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Top Cloud Computing Trends for 2019

Cloud Computing service was first introduced in August 2006 when Amazon Web Services was
launched with it’s very first Cloud Computing solution, Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). This was
soon followed by Google which launched its Google App Engine in 2008. Soon after, a research firm
called Gartner started researching the benefits and opportunities presented by this new platform and
thus the Cloud Computing Trends began.

Based on Cloud location:

Public Cloud
A Public Cloud is a cloud where the whole computing infrastructure is located on the premises of the
cloud computing company that is offering the said service. The customer has no physical control over
the infrastructure and has to share resources and hardware with other clients of the same service.

Private Cloud
Private Cloud means that the infrastructure for the network is only utilized by one customer or company
even though the hardware is still located at a remote location. There is also the option of storing the
system on-premise which is considerably more expensive but offers physical control over the
infrastructure.

Hybrid Cloud
A Hybrid Cloud system combines multiple private and public clouds in the same system. In this
service, a company can use a public cloud to interact with customers while keeping their own data
secure on a private cloud, with the two clouds sharing different data, to complete the information while
keeping them separate.

Community Cloud
A Community Cloud is used for sharing data between organizations. Some systems share data between
a single entity and the public in general. An example of a community cloud can be any system that is
run by the government of any country.
Latest Cloud Computing Trends in 2019
The Cloud Computing industry with the continuous growth is arising with a number of Cloud
Computing trends. The Cloud Trends that we are going to mention below are the combination of new
and old practices that have changed the way the industries operate. Let’s have a look at some of them
now:

Massive Growth
This is more one of the Cloud Computing Trends 2019 which has just carried over to 2019. With the
development of new services in the SaaS, PaaS and IaaS fields, and the evolution of new services such
as function as a service (FaaS) and backend as a service (BaaS), the Cloud market is expected to grow
aggressively. SaaS alone is expected to grow at 18% CAGR. PaaS has already been performing
remarkably with an adoption rate of 32% in 2017 and expected to reach 56% by 2020. The IaaS market,
even with its limited features is predicted to go over $17B in 2018. Even when related industry shows
a definite slowdown, the future trend in cloud computing is definitely towards growth.

Increase in Storage Capacity

Another aspect of the growth-related cloud computing trends is the increase in storage capacity. In
2017 alone, the global cloud storage capacity stood at around 600 EB (Exabytes). We can certainly
expect this to become one of the Cloud Computing Trends 2019, as the capacity is set to double to an
approximate 1.1 ZB (Zettabyte) by the end of 2018. Regular people are boosting these numbers thanks
to their increased sharing of personal information online via services like Google Drive and Dropbox.

Cheaper Storage Solutions

The Cloud Computing Industry is going through a lot of changes. Massive Growth and Cheaper Prices
were two of the main Cloud Computing Trends 2017. Usually, when demand increases, the price also
increases, but since there is so much competition in the market today it seems that the prices are
continuing to fall; thanks to so much investment in storage capacity increase. To put this in context, at
present it costs less than 10 cents to maintain 1 TB of cloud storage. This price dive has given
companies the ability to offer ridiculously cheap cloud storage solutions, which is, in turn, driving the
growth further.
Server-less Cloud Computing
When cloud computing first became popular, the entire ecosystem had to include servers in their
processing as they were the places where data was initially stored. But now that most companies store
their data online, there is no need for server integration. Which is why Server-Less Technology was
developed that allows developers to build and run application services without any infrastructure.
These new types of applications will definitely be one of the major Cloud Computing Trends in 2019,
thanks to improving efficiency, less effort, and cost.

Startups have been the main driver of this Cloud Trend, as it lets them indulge in early cloud adoption,
for better security and easier development. Even older organizations have started replacing their
existing application to take advantage of this opportunity.

Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT devices are certainly a future trend in Cloud Computing. Most IoT devices already rely on the
cloud to work which makes it easier to connect them to these systems and generate useful data on the
habits and patterns of users.

This is why hundreds of companies have started upgrading their existing products to IoT connected
devices such as household appliances, cars, and electronics. The data generated by this new generation
of devices will boost the demand for cloud storage and cloud-based applications.

