Attachment Kannada Manasu

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(Communication in Kannada)
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Prescribed Text Book
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(¸ÀAªÀºÀ£ÀPÁÌV PÀ£ßÀ qÀ)
(Common to B.Arch, B.E/B.Tech of all branches)

[As per Outcome Based Education (OBE) and Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ
(Vyavaharika Kannada)
Semester: II B.Arch and III / IV B.E/B.Tech
Course Code: 18KVK28/39/49 CIE Marks: 100
Contact Hours/Week: 02 hour Tutorial SEE Marks: ---
Credit: 01
Course Learning Objectives:

The course will enable the students to understand Kannada and
communicate in Kannada language.
Chapter - 1: Vyavaharika kannada – Parichaya (Introduction to Vyavaharika

Kannada)
Chapter - 2: Kannada Aksharamale haagu uchcharane ( Kannada Alpabets and
Pronunciation)
Chapter - 3: Sambhashanegaagi Kannada Padagalu (Kannada Vocabulary for
Communication)
Chapter - 4: Kannada Grammar in Conversations (Sambhashaneyalli
Kannada Vyakarana)
Chapter - 5: Activities in Kannada.
¤gÀAvÀgÀ DAvÀjPÀ ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£À (Continuous Internal Evaluation):

PÁ¯ÉÃdÄ ªÀÄlÖzÀ°èAiÉÄ DAvÀjPÀ ¥ÀjÃPÉëAiÀÄ£ÀÄß 100 CAPÀUÀ½UÉ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄzÀ ¤AiÀÄªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ
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«µÀAiÀÄ: ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ
(Communication inKannada)
“Study Certificate”
Name of the College: .............................................. ..............................................
Name of the Department : .......................................... ...................................

This is to certife that .............................................. USN No:…......................................
2nd Semester B.Arch., and 3rd / 4th Semester B.E.,/ B.Tech has studied the
prescribed text book “Vyavaharika Kannada” (Communication in Kannada) in
the academic year 20….- 20….
He / She has studied prescribed text book “Vyavaharika Kannada”
(Communication in Kannada) in the academic year 20….- 20… according to the
directions and guidelines of the University and has scored …….. marks out of
100 marks ( marks in words …………………….. ) in the CIE (Continuous
Internal Evaluation) examination conducted by the College / Institute.
Date : ……………
Signature of the
Class incharge teacher
Signature with seal

of the Principal / HoD

Chapter - 1
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Introduction to Vyavaharika Kannada
1.0 Necessity of learning a local langauge:
The learning of local language
 Teaches and encourages respect for other peoples: it fosters an understanding of the
interrelation of language and human nature.
 Expands one’s view of the world, liberalize one’s experiences, and make one more
flexible and tolerant.
 Limit the barriers between people: barriers cause distrust and fear.
 Open the door to art, music, dance, fashion, cuisine, film, philosophy, science…
 Leads to an appreciation of cultural diversity.
 Helps communication skills.
Language learning helps develop strong cognitive skills, such as a better concept formation,
mental flexibility, multitasking, listening skills and problem-solving, in addition to improving
social interaction and encouraging connection between peers.
Use of local language help to mingle with the local society, ensures security, nice welcoming
from auto/cab drivers, shop owners, employees of local government etc., and make the living
easier and more comfortable.
1.1 Tips to learn the language with easy methods.

Apart from the conventional method of learning from teachers, the learning of language can be
accelerated by adopting the following methods.
1) Love the learning without boredom.
2) Talk to classmates and others in Kannada without hesitation and with no concern to
grammatical mistakes during the initial stages of learning the language.
3) Use English words to continue the conversation when you find difficulty in finding suitable
Kannada word/s. Vocabulary improves with the use of language.
4) Listen to Kannada news and watch Kannada movies.
5) Listen to KannadaAM and FM radios for news, live conversations and songs.
6) Use online applications (apps) for faster learning.
1.2 Hints for correct and polite conservation

1) Be vigilant about the verbs, the pronouns, the genders and tense required for day to day
Conversation.
2) Pronounce the words properly.
3) Use plural from to address others.

4) Use simple sentences for conversation.
1.3 About Kannada Language (Kannada Bhashe)

 Kannada is one of the classical (Shastreeya) languages of India since November 01,
2008, and the official language of the Karnataka state.
 This language is not just confined within the borders of Karnataka, for you will find it
spoken by people in parts of the neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and
Maharashtra. Kannada is spoken in its various dialects by about Five million people
across the globe. It is one among the top 40 most spoken languages of the world.
 Spoken Kannada is in use since 2500 years, and has its own script since 1900 years.
Spoken Kannada varies according to the regions of Karnataka while the written form of
kannada remains same. Kannada is the third oldest language of India (after Sanskrit and
Tamil).
 The written form of kannada is phonetic and it is written as it is spoken.
 The first Kannada-English Dictionary (ShabdaKosha) was compiled in 1894 by a
German priest, Rev. Ferdinand Kittel. He also wrote a book on Kannada Grammar
entitled, "A Grammar of the Kannada Language: Comprising the Three Dialects of the
Language".
 Several noted centuries old literary works of Kannada have been translated into
Sanskrit, and other languages.
 November 1 every year is celebrated as Kannada Rajyotsava Day throughout Karnataka
state and is declared a state holiday. This was the day that the name Karnataka was
given to the Mysore state.

Chapter – 2
PÀ£ÀßqÀ CPÀëgÀªÀiÁ¯É ºÁUÀÆ GZÁÑgÀuÉ

Kannada Alphabets and Pronunciation
2.0 Kannada Aksharamale (PÀ£ÀßqÀ CPÀëgÀªÀiÁ¯É)
The Kannada letters in Kannada are called aksharagalu (CPÀëgÀUÀ¼ÄÀ ). Kannada script
(aksharamale or varnamale) has 49 letters (akshara or varna) and are classified into 3
categories: Svara (Vowels), Vyanjana (Consonants) and Yogavahaka (semiconsonants or part
vowel, part consonants). Kannada is written and read from left to right.
The number of varna/swara (Vowels) is 14 in Kannada. However, one of the vowels ೠ is

considered as obselete.The 13 vowels are shown in Table – 2.1.Vowel is a speech sound
produced by humans when the breath flows out through the mouth without being blocked by
the teeth, tongue, or lips.
Table – 2.1
Kannada vowels along with equivalt English and Hindi letters
A– अ- C Aa - आ - D I– इ- E I: - ई - F
(I to be pronounced as in (I to be pronounced as in
the start of easy) the start of east)
U- उ - G U - ऊ- H RU - ऋ - ಋ E- ए- J
(E to be pronounced as in
everest)
E: - NHl* - K AI - ऐ-L O– ओ- M O: - NHl - N
(E to be pronounced as in
the start of aeoplane
AU – औ - O Am – अं - CA Aha - अ: - C:
*
NHl – No Hindi letter
Vyanjana (Consonants) is made of structured consonants and unstructured consonants. The

number of structured consonants is 25 and is shown in Table – 2.2. While pronouncing, stress
to be applied to certain consonants, like in Kha as compared to Ka.

The sound of a consonant is produced by a partial or complete obstruction of the airstream by a

constriction of the speech organs. Also,some are voiced (made by a vibration of the vocal
cords) and some are voiceless (no vibration).
Table – 2.2
Kannada Consonants along with equivalent English and Hindi letters
Ka – क - PÀ Kha - ख - R Ga – ग - UÀ Gha – घ - WÀ Inya - ङ - k
Cha - च - ZÀ Chha – छ - bÀ Ja – ज - d Jha - झ - gÀhÄ Nya - ञ - Y
Ta - ट - l Ttha – ठ - oÀ Da – ड - qÀ Dha – ढ - qsÀ Nna - ण - t
Tha – त - vÀ Thaa - थ- xÀ Dha - द - zÀ Dhaa- ध -zsÀ Na - न - £À
Pa - प - ¥À Pha - फ - ¥sÀ Ba – ब - § Bha – भ - ¨sÀ Ma - म - ªÀÄ
The number of unstructured consonants is 10 and is shown in Table 2.3.
Table – 2.3
Kannada unstructured consonants along with equivalent English and Hindi letters
Ya - य - AiÀÄ Ra - र - gÀ La - ल - ® Va - व - ªÀ Sha - श - ±À
Shaa - ष - µÀ Sa – स - ¸À Ha - ह - ºÀ La – NHl - ¼À Ksha – - PÀë

NHl – No Hindi letter
Unstructured consonants are a speech sound produced by human beings when the breath that
flows out through the mouth is blocked by the teeth, tongue, or lips.
The number of Yogavahaka (semiconsonants or part vowel, part consonants) is 02 and is

shown in Table – 2.4.
Table – 2.4
Kannada unstructured consonants
Am - अं - CA Aha - अ: - C:
2.1 Kannada stress letters - vattakshara (also often written as

Ottakashara)
The number of written characters in Kannada language, however, is far more than the 49
because of combination of different characters. It forms diagraphs (a combination of two letter
representing one sound) or compound characters called the vattakshara (Ottakashara) in
Kannada. These words are formed by the use of symbols of the consonants. These symbols
appear below the consonants as in CªÀÄä (mother) and C¥Àà (father).

These Kannada stress words require Higher pitch, greater length, and greater loudness during
pronunciation. In the above examples stress is decided by mma and ppa.
However in English, stress words are formed with the use of English letters itself appearing
successively like in words Committee, See, Luggage, College, Engineering etc. Here the stress
letters are mm, tt,ee,ee, gg, ll and ee respectively.
Stress words needs extra energy to show up with higher pitch, greater length, and greater
loudness.
English versionof the Kannada stress letters [vattakshara (Ottakashara)] are shown in Table –
2.5 to assist the pronunciation of the same.
Table –2.5
Kannada stress letters along with English stress letters
Double consonants from kka (PÀ) to hha (¼À)
PÀÌ RÍ UÀÎ WÀÏ YÐ
kka khkha gga ghgha nnya
ZÀÑ bÀÒ dÓ gÀhÄÔ kÕ
cca chcha jja jhjha nnya
lÖ oÀ× qÀØ qsÀÙ tÚ
ta ththa dda dhdha nna
vÀÛ xÀÜ zÀÝ zsÀÞ £Àß
tta ththa dda dhdha nna
¥Àà ¥sÀá §â ¨sÀã ªÀÄä
ppa phpha bba bhbha mma
AiÀÄå gÀæ ®è ªÀé ±Àê
yya rra lla vva ssha
µÀë ¸Àì ºÀí ¼Àî PÀë÷
shsha ssa hha lla Kssha
2.2 Kannada khaghunitha (Pronounced as kâ-guṇithâ )

Union of vowels and consonants results in kâ-guṇithâkshara [In Hindi it is called
Barakhadiबारहखड़ी]. [29, Kittel]
Example:
Union of vowels with consonant “ka” is illustrated in Table – 2.6.
Table – 2.6
Kannada khaghunitha of First Consonant of Kannada ‘Ka’

1 ka + a = ka PÀ + C = PÀ क +अ = क Kaas in Kalpana
When ka combines with the vowel C, the prouncing sound remains that of ka only.
2 ka + Aa = kaa PÀ + D = PÁ क +आ = का Kaaas in Kanguru
3 ka + i = ki PÀ + E = Q क + इ = िक Ki as in Kick
4 ka + i: = ki: PÀ + F = QÃ क + ई = की Ki as in Key
5 ka + u = ku PÀ + G = PÀÄ क + उ = कु Ku as in Kumari,Kumara
6 ka + u: = ku: PÀ + H = क + ऊ = कू Ku: as in Cool
7 ka + ru = -- PÀ + IÄ = PÀÈ क + ऋ = NHl* Kru as in Krupa
(Name of the girl)
8 Ka + -- = -- PÀ + IÄ = PÀÈ क + ऋ = NHl --
9 ka + e = ke PÀ + J = PÉ क + ए = के Ke as in Kesari
10 ka + e: = ke: PÀ + K = PÉÃ क + - = NHl Ke: as in Kerala (state)
11 ka + ai = kai PÀ + L = PÉÊ क + ऐ = कै Kai as in Kite
12 ka + o = ko PÀ + M = PÉÆ क + ऒ = को Ko as in Coimbatore
13 ka + o: = ko: PÀ + N = PÉÆÃ क +- = NHl Ko: as in Coordinate
14 ka + au = kau PÀ + O = PË क + औ = कौ Kau as in Cow, Kowsalya,
Kowtilya.
15 ka + am = kam PÀ + CA = PÀA क + अं = कं Kam as in Come
16 ka + aha = kaha PÀ + CB = PÀB क + अ: = कः ---
NHl* - No Hindi letter
In a similar way guṇithakshara’s of other consonants from ‘ka (PÀ)’ to ‘La (¼À)’ also can be
formed.
The Kannada writing system involves consonants appearing with an inherent vowel.
2.3 Pronunciation (Uchcharane), Memorisation and usage of the

Kannada Letters
The first step in learning any langauge is to become proficient in pronounciation
(Uchharane),visual recognition (Guruthisuvudu) of printed letters through observant process,
understanding of the words, memorisation (Nenapinalliittukoluvodu) of the same and use them
appropriately.
For this purpose, the Kannada vowels and consonants and their equivalent English and Hindi
versions are given in the Table – 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9. The underlining of the English letters
specifies how the Kannada letters are to be pronounced.

(C) Svaragala (Vowels) Uchcharane
Table – 2. 7
Kannada Vowels
Pronunciation
Sound of the Kannada vowel is as at the start or any where
Equivalent
Kannada
English
Vowel
of the English word. Prounciation of English word is as per

Hindi
Sl
English – Kannada dictionary, Published by Mysore
No
University, 1999.
1 C A or a अ At/America/Upside/Urge/Aside/…
2 D Aa आ Australia/Africa/On/Arch/Ask/…
3 E I इ It/Ink/Indonesia/Equal/Eat/Issue,Paying/Payee /His/…
4 F I: ई Eat/ Eshwara( Lord Shiva),Easy/ Feet/Jeep/ Seat/Neat/…
5 G U उ Urugauy/Uttarakanda/Woo/Urdu/ Upanishads/…
6 H U: ऊ Urjit Patel/Oofi/Ooze/…
7 R ऋ Rushi (Saint) in Kannada (Rushi is pronounced as Rishi in
Hindi)
8 Ru ॠ Has become obsolete
9 J E ए Ate/Eight/Effgi/Etching/Estimate/X-ray/Elephant/…
10 K E: -- Aeroplane/Aerial/Air/Asian/…
11 L Ai ऐ Eiffel tower/Identity/Isometric/Island/…
12 M O ओ Original/ Oval/Oral, Go/Though/….
13 N O: -- Vote/Overtime/Own/Oolite/…
14 O AU औ Aurangabad/Owl/Outgrowth/Out/…

(D) Vyanjanagala (Structured Consonants) Uchcharane

Table – 2.8
Kannada structured consonants
Pronunciation
Equivalent
Consonant
Sound of the Kannada consonants is as at the start or any where of the

