA5600, and
fill in the required equipment maintenance forms according to this chapter.
z Handle the device faults after finding them in routine maintenance according to the
methods introduced in the related chapters and sections, and keep the related
records. Contact the local office of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (Huawei) in time
to solve problems that are difficult to deal with.
z Wear anti-static wrist straps or gloves before operating hardware of the devices.
z Do not insert, pull out, reset, or load a board at discretion. Do not put a faulty board
in the cabinet to avoid other troubles caused by it.
z Back up data before modifying them, and keep the related records.
z Strictly manage the network management system (NMS) accounts, and change
your accounts and passwords from time to time.

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9.1.2 Equipment Maintenance Methods

There are multiple methods for maintaining the MA5600 according to different
classifications.

I. By implementation

z Normal maintenance
With normal maintenance methods, such as querying the operating parameters
and port states of the MA5600, the maintenance personnel can analyze the
operation conditions of the devices.
z Abnormal maintenance
With abnormal maintenance methods, the maintenance personnel can check
whether the performance of the MA5600 has weakened or the system function
has aged.

For example, to avoid occurrence of faults in the alarm system, the maintenance
personnel can set some faults purposely to observe whether the MA5600 can
report alarms correctly.

II. By maintenance period

z Daily maintenance
Daily maintenance means daily required maintenance of the MA5600. Through
routine maintenance, the maintenance personnel can learn the operation of the
MA5600 at all times, so as to find and solve problems in time.

Record in detail the problems found in routine maintenance to provide basis for
locating and solving these problems in time.
z Periodical routine maintenance
Periodical routine maintenance means periodical maintenance of the MA5600.
Through periodical maintenance, the maintenance personnel can learn the
long-term performance of the MA5600. Periodical routine maintenance consists of
monthly, quarterly, and yearly maintenance.
z Unexpected maintenance
Unexpected maintenance means maintenance resulting from device faults and
network adjustments, such as maintenance required for faults reported by
subscribers, damages to MA5600, and line faults.

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9.1.3 Equipment Maintenance Forms

According to different maintenance methods, equipment maintenance forms of


different styles are designed. The maintenance personnel can maintain the MA5600
according to the items listed in these forms, and fill in the corresponding forms.

The following introduces in brief the purposes of different maintenance forms. For the
formats of this forms, refer to "Appendix B Frequently Used Forms for Routine
Maintenance and Troubleshooting".

I. Log

This form is used to record the routing performance of the MA5600. It contains such
items as running sate and running environment of the MA5600.

Refer to “9.2 Guide to Daily Equipment Maintenance” to learn how to fill in this form.

II. Monthly Maintenance Record Form

This form lists the monthly maintenance items for the MA5600, such as check of the
main control system and running environment of the MA5600.

Refer to “9.3 Guide to Monthly Equipment Maintenance” to learn how to fill in this form.

III. Quarterly Maintenance Record Form

This form lists the quarterly maintenance items for the MA5600, such as check of the
main control system, the electromechanic system, and the grounding system.

Refer to “9.4 Guide to Quarterly Equipment Maintenance to learn how to fill in this form.

IV. Yearly Maintenance Record Form

This form lists the yearly maintenance items for the MA5600, such as active/standby
switchover of the main control system, and check grounding of the equipment.

Refer to “9.5 Guide to Yearly Equipment Maintenance” to learn how to fill in this form.

V. Routine Unexpected Troubleshooting Record

This form is used to record daily non-serious faults occurred suddenly, as the basis for
troubleshooting.

VI. Board Change Record

This form is used to keep the board change records.

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VII. Office Data Modification Record

This form is used to keep office data modification records.

9.2 Guide to Daily Equipment Maintenance

The daily maintenance of the MA5600 mainly includes maintenance of the main control
system, the alarm system, all services, as well as the running environment of the
MA5600. The following introduces how to maintain them.

9.2.1 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Main Control System

Table 9-1 Guide to daily equipment maintenance of the main control system

Maintenance items Operation guide Reference index


Use the command display
“online” is displayed when the fiber
Querying the fiber board to query the fiber
connection is normal. Otherwise, “offline”
connection state connection state (Link
is displayed.
State) of the optical port.

Normal Service board


Fail Service board

Use the command display Active -Normal SCU


Querying the running board 0 to query the
Standby-Normal SCU
state of the board running state of a board in
the specified frame. Prohibit Service board
Config Service board
Auto_find Service board
This command enables the maintenance
Use the command display
personnel to query whether users have
Querying the system log to query the operating
performed unauthorized operations or
log records of all users or
operations that have caused serious effect
specified users.
on the system.

Normally, the service board’s CPU


Use the command display occupation rate does not exceed 20%. The
Querying the board
cup to query the board's board's CPU occupation rate is high only
CPU occupation rate
CUP occupation rate. when it is saving data or writing data to
Flash, but this process is short.

Use the command display


Querying system The time shall be the same as the actual
time to query the system
time time.
date and time.

Use the command display


Querying users that This command enables the maintenance
terminal user to query user
can manage the personnel to check whether user
level and whether users are
system authorities are allocated correctly.
online or offline.

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Maintenance items Operation guide Reference index


Querying the system Check whether the system prompts are
/
prompts consistent with those as planned.

9.2.2 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Alarm System

Table 9-2 Guide to routine maintenance of the alarm system

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


Use the command display alarm This enables the maintenance
Querying major
history alarmlevel major to query personnel to query the causes for
alarms
historic major alarms. the alarms and solutions.

