AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

MODULE 01 – PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

ARCHITECTURE & ARTS

Greek words
ARKI = first or original
TEKNOS = the ability to put things together
Sanskrit root
ARTS = everything in its right place

DEFINITION OF TERMS

 CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (LOI NO. 1000)

Refers to a sustaining and progressive learning process that maintains, enhances, or increases
the knowledge and continuing ability of architects. [RA 9266]

 INTEGRATED AND ACCREDITED PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION (LOI NO. 1000)

The existing official national organization of all architects of the Philippines in which all
registered Filipino architects shall be members without prejudice to membership in other
voluntary professional associations.

 STRUCTURAL CONCEPTUALIZATION ( RA 9266 )

The act of conceiving, choosing and developing the type, disposition, arrangement and
proportioning of the structural elements of an architectural work giving due consideration to
safety, cost effectiveness, functionality and aesthetics

 ACCREDITED PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION (APO) ( RA 9266 )

The Architecture profession shall be integrated into one (1) national organization which shall be
accredited by the Board.

 CIVIL ENGINEERING (Practice of)

Public works such as : land surveying, bldg. of highways, bridges, waterways, harbors, artificial
water supply, sewage disposal, irrigation, and demolition of permanent structures

 INTERIOR DESIGN (Practice of)

Arrangement and development of interiors of buildings and residences

 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE (Practice of)

Natural scenery and land areas, various outdoor spaces,
To enhance the ecological system and quality of life

 PROGRAMMING
A step-by-step process of preparing an instruction through given information

 ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING
- The process of investigating, identifying and documenting the needs of the client for use in the
design of the project
- A process leading to the statement of an architectural problem and the requirements to be met
in offering a solution
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

PD 223 – THE PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Article IV- Administrative Investigations
Procedures for Filing of Complaint against a Professional
1) Immoral or dishonorable conduct;
2) Insanity;
3) Conviction of a criminal offense involving moral turpitude;
4) Unprofessional or unethical conduct;
5) Gross negligence or incompetence in the practice of the
profession;
6) The use or perpetration of fraud or deceit in the acquisition of registration certificate

Article IX- Accreditation of Professional Organizations

Qualifications for Accreditation
1) Established in good faith
2) Established for professional ends
3) Substantial number of members
4) Homogeneous composition
5) National in scope

THE ARCHITECT’S NATIONAL CODE: THE VIRTUES OF AN ARCHITECT

“May the Architect be high-minded;
not arrogant, but faithful;
Just and easy to deal with,
without avarice;
Not let his mind be occupied in receiving gifts,
But let him preserve his good name
with dignity…”
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9266: The Architecture Act of 2004

An act providing for a more responsive and comprehensive regulation
for the registration, licensing and practice of Architecture

PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE
1. Architect – of – Record
Civil liability for signed plans, specifications and contract documents
2. Architect – In – Charge of Construction
Civil liability for construction supervision
3. Consulting Architect
With specialization in any branch of architecture
4. Authorship
Supervised preparation, in-charge of preparation
5. Ownership of Plans
Project and site-specific agreements and drawings

RA 545: Board of Examiners RA 9266: Board of Examiners

 Filipino citizen  Filipino citizen
 in active practice  in active practice (at least 10 years)
 not a faculty member of any architectural  not a faculty member of any architectural
school school within 5 years from nomination
 Term of Office : 3 years  Term of Office : 3, 2, 1 yr/s
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Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

Architect
 Professionally and Academically qualified to practice architecture
A.) Academically (Technicality) B.) Professionally (Legality)
 BS Architecture (5 years)  21 year of legal age
 Recognize Reputable School  Registered
 Diversified Training Experience  SEC/ DTI
(2 Years)
 PRC Board Passer

REVOCATION OF CERTIFICATE
1) Signed and sealed documents not prepared or supervised by him/her
2) Paid extra money to secure certificate
3) Falsely impersonated a practitioner; practiced under fictitious name
4) Aided in the practice of unauthorized persons
5) Solicited projects by rendering services without agreements

NON-ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE
1) Moral Turpitude (criminal offense of)
2) Immoral or Dishonorable Conduct (guilty of)
3) Unsound Mind (person of)

SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION OF CERTIFICATE

 Signed contract documents not authored by him/her
 Paid to secure Certificate of Registration
 Impersonated or practiced under a fictitious name
 Aided in the practice of a person not authorized to practice