Kannada
English
Hindi
English word. Prounciation of English word is as per English –
Sl
Kannada dictionary, Published by Mysore University, 1999.
No
1 PÀ Ka क Cut/Custodian/Country/Compare/Cadaver/Kerchief/
Kerbstone/…
2 R Kha ख Khalanayak (A Kannada and Hindi word)
3 UÀ Ga ग Galah/Galenic/Gazette/Girl/Girder/Government/Gulf
Gum/Gun/Gaggle/Google/…
4 WÀ Gha घ Ghana (an African Country)
5 Y nna ङ …
6 ZÀ Cha च Chirpily/Church/Chubby/Chuckle/Chunk/Churn/…
7 bÀ Chha छ ChhatrapatiShivaji/…
8 d Ja ज Just/German/Germanium/…
9 gÀhÄ Jha झ Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai/Jharkhand/…
10 k Iyna ञ …
11 l Ta ट Tough/Touch/Taboo/Tarantula/Tercet/Terminal/Ton/
Tunnel/Turbo/Turkey/ Turn/…
12 oÀ Tha ठ oÀ as in tthakkar
(tthakkar is a Kannada and Hindi word. Meaning thief in
English)
13 qÀ Da ड Double/Dove-colour/Done/Dozen/Dubbing/Duck/Dump
/Dust/…
14 qsÀ Dha ढ Pronounced as Da ‘qÀ’ with higher pich and loudness.
15 t NNa ण t as in AnnaHazare
16 vÀ Ta त Thermic/Thermometer/Third/Thirty/Thorough/Thunder/
Thursday/…
17 xÀ Tha थ Pronounced as Ta ‘xÀÀ’ with higher pich and loudness.
…
18 zÀ Da द Thus/That/…
19 zsÀ Dha ध Dharmaraya
(Head of Pandavas)
20 £À Na न Nothing/None/…

21 ¥À Pa प Paramesha/ Paramatma
22 ¥sÀ Pha फ First
23 § Ba ब Bust/ Bun/Burden/ Ballon/
24 ¨sÀ Bha भ Bharatha (Brother of bhagavan Sri Rama)
25 ªÀÄ Ma म Mummy/ Monky/Money/Mud/
(E) Unstructured ConsonantsUchcharane
Table – 2.9
Kannada unstructured consonants
Sound of the Kannada consonantsis as at the start or any

Pronunciation
Sl where of the English word. Prounciation of English word is

Hindi
Equivalent
Consonant
No as per English – Kannada dictionary, Published by Mysore

Kannada
English
University, 1999.
1 AiÀÄ Ya य Young/Yummy/Yum-Yum/…
2 gÀ Ra र Run/Rung/Rust/Russia/Rural/…
3 ® La ल London/Love/Laconic/Lacuna/…
4 ªÀ Va व One/Won/World/Verse/Version/Vertebra/Voracious/
oracious/ …
5 ±À Sha श Shakila/Sharif/Shatabdi express/
6 µÀ Sha ष Shut/Shunt/Shovel/
7 Sa स Sun/Summer/Summary/Sulphur/Subway/Somebody/Son/…
mebody/Son/…
8 ºÀ Ha ह Hulk/Hull/Hum/Haeem/Hajj/Hazard/…
9 ¼À Lla No Lla sound is rarely used in English but a common sound in
Hindi many Kannada words like in Bangaluru / Belagavi
gavi /Mangala
/Manga
letter /…
10 PÀë Ksha No English word starts with the letters Ksha. One of
the example of English word where it appears as
ksha is Auto-rikshaw.
The words that start with Ksha and much used in Indian
languages are:
Kshama (Forgiveness) (Sanskrit and Kannada: मा ) /
Kshatriya(Hindi and Kannada: ि य ) / Moksha (Hindi and
Kannada:मो ) / …

11 dÕ --- --- dÕ as in Sarvagna

(Name of Kannada poet. Jna to be pronounced as gna along
with Sarva)
Exercise – 1:
Match the following Kannada alphabet with the given equivalent version of English.
Table – 2.10
Sl Kannada Sl English version of the Write the number of the English
no alphabet no Kannada alphabet version against the Kannada alphabet
1 C i Cha Example: iv
2 G ii Ka
3 L iii Sa
4 O iv A
5 PÀ v U
6 ZÀ vi Ai
7 AiÀÄ vii Ga
8 gÀ viii Ra
9 UÀ ix Au
10 ¸À x Ya
Exercise – 2:
Match the following Kannada alphabetwith the given equivalent version of English.
Table – 2.11
Sl Kannada Sl English version of the Write the number of the
no alphabet no Kannada alphabet English version against the
Kannada alphabet
1 E i Va Example: vii
2 H ii Na
3 M iii Ma
4 d iv Ja
5 l v Ta
6 ¥À vi Pa
7 ªÀ vii I:
8 £À viii U:
9 ªÀÄ ix O
10 ºÀ x Ha
Exercise – 3:
Write the equivalent English version choosing from the following list given below.
Ya, a, u, cha, ai, ga, ka, au, e, o, ja, ma, la,i, ra
Table – 2.12
Sl Kannada alphabet Write the equivalent version of the English
no shown at the end of the table.
1 ZÀ Example: cha
2 AiÀÄ
3 gÀ
4 C
5 G
6 L
7 O
8 PÀ
9 UÀ
10 J
11 E
12 M
13 d
14 ªÀÄ
15 ®
Exercise – 4:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (Vowels), pronounce the words given in the table -
2.13 and write four times the Kannada alphabets and its English version as indicated in the first
row.
Table – 2.13
Write the Kannada alphabet (Vowel) in the boxes
English
Kannada Vowel below.
Vowel
1 2 3 4
A C as in at A C A C A C A C
Aa D as in America Aa D Aa D Aa D Aa D

I E as in interest
I: F as in Eshwara or eat
U G as in Uttara Pradesh
U: H as in UrjitPatel
Ru IÄ as in rhyme
E J as in elephant
E: K as in Aeroplane
Ai L as in Airavatha
(Airavatha is the name of one of
the KSRTC luxury buses)
O M as in Oval
O: N as in Orient
Au O as in Aurangabad
Exercise – 5:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (structured consonant), pronounce the following
words given in the table - 2.14 and write the Kannada alphabets four times and its English
version as indicated in the first and second rows.
Table – 2.14
English Kannada Consonant Write the Kannada alphabet (Consonants ) in the
Consonant boxes below.
1 2 3 4
Ka PÀ as in cup Ka PÀ Ka PÀ Ka PÀ Ka PÀ
Kha R as in Khalanayak Kha R Kha R Kha R Kha R
(A Kannada and Hindi
word)
Ga UÀ as in gun
Gha WÀ as in Ghana(Ghana
is one of the African
countries)
Cha ZÀ as in Church
Chha bÀ as in
ChhatrapatiShivaji
Ja d as in journal
Jha gÀhÄ as in ledger
Ta l as in Tapperware
oÀ as in tthakkar
Tha (tthakkar is a Kannada and
Hindi word. Meaning thief
in English)
Da qÀ as in Done
Dha qsÀ Pronounced as Da
‘qÀ’ with higher pich
and loudness.
Na t as in AnnaHazare
Tha vÀ as in Thirty
Ththa xÀ Pronounced as
Ta ‘xÀÀ’ with higher
pich and loudness.
Da zÀ as in Thus
Dha zsÀ as in Dharmaraya
(Head of Pandavas)
Na £À as in Nothing
Pa ¥À as in Paramesha/
Paramatma
Pha ¥sÀ as in First
Ba § as in Bun
Bha ¨sÀ as in Bharatha
(Brother of Lord Srirama)
Ma ªÀÄ as in
Exercise – 6:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (structured consonant), pronounce the following
words given in the table – 2.15 and write the Kannada alphabets four times and its English
version as indicated in the first row.
Table – 2.15
English Kannada Write the Kannada alphabet (Consonants) in the boxes
Consonant Consonant below.
1 2 3 4
Ya AiÀÄ as in young Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ
Ra gÀ as in Ravi
La ® as in Love
Va ªÀ as inOne/Won
Sha ±À as in Shatabdi
express train/ Shani
Ssha µÀ as in Shut
Sa ¸À as in Summer
Ha ºÀ as inHoney
Lla ¼À as in
Ksha PÀë as in Moksha
dÕ as in Sarvagna
(Name of Kannada
Jna poet. Jna to be
pronounced as gna
along with Sarva)
Exercise – 7:
Identify and practice the Kannada stress word/sin the sentences given in the Table – 2.16. [As
Kannada version of English transcription can be spelt in different ways, one of the ways has
been considered for the present example. ]
Table – 2.16
Kannada sentence written using
English letters and Write and underline the
Sentence in English
Kannada sentence written in Kannada Stress word
Kannada
Namaaskara Example: Namaskara
Hello, Namaaskara £ÀªÀi¸ÁÌgÀ
Neevu Chen nnaagiddira
How are you? ¤ÃªÀÅ ZÉ£ÁßV¢ÝÃgÀ
Naanuchennnaagiddene
I am fine. £Á£ÀÄ ZÉ£ÁßVzÉÝÃ£É
Chennagiddene. Dhanyavaada
Fine, thank you. ZÉ£ÁßVzÉÃ£É, zsÀ£ÀåªÁzÀUÀ¼ÄÀ
Hogibarutthene
Goodbye
ºÉÆÃV§gÀÄ ೕ£É

Chapter – 3
Sambhashanegaagi Kannada Padagalu

(Kannada Vocabulary for Communication)
3.0 Introduction
The conversation may be the combination of words belonging to singular, and/or plural, gender,
interrogation, opposite,homophones,feelings and emotions,number, clour, metals, household
articles, animals, measurement related, time , directions, living place, family members, relatives,
grocery items, fruits, vegetables, human body parts, food items, etc. The common terms, required
for colloquial and formal converstion are considered in this part.
3.1 Ekaavachanamattu Bhahuvachana - JPÀªÀZÀ£À mattu §ºÀÄªÀZÀ£À - Singular

and Plural nouns
Singular noun [Ekaavachana (JPÀªÀZÀ£À)]is often used in anger or in a friendly/close
relationshipenvironment.During polite conversation, Plural noun [Bhahuvachana(§ºÀÄªÀZÀ£À)]is
used.The tables 3.1 and 3.2 illustrates the singular and plural nouns used in day today conversation.
Tables –3.1
Ekaavachana (JPÀªÀZÀ£À) [Singular noun]
English Meaning of the English word in Kannada Kannada word written in
words [Kannada word written in English] kannada langauge
I Nanu £Á£À Ä
You Ninu ¤Ã£ÀÄ
He Avanu CªÀ£ÀÄ
She Avalu CªÀ¼ÄÀ
Mine Nanna £À£Àß
Me Nanu/ Nanage/Nannannu(In Different Contexts) £Á£ÀÄ/£À£U À É/£À£Àß£ÀÄß
You Ninnannu ¤£Àß£ÀÄß
By Me Nanninda £À¤ßAzÀ
To Me Nanage £À£ÀUÉ
With Me Nannondige £À£ÉÆßA¢UÉ
With Her Avalondige CªÀ¼Æ É A¢UÉ
With Him Avanondige CªÀ£ÉÆA¢UÉ
For Me/To Me Nanagagi £À£ÀUÁV
For Me Nanagoskara £À£ÀUÉÆÃ¸ÀÌgÀ
Than Me Nanaginta £À£ÀVAvÀ

Than You Ninaginta ¤£ÀVAvÀ
With Me Nannalli £À£Àß°è
Tables - 3.2
Bhahuvachana(§ºÀÄªÀZÀ£)À [Plural noun]
Kannada word
English Meaning of the English word in kannada
written in kannada
words [Kannada word written in English]
langauge
We Naavu £ÁªÀÅ
You Niivu ¤ÃªÀÅ
They Avaru CªÀgÀÄ
Ours Namma £ÀªÀÄä
Us Namma/ Namage/ Namminda(In Different £ÀªÀÄä/£ÀªÀÄUÉ/£À«ÄäAzÀ
Contexts)
Them Avarige CªÀjUÉ
By us Namminda £À«ÄäAzÀ
By you Tamminda vÀ«ÄäAzÀ
To us Namage £ÀªÀÄUÉ
With us Nammondige £ÀªÉÆäA¢UÉ
With you Nimmondige ¤ªÉÆäA¢UÉ
With them Avarondhige CªÀgÉÆA¢UÉ
For us Namagagi £ÀªÀÄUÁV
Than them Avarigintha CªÀjVAvÀ
In us Nammalli £ÀªÀÄä°è
Exercises – 1
Match theKannada singular words in List –A with the equivalent English version in List - B and
write the correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List - B.
Table – 3.3
Meaning of the
Kannada word written in
Sl Sl Kannada word in
English List - C
no no English
List – A List - B
1 Nanu i By Me Example: iv
2 Ninu ii To Me
3 Avanu iii With Me

4 Avalu iv I
5 Nanna v You
6 Nannannu vi He
7 Ninnannu vii You
8 Nanninda viii She
9 Nanage ix Mine
10 Nannondige xi Me
Exercises – 2
Match the Kannada plural words in List –A with the equivalent English version in List - B and
write the correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List - B.
Table – 3.4
Kannada word written in Meaning of the Kannada
Sl Sl
English word in English List - C
no no
List – A List - B
1 Navu i Us Example: vi
2 Nivu ii Their
3 Avaru iii By you
4 Nimma iv To us
5 Namma v Your
6 Avara vi We
7 Namage vii You
8 Avarige viii Them
9 Nimminda ix By us
10 Tamminda xi They
Exercises – 3
Table – 3.5
Conversation in Meaning of the English Conversation in Write

Englishbetween persons conversation in kannada Kannada written kannada
Raj and Ravi and writtenusing English in kannada Singular/Plur
letters langauge al word/s
List - D under
List –D
wherever
applicable
Raj Who is that? Yaaru adu? AiÀiÁgÀÄ CzÀÄ? Example: Nil
Ravi It is me. Naanu, sir, ravi. £Á£ÀÄ, ¸Àgï gÀ«. Ex: Naanu
Raj Is he your father? Evaru nimma tandenaa? EªÀgÄÀ

¤ªÀÄävÀAzÉ£Á?
Ravi Yes sir, he is my Houdu sir, evaru namma ºËzÀÄ,
father. tande. ¸Àgï.EªÀgÀÄ £À£Àß
vÀAzÉ.
Raj Who is the girl Ninna jothegiruva hudugi ¤£Àß eÉÆvÉVgÀÄªÀ
with you? yaaru? ºÀÄqÀÄV AiÀiÁgÀÄ?
Ravi She is my sister. Avalu nanna tangi. CªÀ¼ÄÀ £À£Àß vÀAV.
Raj What is her name. Avala hesaru enu? CªÀ¼À ºÉ¸gÀ ÀÄ
J£ÀÄ?
Ravi Her name is Avala hesaru Ramya. CªÀ¼À ºÉ¸gÀ ÀÄ
Ramya. gÀªÀÄå
Exercises – 4
Write the English Transcription of the Kannada Singular/Plural words
Table - 3.6
Write the English
English Transcription Transcription of
Conversation between
of the kannada Kannada Sentence the kannada
persons
Sentence Singular/Plural
words
Hello, namaskara Hello, namaskara ºÀ¯ÉÆÃ, £ÀªÀÄ¸ÁÌgÀ
Namaskara Namaskara £ÀªÀÄ¸ÁÌgÀ
I am Ravi Nanu ravi, £Á£ÀÄ gÀ«.
He is Raghu. Ivaru raghu EªÀgÄÀ gÀWÀÄ
Who are you? Nivu yaru? ¤ÃªÀÅ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?