Use the command display alarm This enables the maintenance


Querying critical
history alarmlevel critical to query personnel to query the causes for
alarms
historic critical alarms. the alarms and solutions.

9.2.3 Guide to Daily Maintenance of xDSL Services

Table 9-3 Guide to daily maintenance of xDSL services

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


Use the command display
Normally, the port state must be “activated".
Querying the port board to query the port state
In any other states, the port cannot transmit
state of a board of a specified board in a
services.
frame.

This enables the maintenance personnel to


Use the command display query the parameters of an xDSL line
Querying an xDSL xdsl line-profile to query profile, especially whether the rate is
line profile the parameters of an xDSL consistent with that as planned. Detailed
line profile. records must be kept for different categories
of users for future reference.
This enables the maintenance personnel to
According to the Alarm ID, check whether a port has been activated
use the command display and/or deactivated frequently (more than
alarm statistics command five times a day, the default value).
to query the ADSL service
alarm statistics. The reason why a port is frequently
activated and/or deactivated may be:
Querying an xDSL Before querying alarm
service alarm statistics, use the command z An xDSL port related problem. Use the
alarm statistics alarmid to command display parameter to query
enable the alarm's statistics the parameter settings of the port, and
tag, and set the thresholds use the command display line
for the corresponding operation to query the line running state
alarms. of the port.
z A line related problem.

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Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


z That the user enables or disables his
Modem frequently.

9.2.4 Guide to Daily Maintenance of Ethernet Services

Table 9-4 Guide to daily maintenance of Ethernet services

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


Use the command display This helps the maintenance personnel to
Querying the port board to query the port state check whether the negotiated port rate
mode of a board of a specified board in a and working mode are consistent with the
frame. LAN board configuration.
This helps the maintenance personnel to
query the ports contained in each VLAN,
Querying ports Use the command display
whether a port is contained in more than
contained in a vlan to query the VLAN
one VLAN so that the PCs in these VLANs
VLAN information.
can receive broadcast packets from this
port.
According to the Alarm ID,
use the command display
alarm statistics to query the
LAN service alarm statistics.
This enables the maintenance personnel
Querying LAN Before querying alarm to query the causes for the alarms and
service alarms statistics, use the command solutions.
alarm statistics alarmid to
enable the alarm's statistics
tag, and set the thresholds
for the corresponding alarms.
Use the command display This helps the maintenance personnel to
Querying the data
port traffic to query the check the data traffic received or
traffic of a port
current data traffic of a port. transmitted by the port is normal.

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Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


Check the port statistics time and again,
and pay attention to:
z Whether the statistical data frames are
added.
z Whether there exist Pause frames.
Maybe extremely large data traffic
Use the command display produces Pause frames.
Querying the port
port statistics to query the z Whether there exist CRC frames. The
statistics
port statistics. CRC production is maybe related to
line conditions.
z If the received and transmitted data
frames are both added, there exists no
Pause frame, but the services fail, use
the command display port statistics
to check whether a CRC fault and a
length count error occur.

9.2.5 Guide to Daily Maintenance of VLAN Services

Table 9-5 Guide to daily maintenance of IMA services

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference standard


Querying the Use the command display
Check whether the configurations of the
configurations of a vlan to query the
VLAN are consistent with those planned.
VLAN configurations of a VLAN.
Use the command display
Querying the Check whether the
vlan smart to query the
configurations of a upstream/downstream ports of the Smart
configurations of a Smart
Smart VLAN VLAN are consistent with those planned.
VLAN.

Use the command display


Querying the Check whether the configurations of the
vlan mux to query the
configurations of a MUX VLAN are consistent with those
configurations of a smart
MUX VLAN planned.
VLAN.
Use the command display
Querying the Check whether the upstream ports and
vlan super to query the
configurations of a sub-VLANs of the Smart VLAN are
configurations of a smart
Super VLAN consistent with those planned.
VLAN.

Use the command display


Querying the Query the information on the upstream
vlan q-in-q to query the
configuration of a ports, downstream ports and route ports
configurations of a QinQ
QinQ VLAN of a QinQ VLAN.
VLAN.

Use the command display


Querying the Query the information on the upstream
vlan stacking to query the
configuration of ports, downstream ports and the port
configurations of VLAN
VLAN Stacking inner tag of a VLAN Stacking.
stacking.

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9.2.6 Guide to Daily Maintenance of the Running Environment

Table 9-6 Guide to daily maintenance of the running environment

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


Measuring the The measured value can be the
temperature of the value indicated on the 15–30 °C
equipment room thermometer/psychrometer.

Measuring the The measured value can be the


humidity of the value indicated on the 40%–65%
equipment room thermometer/psychrometer.

Outdoor temperature: –5 –+45 °C


Enter the environment monitoring Humidity: 20–80%
sub-system to query:
Checking the Indoor temperature: 0–45 °C
z Temperature and humidity
running Humidity: 20–80%
reported by the cabinet
environment and
monitoring system z Primary power state Power supply voltage range:
z Power voltage current and –40–-–56 V
charging current state
The range of charging current of
battery: 0–20 A

9.3 Guide to Monthly Equipment Maintenance

The monthly maintenance of the MA5600 mainly includes maintenance of the main
control system, the running environment, and the electromechanical system of the
MA5600. The following introduces how to maintain them.