CORPORATE PRACTICE
 Filipino citizens
 75% are registered and licensed architects
 registered with SEC
 individual members are responsible for their individual and collective acts

ARTICLE 1723: CIVIL - CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

LIABILITIES
ENGINEER OR ARCHITECT
 No defects in plans and specifications / defects in the ground
 Within 15 years from completion of the structure
CONTRACTOR
 Defects in the construction or the use of materials
ENGINEER OR ARCHITECT
 Supervises the construction, he shall be solidarily liable with the contractor.
 10 years following the collapse of the building
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

SPECTRUM OF THE ARCHITECT’S SERVICES (UAP DOC 201-207)

UAP DOCUMENTS CPD SCP CDS CG
200 Code of Ethics
201 Pre- design Services
202 Design services
203 Specialized Allied Services
204 Construction Services
205 Post- Construction Services
206 Comprehensive Architectural Services
207 Design- Build Services
208 Selection of Architects & Methods of Compensation
209 Competition
301 General Condition of the Contract

201 PRE – DESIGN SERVICES

MANNER OF PROVIDING SERVICES
- architect’s own staff
- by association or consultation
METHOD OF COMPENSATION
- Multiple of Direct Expense (cost per technical hour with a multiplier)

FOUR PHASES OF REGULAR SERVICES (4) SDP | DDP | CDP | CP

1) Schematic Design Phase

- ascertain project requirements
- prepare schematic studies leading to a recommended solution
- submit probable construction cost
2) Design Development Phase
- prepares plans, elevations and other drawings, outline specifications
- illustrate the size and character of the project
- submits a further statement of probable construction cost
3) Contract Documents Phase
- prepares complete construction drawings and specifications
- prepares detailed architectural, structural, electrical, plumbing/sanitary, mechanical and
other service-connected equipment
- furnishes 5 complete sets of contract documents for bidding
- informs owner of adjustments in costs
- assists owner in securing government approvals
4) Construction Phase
- prepares forms for contract letting, documents for bidding and for construction
- assists owner in obtaining proposals from contractors
- decides on claims of owner and contractor
- periodically visits the project site to monitor general progress
- issues Certificates of Payment
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

PROJECT CLASSIFICATION: BASIC FEES SMERM RHEAC

1) Simple Projects 6) Repetitive Construction

2) Moderate Structures 7) Housing Projects
3) Exceptional Structures 8) Extensive Detailing
4) Residential 9) Alterations and Renovations
5) Monumental Structures 10) Consultations and Arbitration

Group 1. SIMPLE PROJECTS Minimum basic fee: 6% of the cost for 50M or less
a. Armories c. Hangar e. Public Markets
b. Bakery d. Parking Structures f. Warehouse | Industrial Plants

Group 2. MODERATE STRUCTURES Minimum basic fee: 7% of the cost for 50M or less
a. Art galleries d. Banks
b. City halls e. Supermarkets | Apartments, Dormitories
c. Libraries f. Comml | Recl | Religious | Educl Facilities

Group 3. EXCEPTIONAL STRUCTURES - with consultants - 8% of Cost for P50M or less

a. Atomic facilities (physicist) d. Medical facilities / hospital (electrical engineer)
b. Aquarium (marine biologist) e. Research Facilities | Condominiums (considered “exceptional”)
c. Mortuary f. Theatres | Aquaria | Breweries

Group 4. RESIDENTIAL - MBF: 10% : single-detached, duplex, small apartments, townhouses

Group 5. MONUMENTAL STRUCTURES - it requires concept: Minimum basic fee: 12%

a. Expositions, Fair bldgs. c. Gateways | Special Decorative Bldgs.
b. Museums d. mausoleums | monuments | memorials

Group 6. REPETITIVE CONSTRUCTION - includes group 1, 2 , 3, & 5

1st unit: MBF of Group 1,2,3 or 5
2nd unit: 80% of MBF (minimum basic fee)
3rd unit: 60% of MBF
4th to infinity: 40% of MBF

Group 7. HOUSING PROJECTS - includes only houses | several units on a single site
1st unit: 10% MBF
2nd – 10th unit: Fee of 1 unit + ( 60% of MBF for each additional)
11th – infinity: Fee of 10% + ( 30% of MBF for each additional)