I am Ramu Nanu ramu £Á£ÀÄ gÁªÀÄÄ
Who is she? Avalu yaaru? CªÀ¼ÄÀ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?
She is Ramya Avalu Ramya CªÀ¼ÄÀ gÀªÀÄå
When you came Yaavaga bhandhiree AiÀiÁªÁUÀ §A¢jÃ
In the Morning Bhelagge ¨É¼UÀ ÉÎ
At what time Esthu ganthege JµÀÄÖ UÀAmÉUÉ
Eight o’clock Enthu ganthege JAlÄ UÀAmÉUÉ

My name is Rama. I Nanna hesaru rama. £À£Àß ºÉ¸g

À ÀÄ gÁªÀÄ.
am an English Nanu English £Á£ÀÄ EAVèµï ²PÀëPÀ.
teacher. shikshaka. EªÀgÄÀ £À£Àß ¸ÉßÃ»vÀgÀÄ
He is my friend Ivaru nanna snehitaru
His name is Raju Ivara hesaru Raju EªÀgÀ ºÉ¸g À ÀÄ gÁdÄ.
3.2 Linga - °AUÀ - Gender

In Communication, use of proper gender is essential. In general, gender is used to distinguish
between male and female. These two are often also referred to as masculine and feminine. For
example, while son is masculine, daughter is feminine.
There are four types of genders in Kannada as like in English. They are
1) Pullinga (Masculine gender)
2) Stree linga (Feminine gender)
3) Napumsakaa linga (Neuter gender)
4) Samanya linga (Common gender)
3.2.1 Masculine gender - Pullinga - ¥ÀÄ°èAUÀ

A noun that denotes 8 male like man, husband, boy, uncle, etc. Some of the masculine terms are
illustrated in table 3. 7.
Table - 3.7
Masculine gender pullinga ¥ÀÄ°èAUÀ
Male Ganadasu UÀAqÀ¸ÀÄ
Boy Huduga/Taruna ºÀÄqÀÄUÀ/vÀgÀÄt
He Avanu CªÀ£ÀÄ
King Raja/Arasa gÁd/CgÀ¸À
Clever Boy Jaana eÁt
Male Servant Gandalu UÀAqÁ¼ÀÄ
Cock Hunja ºÀÄAd
He Buffalo Kona PÉÆÃt
Youth (He) Taruna vÀgÀÄt
Blind Man Kuruda PÀÄgÀÄqÀ

3.2 .2 Feminine gender – Stree linga - ¹ÛçÃ °AUÀ
A noun that denotes female like girl, lady, woman, wife, etc.
Table - 3.8
Feminine gender Streelinga ¹ÛçÃ °AUÀ
Female Hengasu ºÉAUÀ¸ÀÄ
Girl Hudugi/taruni ºÀÄqÀÄV/ vÀgÀÄtÂ
She Avalu CªÀ¼ÄÀ
Queen Arasi/raani ಅರ / gÁtÂ
Clever girl Jaane eÁuÉ

Hen Koli PÉÆÃ½
3.2.3 Neuter gender – Napumsakaa linga - £À¥ÀÄA¸ÀPÀ °AUÀ
A noun having no sex like books, pen, pencil, chair, etc. Sometimes some of the netuters like
ships, trains, cranes, cars etc., are affectionally given a feminine gender (i.e., called she).
Table - 3.9
Neutergender Napumsakaa linga £À¥ÀÄA¸ÀPÀ °AUÀ
Animal Praani ¥ÁætÂ
Color/colour Banna §tÚ
Coin Nanya £Átå
People Jana/janaru d£À/d£ÀgÀÄ
Cloth Batte §mÉÖ
Tree Mara ªÀÄgÀ
Gold Bangara/chinna §AUÁgÀ/a£Àß
Metal Loha ¯ÉÆÃºÀ
Things Vastugalu ªÀ¸ÀÄÛUÀ¼ÀÄ
Game Aata Dl
Drama Nataka £ÁlPÀ
.Book Paustaka ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ
Table Meju ªÉÄÃdÄ

3.2.4 Common gender – Samanya linga - ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå °AUÀ
A noun that do not denote definite sex and it can be either of the two sexes like adult,farmer,
soldier, spouse, baby, child, parent, teacher etc.
Table - 3.10
Common Genger Samanya linga ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå °AUÀ
Baby Shishu
Child Magu ಮ
Friend Shnehitha Ã ತ
Parent Poshaka ೕಷಕ
Exercises – 5
Write the words corresponding to pullinga (masculine genders)

(Other than what is mentioned in table 3.7.)
Masculine gender Pullinga
Exercises – 6
Write the words corresponding to Streelinga (feminine genders)

Feminine gender Streellinga

Exercises – 7
Write the words corresponding to Napumsakaa linga ( Neuter genders)

Neutergender Napumsakaa linga
Exercises – 8
Write the words corresponding to Samanya linga ( Common genders)
Common gender Samanya linga
Exercises – 9
Match the genders given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table - C
English English word Write the correct serial number of

Sl Transcription of Sl equivalent to the gender in list - B against the
no kannada word no Kannada word gender given in list – A.
List - A List - B List - C
1 Ganadasu i Female Example: xi
2 Huduga ii Girl
3 Avanu iii Clever boy
4 Arasa iv Male servant
5 Jaana v Teacher
6 Gandalu vi She
7 Shikshaka vii Queen
8 Hengasu viii He
9 Hudugi ix King
10 Avalu xi Male

Exercises – 10
Match the genders given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table – C
English
English word Write the correct serial number of the
Sl Transcription
Sl equivalent to gender in list - B against the gender given
no of kannada
no Kannada word in list – A.
word
List - A List - B List - C
1 Praani i Color Ex: xii
2 Banna ii Coin
3 Nanya iii Baby
4 Jana iv Child
5 Batte v Friend
6 Mara vi Cloth
7 Bangara vii Tree
8 Loha viii Gold
9 Banna ix Metal
10 Nanya xi People
11 Jana xi People
12 Shishu xii Animal
13 Magu xiii Color
14 Shnehitha xvi Coin
Exercises – 11
Write the Kannada gender/s involved in Kannada sentences (List – A) in the last column
(List – D).
Kannada Sentences and Meaning of the Sentences written in Write the kannada
written using English Kannada sentences in kannada langauge gender/s involved
letters kannada in kannada
sentences
List – A List – B List – C List –D
avanu elli? Where is he? CªÀ£ÀÄ J°è? Example: Pullinga
avalu yaru? Who is she? CªÀ¼ÄÀ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?
avalu radha. She is Radha. CªÀ¼ÄÀ gÁzsÀ.
edu hennu magu. This is female baby. EzÀÄ ºÉtÄÚ ªÀÄUÀÄ.
Nanna maga obba My son is a student. £À£Àß ªÀÄUÀ M§â
vidyarthi. «zÁåyð.

Avana tammandiru His brothers are CªÀ£À vÀªÀÄäA¢gÀÄ

cikkavaru. young. aPÀÌªÀgÀÄ.
ramanu kalejige Rama went to gÁªÀÄ£ÀÄ PÁ¯ÉÃfUÉ
hogiddaane. college. ºÉÆÃVzÁÝ£.É
ninna pustaka elide? Where is your book? ¤£Àß ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ J°èz?É
ii (ee) maguvina What is the name of F ªÀÄUÀÄ«£À
hesarenu? this child? ºÉ¸ÀgÉÃ£ÀÄ?
avalu nanna tangi. She is my sister. CªÀ¼ÀÄ £À£Àß vÀAV.
iivaru namma English He is our English EªÀgÄÀ £ÀªÀÄä
shikshakaru. teacher. EAVèµï ²PÀëPÀgÀÄ.
3.3 Prashnarthaka padagalu - ¥Àæ±ÁßxÀ9vÀPÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ - Interrogative words
Often interrogative or questioning words are used in communication. In English, they are what,
why, when, where, who, whom, and how. They are sometimes called wh-words, because
in English most of them start with wh. In Kannada, the words eenu (what), yaake (why),
yaavaga (when), eelli (where), yaaru (who), yaarinda (whom), heege (how) etc., are the
Prashnarthaka padagalu (Interrogative words).Some of the Prashnarthaka padagalu are given in
the table – 3.11
Tables – 3.11
Prashnarthaka padagalu- ¥Àæ±ÁßxÀ9vÀPÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Equivalent Kannada word
Kannada words written using English letters English words written in kannada
langauge
Enu What K£ÀÄ
Yavudu Which AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ
Elli Where J°è
Yake Why AiÀiÁPÉ
Estu How much JµÀÄÖ
Heege (starting pronounciation is as with heaven) How ºÉÃUÉ
Yarige To whom AiÀiÁjUÉ
Yarinda By whom AiÀiÁjAzÀ
Yavaga When AiÀiÁªÁUÀ
Adu enu/ enadhu What is it CzÀÄ J£ÀÄ /K£ÀzÀÄ

The following sentences in table – 3.12 gives some idea how the Prashnarthaka padagalannu
can be used in sentences.
Table – 3.12
Equivalent English
Kannada sentences written using Kannada vakyagalu written in
sentences
English letters kannada langauge
Idhu yenu? What is this? EzÀÄ J£ÀÄ?

Eega esthu ghante (samaya)? What time is it? FUÀ JµÀÄÖ UÀAmÉ?
Ninna hesaru yenu? What is your name? ¤£Àß ºÉ¸ÀgÉÃ£ÀÄ?
Neevu elli vaasisutheera? Where do you live? ¤ÃªÀÅ J°è ªÁ¹¹wÛÃgÀ?
Neevu hege hana (money) How do you want to ¤ÃªÀÅ ºÉÃUÉ ºÀt ¥ÁªÀw
pay? ªÀiÁqÀÄwÛÃj?
pavathi maduthiiri?
Naanu oolage barabahude Can i come in? £Á£ÀÄ M¼ÀUÉ ¨gÀ§ºÀÄzÉ?
Ninage naanu gothhe? Do you know me? ¤£ÀUÉ £Á£ÀÄ UÉÆvÉÛ?
Naanu nimage sahaya Can i help you? £Á£ÀÄ ¤ªÀÄUÉ ¸ÀºÁAiÀÄ
madabahude? ªÀiÁqÀ§ªÀÅzÉ?
Neevu inglish Do you speak english? ¤ÃªÀÅ EAVèµï ªÀiÁvÀ£ÁqÀÄwÛÃgÀ?
mathanadutthira?
Aaramane eellinda esthu How far the place is from DgÀªÀÄ£É E°èAzÀ JµÀÄÖ zÀÆgÀ
doora ide? here? EzÉ?
Adhu eshtu dhoddadhu How big is it? CzÀÄ JµÀÄÖ zÉÆqÀØzÀÄ?
Exercises – 12
Identify the Kannada Prashnarthaka padagalunu in the first column of the table – 3.13 and write
the same using English letters in the last column.
Table – 3.13
Kannada sentences written Equivalent English Kannada vakyagalu Write the Kannada
using English letters written in kannada Prashnarthaka
langauge padagalunuusing
English letters.
Avaru yaaru? Who is that? CªÀgÀÄ AiÀiÁgÀÄ? Example: yaaru.
Avaru hesaru enu? What is his name? CªÀgÀ ºÉ¸ÀgÄÀ K£ÀÄ?
Mysure elli ide? Where is Mysore? ªÉÄÊ¸ÀÆgÀÄ J°èzÉ?

Niivu yaaru? Who are you ? ¤ÃªÀÅ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?

Nimma hesaru enu? What is your name? ¤ªÀÄä ºÉ¸g
À ÉÃ£ÀÄ?
Avala hesaru Is her name CªÀ¼À ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ
Sunithanaa? Sunithanaa? ¸ÀÄ¤ÃvÁ£Á?
Avalu driver hauda? Is she a driver? CªÀ¼ÄÀ qÉæöÊªÀgÀ?
3.4 Viruddha padagalu /Virodarthaka padagalu - «gÀÄzÀÝ/«gÉÆÃzÁxÀðPÀ

¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ – Antonyms
Viruddha padagalu (Kannada word)/ Antonyms (English word) are words that have contrasting,
or opposite, meanings or opposite words. There are varieties of words in Kannada languageto
say I can or can not (can’t) such words are known as opposite words (Viruddha padagalu - «gÀÄzÀÝ
¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ).Oppositeness has an important role in structuring the vocabulary of any language.Some
of the Viruddha padagalu are given in the table – 3.14
Tables – 3.14
Viruddha padagalu - «gÀÄzÀÝ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Kannada Viruddha English version of Kannada Kannada Viruddha padagalu
padagalu written using Viruddha padagalu written using kannada langauge
English letters
Pada Viruddha pada Word Antonym ¥ÀzÀ «gÀÄzÀÝ ¥ÀzÀ
houdu Illa yes no ºËzÀÄ E®è
Sari thappu right wrong ¸Àj vÀ¥ÀÄà
sari Sari illa Okey Not okay ¸Àj ¸Àj¬Ä®è
Kappu Bilipu Black White PÀ¥ÀÄà ©¼ÀÄ¥ÀÄ
Beku Beda Want Do not want ¨ÉÃPÀÄ ¨ÉÃqÀ
Hogu Bhaa Go Come ºÉÆÃUÀÄ ¨Á
Thege/th Muchchu Open Close vÉUÉ / ªÀÄÄZÀÄÑ /
egi (bagilannu /kada (as in open the (as in close the ¨ÁV®£ÀÄß ¨ÁV®£ÀÄß ªÀÄÄZÀÄÑ
(bagilannu muchchu) door) door)
/kada vÉUÉ
thege or
thegi)
Madu Maadabeda Do Don’t do ªÀiÁqÀÄ ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃqÀ
Kulithuk Nillu Sit down Get up PÀÄ½vÀÄPÉÆÃ ¤®Äè
o
Aamele I:ga/eega Later Now DªÉÄÃ¯É FUÀ
Veghava Nidhanavagi Fast Slow ªÉÃUÀªÁV ¤zsÁ£ÀªÁV
gi
Haku Hakabeda Put Don’t put ºÁPÀÄ ºÁPÀ¨ÉÃqÀ

Dodda Sanna Big Small zÉÆqÀØ ¸ÀtÚ

Hosadu Haleyadu New Old ºÉÆ¸ÀzÀÄ ºÀ¼ÉAiÀÄzÀÄ
Exercises – 13
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column.
Tables –3.15
Sl Kannada word/vakya and Sl Kannada word and its Write the correct
no its equivalent English word no equivalent English word Kannada matching
List - A List - B opposite word under
the List - B
1 Bisi (hot) i Kadime (low) Example: x: thampu
2 Ona (dry) ii Nunupu (smooth)
3 Bega (fast) iii Hasi (wet)
4 Hechchu(high) iv Hosadu (new)
5 Mele (top) v Kirudaada (narrow)
6 Belaku (light) Avanu tappadha uttara
vi
helidhanu
Etharavillada
(Short; with reference to
7 vii Kathale (dark)
measurement)
8 Haleyadu (old) viii Ratri (night)
9 Vistaravada (wide) ix Nidaana (slow)
10 Ooratu (rough) x Thampu (cold)
11 Avanu sariyada uttara xi Kelage (below)
helidhanu.
12 Hagalu (day) xii Ethara (tall)
3.5 Asamanjasa Uchcharaneya –Inappropriate Pronounciation –

AsamanjasaGZÁÑgÀuÉ
When certain Kannada words are not properly pronounced, it may convey different meaning
than the intended. For example, if alli (there) is pronounced as halli (Lizard), then it will not
convey the meaning of alli. A list of similar pair is shown in Table – 3.16
Tables -3.16
Asamanjasa Uchcharane oolagaguva Padagalu
Words that are susceptible for inappropriate pronounciation
Sl. Kannada words written in Kannada word written English word
No English in kannada langauge
1 Akki CQÌ Rice