9.3.1 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Main Control System

Table 9-7 Guide to monthly maintenance of the main control system

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


Query the last check record, and
Use the command display compare it with the current data
Host and board version frame/slot to query the to see whether they are the
software version device and board software same. If not, check the cause and
version. modifier and whether the change
will affect the service.
Query the last check record, and
compare it with the current data
Use the command display
to see whether they are the
User authority terminal user all to query all user
same. If not, check whether the
authorities.
user authorities are allocated
properly.

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Save the data, and then use the
backup data command to back up
Data backup /
all configured data to the specified
PC.
Compare the current network
topology with that recorded last
time to check whether they are
Network topology Check the network topology. consistent. If not, check the
network topology change cause
and the modifier, and whether the
change will affect the service.

9.3.2 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Running Environment

Table 9-8 Guide to monthly maintenance of the running environment

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


Outdoor temperature: -5 –+45°C
Enter the environment monitoring
subsystem to query the Humidity: 20–80%
Running environment
temperature and humidity Indoor temperature: 0–45°C
reported by the cabinet.
Humidity: 20–80%

9.3.3 Guide to Monthly Maintenance of the Electromechanical System

Table 9-9 Guide to monthly maintenance of the electromechanical system

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


z Check the appearance of the z The battery container is clean,
batteries. without any damage. The
z Check the connectors among battery terminals must be
the batteries. neither distorted nor curved.
The distance between two
z Check environment and batteries must be equal to or
battery temperature. more than 10 mm.
z Measure the system's float z The connection points of
charging voltage. batteries must be tight, free of
Routine maintenance
check of batteries z Cut off AC input to see corrosion.
whether the system can z The surface temperature of the
switch over to the battery batteries must be close to the
power supply normally. environment temperature.
z The charging voltage is 48 V at
the ends of the terminal when
the temperature is 25°C. The
typical float charging voltage is
53.5 V.

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9-9
Troubleshooting Manual Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Maintenance

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


z The system can switch over to
the battery power supply
normally.

9.4 Guide to Quarterly Equipment Maintenance

Quarterly equipment maintenance mainly includes maintenance of the main control


system, the electromechanical system, and the grounding system. The following
details how to maintain them.

9.4.1 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Main Control System

Table 9-10 Guide to quarterly maintenance of the main control system

Maintenance
Operation guide Reference index
item
Check whether the system clock source is
Querying the Use the display clock source
the same as that in the latest record. If not,
system clock command to query the system
check the cause and the modifier, and
source clock source.
whether the change will affect the service.
Check whether the clock mode is the same
Use the display clock mode
Querying the as that in the latest record. If not, check the
command to query the system
clock mode cause and the modifier, and whether the
clock mode.
change will affect the service.

Query the last check record, and compare it


Use the command display with the current data to see whether they are
Querying the
clock state to query the clock the same. If not, check the cause and
clock priority
priority. modifier and whether the change will affect
the service.

Check whether the system clock


Checking the According to networking plan,
synchronization mode is the same as that in
system clock query the TDM and SDH clock
the latest record. If not, check the cause and
synchronization synchronization schemes
the modifier and whether the change will
scheme respectively.
affect the service.

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9-10
Troubleshooting Manual Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Maintenance

9.4.2 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Electromechanical System

Table 9-11 Guide to quarterly maintenance of the electromechanical system

Maintenance
Maintenance guide Reference index
item

Checking Check AC power cable The connection is safe and reliable.


power cable connection of lightning protection The power cable is not aged, and the joint
connection unit, power module, and so on. is free from corrosion.
z Dust the dust-proof panel.
z There is no dust.
Checking the z Check whether the panel
power module z The voltage and current display is
display of the power module is
normal.
normal.
Checking the
Check all fans installed in the All fans work normally without abnormal
fans in the
cabinet. noise.
cabinet

Checking the When the green LED on the lightning


Check the lightning protection
lightning protection unit's panel is on, it indicates
unit.
protection unit that the unit works normally.
1) Check the appearance of the z The battery appearance is clean without
battery. damage or leakage. The battery
2) Check the connectors terminals are neither curved nor
among the batteries. distorted. The poles and safety valves
do not emit acid mist. The distance
3) Check the temperature of between two batteries is equal to or
the battery. more than 10 mm.
4) Measure the system's float z The connection points of batteries must
charging voltage. be tight, free of corrosion.
5) Measure the voltage among z The surface temperature of the
the batteries within a unit of batteries must be close to the
batteries to check the environment temperature. It cannot be
Routine
voltage proportionality of all extremely high.
maintenance
batteries.
check of z The float charging voltage of the battery
batteries 6) Cut off AC power to see is measured at the ends of the pole. The
whether the system can float charging voltage of the batteries is
switch over to the battery 13.4±0.3 V.
power supply normally.
z The voltage difference among all
batteries is ±0.3 V. If not, switch the
power module to the "Manual Float
Charging" position, and then measure
again the voltage after 24-hour float
charging. If the voltage difference is still
abnormal, change the batteries.
z The system can switch over to the
battery power supply normally.

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9-11
Troubleshooting Manual Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Maintenance

Caution:

z Before summer is coming, maintain the fan system of the equipment, especially the
fan system of transmission equipment and the power module as well as possible.
z Before lightning storm season is coming, pay attention to maintenance of the
lightning protection system and the power system. During the maintenance process,
take safety actions and avoid short circuiting accidents.