5G Networks
All of the IT services are expected to generate a huge amount of data that will be stored in the cloud.
However, while handling this huge amounts of data, it is important that you have a reliable internet
connection with great speed. LTE as an internet standard has already reached its limits, which is why
the world is now looking towards 5G.
 2. GRID COMPUTIING
At its most basic level, grid computing is a computer network in which
each computer's resources are shared with every other computer in the system.
Processing power, memory and data storage are all community resources that
authorized users can tap into and leverage for specific tasks. A grid computing
system can be as simple as a collection of similar computers running on the
same operating system or as complex as inter-networked systems comprised of
every computer platform you can think of.

A scientist studying proteins logs into a computer and uses an entire network of
computers to analyze data. A businessman accesses his company's network
through a PDA in order to forecast the future of a particular stock. An Army official
accesses and coordinates computer resources on three different military networks
to formulate a battle strategy. All of these scenarios have one thing in common:
They rely on a concept called grid computing.

Difference between Grid Computing and Cloud Computing

1. Technology involved in Grid Computing and Cloud Computing

– Grid computing is form of computing which follows a distributed architecture which

means a single task is broken down into several smaller tasks through a distributed
system involving multiple computer networks. Cloud computing, on the other hand, is a
whole new class of computing based on network technology where every user of the cloud
has its own private resource that is provided by the specific service provider.

2. Computing Resources in Grid Computing and Cloud Computing

– Grid computing is based on a distributed system which means computing resources are

distributed among different computing units which are located across different sites,

countries, and continents. In cloud computing, computing resources are managed

centrally which are located over multiple servers in clusters in cloud providers’ private

data centers.

3. CLUSTER COMPUTING

During the past decade, many different computer systems supporting high-
performance computing have emerged. Cluster computing is a form of computing
in which a group of computers is linked together so that they can act like a single
entity. Clusters are usually deployed to improve performance and availability over
that of a single computer while typically being much more cost-effective than
single computers of comparable speed or availability. One common reason to use
cluster computing is a desire to create redundancy in a computer network to
ensure that it will always be available and that it will not fail.

some common facts you have to keep in mind about cluster computing is that:

 Consists of many of the same or similar type of machines

 Tightly-coupled using dedicated network connections
 All machines share resources such as a common home directory

The hardware configuration of clusters varies substantially depending on the

networking technologies we chose and the purpose of the system. Clustering
hardware comes in three forms: shared disk, mirrored disk, shared nothing pattern.

Shared Disk Clusters

This approach utilizes central I/O devices accessible to all computers called nodes
within the cluster. It is so called because the I/O involved is typically disk storage for
normal files and/or databases. They rely on a common I/O bus for disk access but do
not require shared memory. Because all nodes may concurrently write to or cache
data from the central disks, a synchronization mechanism must be used to preserve
the coherence of the system.

Shared Nothing Clusters

The other way of clustering is dubbed shared-nothing because it does not involve
concurrent disk accesses from multiple nodes. or we can say that clusters do not
require a distributed lock manager. Shared-nothing cluster solutions include
Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS).

Mirrored Disk Clusters

Mirroring involves replicating all application data from primary storage to a secondary
backup for availability purposes. Replication occurs while the primary system is active,
although the mirrored backup system typically does not perform any work outside of
its role as a passive standby. If a failure occurs in the primary system, a failover process
transfers control to the secondary system. Failover can take some time, and
applications can lose state information when they are reset, but mirroring enables a
fairly fast recovery scheme requiring little operator intervention. Mirrored-disk
clusters typically include just two nodes.

Cluster Computing Applications

There are a large number of applications provided by cluster computing.Some of them

are:

 Clusters can be used in weather modeling.

 Helps in automobile crash simulations and nuclear simulations.
 Supportive in image processing and electromagnetics.
 Ideal in data mining, aerodynamics, and astrophysics.
 Used in predicting life-threatening situations such as earthquakes or hurricanes.
In the past, these applications would be run on vector or parallel supercomputers
costing millions of dollars in order to calculate predictions.
 Cluster-based systems can be used to execute many Internet applications: Web
servers, Search engines, Email, Security, Proxy and Database servers.
 Helpful in big computing projects having extremely complex computations.
  Can also be used to distribute a work load in the form of many small chunks of
data, a technique known as grid computing. In this case, a single computer
couldn’t handle all the work, but many small computers can.