Hakki ºÀQÌ Bird

2 Alu D¼ÀÄ Servent
Halu ºÁ¼ÀÄ Waste,spoil
3 Enu J£ÀÄ What
Henu ºÉÃ£ÀÄ Lice
4 Emme JªÉÄä Buffalo
Hemme ºÉªÄÉ ä Pride
5 Huli ºÀÄ½ Sambar
Uli G½ Chisel
6 Uri Gj Flame
Huri ºÀÄj(ºÀUÀÎ) Rope
3.6 Sankhya Vyavasthe – Numbers system - ¸ÀASÁå ªÀåªÀ¸ÉÜ
Learning of the Kannada Numbers is very useful in day today conversation. Like in
English,
Kannada has cardinal and ordinal numbers. While cardinal numbers (moolaankagalu - -in
Kannada) like one, two, three, etc., are used for counting, ordinal numbers (stanasuchaka/
kramasuchaka - - in Kannada)like first, second, third etc., are used to represent the rank or
position of something and not the quantity. The Table – 3.17 and Table – 3.18 shows the
English cardinal numbersi.e., Kannada moolaankagalu and ordinal numbers i.e., sthana
suchaka/ karma suchaka respectively.
Tables – 3.17
Kannada Kannada moolaankagalu i.e., English cardinal numbers
Numbers in kannada
(equivalent of English) Kannada numbers
Arabic (English)numbers in written in kannada
[Kannada numbers written using
English letters] langauge
Figure Word sankeygalalli Aksharadalli
0 Zero ೦ Soonne/ shunya ¸ÉÆ£Éß/±ÀÆ£Àå
1 One ೧ Ondhu MAzÀÄ
2 Two ೨ Yeradu JgÀqÀÄ
3 Three ೩ Mooru ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
4 Four ೪ Naalku £Á®ÄÌ
5 Five ೫ Aidhu LzÀÄ
6 Six ೬ Aaru DgÀÄ
7 Seven ೭ Yelu K¼ÀÄ

8 Eight ೮ Entu JAlÄ
9 Nine ೯ Ombathu MA§vÀÄÛ
10 Ten ೧೦ Hatthu ºÀvÀÄÛ
11 Eleven ೧೧ Hannondhu ºÀ£ÆÉ ßAzÀÄ
12 Twelve ೧೨ Hanneradhu ºÀ£ßÉ gÀqÀÄ
13 Thirteen ೧೩ Hadhimooru ºÀ¢ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
14 Fourteen ೧೪ Hadinaalku ºÀ¢£Á®ÄÌ
15 Fifteen ೧೫ Hadinaidhu ºÀ¢£ÉÊzÀÄ
16 Sixteen ೧೬ Hadhinaaru ºÀ¢£ÁgÀÄ
17 Seventeen ೧೭ Hadhineelu ºÀ¢£ÉÃ¼ÀÄ
18 Eighteen ೧೮ Hadhinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
19 Nineteen ೧೯ Hatthombatthu ºÀvÉÆÛÃA§vÀÄÛ
20 Twenty ೨೦ Ippathu E¥ÀàvÀÄÛ
100 Hundred ೧೦೦ Nooru £ÀÆgÀÄ
1000 One thousand ೧೦೦೦ Saavira MAzÀÄ ¸Á«gÀ
10000 Ten thousand ೧೦೦೦೦ Hattu savira ºÀvÀÄÛ ¸Á«gÀ
100000 One lack ೧೦೦೦೦೦ Ondhu laksha MAzÀÄ ®PÀë
1000000 Ten lack ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦ Hattu laksha ºÀvÀÄÛ ®PÀë
10000000 One crore ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦೦ Ondhu koti MAzÀÄ PÉÆÃn
100000000 Ten crore ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦೦೦ Hattu koti ºÀvÀÄÛ PÉÆÃn
1000000000 Hundred crores ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦೦೦೦ Nooru koti £ÀÆgÀÄ PÉÆÃn
(one billion)
Tables – 3.18
stanasuchaka/ kramasuchakai.e., ordinal numbers
Numbers in kannada stanasuchaka/
(equivalent of English) kramasuchaka
Arabic (English)numbers in numbers written in
[Kannada numbers written using
English letters] kannada langauge
Figure Word sankegalalli Aksharadalli
1st First ೧£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ondhane MAzÀ£É
2nd Second ೨£ÉÃAiÀÄ Yeradane JgÀqÀ£É
3rd Third ೩£ÉÃAiÀÄ Moorane ªÀÄÆgÀ£É
4th Fourth ೪£ÉÃAiÀÄ Naalkane £Á®Ì£É
5th Fifth ೫£ÉÃAiÀÄ Aidhane LzÀ£É
6th Sixth ೬£ÉÃAiÀÄ Aarane DgÀ£É

7th Seventh ೭£ÉÃAiÀÄ Yelane K¼À£É

8th Eighth ೮£ÉÃAiÀÄ Entane JAl£É
9th Ninth ೯£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ombathane MA§vÀÛ£É
10th Tenth ೧೦£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hatthane ºÀvÀÛ£É
11th Eleventh ೧೧£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hannondhane ºÀ£Æ É ßAzÀ£É
12th Twelfth ೧೨£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hanneradhane ºÀ£ßÉ gÀqÀ£É
13th Thirteenth ೧೩£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadhimoorane ºÀ¢ªÀÄÆgÀ£É
14th Fourteenth ೧೪£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadinaalkane ºÀ¢£Á®Ì£É
15th Fifteenth ೧೫£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadinaidhane ºÀ¢£ÉÊzÀ£É
16th Sixteenth ೧೬£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadhinaarane ºÀ¢£ÁgÀ£É
17th Seventeenth ೧೭£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadhineelane ºÀ¢£ÉÃ¼À£É
18th Eighteenth ೧೮£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hadhinentane ºÀ¢£ÉAl£É
19th Nineteenth ೧೯£ÉÃAiÀÄ Hatthombatthane ºÀvÉÆÛÃA§vÀÛ£É
20th Twentieth ೨೦£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ippathane E¥ÀàvÀÛ£É
21st Twenty-first ೨೧£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ippathondhaneya E¥ÀàvÉÆÛÃAzÀ£ÉAiÀÄ
22nd Twenty-second ೨೨£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ippatheradaneya E¥ÀàvÉÛgÀqÀ£ÉÃAiÀÄ
23rd Twenty-third ೨೩ £ÉÃAiÀÄ Ippathamooraneya E¥ÀàvÀÆäg£ À ÃÉ AiÀÄ
24th Twenty-fourth ೨೪ £ÉÃAiÀÄ Ippathanaalkaneya E¥ÀàvÀÛ£Á®Ì£ÉÃAiÀÄ
… … … … …
೩೪ £ÉÃAiÀÄ Moovathanaalkaneya ªÀÄÆªÀvï£Á®Ì£ÉÃ
34th Thirty-fourth AiÀÄ
… … … … …
100 One hundred ೧೦೦ £ÉÃAiÀÄ Nooraneya £ÀÆgÀ£ÉÃAiÀÄ
… … … … …
1000 One thousand ೧೦೦೦ zÀ Ondhu saviradha MAzÀÄ ¸Á«gÀzÀ
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada Sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.19).
Tables –3.19
English numbers Kannada numbers
ಕನ ಡ ಅಂ ಗ
8 Eight ೮ Entu JAlÄ

18 Eighteen ೧೮ Hadhinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
11 Eleven ೧೧ Hannondhu ºÀ£Æ
É ßAzÀÄ

15 Fifteen ೧೫ Hadinaidhu ºÀ¢£ÉÊzÀÄ

5 Five ೫ Aidhu LzÀÄ
4 Four ೪ Naalku £Á®ÄÌ
14 Fourteen ೧೪ Hadinaalku ºÀ¢£Á®ÄÌ
9 Nine ೯ Ombathu MA§vÀÄÛ
19 Nineteen ೧೯ Hatthombatthu ºÀvÉÆÛÃA§vÀÄÛ
1 One ೧ Ondhu MAzÀÄ
7 Seven ೭ Yelu K¼ÀÄ
17 Seventeen ೧೭ Hadhineelu ºÀ¢£ÉÃ¼ÀÄ
6 Six ೬ Aaru DgÀÄ
16 Sixteen ೧೬ Hadhinaaru ºÀ¢£ÁgÀÄ
10 Ten ೧೦ Hatthu ºÀvÀÄÛ
13 Thirteen ೧೩ Hadhimooru ºÀ¢ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
3 Three ೩ Mooru ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
12 Twelve ೧೨ Hanneradhu ºÀ£ßÉ gÀqÀÄ
20 Twenty ೨೦ Ippathu E¥ÀàvÀÄÛ
2 Two ೨ Yeradu JgÀqÀÄ
0 Zero ೦ Soonne/ shunya ¸ÉÆ£Éß/±ÀÆ£Àå
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.20)
Tables – 3.20
ಕನ ಡಅಂ ಗ
80 Eighty 80 Embaththu JA§vÀÄÛ

50 Fifty 50 Aivattu LªÀvÀÄÛ
40 Fourty 40 Nalavattu £À®ªÀvÀÄÛ
100 Hundred 100 Nooru £ÀÆgÀÄ
145 Hundred and forty five 145 Noora nalavataidu £ÀÆgÁ
90 Ninety 90 Tombaththu £À®A§vÀ
vÉÆ ªÀvÉÛÃgÀÄÛ qÀÄ
92 Ninety two 92 Tombaththeradu vÉÆA§vÉÛÃgÀqÀÄ
1000 One thousand 1000 Ondhu Saavira ¸Á«gÀ
70 Seventy 70 Eppaththu J¥ÀàvÀÄÛ
60 Sixty 60 Aravattu CgÀªÀvÀÄÛ

30 Thirty 30 Moovattu ªÀÄÆªÀvÀÄÛ
Exercises – 14
Match theEnglish Numbers in List –A with the Kannada snakeygalu in List - B and write the correct
answer under List C selecting the serial number from List – A (Refer to Table 3.21)
Tables –3.21
Sl English Numbers Kannada snakeygalu in aksharagalalli
no
Sl no List - C
List – A List - B
1 19 Nineteen i Hadinelu ºÀ¢£ÉÃ¼ÀÄ Example: 6
2 5 Five ii Hadinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
3 7 Seven iii Hattombattu ºÀvÉÆÛA§vÀÄÛ
4 8 Eight iv eḷu K¼ÀÄ
5 9 Nine v nalku £Á®ÄÌ
6 18 Eighteen vi aidu LzÀÄ
7 80 Eighty vii aru DgÀÄ
8 17 Seventeen viii oṃbattu MA§vÀÄÛ
9 6 Six ix enṭu JAlÄ
10 4 Four xi Embaththu JA§vÀÄÛ
Exercises - 15
Match the English Numbers in List –A with the Kannada snakeygalu in List - B and write the
correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List – A (Refer to Table 3.22).
Tables –3.22
Sl English Numbers Kannada snakeygalu in aksharagalalli
no
Sl no List - C
List – A List - B
1 10 Ten i Tombaththeradu vÉÆA§vÉÛÃgÀqÀÄ Example: 2
2 11 Eleven ii Hattu ºÀvÀÄÛ
3 12 Twelve iii Tombaththu vÉÆA§vÀÄÛ
4 13 Thirteen iv Nooru £ÀÆgÀÄ
5 14 Fourteen v hadhinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
6 15 Fifteen vi Ippattu E¥ÀàvÀÄÛ

7 16 Sixteen vii hatthombatthu ºÀvÉÆÛÃA§vÀÄÛ

8 17 Seventeen viii Hadinaru ºÀ¢£ÁgÀÄ
9 18 Eighteen ix Hanneradu ºÀ£ßÉ ÃgÀqÀÄ
10 19 Ninteen x Hadimuru ºÀ¢ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
11 20 Tweny xi hadinAlku ºÀ¢£Á®ÄÌ
12 30 Thirty xii Hannondu ºÀ£ÆÉ ßAzÀÄ
13 40 Fourty xiii Nalavattu £À®ªÀvÀÄÛ
14 50 Fifty xiv Moovattu ªÀÄÆªÀvÀÄÛ
15 60 Sixty xv hadhineelu ºÀ¢£ÉÃ¼ÀÄ
16 70 Seventy xvi Aravattu CgÀªÀvÀÄÛ
17 80 Eighty xvii Eppaththu J¥ÀàvÀÄÛ
18 90 Ninety xviii Embaththu JA§vÀÄÛ
19 92 Ninety two xix hadinaidhu ºÀ¢£ÉÊzÀÄ
20 100 Hundred xx Aivattu LªÀvÀÄÛ
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.23).
Tables –3.23
ಕನ ಡಅಂ ಗ
10 Ten ೧೦ Hattu ºÀvÀÄÛ

100 Hundred ೧೦೦ Nooru £ÀÆgÀÄ
200 Two Hundred ೨೦೦ iinooru E£ÀÆßgÀÄ
300 Three Hundred ೩೦೦ munooru ªÀÄÄ£ÀÆßgÀÄ
400 Four Hundred ೪೦೦ nalkunooru £Á®Ì£ÀÆgÀÄ
500 Five Hundred ೫೦೦ aidhunooru L£ÀÆgÀÄ
600 Six Hundred ೬೦೦ arunooru DgÀÄ£ÀÆgÀÄ
700 Seven Hundred ೭೦೦ elunooru K¼À£Æ À gÀÄ
800 Eight Hundred ೮೦೦ entunooru KAlÄ£ÀÆgÀÄ
900 Nine Hundred ೯೦೦ ombainooru MA¨ÉÊ£ÀÆgÀÄ
1000 One Thousand ೧೦೦೦ Ondhu Saavir ¸Á«gÀ
10,000 Ten Thousand ೧೦೦೦೦ Hattu Savir) ºÀvÀÄÛ ¸Á«gÀ
1,00,000 One Lakh ೧೦೦೦೦೦ Ondhu Laksha ®PÀë
10,00,000 Ten Lakhs ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦ Hattu Laksha ºÀvÀÄÛ ®PÀë

1,00,00,000 One Crore ೧೦೦೦೦೦೦೦ Koti PÉÆÃn
3.6.1 Chinnhegalu - Signs - a£ÉíUÀ¼ÀÄ

1) + : Plus, Symbol of koodu (Addition): PÀÆ
2) - : Minus, Symbol of kale (Substraction):PÀ¼É
3) ÷ : Divide, Symbol of Bhagakara (Division): ¨sÁUÁPÁgÀ
4) x : Multiply, symbol of Gunakaara (Multiplication): UÀÄuÁPÁgÀ
5) ( ) / [ ] / { } : Aavarana chinnhegalu (Brackets): DªÀgÀt a£ÉíUÀ¼ÀÄ
3.7 List of Vegetables
The meaning of vegetable in Kannada is tarakari or kayipalya. The table – 3.24

shows some of the common terms used in Kannada in the context of vegetables.
Tables –3.24
Name of the vegetables Name of the vegetables in Name of the vegetables in
in English Kannada written using Kannada written in
English letters Kannada
Bay leaves karibEvina soppu PÀgÀ¨ÉÃ«£À ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Beans huraLikaayi ºÀÄgÀÄ½PÁ¬Ä
Brinjal badanekaayi §zÀ£PÉ Á¬Ä
Capsicum donne meNasinakaayi zÉÆÃuÉÚ ªÉÄt¹£ÀPÁ¬Ä
Cauliflower hoo kOsu ºÀÆ PÉÆÃ¸ÀÄ
Coriander Leaves kothambari soppu PÉÆÃvÀA§j ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Cucumber southekaayi ¸ËvÉPÁ¬Ä
Drumstick nuggekaayi £ÀÄUÉÎÃPÁ¬Ä
Garlic beLLuLLi ¨É¼ÄÀ î½î
Ginger shunTi ±ÀÄAp
Ladies finger benDekaayi ¨ÉAqÉPÁ¬Ä
Onion eeruLLi FgÀÄ½î
Potato aalu gaDDe C®ÆUÀqÉØ
Pumpkin kumbaLakaayi PÀÄA§¼ÀPÁ¬Ä
Spring Onion eeruLLi hoova FgÀÄ½î ºÀÆªÀÅ