9.4.3 Guide to Quarterly Maintenance of the Grounding System

Table 9-12 Guide to quarterly maintenance of the grounding system

Maintenance
Operation guide Reference index
item
z The grounding system complies with the
z All connections are
Broadband Equipment Grounding
safe and reliable, and
Specifications.
the connection joint is
z When there is a lightning protection grounding free of corrosion and
cable busbar at the button of the cabinet, check oxidation.
whether the lightning protection unit’s
z The grounding cables
Grounding grounding cable busbar, the cabinet's
are not aged.
cable grounding pole (PGND, BGND, and LGND),
connection and the equipment room's grounding cable z The grounding cable
busbar connections are safe and reliable. busbar is free of
corrosion and
z When there is no lightning protection
oxidation. The
grounding cable busbar at the bottom of the
anti-corrosion
cabinet, check whether the distribution box and
processing for it is
grounding cable (BGND and PGND)
done well.
connections are safe and reliable.

Caution:

Before lightning storm season is coming, pay attention to maintenance of the grounding
system of the devices. Protect personal safety and equipment safety in maintenance
operations.

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9-12
Troubleshooting Manual Chapter 9 Guide to Routine Equipment
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Maintenance

9.5 Guide to Yearly Equipment Maintenance

Yearly equipment maintenance mainly includes maintenance of the main control


system and the grounding system. The following details how to maintain them.

9.5.1 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Main Control System

Table 9-13 Guide to yearly maintenance of the main control system

Maintenance
Operation guide Reference index
item
Observe the switchover process:
Reset the active 1) Reset the active SCU board.
Active/standby
SCU board, and 2) The standby SCU board is changed into the active
switchover of
switch the standby one, and vice versa.
the main
SCU board to the
control system 3) Except short disruption of upstream services
active one.
through the original active SCU board, other
services are normal.

Caution:

z The yearly maintenance of the active/standby SCU board switchover must be done
during the periods in which the service traffic volume is small.
z Before the active/standby SCU board switchover, ensure that the NMS terminal and
its hardware work normally, and back up the essential data.
z The interval between two switchovers must be 30 minutes or longer. Frequent
switchover is strictly prohibited.

9.5.2 Guide to Yearly Maintenance of the Grounding System

Table 9-14 Guide to yearly maintenance of the grounding system

Maintenance item Operation guide Reference index


Measure earth resistance with
Joint earth resistance < 10
Recording earth resistance the ground resistance meter
ohm
and keep the related records.

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Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

Appendix A List of Fault Information to Be


Collected

A.1 Basic Information


Basic information includes:
z Information that must be collected
z Information that is collected according to fault causes

A.1.1 Information Necessary to Be Collected

Table A-1 Information that must be collected

To collect information on… Use the command…


Currently available
display current-configuration
configuration commands
display version 0/7 [display version 0/8], display
Host version
language 0/7 [display language 0/8]

Service board version display version frameid/slotid


System time display time
All boards display board 0
Logs display log all
Alarms display alarm history all
display VLAN (one by one)
VLANs and ports
display interface (one by one)
MAC addresses display mac-address VLAN

A.1.2 Information Collected According to Fault Causes

Table A-2 Information that is collected according to fault causes

To collect information on… Use the command…


A board display board
System configuration display current-configuration
Aggregated ports display link-aggregation
A specified VLAN display VLAN

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A-1
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

To collect information on… Use the command…


MAC address aging time display mac-address timer
display terminal user all (all users)
CLI operation users
display client (online users)

display progress load


Progress of loading, backing display progress backup
up, duplicating, and data
erasing display progress duplicate
display progress erase
Patches in the system display patch all
Active/standby display data sync state (synchronization of
synchronization state various data)

A.2 ADSL Related Information


Table A-3 ADSL related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Port line state display line operation
Port configuration display parameter
Port state display port state
Port version display modem atu-r
Port statistics display statistics performance
ADSL line profile display ADSL line-profile
ADSL alarm profile display ADSL alarm-profile

A.3 SHDSL Related Information


Table A-4 SHDSL related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Port line state display line state
Port state display port state
Port power-backoff display power-backoff
Configuration of the terminal
display shdsl alarm-profile
alarm profile

Line profile configuration display shdsl line-profile

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A-2
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

To collect information on… Use the command…


SHDSL NSR clock mode display clockmode
SHDSL port inventory display inventory

A.4 Multicast Related Information


Table A-5 Multicast related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


IGMP Proxy configuration display igmp proxy
Upstream port configuration display igmp uplink-port
Program configuration display igmp program
Multicast user configuration display igmp user
Profile configuration display igmp profile
Subtending port configuration display igmp cascade-port
Preview parameters display igmp preview user
Logs display igmp log

A.5 VLAN Related Information


Table A-6 VLAN related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


All VLANs display vlan all

display vlan vlanid to end-vlanid [ mux | smart |


A type of VLANs standard | super] [vlanattrib {common | q-in-q |
stacking }]
All VLANs of a port display port vlan
Number of VLANs display vlan number

A.6 QinQ Related Information


Table A-7 QinQ related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


All QinQ VLANs in the system
display vlan all vlanattrib q-in-q
(brief information)

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A-3
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

To collect information on… Use the command…


All QinQ VLANs within a
display vlan vlanid to end-vlanid vlanattrib
certain range (brief
q-in-q
information)