Group 8. EXTENSIVE DETAILING - Minimum basic fee: 15%

- includes extensive detailing of furniture, cabinets, landscapes and interior

Group 9. ALTERATIONS AND RENOVATIONS Minimum basic fee: 150% (includes groups 1.2.3.4&5)

Group 10. CONSULTATION AND ARBITRATION

- opinions, advice, clarifications or explanation on technical arch’l matters
Minimum Fee:
P200/hour for technical matters
P500/hour as expert witness
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

202 DESIGN SERVICES: PAYMENT SCHEDULE

Periodic Cumulative

Upon Signing of Agreement 5% 5%

Upon Completion of Schematic Design Services 15 % 20 % Based on

Construction Cost
Upon Completion of Design Development Services 15 % 35 % Estimate
Upon Completion of Contract Documents Services 50 % 85 %

W/In 15 Days After Awards Of Bids x 85 % Based on

Upon Completion of The Construction Work 15 % 100 % Winning Bid Price

203 SPECIAL ALLIED SERVICES I Ds | A C Ee | L Ds | P P | C PL

Services include:
1) Interior Design Services
Payments
12-20% of cost
5% as coordinator with ID
preliminary 30%; final 50%; project completion 20%

2) Acoustic, Communication And Electronic Engineering Services

Payments
10-15% of cost
5% as coordinator with consultant
Preliminary 30%; final 50%; project completion 20%

3) Landscape Design Services

Payments
10-15% of cost
5% as coordinator with consultant
Preliminary 30%; final 50%; project completion 20%

4) Physical Planning Services

Payments Based on project type, area and location

5) Comprehensive Planning Services

Payments
Professional fee plus expenses
Multiple of direct personnel expense
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

204 CONSTRUCTION SERVICES FCP

A.) FULL TIME SUPERVISION

 Percentage Method 1 – 1 1/2% of PCC (project construction cost)
 MDPE (Multiple Direct Personnel Expense)
Legal Responsibility: Construction Supervision
Quality Control | Records
- interpretation of contract documents | getting client information
- on-site observation | samplings, tests | Material handling storage
Evaluation
- design modifications | review change orders | payment
- target project schedule via actual schedule

B.) CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

 Percentage Method 1 1/2% - 3% of pcc
Legal Responsibility: Coordinates and supervises all construction groups
Coordination and supervision | Cost and time control | Quality control and keeping of records

C.) PROJECT MANAGER

 Percentage Method 2 - 5% of pcc
Legal Responsibility: architect may expand his staff by hiring experts / professional team

205 POST – CONST’N SERVICES - Management fee based on percentage: 4-6% of gross rentals

A.) Building and Equipment Maintenance

- In-House Architect to see that the building and all parts thereat are in good working
condition

B.) Building and Grounds Administration

- Billing of tenants for rentals and utilities
- Monitoring of security and janitorial services
- Keeping up with local ordinances and building regulations

C.) Post-Construction Evaluation

- Evaluate actual use of facility
- Determine effectiveness of building and material systems
- Evaluate functional effectiveness of the plan & construction

206 COMPREHENSIVE ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES

- All services (UAP DOC 201-205)
- Equivalent to Project Manager
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

207 DESIGN – BUILD SERVICES

- Handling projects at the shortest time, at lowest cost with quality and performance

A.) DESIGN BUILD SERVICES BY ADMINISTRATION

- Project constructed under the direct and sole responsibility of the Architect
- cost of labor and materials paid directly by the client
- 7% Fee as Compensation separate Architects Fee for regular design services

B.) DESIGN BUILD SERVICES ON A GUARANTEED MAXIMUM COST

- Client given a guaranteed maximum cost for the construction of the project
- a revolving capital is given at start of construction; architect does not advance any amount
- net savings divided between client and architect
- 10% Fee as Compensation separate Architects Fee for regular design services

208-A SELECTION OF THE ARCHITECT DCD

1) DIRECT SELECTION
 Clients Personal selection of architect

2) COMPARATIVE SELECTION
 Clients choose between other architects for the best suited for the project

3) DESIGN COMPETITION (209 Design Competition Code)