Amaranth leaves Dantina soppu zÀAn£À ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà

dill Sabsige soppu ¸À¨ï¹ÃUÉ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Drumstick leaves Nugge soppu £ÀÄUÉÎÃ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Coleus aromatics doddapatre zÉÆqÀØ ¥ÀvÉæ
Fengugreek leaves Menthya soppu ªÉÄAvÉå ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Flaxseed/linsed Agase soppu DUÀ¸ÃÉ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Garden night shade Ganike soppu UÀtÂPÉ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Mint pudina Pudina soppu ¥ÀÄ¢£À ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
spinach Palak soppu ¥Á®PÀ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Mountain spinach Chakkotha soppu ZÀPÉÆÌÃvÀ ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Add other names
3.7.1 Bhinnamshagalu– Fractions– ©ü£ÁßA±ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Often, weights and measurements in provision stores, fruits and vegetable markets may be
fraction of kilogram and liter. In such cases, the contempory usage words are given in the
Table – 3.25.
Tables –3.25
Fractional weights and measurements
In English In Kannada
PÁ®Ä PÉf CxÀªÁ
¼ kg or liter Quarter kg or liter Kalu kg or liter °Ãlgï
CzsÀð PÉf CxÀªÁ
½ kg or liter Half kg or liter Ardha kg or liter °Ãlgï
ªÀÄÄPÁÌ®Ä PÉf CxÀªÁ
¾ kg or liter Three quarter kg or liter Mukkalu kg or liter °Ãlgï
MAzÀÄ PÉf CxÀªÁ
1 kg or liter One kg or liter Ondhu kg or liter °Ãlgï
1 ¼ kg or One and one quarters kg or MAzÀÄ PÁ®Ä PÉf
Ondu kalu kg or liter CxÀªÁ °Ãlgï
liter liter
1 ½ kg or One and one half kg or Onduvarekg or liter MAzÀÆªÀgÉ PÉf CxÀªÁ
liter liter °Ãlgï

1 ¾ kg or One and three quarters kg Ondumukkalu kg or MAzÀÄ ªÀÄÄPÁÌ®Ä PÉf
liter or liter liter CxÀªÁ °Ãlgï
JgÉqÀÄ PÉf CxÀªÁ
2 kg or liter Two kg or liter Eredu kg or liter °Ãlgï
3.8 Tindiya Hesarugalu/ Belagina upaharagala Hesarugalu - Menu (Names) of

the Food Items –wArAiÀÄ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄUÀ¼ÄÀ
Discription of some of the popular menu of Karnataka for breakfact, lunch, dinner and tea time
snacks are narrated in the following paragraphs.
Idli:It is made by steaming a batter of rice andone of the favourite dishes of south India. Idli is
served with chatney and sambar. Tatte (plate) idli, is a plate sized variant of idli from Karnataka.
Idli and vada served with Tatte Idli

separate sambar and
Uddina Vade /Vada:It is made of uddu (Urd dal) and a fried in oil. It is served either along with
idli or separately.
Dose (Dosa in Malayalam and Telugu and Dosai in Tamil): The ingrdients of Dose are akki (rice)
and uddinabele (Urd dal) and a dash of salt.Traditionally, dose is served with chutney. Varities of
dosa are sada dose, set dose etc.
Masale Dose:It is a crisp dosa with red chutney and mashed potato filling in it. It is served also
with chutney, sambar.
Benne Masale Dose: It is butter masala dose and has originated from the city of Davangere in
Karnataka. It is served with liberal helpings of butter sprinkled on it.This makes the dish enticing
in both flavor and aroma.
Neer Dose:The word neer means water in Kannada and Tulu language. Neer dosa is a very
famous dish in coastal Karnataka region and is rice dosa.
(1) (2) (3) (4)

(1) Masale Dose (Myrose side) (2) Paper Masala Dose (3)Benne Masala Dose (Crispy)
(4) Neer dose
Uppitu / Uppma:The main ingredient of uppittu is rave (semolina)
A cup of uppittu
Chitranna or Lemon Rice:Chitranna is lemon flavoured rice with or without vegetables.
A bowl of chitranna

Bisi Bele Bath:It isprepared using rice, thogari bele (toor/Tur dal) and vegetables.
Bisi Bele Bath
Mysore Pak: Mysore pak originally called as Mysore paka (Paaka means a sweet syrup) is made
of sakkare (Sugar), thuppa (Ghee) and Kadale hittu (Gram flour) with or without elakki
(Cardamom).
Mysore pak
Jamoon or Jamun: It is a milk based (hallkova) sweet. It is often garnished with dried nuts such as
almonds to enhance flavour. It is also known as gullab jamoon.
Jamoon or Jamun
Kunda: It is a delicious milk sweet dessert. Belgaum where Vivesvaraya Technological University is
located is famous for kunda.
Kunda
Karadandu (PÀgÀzÀAlÄ): It is a sweet delicacy made of edible gum mixed with dry fruits and has a
chewy texture.
Karadantu
Menasinakai bajji (mirchi

mirchi bajji, Chilli bajji): It is friedmenasinakai dipped in a batter of kadale
hittu.
Menasinakai bajji

3.9 Aahara padarthagaLa Hesarugalu - Names of the Food Items – DºÁgÀ

¥ÀzÁxÀðUÀ¼À ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄUÀ¼ÄÀ
A study of the terms tabulated in Table - 3.26 enhances the vocabulary of the Kannada language.
Tables –3.26
Aahara padarthagaLa Hesarugalu - Names of the Food Items
Meaning of the English word in

Kannada word written
English word kannada
in kannada langauge
[Kannada word written in English]
Meal Oota Hl
Snack Tindi wAr
Sanctified drink Theertha wÃxÀð
Grains Dhanya zsÁ£Àå
Cooked rise Anna C£Àß
Rise Akki CQÌ
Flattened rise Avalakki CªÀ®QÌ
Wheat Godhi UÉÆÃ¢ü
Wheatcake Chapati ZÀ¥Áw
Roti Rotti gÉÆnÖ
Flour Hittu »lÄÖ
Jowar Jola eÉÆÃ¼À
Ragi Ragi gÁV
Dhal Bele ¨ÉÃ¼É
Groundnut Kadale kayi PÀqÀ¯ÉPÁ¬Ä
Sunflower Sooryakanti ¸ÀÆAiÀÄ9PÁAw
Castor Haralu ºÀgÀ¼ÀÄ
Ghee Thuppa vÀÄ¥Àà
Fat Kobbu PÉÆ§Äâ
Butter Benne ¨ÉuÉÚ
Milk Halu ºÁ®Ä
Curd Mosaru ªÉÆ¸ÀgÀÄ
Buttermilk Majjige ªÀÄfÓUÉ
Coffee powder Kaphipudi PÁ¦ü¥ÀÄr
Sugar Sakkare ¸ÀPÀÌgÉ
Munduvaredide (continued)

Tables –3.26 (continued)

Aahara padarthagaLa Hesarugalu - Names of the Food Items
Kannada word
kannada
English word written in kannada
[Kannada word written in
langauge
English]
Meat Mamsa ªÀiÁA¸À
Egg Tatt:i/motte vÀwÛ/ªÉÆmÉÖ
Salt Uppu G¥ÀÄà
Vegetable Tarakari vÀgÀPÁj
Chilli Menasinkayi ªÉÄt¹£ÀPÁ¬Ä
Brinjal Badanekayi §zÀ£PÉ Á¬Ä
Coconut Tenginkayi vÉAUÀ£ÀPÁ¬Ä
Onion Irulli FgÀÄ½î
Potato Aalugadde D®ÆUÀqÉØ
Beans Hurulikayi ºÀÄgÀÄ½PÁ¬Ä
Pumpkin Kumbalkayi PÀÄA§¼ÀPÁ¬Ä
Fruit Hannu ºÀtÄÚ
Mango Mavu ªÀiÁªÀÅ
Grapes Drakshi zÁæQë
Lemon Nimbe ¤A¨É
Pomegranet Dalimbe zÁ½A¨É
Orange Kittale QvÀÛ¯É
Papaya Parangi ¥ÀgÀAV
Guava Sibe ¹Ã¨É
Jackfruit Halasinhannu ºÀ®¹£Àºt À ÄÚ
Exercises – 16
Match the words given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table – C
Tables –3.27
Write the number of
Sl Kannada word written in Sl the English word
English word
no. English no against the kannada
word
1 Akki i Ragi Example: xi
2 Avalakki ii Jowar
3 Mandakki puri iii Corn
4 Godhi iv Oats
5 Rave v Puffed rice

6 Raagi vi Wheat
7 Jola vii Tapioca root
8 Muskin jola viii Flour
9 Sabbakki ix Flat wheat
10 Hittu x Rice
3.10 Samaya /Kalakke Sambhandhisida padhagalu - Words Relating to

Time - ¸ÀªÀÄAiÀÄ / PÁ®PÉÌ ¸ÀA§A¢¹zÀAvÀºÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
The terms involved with samaya (time),dinada avadigalu ( different blocks of time within a 24 hour
day), vaarada dinagalu (week days),ruthumana (season) etc., are given in Table – 3.28.
Tables –3.28
Samaya /Kalakke Sambhandhisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Time
English Transcription of the kannada Kannada word English word
word
Second ¸ÉPÀAqï Second
Minute ¤«ÄµÀ Nimisha
Gante UÀAmÉ Hour
Kaala/samaya/vele PÁ®/¸ÀªÄÀ AiÀÄ/ ªÉÃ¼É Time
Beligge ¨É½UÉÎ Morning
Madhyahna ªÀÄzÁåºÀß Noon
Sanje ¸ÀAeÉ Evening
Ratri gÁwæ Night
Dina ¢£À Day
Vara ªÁgÀ Week
Tingalu wAUÀ¼ÀÄ Month
Varsha ªÀµÀð Year
Somavara ¸ÉÆÃªÀÄªÁgÀ Monday
Mangalavara ªÀÄAUÀ¼ÀªÁgÀ Tuesday
Budhavara §ÄzsÀªÁgÀ Wednesday
Guruvara UÀÄgÀÄªÁgÀ Thursday
Shukravara ±ÀÄPÀæªÁgÀ Friday
Shanivara ±À¤ªÁgÀ Satarday
Bhanuvara/ravivara ¨Á£ÀÄªÁgÀ/gÀ«ªÁgÀ Sunday
Besige ¨ÉÃ¹UÉ Summer
Malegala ªÀÄ¼ÉUÁ® Rainy season
Chaligala ZÀ½UÁ® Winter

Panchanga ¥ÀAZÁAUÀ Almanac
3.11 Dikkugalige sambhadisida padhagalu - Words Relating to Directions – ¢QÌUÉ

¸ÀA§A¢¹zÀAvÀºÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
The terms involved withDikkugalige (Directions)and its related terms are in Table – 3.29.
Tables –3.29
Dikkugalige sambhadisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Directions
word
Poorva ¥ÀÆªÀð East
Pashchima ¥À²ÑªÀÄ West
Uttara GvÀÛgÀ North
Dakshina zÀQët South
Vayuvya ªÁAiÀÄÄªÀå Northwest
Ishyanya F±Áå£Àå Northeast
Aagneya DUÉßÃAiÀÄ Southeast
Nairuthya £ÉÊIÄvÀå Southwest
Side ¥ÀPÀÌ/§¢ Pakka/ badhi
Bala §® Right
Eda JqÀ Left
Madya ªÀÄzsÉå Centre
Mele ªÉÄÃ¯É Up
Kelage PÉ¼ÀUÉ Down
Munde ªÀÄÄAzÉ Front
Hinde »AzÉ Back
Olage M¼ÀUÉ Inside
Horage ºÉÆgÀUÉ Out,outside
Sutthalu / sutthamuttha ¸ÀÄvÀÛ®Ä / Around
¸ÀÄvÁÛªÀÄÄvÁÛ
Ellakade J¯ÁèPÀqÉ Everywhere
Tiruga muraga wgÀÄUÁ ªÀÄÄgÀUÁ Upside down
Ulta / thalekelagaagi G¯ÁÖ / vÀ¯ÉPÉ¼UÀ ÁV Upside-down
Ikade / e-pakka FPÀqÉ / F¥ÀPÀÌ This side
Akade / a-pakka DPÀqÉ / D¥ÀPÀÌ That side
Tudi vÀÄ¢ Edge

Melutudi / tuttutudhi ªÉÄÃ®ÄvÀÄ¢ / Top edge

vÀÄvÀÛvÀÄ¢
Kelatudu PÉ¼ÀvÀÄ¢ Bottom edge
3.8 Manushyana Bhavanegalige sambandisida Padagalu - Words Relating to

Human’s feelings and Emotions -ªÀÄ£ÀÄµÀå£À ¨sÁªÀ£U
É À½UÉ ¸ÀA§A¢¹zÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Words relating to Bhavanegalige [feelings and emotions (Emotion: a strong feeling,such as

joy(aananda, santhosha, nalivu..), or anger (koopa, sittu, munisu..). Feelings (be aware of
through physical sensations, like touch (sparshisu, muttu..))]of human beings are given in the
Table – 3.30. The bhavanegalu gets expressed in terms of ideas that come from human emotions
and his mindset.
Tables –3.30
Manushyana Bhavanegalige sambandisida Padagalu
Words Relating to Human’s feelings and Emotions
Kannada word written in
English word kannada
kannada langauge
[Kannada word written in English]
Affection Vatsalya ªÁvÀì®å
Anger Sittu / koopa / munisu ¹lÄÖ / PÉÆÃ¥À/ ªÀÄÄ¤¸ÀÄ
Anxious Aatanka DvÀAPÀ
Courage Dhairya zsÉÊAiÀÄð
Cruel Krourya PËæAiÀÄð
Fear Hedarike ºÉzj À PÉ
Feelings Bhavanegalu ¨sÁªÀ£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ
Friendship Sneha ¸ÉßÃºÀ
Happy Santosha ¸ÀAvÉÆÃµÀ
Kindness Daye zÀAiÉÄ
Laugh Nagu £ÀUÀÄ
Love Preethi/prema/ ¦æÃw / ¥ÉæÃªÀÄ
Pain Novuu £ÉÆÃªÀÅ
Pity Karune ಕರು
Pleasure Khushi RÄ¶
Revenge Sedu ¸ÉÃqÀÄ
Sarrow Dukka zÀÄ:R
Scold Regu gÉÃUÀÄ
Weep Alu C¼ÀÄ

Wonder Aascharya D±ÀÑAiÀÄð
Exercise:
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column.