Details of a QinQ VLAN display vlan vlanid

A.7 Stacking VLAN Related Information


Table A-8 Stacking VLAN related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Stacking VLANs in the system
display vlan all vlanattrib stacking
(brief information)
All Stacking VLANs within a
display vlan vlanid to end-vlanid vlanattrib
certain range (brief
stacking
information)

Details of a Stacking VLAN display vlan vlanid

A.8 RSTP Related Information


Table A-9 RSTP related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


STP configuration display stp
STP error debugging [undo] debugging stp error
STP event debugging [undo] debugging stp event
STP packet debugging [undo] debugging stp packet

A.9 ARP Related Information


Table A-10 ARP related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Software ARP items display arp
ARP PROXY state display arp proxy

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A-4
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

A.10 QoS/ACL Related Information


Table A-11 QoS/ACL related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Configured ACLs display acl all
Issued ACLs display packet-filter
QoS configuration display qos-info
Queue scheduling mode display queue-scheduler

A.11 Environment Monitoring Related Information


Table A-12 Environment monitoring related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


EMUs display emu
Each frame display frame info
Each EMU display emu
EMU alarms display alarm history alarmtype environment

A.12 PPPoA Related Information


Table A-13 PPPoA Related Information

To collect information on… Use the command…


PVC encapsulation type display encapsulation type
Conversion from PPPOA to
display pppoa config
PPPOE

PPPoA users display pppoa user


Auto user forwarding table display auto user

A.13 IPoA Related Information


Table A-14 IPoA related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


PVC encapsulation type display encapsulation type
IPoA configuration display ipoa config

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A-5
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix A List of Fault Information
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module to Be Collected

To collect information on… Use the command…


IPoA users display ipoa user
Auto user forwarding table display auto user

A.14 PITP V Mode Related Information


Table A-15 PITP V mode related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


Whether PITP is enabled display pitp config
Ethernet packet type settings
display pitp vmode ether-type
in PITP V mode

A.15 PITP P Mode Related Information


Table A-16 PITP P mode related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


P mode configuration display pitp config

A.16 DHCP Relay Related Information


Table A-17 DHCP Relay related information

To collect information on… Use the command…


DHCP Server configuration display dhcp-server
DHCP Server corresponding to
display dhcp-server interface
the VLAN interface

DHCP corresponding to the


display dhcp interface
VLAN interface

DHCP Relay configuration display dhcp config


Option82 configuration display dhcp Option82 config
Option60 configuration display dhcp domain
Mac address segment
display dhcp mac-range
configuration

DHCP Relay statistics display dhcp statistics

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A-6
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

Appendix B Frequently Used Forms for Routine


Maintenance and Troubleshooting

B.1 Frequently Used Forms for Routine Maintenance


B.1.1 Log

Table B-1 Log


Office name:__________________ Date:______________
Attendance time: From To On-duty personnel: Successor:

Maintenance
Maintenance item Inspection result Abnormalities Operator
type
Is the fiber connection
Main control Querying the fiber normal?
system connection state □ Yes
□ No

Is the board operation


Querying the running normal?
state of the board □ Yes
□ No
Is there any operation
record that has
Querying the system caused damages to
log the system?
□ Yes
□ No
Is there any board with
a high CPU
Querying the board occupation rate?
CPU occupation rate
□ Yes
□ No

Is the system time


Querying system correct?
time □ Yes
□ No

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B-1
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

Maintenance
Maintenance item Inspection result Abnormalities Operator
type
Has the number of
Querying whether PVCs/PVPs been
the number of PVCs changed?
has changed □ Yes
□ No
Are the queried
system prompted the
Querying the system same as the planned
prompts ones?
□ Yes
□ No
Are there any critical
Querying critical alarms?
alarms □ Yes
□ No
Alarm system
Are there any major
Querying major alarms?
alarms □ Yes
□ No

Do the ports work


Querying the port normally?
state of a board □ Yes
□ No
Is the xDSL line profile
Querying an xDSL modified?
line profile □ Yes
xDSL services
□ No

Is there any alarm that


prompts the port is
Querying an xDSL offline from time to
service alarm time?
□ Yes
□ No

Are the states of the


Querying the port ports normal?
LAN services
state □ Yes
□ No
Is the VLAN division
Querying the VLAN correct?
configuration □ Yes
□ No

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B-2
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

Maintenance
Maintenance item Inspection result Abnormalities Operator
type
Are there any traffic
overload or
Querying LAN negotiation failure
service alarms alarms?
□ Yes
□ No

Is the traffic of the port


Querying the data normal?
traffic of a port □ Yes
□ No
Are there any alarms
of IMA service
Querying IMA abnormalities?
service alarms
□ Yes
□ No

Is the configuration of
Querying the IMA group
configuration of an correct?
IMA group □ Yes
IMA services □ No
Is the IMA group
Querying the running operable?
state of an IMA group □ Yes
□ No

Is the IMA link


Querying the running activated?
state of an IMA link □ Yes
□ No
Are there any
Measuring the temperature and
temperature and humidity alarms?
humidity of the
□ Yes
Environment equipment room
and power □ No
monitoring Are there any related
Checking the running
environment and alarms?
monitoring system of □ Yes
the cabinet □ No

Tools, meters,
and
documentation

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B-3
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

Maintenance
Maintenance item Inspection result Abnormalities Operator
type
Verified by team
leader

