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As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

TKAM Annotations Chart - Round Robin Name _________________________

Harper Lee uses rhetoric and various language styles in her novel ​To Kill a 
Mockingbird.​ ​She created characters such as Atticus, who mostly speaks in a formal 
tone and uses rhetoric towards his children, people throughout the community, and 
the jury in the courtroom. Harper created a 6 year old narrator that uses many styles 
of language as she speaks to her father (Atticus), her brother (Jem), her house maid 
(Calpurnia or Cal), her fiance’ (Dill), and neighbors.  

Language styles created by authors: 


​Rhetorical Appeals:​ the language authors, speakers, or ANYONE uses to make an 
impression or persuade others. Rhetoric is considered the art of persuasion. 
1. Ethos​ - speaker’s ability to establish himself as credible or an expert on the 
matter 
2. Pathos​ - speaker’s ability to appeal to the emotions of the listeners/audience. (a 
“play” on emotions) 
3. Logos​ - speaker’s ability to use logic, reason, facts, statistics to prove his/her 
point 
 
​Rhetoric can also be in the form of literary devices: ​allusions, irony, imagery, simile, 
metaphor, hyperbole, oxymoron, parallelism, repetition, personification, and more! 
 
Style: formal language vs. informal language:​ ​everyone switches up how they use 
language depending on where they are or who they’re with. The language we use 
depends on our circumstances. Author’s switch up the type of language they use 
when they write. 
1. Informal language ​- personal or slang language that we use with someone we 
know very well. We use personal pronouns and contractions when we speak to 
family or friends. Uses active voice. 
2. Formal language​ - professional and business-like language we use with people 
we don’t know. Uses passive voice and higher level words. 
3. Objective tone​ - States the facts or what was heard, seen, or said; no opinions. 
Can sometimes be used with formal language 
4. Subjective tone​ - speaks using opinions; usually associated with informal 
language 
 
Allusions: ​when authors refer to famous people, characters, stories, myths, to 
emphasize their point. Lee Harper uses a lot of unfamiliar allusions in TKAM. 
 
Fallacious reasoning/fallacies: ​a deceptive or misleading statement. A fallacious 
argument can fool human reasoning. 
 
 
As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

Rhetorical Devices  
Required  Character  Quote from character  Type of  What effect did it have on the 
chapter  (label formal or informal)  Rhetoric  situation? 

1  Calpurnia    pathos  They were surprised 


    “There goes the  abuse she rarely 
 
 
  meanest man ever  commented on white 
    God blew breath  people. 
  into” 
  Informal 
Page   
#_13__ 
 
 
 
 

2    “Are we as poor as  pathos  That a lot of people 


  Jem  the Cunninghams?”  around were poor cause 
 
 
  Formal  they are farmers 
   
Page   
#23___ 

3    “It's against the law  ethos  He discussed bending the 


  Father  all right”  law 
 
 
  Formal 
   
   
Page   
#_34__ 

4    “I've been chewing it  logos  Scout finished his mouth 


    all afternoon and I  out 
 
 
Scout  ain't dead yet, not 
    even sick” 
    Formal 
     
Page     
#37___ 
 
 

5    “Arthur Radley just  logos  Makes a point cause he 


  Miss  stays in the house,  doesn't want to come out. 
 
 
Maudie  that's all” 
    Formal 
   
Page   
#49___ 
 

    “Where were you all,  logos  Help them to think more 


6    didn't you hear the  when hearing something  
As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

    commotion?” 
  Miss  Formal 
 
 
Maudie 
   
   
   
Page   
#60___ 
 
 

Required  Character  Quote from character  Type of  What effect did it have on the 
chapter  (label formal or informal)  Rhetoric  situation? 

    “He won't know who you  logos  signed it better 


7    are if you sign it like 
  Scout  that,Jem” 
    Formal 
   
   
Page   
#69___ 

  Atticus  “Anybody want some hot  pathos  they drank some 


8  chocolate?” 
  Formal 
 
 
 
 
Page 
#_80__ 

  Francis  “Grandmas a wonderful  pathos  Makes a point she's a good 


  cook”  cook 
  Formal 

 
 
 
Page 
#__93_ 

  Jem  “There's somethin wrong  logos  Calpurnia followed Jem 


  with an old dog down 
  yonder” 
10  Formal 
 
 
 
Page 
#106___ 

  Atticus  “They're certainly  ethos  they listened 


  entitled to think that 
  and they're entitled to 
11  full respect for their 
  opinions “ 
As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

  Formal 
 
Page 
#120___ 

  Jem  “Oh go on and leave me  pathos  he departed the kitchen  


  alone. I'm reading the 
  paper” 
12  Formal 
 
 
 
Page 
#_133__ 

 
 
Examples of Fallacious Reasonings 
Chapter  Character  Fallacy Used  What effect did it have? 
13 

  aunt Alexandra  “Well your father and I  They didn't know for a while if 
  decided it was time I  it meant three days or thirty 
  came to stay with you  years. 
  for a while.” 
 
 
 
Page 
#__145
__ 

  Scout  I said I would like it very  Even though Scout lied it 
  much, which was a lie,  wouldn't had mattered if she 
  but one must lie under  even told the truth on how 
  certain circumstances  she felt about her staying. 
  and at all times when 
Page  one can't do anything 
#_146-1 about them. 
47___ 
 

  Joshua Clair  Aunt Alexandra said  Jem pointed out that he tried 
  cousin Joshua was a  to kill the president and Aunt 
  beautiful character and  Alexandra got upset 
  showed a book he wrote 
  like she was proud 
 
Page 
#___15
1_ 

       
As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

 
 
 
 
 
Page 
#____ 
 

       
 
 
 
 
 
Page 
#____ 
 
Allusions (use the ​Allusions Survival Guide​ to help you ) 
Chapter  Character  What allusion did they use?  How did it affect the meaning or tone? 

Page # 

  Scout  the dewey decimal  it changed from a hopeful tone 


Ch. 2  system   to a disappointing one 
 
P. 20 
 

Ch. 1   Dill  Dracula  changes from a exciting tone to 


P. 8  a sarcastic one 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Scout  The battle of Hastings   The mood changed to one of 


Ch. 1  shame 
P. 3 
 
 
 
 

  Scout  Andrew Jackson  The tone changed from curious 


Ch. 1  to a learning tone 
P. 3 
As you read, stop and jot your notes in the charts on each page.

 
 
 
 
 

  Scout  Lorenzo dow  changes from a joyous tone to a 


  spiteful one 
Ch. 2 
P. 20 
 
 
 
 
 

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