Write the correct Kannada
Sl kannada
English word Sl no matching word under the List
no [Kannada word written using
-B
English letters]
1 Laugh i Aascharya Example:xi
2 Weep ii Aatanka
3 Sarrow iii Daye
4 Pain iv Karune
5 Fear v Krourya
6 Wonder vi Dhairya
7 Anxious vii Sedu
8 Kindness viii Sneha
9 Pity ix Vatsalya
10 Cruel xi Preethi/prema/
11 Courage xi Nagu
12 Revenge xii Alu
13 Friendship xiii Dukka
14 Affection xvi Novuu
15 Love xv Hedarike
3.9 Manushyana manavana shareerada bhagagalu - Parts of the Human body

- ªÀiÁ£ÀªÀ£À ±ÀjÃgÀzÀ ¨sÁUÀUÀ¼ÄÀ
List of few parts of the human body is given in the Table – 3. 31. The same one read and
memorized for fluent conversation.
Tables –3.31
Manushyana manavana shareerada bhagagalu
Part of the Part of the body in Kannada Part of the Part of the body in Kannada
body in body in
English English
Head Taley vÀ¯É Neck Kuttige PÀÄwÛUÉ
Hair Kudalu PÀÆzÀ®Ä Back Bennu ¨É£ÀÄß
Face Mukha ªÀÄÄR Waist Sonta ¸ÉÆAl
Ear Kiwi Q« Hand Kai PÉÊ
Ears Kivigalu Q«UÀ¼ÀÄ hands Kaigalu PÉÊ UÀ¼ÄÀ
Nose Mugu ªÀÄÆUÀÄ Finger Beralu ¨ÉgÀ¼ÄÀ

fingers Beralugalu ¨ÉgÀ¼ÄÀ UÀ¼ÄÀ

Forehead Hanne ºÀuÉ Nail Ugaru GUÀÄgÀÄ
Nails ugarugalu GUÀÄgÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ
Eye Kannu PÀtÄÚ Palm Hastha ºÀ¸ÀÛ
Eyes kannugalu PÀtÄÚUÀ¼ÄÀ
Eye lid Reppe gÉ¥Éà Leg Kalu PÁ®Ä
Eye lids Reppegalu gÉ¥ÉàUÀ¼ÀÄ Legs Kalugalu PÁ®ÄUÀ¼ÄÀ
Cheek Kenne PÀ£Éß Thighs Thode vÉÆÃqÉ
Mouth Bayi ¨Á¬Ä Knee Mona kalu ªÉÆÃtPÁ®Ä
Tongue Nalige £Á°UÉ Toes Kal beralu PÁ¯ï
¨ÉgÀ¼ÄÀ
Lips Thuti vÀÄn Foot Paada ¥ÁzÀ
Tooth Hallu ºÀ®Äè Brain Midulu «ÄzÀÄ¼ÀÄ
Teeth hallugalu ºÀ®ÄèU¼
À ÀÄ
Throat Gantalu UÀAl®Ä Heart Hrudaya ºÀÈzÀAiÀÄ
Chin Gadda UÀzÀÝ Chest Vakshasthala, JzÉ
edhe
Shoulder Bhuja ¨sÀÄd Belly Hootte ºÉÆmÉÖ
Exercise: 16
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column (Refer
to Table -3.32).
Tables –3.32
English version of the
Kannada word
Sl Sl Kannada word Write the number of the English
no List - A no List - B version against the kannada word
1 Tale i Toung Example:xi

2 Hane ii Tooth
3 Mukha iii Mouth
4 Reppe iv Chin
5 Kannu v Face
6 Moogu vi Eye
7 Kivi vii Neck
8 Baayi viii Forehead
9 Hallu ix Shoulder
10 Naalige xi Nose
11 Thuti xi Head
12 Gadda xii Lip

13 Kuttige xiii Ear
14 Bhuja xvi Arm
15 Kai xv Eye Bow
3.10 Sambhandhada/ Sambhandhaakke sambhadisida padhagalu - Words

Relating to Relationship- ¸ÀA§AzÀPÉÌ ¸ÀA§A¢¹zÀAvÀºÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
The terms involved withSambhandhada/ Sambhandhaakke (Relationship)and its related terms

are in Table – 3.33.
Tables –3.33
Sambhandhada/ Sambhandhaakke sambhadisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Relationship
English Transcription of the Kannada word English word
kannada word
Kutumba/samsara PÀÄlÄA§/¸ÀA¸ÁgÀ Family
¸ÀA§AzsÀzÀ /
Yajamaan AiÀÄdªÀiÁ£À Head of family(male)
Yajamani AiÀÄdªÀiÁ¤ Head of family(female)
Ganda/pati UÀAqÀ/¥Àw Husband
Hendati/patni ºÉAqÀw/¥Àwß Wife
Maga ªÀÄUÀ Son
Magalu ªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ Daughter
Tande/appa vÀAzÉ/C¥Àà Father
Tayi/amma vÁ¬Ä/CªÀÄä Mother
Ajja/thata CdÓ/vÀCvÀ Grand father
Ajji CfÓ Grand mother
Anna CtÚ Elder brother
Tamma vÀªÀÄä Younger brother
Akka CPÀÌ Elder sister
Tangi vÀAV Younger sister
Atte CvÉÛ Mother-in-law
Maava ªÀiÁªÀ Father-in-law
Sose ¸ÉÆ¸É Sons wife
Aliya C½AiÀÄ Son in-law
Mommakkalu ªÉÆªÀÄäPÀÌ¼ÄÀ Grand childrens
Mommaga ªÉÆªÀÄäUÀ Grand son

Bramachari §æºÀäZÁj Bachelor

Sevak /aalu ¸ÉÃªÀPÀ/D¼ÀÄ Servant
Sevaki ¸ÉÃªÀQ Female servant
Snehitha ¸ÉßÃ»vÀ Friend (male)
Snehithe ¸ÉßÃ»vÉ Friend (female)
Nentaru/sambandhikaru £ÉAl/¸ÀA§A¢PÀgÀÄ Relatives
Nereyavru/akkapakkadavaru £ÉgÉAiÀÄªÀgÀÄ/ CPÀÌ¥ÀÌzÀªÀgÀÄ Neighbours
Doorada nenta/doorada zÀÆgÀzÀ £ÉAl/ zÉÆgÀzÀ Distant relative
sambhadhi ¸ÀA§A¢ü
Chikkappa aPÀÌ¥Àà Uncle(father’s younger
brother)
Doddappa zÉÆqÀØ¥àÀ Uncle(father’s elder
brother)
Chikkamma aPÀÌªÀÄä Aunti(mother’s younger
sister)
Doddamma zÉÆqÀØªÄÀ ä Aunti(mother’s elder
sister)
Bhava ¨sÁªÀ Sister’s husband
Nadini £Á¢¤ Wife’s sister
Maiduna ªÉÄÊzÀÄ£À Husband’s brother
Kiriya QjAiÀÄ Younger
Hiriya »jAiÀÄ Elder

3.10 Vasada sstalakke sambhadisidapadhagalu - Words Relating to Place of

Living - ªÁ¸ÀzÀ ¸ÀÜ¼ÀPÉÌ ¸ÀA§A¢¹zÀAvÀºÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
The terms involved withVasada ssTalakke (Place of Living)Sambhadisida Padhagaluand other
terms are in Table – 3.34.
Tables –3.34
vasada ssTalakke sambhadisida hagu eethare padhagalu
Words Relating to Place of Living and other words
English Transcription of the Kannada word English word
kannada word
Jaga eÁUÀ Place
Mane,gruha ªÀÄ£É,UÀÈºÀ House
Kotadhi PÉÆoÀr Dwelling
Roomu gÀÆªÀÄÄ Room
Aduge mane CqÀÄUÉ ªÀÄ£É Kitchen
Snanadha mane/ bachalu ¸Áß£ÀzÀ ªÀÄ£É/§ZÀÑ®Ä ªÀÄ£É/ Bathroom
mane/sowcha gruha ¸ÀéZÀÑ UÀÈºÀ / ±ËZÁ®AiÀÄ
Malaguva mane ªÀÄ®UÀÄªÀ ªÀÄ£É Bedroom
Athitigruha CwyUÀÈºÀ Guest house
Hajara ºÀeÁgÀ Drawing room
Kalimane SÁ°ªÀÄ£É Vacant house
Badige mane ¨ÁrUÉ ªÀÄ£É Rented room
Swanta mane ¸ÀéAvÀ ªÀÄ£É Own house
Dodda mane zÉÆqÀØ ªÀÄ£É Big house
Sanna mane ¸ÀtÚ ªÀÄ£É Small house
Aramane CgÀªÀÄ£É Palace
Bamgale §AUÀ¯É Bunglow
Gudisalu UÀÄr¸À®Ä Hut
Kattada PÀlÖqÀ Building
Mettilu ªÉÄnÖ®Ä Steps
Gode UÉÆÃqÉ Wall
Tarasi vÁgÀ¹ Roop
Kampound PÀA¥ËAqÀÄ Compound
Chilaka a®PÀ Latch
Kondi PÉÆAr Hook
Biga ©ÃUÀ Lock
Badavane §qÁªÀuÉ Extension
Beedi ©Ã¢ Street

Keri PÉÃj Lane

Raste gÀ¸ÛÉ Road
Ooru HgÀÄ Town
Halli ºÀ½î Village
Rajadhani gÁdzsÁ¤ Capital
Tallok vÁ®ÆèPï Tehsil,county
Jilla f¯Áè District
Vibhag «¨sÁUÀ Division
Rajya gÁdå State
Samsthana ¸ÀA¸ÁÜ£À State
Desha zÉÃ±À Country
Rastra gÁµÀÖç Nation
Pradesha ¥ÀæzÉÃ±À Area
Khanda RAqÀ Continent
Prapancha ¥Àæ¥ÀAZÀ World
Bhumi ¨sÀÆ«Ä Land
Loka ¯ÉÆÃPÀ Globe
Bhavi ¨Á« Well
Kere PÉgÉ Tank
Kole,katte PÉÆ¼À ,PÀmÉÖ Pond
Nadi £À¢ River
Tore vÉÆgÉ Stream
Sarovara ¸ÀgÆ É ÃªÀgÀ Lake
Samudra ¸ÀªÀÄÄzÀæ Sea
Sagara ¸ÁUÀgÀ Ocean
3.11 Saamanya Sambhashaneyalli /Samvahanadalli (Communication)

Bhalasuvanthaha Padagala Patti - List of Words, used in the general
communication – ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå ¸ÀAªÀºÀ£ÀzÀ°è §¼À¸ÀÄªÀAvÀºÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼À ¥ÀnÖ
The general communication words aregiven in the Table – 3.35 for better insight to the
langauge.
Tables – 3.35
Saamanya Sambhashaneyalli /Samvanadalli Bhalasuvanthaha Padagala
Words used in the general communication
word
Sumaru ¸ÀÄªÀiÁgÀÄ Approximate
Shanti ±ÁAw Peace

Jnapisu eÁÕ¦¸ÀÄ Remind
Rahashya gÀºÀ¸Àå Secret
Alu C¼ÀÄ Weep
Nagu £ÀUÀÄ Laugh
Svagatisu ¸ÁéUÀw¸ÀÄ Welcome
Kahi PÀ» Bitta
Dhoolu zÀÆ¼ÀÄ Dust
Kasa PÀ¸À Trash
Antima CAwÃªÀÄ Final
Modalaneya ªÉÆzÀ®£ÉÃAiÀÄ First
Huduga ºÀÄqÀÄUÀ Boy
Hudugi ºÀÄqÀÄV Girl
Kali PÀ° Learn
Nali £À° Enjoy
Forget ªÀÄgÉvÀÄ ©qÀÄ Maretu bidu
Excuse PÀë«Ä¸ÀÄ kshamisu
Job PÉ®¸À kelasa
Fever dégÀ jvara
Saboonu ¸Á§Æ£À Soap
Vanti ªÁAw Vamit
Asharya D±ÀÑAiÀÄð Wonder
Kartavya PÀvÀðªÀå Duty
Mannu ªÀÄtÄÚ Soil
Poorna ¥ÀÆtð Complete
Visha «µÀ Poision
Jebu eÉÃ§Ä Pocket
Kelavu PÉ®ªÀÅ Some
Salahe ¸À®ºÉ Advise
Oppiko M¦àPÉÆ Agree
Mattu Haagu ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ºÁUÀÄ And, As Well As
Hasige ºÁ¹UÉ Bed
Seruvudu ¸ÉÃgÀÄªÀÅzÀÄ Arrive
Charchemadu ZÀZÉ9ªÀiÁqÀÄ Discuss
Doni zÉÆÃtÂ Boat
Aadare DzÀgÉ But
Athava CxÀªÁ Or

Manch ªÀÄAZÀ Cot

Sahakarisu ¸ÀºÀPÀj¸ÀÄ Co-Operate
Kattarisu/Koyyu PÀvÀÛj¸ÀÄ/PÀÄAiÀÄÄå Cut
Pratidina ¥Àæw¢£À Everyday
Madu ªÀiÁqÀÄ Do
Madabeda ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃqÀ Don’t,Do It
Tinnu w£ÀÄß Eat
Sampadisu ¸ÀA¥Á¢¸ÀÄ Earn
Tudi,Anchu vÀÄ¢,CAZÀÄ Edge
Prayatnisu ¥ÀæAiÀÄwß¸ÀÄ Try
Motte ªÉÆmÉÖ Egg
Antya CAvÀå End
Tappisikollu vÀ¦à¹PÉÆ¼ÀÄî Escape
Horadu ºÉÆÃgÁqÀÄ Fight
Tumbida vÀÄA©zÀ Full
Khali SÁ° Empty
Tamashe vÀªÀiÁµÉ Fun
Hechhuvari ºÉZÄÀ ÑªÀj Extra
Tota vÉÆÃl Garden
Kodu PÉÆqÀÄ Give
Tegeduko vÉUÉzÀÄPÉÆ Take
Topi mÉÆÃ¦ Hat
Bisi ©¹ Hot
Tannage vÀtÚUÉ Cold
Idu EqÀÄ Keep
Jagfrte eÁUÀævÉ Safe
Aakasha DPÁ±À Sky
Ishta EµÀÖ Like
Muchhala ªÀÄÄZÀÑ¼À Lid
Preetisu ¦æÃw¸ÀÄ Love
Dveshisu zÉéÃ¶¸ÀÄ Hate
Saala ¸Á® Loan
Huchha ºÀÄZÀÑ Mad
Adrusta CzÀÈµÀÖ Luck
Uta HmÁ Meal
Ratri Uta gÁwæ Hl Dinner
Tindi wAr Tiffin

Haalu ºÁ®Ä Milk

Sakkare ¸ÀPÀÌgÉ Sugar
Nannadau £À£ÀßzÀÄ Mine
Gamanisu UÀªÀÄ¤¸ÀÄ Observe
Sambhavisu ¸ÀA¨sÀ«¸ÀÄ Occur
Enne JuÉÚ Oil
Haleya ºÀ¼ÉÃAiÀÄ Old
Varjisu/Bittubidu ªÀf9¸ÀÄ/©lÄÖ©qÀÄ Omit
Virodisu/Addimadu/Edurisu «gÉÆÃ¢¸ÀÄ/CrØªÀiÁqÀÄ/JzÀÄ Oppose
j¸ÀÄ
Abhipraya C©ü¥ÁæAiÀÄ Opinion
Horage ºÉÆgÀUÉ Out
Olage M¼ÀUÉ In
Bayi Matu ¨Á¬ÄªÀiÁvÀÄ Oral
Kodu PÉÆqÀÄ Give
Lekkamadu ¯ÉPÀÌªÀiÁqÀÄ Count
Kelasa PÉ®¸À Job
Bhashe ¨sÁµÉÃ Language
Tayi Bhashe vÁ¬Ä ¨sÁµÉ Mother Tounge
Ninamrate «£ÀªÀÄævÉ Polite
Paripoorna ¥Àj¥ÀÆt9 Perfect
Shikshisu ²Që¸ÀÄ Funish
Chitra avÀæ Image
Male ªÀÄ¼É Rain
Gali UÁ½ Air
Odu NqÀÄ Run
Nillu ¤®Äè Stop
Tappisikollu vÀ¦à¹PÉÆ¼ÀÄî Nillu
Kapadu PÁ¥ÁqÀÄ Help
Kaluhisu PÀ¼ÀÄ»¸ÀÄ Send
Rakshisu gÀQë¸ÀÄ
Kudidu PÀÆrqÀÄ Save
Ulisu G½¸ÀÄ
Ega FUÀ Now
Aaga,Aagale DUÀ,DUÀ¯ÉÃ Then
Hoo ºÀÆ Flower
Devaru zÉÃªÀgÀÄ God
Puje ¥ÀÆeÉ Worship
Beku ¨ÉÃPÀÄ Want