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B-4
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.1.2 Monthly Maintenance Record Form

Table B-2 Monthly maintenance record form


Office name:__________________ Date:______________
Attendance time: From To On-duty personnel: Successor:

Maintenance type Maintenance item Inspection result Remarks Operator


Is there any abnormal
NMS data?
NMS configuration
□ Yes
□ No
Are the versions
Device and board changed?
software version □ Yes
□ No

Are the user


authorities set
Main control system User authority unsuitably?
□ Yes
□ No
Is data backup
successful?
Data backup
□ Yes
□ No
Is the networking
structure changed?
Networking structure
□ Yes
□ No

□ Normal □
Temperature
Abnormal

□ Normal □
Running environment Humidity
Abnormal
□ Normal □
Cleanliness
Abnormal

Faults found and


troubleshooting

Description of
outstanding issues

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B-5
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.1.3 Quarterly Maintenance Record Form

Table B-3 Quarterly maintenance record form


Office name:__________________ Date:______________
Attendance time: From To On-duty personnel: Successor:

Maintenance type Maintenance item Inspection result Remarks Operator


Is the system
reference clock the
Querying the system same as that checked
reference clock source last time?
□ Yes
□ No
Is the clock mode the
Querying the same as that checked
Phase-Locked Loop last time?
(PLL) clock mode □ Yes
Main control system □ No
Is the clock priority
the same as that
Querying the clock checked last time?
priority
□ Yes
□ No

Is the scheme the


Checking the system same as that checked
clock synchronization last time?
scheme □ Yes
□ No
Checking power cable □ Normal □
connection Abnormal
Checking the power □ Normal □
module Abnormal
Checking the □ Normal □
Electromechanical subscriber cable Abnormal
system Checking the fans in □ Normal □
the cabinet Abnormal
Checking the lightning □ Normal □
protection unit Abnormal
Routine maintenance □ Normal □
check of batteries Abnormal
Checking grounding □ Normal □
Grounding system
cable connection Abnormal

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B-6
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

Maintenance type Maintenance item Inspection result Remarks Operator


Checking standby
boards and spare parts

Verified by team leader

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B-7
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.1.4 Yearly Maintenance Record Form

Table B-4 Yearly maintenance record form


Office name:__________________ Date:______________
Attendance time: From To On-duty personnel: Successor:

Maintenance type Maintenance item Inspection result Operator


Active/standby □ Normal
Main control system switchover of the main
control system □ Abnormal

□ Normal
Grounding system Earth resistance test
□ Abnormal

Fault description of troubleshooting:

Verified by team
leader

B.1.5 Board Change Record

Table B-5 Board change record


Office name: __________________

Board Number of Original board Current board


Replacement
change boards name/model/BOM name/model/BOM
date
personnel changed code code

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B-8
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.1.6 Office Data Modification Record

Table B-6 Office data modification record


Office name: __________________

Modification time Modifier Items modified Reasons

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B-9
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.2 Frequently Used Forms for Troubleshooting


B.2.1 Routine Unexpected Fault Handling Record

Table B-7 Routine unexpected fault handling record


Office name: __________________ Date:______________

Occurrence
Troubleshooting time
Date
On-duty
Troubleshooter
personnel
□ Subscriber's complaint
Classification □ Daily maintenance
of fault Basic information about fault sources
sources □ Alarm information
□ Other sources
Fault description

Troubleshooting methods and results:

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B-10
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix B Frequently Used Forms
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module for Routine Maintenance and
Troubleshooting

B.2.2 Emergency Equipment Maintenance Notification

Table B-8 Emergency equipment maintenance notification

The following items should be completed by the subscriber in detail.

Office name Device model Capacity

Complainant Contact phone Version

Is the
Complaining Required device in □ Yes
time response time warranty □ No
period?

Fault phenomenon and troubleshooting description in detail:

Verifier:
Department signature and
stamp:

The following items shall be completed by the technical personnel of Huawei.


Troubleshooting
Guide by telephone Remote maintenance On-site support
method

Results (Attachments allowed):

Troubleshooter:
Date:

Description of outstanding issues:

Note: Department signature and stamp are signature and stamp of the department in charge of
operation and maintenance at the municipal or county level

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B-11
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

Appendix C Acronyms and Abbreviations

A
AAL1 ATM Adaptation Layer 1
AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5
ABR Available Bit Rate
ACM Self-adaptive Clock Method
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
AFE Analog Front End
AOC ADSL Overhead Control Channel
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATU ADSL Transceiver Unit
ATU-C ADSL Transceiver Unit at the Central Office end
ATU-R ADSL transceiver unit at the Remote end
B
BAS Broadband Access Server
Bc committed burst size
Be excess burst size
BECN Backward explicit congestion notification
BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply System
BRI Basic Rate Interface
BSP Board Support Packet
C
CAC Connection Admission Control
CAM Content Addressable Memory
CAP Carrierless Amplitude Phase Modulation
CAR Committed Access Rate
CAS Channel Associated Signaling
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CCS Common Control Signaling
CELL BUS Cell Bus
CES Circuit Emulation Service

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C-1
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

