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Organic Chemistry-CHM211
1. A. Lithium reacts with alcohols in a similar way as sodium. A small piece of lithium
metal is dropped onto a watch glass containing propan-1-ol.
a) What would you observe? [1]
b) Name the product of the reaction [2]
c) What difference would you expect to see if you used sodium instead of lithium in
this reaction? [1]
B. Concentrated sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid can also be used to catalyse the
dehydration of an alcohol. The alcohol and concentrated acid are heated to about 1700C.
The concentrated acid does not change chemically during the reaction.
2. A.
a) What reagent would you add to an unknown compound to see if it contains a
carbonyl group?
b) What result would you get if the unknown compound does contain a carbonyl
group? [1]
c) Why would it be useful to find the melting point of the product of this test? [1]
d) Describe the results you would expect to see if pentan-3-one and pentanal are
separately treated with Tollen’s reagent. Where a reaction takes place, name the
organic product and name the type of reaction that takes place. [4]
e) Write a balanced equation for the reaction that take place when propanal is
warmed with a solution of sodium tetrahydridoborate, using the symbol [H] to
represent a hydrogen atom from the reducing agent. [2]
f) Name the product formed in the reduction reaction if pentan-3one is warmed with
a solution of sodium tetrahydridoborate. [1]
g) Name the organic product that would be formed in the nucleophilic addition of
HCN to:
i. ethanal
ii. propanone [2]
h) Use equation and curly arrows to describe the mechanism of the reaction in part
(g) i. [4]