Hesaru ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ Name
Svikarisu ¹éÃPÀj¸ÀÄ Take
Helu ºÉÃ¼ÀÄ Tell
E Dina E ¢£À Today
Ninne ¤£Éß Yesterday
Monne ªÉÆ£Éß Day before yesterday
Naale £Á¼É Tomorrow
Nadiddu £ÁrzÀÄÝ Day After Tommorow
Ottu MlÄÖ Total
Tiruvu wgÀÄªÀÅ Turn
Dhavni zsÀé¤ Voice
Yudda AiÀÄÄzÀÝ War
Toyda vÉÆAiÀÄÝ Wet
Orisu Mj¸ÀÄ Clean
Todu/Uttukollu vÉÆqÀÄ.GlÄÖPÉÆ¼ÀÄî Wear
Aaspatre D¸ÀàvÉæ Hospital
Poortimadu ¥ÀÆwðªÀiÁqÀÄ Final
Surya ¸ÀÆAiÀÄð Sun
Chandra ZÀAzÀæ Moon
Ettar JvÀÛgÀ Tall
Kulla PÀÄ¼Àî Short
Vikaravad/Sundaravallad «PÁgÀªÁzÀ/¸ÀÄAzÀgÀªÀ®èzÀ Ugly
Chatri bÀwæ Umbrella
Kelage PÉ¼ÀUÉ Under
Shighra ²ÃWÀæ Urgent
Namma £ÀªÀÄä Us
Jaya dAiÀÄ Victory
Sahajavad ¸ÀºÀdªÁzÀ Usually
Ondhu Saari MAzÀÄ ¸Áj Once
Eradhu Saari JgÀqÀÄ ¸Áj Twice
Mooru Saari ªÀÄÆgÀÄ ¸Áj Thrice
Rakta gÀPÀÛ Blood
Alu C¼ÀÄ Cry
Koogu PÀÆUÀÄ Shout
Hidi »r Catch
Nade £ÀqÉ Walk

Beelu ©Ã¼ÀÄ Fall Down

Beeli Banna ©½ §tÚ White Colour
Kempu Banna PÉA¥ÀÄ §tÚ Red Colour
Neeli Banna ¤Ã° §tÚ Blue Colour
Haladi Banna ºÀ¼À¢ §tÚ Yellow Colour
Hasiru Banna ºÀ¹gÀÄ §tÚ Green Colour
Gulaabi Banna UÀÄ¯Á© §tÚ Pink Colour
Kappu Banna PÀ¥ÀÄà §tÚ Black Colour
Kandu Banna PÀAzÀÄ §tÚ Brown Colour
Boodu Banna §ÆzÀÄ §tÚ Grey Colour
Nerale Banna £ÉÃgÀ¼É §tÚ Purple Colour
Kittale Banna QvÀÛ¯É §tÚ Orange Colour
Purusharatna Banna ¥ÀÄgÀÄµÀgÀvÀß §tÚ Purusharatna Colour

Chapter - 4
Kannada Grammar in Conversations

Sambhashaneyalli Kannada Vyakarana
(¸ÀA¨sÁµÀuÉAiÀÄ°è PÀ£ÀßqÀ ªÁåPÀgÀt)
4.0 Introduction
The conversation may be the combination of relevant grammatical

words belonging to (i) noun (ii) pronoun, (iii) adjectives, (iv) verbs (v)
adverbs, (vi) prepositions, (vii) conjuctions, (viii) affirmatives and
negatives, questioning “wh” words in sentences formation. The common
grammatical terms, required for colloquial and formal converstion are
briefly explained with few examples in this chapter.
4.1 Nouns (namapadagalu) - £ÁªÀÄ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÄÀ

The name of a person or the word we use to call by their name are nouns.
All nouns (names of people, places, rivers, mountains etc.,) are same in its
pronunciation and usage in all the languages across the globe, change is only
in terms of transcription.
Example:
In Kannada : Rama, Kalam, John
In English : Rama, Kalam, John
In Hindi : Rama, Kalam, John
In French : Rama, Kalam, John
4.2 Pronouns (Sarvanamapadagalu) - ¸ÀªÀð£ÁªÀÄ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Pronoun is a word used instead of noun (to avoid the repeated use of
noun). For example instead of saying my friend speaks 3 to 4 languages,
one can use the pronoun he or she,and thensay he speaks 3 to 4 languages.

A list of Kannada pronouns which are used in day today communication are
given in the table – 4.2.1.
Table – 4.2.1
Kannada pronouns
English Meaning of the English words in Kannada word
words Kannada written in
[Kannada words written in English] Kannada
language
I Naanu £Á£ÀÄ
We Naavu £ÁªÀÅ
you Niinu ೕನು
he Avanu ಅವನು
she Avaḷu ಅವಳು
they Avaru ಅವರು
It Idu / adu ಇದು / ಅದು
me Nanna / nanage ನನ / ನನ
you Ninna / ninage ನ / ನ
him Avanige ಅವ
her Avaḷige ಅವ
us Namage ನಮ
my Nanna ನನ
your Ninna ನ
his Avana ಅವನ
her Avaḷa ಅವಳ
our Namma £ÀªÀÄä
their Avara CªÀgÀ

4.2.1 Use of Pronouns in Kannada Sentences
The sentences in Kannada supported English version (Table – 4.2.2) exemplifies the
usage of Kannada pronouns.
Table – 4.2.2
Meaning of the Kannada Write the
English Sentences Sentences written Kannada
English Sentences
Kannada and written in Kannada Pronoun/s
List - A
in English language under
List - B List –B
£Á£ÀÄ ¤ªÀÄUÉ ºÀt Example:
Naanu nimage hana
I will give you money. PÉÆqÀÄvÉÛÃ£É. Nanu and
koduttene.
nimage.
Avaru ninne avaḷannu CªÀgÀÄ ¤£Éß CªÀ¼À£ÄÀ ß
They visited her yesterday. ¨sÉÃn ªÀiÁrzÀgÀÄ.
bheti madiddaru.
Can you tell me your Nivu nanage nimma ¤ÃªÀÅ £À£UÀ É ¤ªÀÄä
name? hesaru heluvira? ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ ºÉÃ¼ÀÄ«ÃgÁ?
Avanu avarige ahara CªÀ£ÀÄ CªÀjUÉ
He gave them the food. DºÁgÀ PÉÆlÖ£ÀÄ.
kottanu.
I am your friend. Naanu nimma snehita. £Á£ÀÄ ¤ªÀÄä ¸ÉßÃ»vÀ.
¤ÃªÀÅ CvÀåAvÀ
Nivu atyanta vegavagi ªÉÃUÀªÁV
You speak very fast.
matanaduthiri. ªÀiÁvÀ£ÁqÀÄwÛÃj.
Avana baḷi mooru ಅವನ ಬ ಮೂರು
He has three dogs.
nayigaḷive. ಾ ಗ .
Navu tadavagi £ÁªÀÅ vÀqÀªÁV
We will not come late. §gÀÄªÀÅ¢®è.
baruvudilla.
This is my house. Idu nanna mane. ಇದು ನನ ಮ .
4.3 Kannada nama visheshnagalu (Kannada Adjectives

and its usage (£ÁªÀÄ «±ÉÃµÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ).
An adjective describes, modifies or gives more information about a noun or pronoun.
Example: Small, thin, pretty, expensive, big, happy, green, young, fun, crazy, three,
handsome, beautiful, good, bad, nice, rough, etc,.
Example sentences:highlighted words in the following sentences are Adjectives
The little girl had a pink hat.
She has big blue eyes.

The new car broke down.
The old lady was talking in a quiet voice.
Some of the Kannada adjective words are given in the Table – 4.3.1.
Table – 4.3.1
Meaning of the English Kannada word
English
words in kannada written in
words
[Kannada words written kannada
in English] langauge
Good Olleya M¼ÉîAiÀÄ
Bad Kettadu PÉlÖzÀÄ
Small Chikkadu aPÀÌzÀÄ
Big Doddadu zÉÆqÀØzÀÄ
Eeleya/kiriya/vayassagirada J¼ÉAiÀÄ/ QjAiÀÄ/
Young ªÀAiÀÄ¸ÁìVgÀzÀ
Old Haleyadu ºÀ¼ÉAiÀÄzÀÄ
New Hosadu ºÉÆ¸À
Happy Santhosga ¸ÀAvÉÆÃµÀ
Activity – 4.2
Write the Kannada adjective/s used in the Kannada sentences in last column of the Table –
4.3.2.
Table – 4.3.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences Write the
Sentences Kannada and written in Kannada Kannada
English Sentences
written in English language Adjective/sun
List - A
List - B der
List –B
New books are very Hosa pustakagalu bahala ºÉÆ¸À ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ §ºÀ¼À Example: Hosa
expensive. dubriri zÀÄ¨Áj. and bahala
Naavu illi £ÁªÀÅ E°è
We are happy here.
santosavagiiddeve. ¸ÀAvÉÆÃµÀªÁVzÉÝÃªÉ.
My house colour is Nanna maneya banna bili. £À£ßÀ ªÀÄ£ÉAiÀÄ §tÚ ©½.
white.
This language is very I(ee) bhase kaliyalu tumba F ¨sÁµÉ PÀ°AiÀÄ®Ä

easy to learn. sulabha. vÀÄA¨Á ¸ÀÄ®¨sÀ.

I have a green colour Nanna hattira hasiru £À£ßÀ ºÀwÛgÀ ºÀ¹gÀÄ §tÚzÀ
house. bannada mane ide. ªÀÄ£É EzÉ.
4.4 Kannada Verbs (kriya padagalu) - QæÃAiÀiÁ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

Verbs are words that show an action (sing), occurrence (develop), or state of being
(exist).Almost every sentence requires a verb.Some of the Kannada adjective words
are given in the Table – 4.4.1.
Verbs in Kannada
Table – 4.4.1
English
words
Write Bare §gÉ
Read Oodu MzÀÄ
Go Hogu ºÉÆÃUÀÄ
Come Baa ¨Á
Play Ata Dl
Take Thegeduko vÉUÉzÀÄPÉÆ
Give Kodu PÉÆqÀÄ
See Nodu £ÉÆÃqÀÄ

Activity – 4.3
Write the Kannada verb/s used in the Kannada sentences in last column of the Table – 4.4.2.
Table – 4.4.2
Meaning of the Kannada Write
English Sentences Sentences written the
EnglishSentences kannada and written in kannada kannada
List - A in English langauge verbs
List - B under
List -B
We do it. Naavu idhannu maaduvevu. £ÁªÀÅ EzÀ£ÄÀ ß
ªÀiÁqÀÄªÉªÅÀ .
I know him. Nannage avanu gotthu. £À£U
À É CªÀ£ÄÀ UÉÆvÀÄÛ.
She lost that. Avalu adhannu CªÀ¼ÀÄ CzÀ£ÀÄß
kaledhukondalu. PÀ¼ÉzÀÄPÉÆAqÀ¼ÀÄ.
I remember that. Naanage adhu gnapakha £À£U
À É CzÀÄ eÁÕ¥À£À
idhe. EzÉ.
I watched it. Naanu idannu nodidhe. £Á£ÀÄ EzÀ£ÀÄß
£ÉÆÃrzÉ.
4.5 Adverbs in Kannada (kriya visheshanagalu) –

QæÃAiÀiÁ «±ÉÃµÀtUÀ¼ÀÄ
Adverb is a word typically serving as a modifier of a verb, an adjective, another adverb,
a preposition, a phrase, a clause, or a sentence, expressing some relation of manner or quality,
place, time, degree, number, cause, opposition, affirmation, or denial. It also answers the
question when?,where?, how?, how much?, how long?, or how often? The words that act as
adverb are illustrated in the following examples.
(1) He speaks slowly.Theadverb is slowly because it describes the verb and

answers the question how does he speak?
(2) She is reading very fast. The adverb is very and describes how fast she
speaks.
(3) She is very intelligent girl. The adverb is very and adjective is
intelligent.
(4) The horse runs very quickly. The adverbs are very and quickly.
Some of the Kannada adverbs are given in the Table – 4.5.1.
adverbs in Kannada
Table – 4.5.1
Meaning of the English
English Kannada word
words in kannada
words written in kannada
[Kannada words written langauge
in English]
Very Tumba vÀÄA¨Á
Now Iga or eega FUÀ
Yesterday Ninne ¤£Éß
²ÃWÀæªÁV,
Shigravagi, lagoone, ®UÀÆ£É(¨ÉÃUÀ£É),
Quickly
thvarithavagi vÀéjvÀªÁV
Slowly nidanavagi ¤zsÁ£ÀªÁV
Together Joteyagi
§ºÀÄ¥Á®Ä,
bhahupalu, bahumattige, §ºÀÄªÀÄnÖUÉ, §ºÀ¼ÀµÀÄÖ,
Almost
bahalasttu, bahutheka §ºÀÄvÉÃR.
Always Yavagalu ಗ
Usually Samanyavagi ನ
Sometimes Yavagaladaru ಗ ದ
Shighravagi, koodale, ²ÃWÀæªÁV, PÀÆqÀ¯É,
Soon ®UÀÆ£É(¨ÉÃUÀ£É),
lagoone
Tonight I (ee)ratri ಈ
atheeraviralavagi, CwÃ«gÀ¼ÀªÁV,
Rarely aparoopavagi, C¥ÀgÀÆ¥ÀªÁV,
yeelloommomme K¯ÉÆèÃ MªÀÄäªÉÄÃ

Use of Adverbs in Kannada Sentences

In the following examples, adverbs are used to form the Kannada sentences.
Table – 4.5.2
Meaning of the Kannada Sentences Write the
English sentences in written in Kannada Kannada
EnglishSentences
Kannada and written language adverb/s
List - A
using English letters under
List - B List -B
Do you understand me
Nimage igaladaru ಮ ಈಗ ದ
now?
arthavaguttideye? ಅಥ ?
Nanage taksana sahaya ನನ ತ ಣ ಸ ಯ

I need help immediately ¨ÉÃPÀÄ.
beku.
Avaḷu bahaḷa ಅವ ಬಹಳ
She is very intelligent
buddhivante. .
PÀ£ßÀ qÀ
Can we learn kannada Navu kannada
ಯ
language together? bhāṣeyannu kaliyonave
ಕ ೕt
4.6 Conjunctions in Kannada

Conjunction is a word that connects or joins clauses, words, phrases together in a
sentence. Conjunctions are used to coordinate words in a sentence.
Example: and, or, but, although, while, after, before, why, because, are some
common conjunctions.
Conjunctions in Kannada
Table – 4.6.1
English
words
And Mattu ªÀÄvÀÄÛ
But Adare CzÀgÉ
Or Athava CxÀªÁ
Before Modalu ªÉÆzÀ®Ä

After Nanthara £ÀAvÀgÀ
Why Eke KPÉ
Because Ekendhare KPÉAzÀgÉ
Therefore Addharindha CzÀÝjAzÀ
Use of Conjunctions in Kannada Sentences

In the following examples, Conjunctions are used to form the kannada sentences.
Table – 4.6.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Write the
Sentences in kannada Sentences written kannada
English Sentences
[Kannada Sentences in kannada Prepositions
List - A
written in English] langauge under
List - B List -B
I wanted to eat an Apple Naanu sebhu thinnabekittu £Á£ÀÄ ¸ÉÃ§Ä
but I didn't get it. adare adu sigalilla. w£Àß¨ÉÃQvÀÄÛ CzÀgÉ
CzÀÄ ¹UÀ°è®è.
I like reading and Nanage odalu mattu bareyalu £À£ÀUÉ MzÀ®Ä
writing. ishta. ªÀÄvÀÄÛ §gÉAiÀÄ®Ä
EµÀÖ.
The boy was sick Aa Huduganige kaayile D ºÀÄqÀÄUÀ¤UÉ
therefore he was sent eethu aaddarinda avanannu SÁ¬Ä¯É¬ÄvÀÄÛ
home. manege kaluhisalayithu. CzÀÝjAzÀ
CªÀ£À£ÀÄß ªÀÄ£ÉUÉ
PÀ¼ÀÄ»¸À¯Á»vÀÄ.
Trip got postponed Maleyindagi pravasa ªÀÄ¼É¬ÄAzÁV
because of the rain. mundhakke hohitu. ¥ÀæªÁ¸À ªÀÄÄAzÀPÉÌ
ºÉÆÃ¬ÄvÀÄ.