CIR Committed Information Rate


CLI Command Line interface
CLP Cell Loss Priority
CPCS Common Part Conversion Sublayer
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
D
DCE Data Circuit-terminating Equipment
DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DDN Digital Data Network
DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier
DMT Discrete Multi-Tone
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DSP Digital Signal Process
DTE Digital Terminal Equipment
E
ESC Environment Supervision Circuit
EPD Early Packet Discard
EOC Embedded Operations Channel
F
FDDI Fiber Distributed Digital Interface
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FE Far-end
FECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification
FIB Forward Information Base
FRAD Frame Relay Access Device
FR Frame Relay
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTTB Fiber To The Building
FTTC Fiber To The Curb
FTTH Fiber To The Home
FTTO Fiber To The Office
G

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C-2
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

GCRA Generic Cell Rate Algorithm


GFC Generic Flow Control
GE Gigabit Ethernet
GFC Generic Flow Control
GFI General Frame Interface
H
HDLC High Data Link Control
HDB3 High Density Bipolar of Order 3 Code
HEC Header Error Control
HFC Hybrid Fiber/Coax
HSL High-speed Synchronization Line
I
IAD Integrated Access Device
IMA Inverse Multiplexing for ATM
IE Information Element
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
IPoA Internet Protocols Over ATM
ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network
ISO International Standard Organization
ISP Internet Service Provider
ITU International Telecommunication Union
International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication
ITU-T
Standardization Sector
IWF InterWorking Function
L
LAN Local Area Network
LE Local Exchange
LIS Logical IP Subnet
LMI Local Management Interface
LOC Loss Of Continuity
LOS Loss Of Signal
M
MA Media Service Access

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C-3
Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

MAC Media Access Control


MAN Metropolitan Area Network
MII Media Independent Interface
MBS Maximum Burst Size
MCR Minimum Cell Rate
MIB Management Information Base
MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group
MPLS MultiProtocol Label Switching
MPoA MultiProtocol over ATM
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
MUX Multiplex
MMX Main Multiplexer Card
MUSA Multi-Service Access System
N
NE Network Element
NNI Network-Network Interface
NAT Network Address Translation
NMC Network Management Center
NMS Network Management System
NPC Network Parameter Control
nrt-VBR non-real time Variable Bit Rate
NSAP Network Service Access Point
O
OAM Operation Administration and Maintenance
OLT Optical Line Terminal
ONU Optical Network Unit
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
P
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
PDH Pleisochronous Digital Hierarchy
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PPD Partial Packet Discard
PPP Point to Point Protocol

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Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

PPPoA PPP over ATM


PPPoE PPP over Ethernet
PTI Payload Type Identifier
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PVC Permanent Virtual Connection
PVP Permanent Virtual Path
PCR Peak Cell Rate
PSD Power Spectral Density
Q
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
R
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
RAS Remote Access Server
RDI Remote Defect Indication
RED Random Early Detection
RFC Requirement for Comment
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
rt-VBR Real time Variable Bit Rate
RS Reed Solomon
S
SAR Segmentation And Reassembly
SCR Sustainable Cell Rate
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDT Structured Data Transfer
SHDSL Single-line High Speed Digital Subscriber Line
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SONET Synchronous Optical Network
SEP System Expand Card
SMX Slave Multiplexer Card
SPL Splitter
STM-1 SDH Transport Module -1
STM-4 SDH Transport Module -4

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Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

STU SDH Transport Unit


SVC Switched Virtual Channel
SVP Switched Virtual Path
T
TC Transmission Convergence Sub-layer
TE Traffic Engineering
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
TOS Type of Service
TS Traffic Shaping
U
UBR Unspecified Bit Rate
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UDT Unstructured Data Transfer
UI Unrecognized Information
UNI User Network Interface
UPC Usage Parameter Control
UTOPIA Universal Test & Operations PHY Interface for ATM
V
VBR Variable Bit Rate
nrt-VBR Non-Real Time Variable Bit Rate
rt-VBR Real Time Variable Bit Rate
VC Virtual Connection
VC Virtual Circuit
VC Virtual Channel
VCC Virtual Channel Connection
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier
VCL Virtual Channel Link
VDSL Very-high-speed Digital Subscriber Line
VLAN Virtual LAN
VLL Virtual Leased Lines
VOD Video on Demand
VoIP Voice over IP

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Troubleshooting Manual Appendix C Acronyms and
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Abbreviations

VP Virtual Path
VPC Virtual Path Connection
VPCI Virtual Path Connection Identifier
VPI Virtual Path Identifier
VPL Virtual Path Link
VPDN Virtual Private Dial Network
VPN Virtual Private Network
VPRN Virtual Private Routed Network
VS Virtual Switch
VSI Virtual Switch Interface
VToA Voice Transfer over ATM
W
WAN Wide Area Network
WSA Wireless Service Access
WWW World Wide Web
X
xDSL x Digital Subscriber Line
Y
Z

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SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Index