 For monumental, civic, and prestigious private building projects

208-B METHODS OF COMPENSATION

1) Percentage of Construction Cost (PCC)
2) Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses (MDPE)
3) Professional Fee Plus Reimbursable Expenses
4) Lump Sum or Fixed Fee
5) Per Diem
6) Combination
7) Key turn

301 GEN. CONDITION OF THE CONTRACT

It establishes the relationship between:
Owner-Architect,
Owner-Contractor(s), and
Contractor-Architect
It stipulates the norms by which the contractor shall perform his work
in accordance with the current trends in the practice of Architecture.
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

UAP DOCUMENT 301: GENERAL CONDITIONS

SECTION 1: DEFINITIONS

 CONTRACT DOCUMENTS – consists of the following:

1. Agreement
2. General conditions
3. Special provisions
4. Specifications
5. Drawings

KEY PLAYERS
 OWNER – person ordering the project for execution
- signature on documents- by owner and contractor
 ARCHITECT – commissioned by the owner
- Ownership of contract documents and models
 ENGINEER – person so named in the contract document

 PROJECT REPRESENTATIVE – full time construction inspector hired by owner assisting

in the supervision of the work.

 CONTRACTOR – person or firm whose proposal has been accepted & contract awarded
- signature on documents- by owner and contractor
- manufacturers and dealers- all transactions through the contractor
 contractor’s expense
 search for causes of defects or faults
 schedule for submission of detail and shop drawings- setting
drawings, templates, patterns
 SUB-CONTRACTOR – having direct contact with contractor, acts in behalf of the contractor in
executing any part of the contract
BONDS
1) PROPOSAL BOND
- guarantee to enter into a contract if awarded

2.) PERFORMANCE BOND

- guarantee to execute the work in accordance with the terms of the contract
- 15 % of contract amount

3.) PAYMENT BOND

- guarantee to pay all obligations arising from the contract
- 15% of Contract amount
- valid until replacement of Guarantee Bond

4.) GUARANTEE BOND

- guarantee workmanship and quality of materials and equipment for 1 year
- 30% of contract amount
- valid up to 1 yr from date of acceptance
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

Within 15 days claims for extra cost- caused by instructions from architect or owner;
delays in owner-supplied materials

After 15 days extension of time

98% completion certificate of completion of work

5 days - immediately

7 days - from receipt of Notice to Proceed

10 days -notice to stop, resume before beginning or suspending, resuming

- Request on drawing & materials from date needed

15 days - “Money Matters” request for payment by contractor

- Change of order
- Certificate of payment by the architect
- For owner to pay the contractor from issuance of certificate of payment
- Request of extension from occurrence of delay
- Notice of termination upon written notice
- Contract sum & breakdown

30 days - arbitration (owner to comply)

- Certificate of occupancy

60 days - to make good of known defects after issuance of certificate of completion

(Expiration of performance & payment bond)

90 days - work stoppage ordered by the court

- Retention (3 months after acceptance of work)

120 days - Building Permit validity (stoppage)

365 days - Building Permit (without construction)

- Guarantee Bond effectively

3 years – Renewal of License

15 years – Liability of Architect to his Project

 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

200 CODE OF ETHICAL CONDUCT

RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE PEOPLE
 safety, health and well-being
 cultural preservation
 technical information
 no paid and misleading publicity, and endorsement of materials

RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE CLIENT

 no paid and misleading publicity, and endorsement of materials
 proper compensation
 clarification of project assumptions
 sound advice re materials, estimates and financial viability
 clause for arbitration

RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE CONTRACTOR

 no gifts, commissions, favors
 clear stipulations of contract documents
 timely notice re contractor’s errors and oversights
 prompt issuance of Certificates of Payment, Final Certificate of Completion

RESPONSIBILITIES TO MANUFACTURERS, DEALERS, AGENTS

 no technical services that may be accompanied by an obligation
 no commissions, discounts, fees, gifts or favors

RESPONSIBILITIES TO COLLEAGUES AND SUBORDINATES

 compensation for professional fees
 no competing on the basis of professional fees
 no seeking of commissions previously endowed to another architect
 adhere to rules on Architectural Competitions
 notifying other architects of buildings to be rehabilitated or remodeled
 do not injure another architect’s professional reputation or prospects
 signing and sealing only of authored plans
 suitable working conditions for subordinates
 mentoring young aspirants
 interchange of technical information
 involvement with the professional organization
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Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 Sole Proprietorship
 Partnership
 Consultant
 Corporate Setting
GLOBAL PRACTICE
GATT- General Agreement on Tariff and Trade
GATS- General Agreement on Trade in Services
The GATS covers all internationally-traded services
Defines four ways in which a service can be traded, known as "modes of supply":