4. Distributed Computing

A Distributed computing is a model of computation that is firmly related to Distributed

Systems, refers to as multiple computer systems located at different places linked together
over a network and use to solve higher level computation without having to use an
expensive supercomputer. Distributed system is called, When collection of various
computers seems a single coherent system to its client, then it is called distributed system.

According to the definitions; All the computers are tied together in a network either a
Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN), communicating with each other
so that different portions of a Distributed applications run on different computers from any
geographical location. Every node on the Distributed computing is autonomous machines
(do not physically share memory or processors but thereby sharing resources such
as printers and databases).

Distributed Systems have broken down into two parts: the front end and the back end.
The front end, the part of the application that the user interacts with to determine
what information she wants to examine and how to organise it, runs on the user's
computer. The back end, the part of the application that finds and sorts the requested
information, runs on a central computer somewhere else. This type of distributed
computing also referred to as "client-server architecture," splits up the functioning of
applications across some separate computers.

Grid computing is a based on distributed architecture and is the form of "distributed

computing" or "peer-to-peer computing"that involving large numbers of computers
physically connected to solve a complex problem.

Standalone applications are traditional applications(or 3-tier old systems) that run on a
single system; distributed applications run on multiple systems simultaneously.
Traditional applications need to be installed on every system and make it hard to maintain.
However, In Distributed computing, applications run on both simultaneously. With
distributed computing, if a workstation that goes down, another workstation can resume
the jobs.

The advantages of distributed computing increased the speed with “absolute

performance” and lower cost with more reliability than a non-distributed system. It is
currently quite popular, and many businesses are converting to it as we speak.

Extremely well-known example of distributed systems and applications of distributed

computing used in SETI@Home project of the University of California Berkley,
Telecommunication networks, Telephone networks and cellular networks, Computer
networks such as the Internet, Wireless sensor networks, Routing algorithms
So what is Cloud Computing? Essentially, cloud computing is a kind of outsourcing
of computer programs. Using cloud computing, users are able to access software and applications from

wherever they are; the computer programs are being hosted by an outside party and reside in the cloud.

This means that users do not have to worry about th

ings such as storage and power, they can simply enjoy the end result.

Life before cloud computing

Traditional business applications have always been very complicated and expensive. The amount and

variety of hardware and software required to run them are daunting. You need a whole team of

experts to install, configure, test, run, secure, and update them.

When you multiply this effort across dozens or hundreds of apps, it’s easy to see why the biggest

companies with the best IT departments aren’t getting the apps they need. Small and midsize

businesses don’t stand a chance.

Cloud computing: a better way

With cloud computing, you eliminate those headaches that come with storing your own

data, because you’re not managing hardware and software — that becomes the

responsibility of an experienced vendor like Salesforce. The shared infrastructure means it

works like a utility: You only pay for what you need, upgrades are automatic, and scaling up

or down is easy.

Cloud-based apps can be up and running in days or weeks, and they cost less. With a cloud

app, you just open a browser, log in, customize the app, and start using it.

Businesses are running all kinds of apps in the cloud, like customer relationship

management (CRM), HR, accounting, and much more. Some of the world’s largest

companies moved their applications to the cloud with Salesforce after rigorously testing the

security and reliability of our infrastructure.

As cloud computing grows in popularity, thousands of companies are simply rebranding

their non-cloud products and services as “cloud computing.” Always dig deeper when

evaluating cloud offerings and keep in mind that if you have to buy and manage hardware

and software, what you’re looking at isn’t really cloud computing but a false cloud.
Types of Cloud Computing:

IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service)
IaaS involves offering storage solutions using data storage disks and virtual servers etc. You can only
access or delete the data. A few of the major players involved in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
service are Amazon, Rackspace, Fexiscale etc.

PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service)
PaaS based cloud services offer a development platform, which includes an operating system,
programming language, database, and web server. This means clients can create their own custom
cloud experiences based on the role of the service. Examples of PaaS systems are Google App Engine,
Microsoft Azure, Salesforce etc.

SaaS (Software-as-a-Service)
SaaS services are developed by the companies offering them. All a customer needs to do is access them
on a pay-per-use basis, which is far cheaper than creating your own. Some of these services are even
offered for free to customers. Examples of such services include popular applications such as Gmail,
Google Docs, NetSuite etc.