Index

board change record, 9-3, B-8


A boost internet access rate, adjust parameter, 4-20
acronym and abbreviation, C-1
ADSL fault, locating, 4-4 C
ADSL service case study
analyzing frequent fault, 4-7 ADSL service, 4-10
ATU-R easily deactivated, 4-12 Ethernet service, 6-9
failure in Internet access, 4-22 multicast service, 7-12
failure to access the Internet, 4-8 SHDSL service, 5-8
failure to display caller ID, 4-16 common troubleshooting methods, 1-6
failure to make a phone call, 4-7 comparison, 1-8
incorrect settings of ADSL port, 4-18 configuration data alarm
long time delay for packet, 4-24 active data check failure, 8-18
removing frequent fault, 4-7 configuration data abnormality, 8-18
with buzz, 4-11 configuration data initialization failure, 8-18
without buzz, 4-10 configuration data analysis, 1-8
ADSL technology CPU alarm
features, 4-1 CLI status, 8-16
introduction, 4-1 occupation rate, 8-16
reference model, 4-2 SNMP alarm, 8-17
technical specifications, 4-2
ADSL/ADSL2+ alarm D
ATU-R power-off, 8-77
daily maintenance
chipset, 8-76
alarm system, 9-5
line signal loss, 8-77
Ethernet service, 9-6
link loss, 8-77
main control system, 9-4
port activation, 8-75
running environment, 9-8
port performance statistics, 8-76
VLAN service, 9-7
ADSL/ADSL2+ service, 4-3
xDSL service, 9-5
ADSL/ADSL2+ service, networking, 4-3
duplicate alarm, 8-10
alarm
ID, 8-1
E
severity, 8-2
emergency equipment maintenance notification,
alarm analysis, 1-7
B-11
equipment maintenance
B
method, 9-2
backup alarm, 8-10
requirement, 9-1

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SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Index

equipment maintenance form, 9-3 low downstream rate, low upstream rate, 4-18
erase alarm, 8-11 low Internet access rate
ESD wrist strap, 2-10 ADSL service, 4-9
exclusive method, 1-7 inconsistent software/hardware setting, 4-12
incorrect ADSL channel mode, 4-18
F virus-affected PC, 4-21

failure to pass authentication, 4-22 wrong connection of network cable, 4-24

fault
analyzing, 1-5 M
eliminating, 1-6 maintenance and troubleshooting form, B-1
locating, 1-5 meter test, 1-7
fault locating process monthly maintenance
ADSL/ADSL2+ service, 4-4 electromechanical system, 9-9
Ethernet service, 6-6 main control system, 9-8
multicast service, 7-2 running environment, 9-9
SHDSL service, 5-3 monthly maintenance record form, 9-3, B-5
FE optical power, specifications, 2-24 multicast
fiber loopback, 2-2 features, 7-1
network topology, 7-2
G multicast technology, 7-1

GE optical port, specifications, 2-24


N
I noise to telephone

IMA E1 link loopback, 2-3 high frequency interfering source, 4-16

interchange, 1-8 wrong wiring on MDF, 4-17

inverse alarm
active/standby board communication, 8-15 O
active/standby switchover failure, 8-13 office data modification record, 9-4, B-9
active/standby switchover success, 8-12 offline
board software version inconsistency, 8-14 ADSL service, 4-10
system resetting upon abnormal switchover, 8-14 improper interleaved depth, 4-19
wrong wiring connection of SPL, 4-15
L optical power, measuring, 2-21

load alarm, 8-6


locating xDSL line fault P
checking line length, 3-3 patch alarm
checking other possible troubles, 3-4 board patch inconsistency, 8-6
querying line operation parameter, 3-2 patch file recovery failure, 8-6
querying port state, 3-2 performance analysis, 1-7
log, 9-3, B-1 protocol analysis, 1-8
Loopback, 2-1

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Troubleshooting Manual
SmartAX MA5600/MA5603 Multi-service Acess Module Index

Q technical specifications, 5-1


software loopback
quarterly maintenance
local loopback, 2-5
electromechanical system, 9-11
remote loopback, 2-4
grounding system, 9-12
STM-1 optical port, 2-24
main control system, 9-10
quarterly maintenance record form, 9-3, B-6
T
R threshold alarm
15-minute threshold, 8-5
receive optical power, measuring, 2-22
24-hour threshold, 8-5
replacing
transmit optical power, measuring, 2-23
control board, 2-12
troubleshooting
optical module, 2-20
general procedure for, 1-4
service board, 2-15
procedure for, 1-3
subboard, 2-18
scope of, 1-1
rollback alarm, 8-8
tools and meters, 1-2
routine maintenance form, B-1
troubleshooting ADSL service
routine unexpected fault handling record, B-10
DNS server fault, 4-23
routine unexpected troubleshooting record, 9-3
wrong subscriber line connection, 4-14

S wrong wiring connection of SPL, 4-15


troubleshooting Ethernet service
service and function alarm
failure to ping upstream gateway, 6-10
ISU uplink-port failure, 8-82
Internet access failure, 6-13
MAC addresses conflict, 8-82
Internet access services disruption, 6-11
service cable at xTU-R
interruption of Internet access service, 6-12
fault related to service cable, 3-4, 3-12
low Internet access rate, 6-10
SHDSL alarm
unnecessary protocol, 6-12
CO CRC errors overflow, 8-80
wrong network cable making, 6-9
CO errored seconds overflow, 8-80
troubleshooting form, B-10
CO loop attenuation overflow, 8-79
troubleshooting xDSL line
CO SNR overflow, 8-79
connection deactivated, 3-5
CO unavailable seconds overflow, 8-81
signal attenuation, 3-6
port activation, 8-78
slow internet surfing, 3-6
port fault, 8-78
untight line clamping, 3-7
STU-R, 8-81
SHDSL fault
Y
locating, 5-4
yearly maintenance
locating flowchart, 5-3
grounding system, 9-13
SHDSL Technology
main control system, 9-13
features, 5-1
yearly maintenance record form, 9-3, B-8
reference model, 5-2

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