MODES OF SUPPLY
A.) CROSS-BORDER SUPPLY
Services supplied from one country

B.) CONSUMPTION ABROAD

Consumers from one country
Making use of a service in another country

C.) COMMERCIAL PRESENCE

A company from one country setting up subsidiaries or branches
to provide services in another country

D.) MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS

Individuals travelling from their own country
to supply services in another

CONCILIATION/ MEDIATION: An attempt to achieve an amicable (AGREEABLE) settlement

Is a way of settling disputes between parties arising from, or connected with construction contracts
in the Philippines (except labor disputes).
CONCILIATION
The dispute is referred to a panel of conciliators tasked to bring the parties to an agreement

MEDIATION
A single neutral third party, called mediator, brings the disputing parties to a negotiation.

ARBITRATION: A machinery for construction disputes

Arbitration is a simple, speedy and less expensive alternative to court action.
is a way of settling dispute/s between parties who agree to submit such dispute/s for resolution by
their chosen judges or arbitrators.
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
PARTS OF A CONTRACT DOCUMENT

1) Bidding Requirements
 Invitation
 Instruction
 Information
 Bid form
 Bid bond
2) Contract Forms
 Agreement
 Performance bond
 Payment bond
 Certificates
3) Contract Conditions
 General
 Supplementary
4) Specifications
5) Drawings

OWNER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
The Owner shall:
 provide full information as to his requirements for the Project.
 furnish the following information/ documents
for the preparation of the Land Development and House Construction plans.
a. Site survey/ lot plan signed by a geodetic engineer
b. Topographic plan
c. Geologic/ sub-soil data
 Pay for tests as may be required for the Project
 Government Taxes
 Any tax that the government may impose on the Architect as a consequence of the
services performed for the Project (exclusive of income tax) shall be paid by the
Owner.
 Pay for Separate Services
 The Professional fee does no cover separate services such as the design or
plans of movable items
 Miniature Models
 Extra sets of contract documents
 Changes ordered by owner
 Suspended or abandoned work
 Traveling Expenses
 A per diem of not less than one thousand pesos plus travelling and living
expenses shall be chargeable to the Owner on any occasion where the Architect or
his duly authorized representative shall be required to perform services at a locality
beyond the radius of 100 kilometers from the established address.

REQUIRED NUMBERS
1) PRC Number
2) Tax Identification Number
3) Residence Certificate Number
4) Professional Tax Receipt
 AR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Lecture Summary | Tan, M.C.

16 DIVISION UNIFORM CONSTRUCTION INDEX

1- General Requirements 9- Finishes
2- Sitework 10- Specialties
3- Concrete 11- Equipment
4- Masonry 12- Furnishings
5- Metals 13- Special Construction
6- Wood and Plastics 14- Conveying Systems
7- Thermal and Moisture Protection 15- Mechanical
8- Doors and Windows 16- Electrical

PERT-CPM

METHODS OF PLANNING
1. BAR CHART METHOD
2. CRITICAL PATH METHOD

PERT – Program Evaluation & Review Technique

BAR CHART – shows the time necessary for each function

But does not show how they are related to one another.
Traditional bar charts show both functions simultaneously
w/ the result that the answer is too often incomplete

CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) – basically is technique that separates planning & scheduling
It also clarifies the inter-relationship between time & cost.

1) Activity – Items of work to be undertaken

2) Network – defines the activities in the project.

3) Duration – Amount of time required to complete each activity

4) Event – Point in time signaling the beginning or end of one or more activities

5) Dummy Activity – Doesn’t represent work and doesn’t involve duration and cost; it only serves as

dependency connector or sequence indicator

6) Critical Path – Longest path in time through the network; delay in one of the activities will increase

the project duration

7) Float/Slack – leeway that can be used without adverse effect on the project

8) Early Start – earliest point in time that an activity can start provided all activities before it have been

finished

9) Early Finish – the duration of the activity after its early start.

10) Late Start – limiting point or deadline by which time the activity must start

11) Late Finish – time that the activity must b finished if the project is not to be delayed