4.7 Prepositions in Kannada

A preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun or a noun
equivalent to showthe relationship, reason for action, place, time connectivity
between the nouns or verbs.
Example Sentence: I eat without a knife.

Naanu chaku illade tinnuve.
ಇಲ .
Prepositions in Kannada
Table – 4.7.1
English
words
Under Keḷage ಳ
In Front Of Munde ಂ
After Amele ಆ
Above Mele
Between Madhye ಮ
Before Hinde ಂ
With Joteyalli ಯ
Near Hattira ಹ ರ
Use of Prepositions in Kannada Sentences

In the following examples, adjectives are used to form the kannada sentences.
Table – 4.7.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences Write the kannada
Sentences in kannada written in kannada Prepositions
English Sentences
[Kannada Sentences langauge under
List - A
written in English] List -B
List - B
Naanu kallejige £Á£ÀÄ PÁ¯ÉÃfUÉ
I go to college. ºÉÆÃUÀÄvÉÛÃ£É.
hoguthene.
Ball is in the Balu angala / ¨Á®Ä CAUÀ¼À /

court. maidhanadhalide. ªÉÄÊzÁ£ÀzÀ°èzÉ.

Naanu chaku illade ಇಲ
I eat without a
knife. tinnuve. .
ಅವ ಚ ನ
She lives near the Avaḷu charcina baḷi
church. vasisuttaḷe. ಬ .
ಅವ ಅವ ಂತ
He is Avanu avaḷiginta
taller than her. ettaravagiddane. ಎತ ರ .
ೕ ನ ಂ
Can you Nivu nannondige
come with me? barabahudē. ಬರಬ .
4.8 Questions constructing words in Kannada

(prashnarthakapadagalu) - ¥Àæ±ÁßxÀðPÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÄÀ
Table – 4.8.1
Questions constructing words in Kannada
Meaning of the English
English Kannada word
words in kannada
words written in
[Kannada words written kannadalangauge
in English]
how Hege ºÉÃUÉ
what enu K£ÀÄ
who Yaru AiÀiÁgÀÄ
why eke KPÉ
where Alli C°è
which yavudu AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ
when yavaga AiÀiÁªÁUÀ

Exercise:
Table – 4.8.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Write the
Sentences in kannada Sentences kannada
English Sentences
and written in English written in Preposition
List - A
List - B kannada s under
langauge List -B
What is your Nimma hesarnu? ಮ
name? ಸ ?
How much is this? Idu eṣṭu? ಇ ಎ ?
ಮ
Nanu nimage sahaya
Can I help you? ಸ ಯ
maḍabahude?
ಡಬ ?
ೕ ಎ
Where do you live?
nivu elli vaisuttira? ರ?
Does she speak CªÀ¼ÀÄ PÀ£ßÀ qÀ
Avaḷu Kannada
Kannada? ªÀiÁvÀ£ÁqÀÄªÀ¼É?
matanaḍuvaḷe?
Simple Communicative Sentences in Kannada

(sambhashaneyalli balasuva sarala vakyagalu)
Exercises for Practice:

Table – 4.8.3
Simple Communicative Sentences in Kannada
(sambhashaneyallibalasuvasaralavakyagalu)
Meaning of the
EnglishSentences
EnglishSentenceskannada
andwritten in English
Certainly, of course Khanditaa, taane
It is known (emphatic). Gottu taane
It is not known Adu/ idu Gottilla
Not that much known Astondhu gottilla
Of course, I know English. Khandita, inglis gottide

No, I don't know English. Illa, inglis gottilla

Don't you know Telugu? Telugu gottillvaa?
Of course, I know Telugu. Oo, telugu gottide taane
No, I don't know Telugu. Illa, telugu gottilla
Of course, I know French. Khandita, french gottide
No, I don't know Hindi! Illa, hindi gottilla
Of course, I know German. Khandita, jarman gottide
No, I don't know Russian. Illa, rashyan gottilla
Of course, I know Kannada. Oo, kannada gottide taane
No, I don't know much Illa, kannada astondhu
Kannada. gottilla
Enquiry Questions
(vicharaneya/ vicharisuva prashnegalu)
Exercise for Practice:

Table – 4.8.4
Enquiry Questions
(vicharaneya/ vicharisuvaprashnegalu)
Meaning of the
EnglishSentences
EnglishSentenceskannada
andwritten in English
Do you want rice? (nimage) anna beekaa?
Do you want coffee? Kaafi beekaa?
I don't want coffee. Kaafi beeda
I want milk. Haalu beeku
Is that tea enough? Tii saakaa?
Don't you have enough tea? Tii saakaglilvaa?
Don't you want coffee? Kaafi beedavaa?
Is this a book? Idu pustakavaa?
Is that a room? Adu ruumaa?

Is this a tabnalli? Idu meejaa?

Is this a door? Idubaagilaa?
Is this a pen? Idu pennaa?

Chapter - 5
Activities in Kannada
(Kannadadalli chatuvatikegalu)
Activity – 1
Vocabulary – Shabdakosha - ±À§ÝPÉÆÃ±À
Before reading the given conversations, you must read and practice this vovabulary section to
catch the meanings in the conversations.
Meaning of the English words in

Kannada word
English words kannada
written in kannada
[Kannada words written in langauge
English]
This idu EzÀÄ
That adu CzÀÄ
Who yaaru AiÀiÁgÀÄ
What enu J£ÀÄ
I Naanu £Á£ÀÄ
we Naavu £ÁªÀÅ
you Niinu ¤Ã£ÀÄ
you Niivu ¤ÃªÀÅ
He Avana CªÀ£ÀÄ
She Avala CªÀ¼ÀÄ
They Avara CªÀgÀÄ
Name Hesaru ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ
Child Magu ªÀÄUÀÄ
Who Yaaru AiÀ iÁgÀÄ
my Nanna £À£Àß
our Namma £ÀªÀÄä
your(singular) Ninna ¤£Àß
your Nimma ¤ªÀÄä
His Avana CªÀ£À
Her Avala CªÀ¼À
Their Avara CªÀgÀ
Sister Tangi vÀAV
Father Tande vÀAzÉ
What Enu J£ÀÄ

friends Snehitaru ¸ÉßÃ»vÀgÀÄ
Conversation - Sambhashane - ¸ÀA¨sÁµÉuÉ - 1
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences written in

English Sentences Sentences in kannada kannada langauge
[Kannada Sentences
written in English]
A That is small room adu chikka room CzÀÄ aPÀÌ gÀÆA
B But this is big room adhare idu dodda room ಆದ ಅದು ೂೕಡ ರೂಂ
A Hassan is a small city Hassana ondhu chikka ಾಸನ ಒಂದು ಕ ನಗರ

nagara
B Bengaluru is a very big Bengaluru tumbha dodda ಂಗಳೂರು ತುಂ ಾ ೂೕಡ ನಗರ
city nagara
A This is a Tea stall idhu Tea anghadi ಇದು ೕ ಅಂಗ

B That is our Hostel adu namma hastel ಅದು ನಮ ಾ
C This is our college road idu namma collegina ಇದು ನಮ ಾ ೕ ನ ರ
rasthe

[Kannada Sentences written
in English]
A Who is that? Yaaru adu ? ಾರು ಅದು?
B I naanu ಾನು
A I mean, naanu andhare, ಾನು ಅಂದ ,
B I am Ravi sir, Naanu Ravi, sir ಾನು ರ , ಸ .

A which Ravi Yaava Ravi ಾವ ರ
B Bangaluru’s Bangaluri na ಂಗಳೂ ನ
A Is he your father.? Avaru nimma tandenaa..? CªÀgÀÄ ¤ªÀÄä vÀAzÉ£Á?

B Yes sir, he is my father. Houdu sir, avaru namma ºËzÀÄ ¸Àgï, CªÀgÀÄ £À£Àß vÀAzÉ.
tande.

Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences written in kannada

English Sentences Sentences in kannada langauge
[Kannada Sentences written
in English]
A: Good morning sir, Namaskara sir, £ÀªÀÄ¸ÁÌgÀ ¸Àgï.
B: Good Morning namaskara £ÀªÀÄ¸ÁÌgÀ
A: I am Ravi nanu ravi, £Á£ÀÄ gÀ«
He is Raghu avanu raghu CªÀ£ÀÄ gÀWÀÄ
A She is Ramya avalu Ramya CªÀ¼ÀÄ gÀªÀÄå

He is Ganesh avanu Ganesh CªÀ£ÀÄ UÀuÉÃ±À
B When you came yaavaga bhandhree AiÀiÁªÁUÀ §A¢jÃ
A in the Morning Bhelagge ¨É½UÉÎ
B at what time esthu ganthege JµÀÄÖ UÀAmÉUÉ
A 8:00 am 8:00am JAlÄ UÀAmÉUÉ

( Eight o’clock) enthu ganthege
Relating to the above conversations, some of the activities are given below for the learning of
kannada language through equalent version of English.
Exercise:
1. Match the following words.
English word Kannada word written in English

I avanu
you avalu
he navu
she avaru
mine nanna
by me nanninda
we naanu
they ninu
ours namma
us avarige

them namma
2. Write the equalent version of English words to the following kannada words.
Hesaru
Yaaru
Nanna
Namma
Avana
Avala
Adu
Idu
Alli
Illi
Eke
Baa
Estu
Gante
3. Fill in the blanks with suitable kannada word.

Example: Idu namma mane. (House)
1. nanna…………………Ravi. (name)
2. ivaru nanna………….. (father).
3.Latha avana…………. (mother).
4.Adu nanna …………….(Bag).
5. Adu……………….. class room(His).
6. Nimma mane ……..(where) ide.
7. College illinda ….......(distance - how for) door aide.
8. nimma collegian hesaru………..(what).
4. Translate the following English sentences into kannada.

Example : I am Ravi
Naanu Ravi.
1. I am Shilpa.
……………………………………………………..
2. He is Ganesha.
……………………………………………………..
3. This is book.
……………………………………………………..
4. That is Pen.
……………………………………………………..
5. This is my College.
……………………………………………………..
6. She is my sister.
……………………………………………………..
7. He is our friend.
……………………………………………………..
8. That is railway station.
……………………………………………………..
5. Translate the following Kannada sentences into English.
Example : Avanu John.
He is John.
1. avala hesaru Seeta.

………………………………..
2. Mary avana tangi.
………………………………….
3. idu nanna pustaka.
…………………………………….
4. I oorina hesarenu?
……………………………………
5. Ivaru namma rajyadavaru?
………………………………………

Activity – 2 ( Chatuvatike – 2)
Vocabulary – Shabdakosha - ±À§ÝPÉÆÃ±À
Before reading the given conversations, you must read and practice this vovabulary section to
catch the meanings in the conversations.
Meaning of the English words in

English words Kannada word written in
kannada
kannada langauge
[Kannada words written in English]
Very small Tumba ckikkadu vÀÄA¨Á aPÀÌzÀÄ
Less Kadime PÀrªÉÄ
Small Chikka aPÀÌ
More Tumba vÀÄA¨Á
This Idu EzÀÄ
That Adu CzÀÄ
Friends Sneehitaru ¸ÉßÃ»vÀgÀÄ
Story Kate PÀvÉ
Lesson Pataa ¥ÁoÀ
House Mane ªÀÄ£É
Book Pustak ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ
Drama Naataka £ÁlPÀ
Brother Anna CtÚ
Sister Tangi vÀAV
Who Yaaru AiÀiÁgÀÄ
Which Yaavuudu AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ
Good Olle M¼Éî
Bad Ketta PÉlÖ
New Hosa ºÉÆ¸Á
Old Hale ºÀ¼ÉÃ
Big Dodda zÉÆqÀØ
Bunglow Bangale §AUÀ¯É
Hut Gudisalu UÀÄr¸À®Ä
Conversation - Sambhashane - ¸ÀA¨sÁµÉuÉ - I

[Kannada Sentences written in
English]
A Good morning sir, Namaskara sir, £ÀªÀiÁ¸ÀÌgÀ ¸Àgï
good morning, Namaskara, £ÀªÀiÁ¸ÀÌgÀ
B Please come, Dayamadi banni, zÀAiÀÄªÀiÁr §¤ß
be seated Kulithukolli PÀÄ½vÀÄPÉÆ½î
He is Dhruva, evanu Dhruva, EªÀ£ÄÀ zÀÄæªÀ,

A
My son nanna maga. £À£ßÀ ªÀÄUÀ.
B From where you come Ellindha bhandhidhu J°èAzÀ §A¢zÀÄÝ
A From Hassan Hassana dhindha ºÁ¸À£À¢AzÀ
B How you came eghe bhandhree ºÉÃUÉ §A¢æÃ
By train Train nali

mÉæöÊ£ï£À°è
Nimma maga enannu
A ¤ªÀÄä ªÀÄUÀ J£À£ÀÄß ªÀiÁqÀÄwÛzÁÝ£É.
What is he (your son) doing madhuthidhane
Avanu hattane taragatiyalli CªÀ£ÀÄ ºÀvÀÛ£É vÀgÀUÀwAiÀÄ°è
th
B He is studying in 10 standard.
odhuthidhane MzÀÄwÛzÁÝ£.É
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences

English Sentences
Sentences in kannada [Kannada written in kannada
Sentences written in English] langauge
Ravi, what is that..? Ravi, adu enu? gÀ«, CzÀÄ J£ÀÄ?
A:
That is text book. adu pattya pustaka. CzÀÄ ¥ÀoÀå ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ.
B:
is this your book..? idu ninna pustakaanaa..? EzÀÄ ¤£Àß ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ£Á.
A:
No, this is not my book. illa, idu nanna pustakaa alla. E®è, EzÀÄ £À£ßÀ ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ C¯Áè,
B:

May be John’s book. John na pusthaka irabahudu. eÁ£ï£À ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ EgÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ.
what is its name? idara hesaru eenuu? EzÀgÀ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ J£ÀÄ?

A:
This is kannada book, idu kannada pusthaka,
EzÀÄ PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ,
B: it is a small story book. idu sanna kathegala pusthaka.
EzÀÄ ¸ÀtÚ PÀxÉUÀ¼À ¥ÀÄ¸ÀÛPÀ.

[Kannada Sentences written in
English]
A How are you Ravi? Ravi neenu hegiddhiya. gÀ« ¤Ã£ÀÄ ºÉÃV¢ÝÃAiÀiÁ.
B I am fine. Naanu chennagiddhene. £Á£ÀÄ ZÉ£ÁßVzÉÝÃ£É.
Illy nimma swantha mane
A Do you have own house here? E°è ¤ªÀÄä ¸ÀéAvÀ ªÀÄ£É EzÉAiÀiÁ.
idheya ?
B Yes, there. Houdhu, idhe. ºËzÀÄ. EzÉ.
A: Ravi, which is your house? Ravi, nimma mane yavudu.? gÀ« ¤ªÀÄä ªÀÄ£É AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ.
B: That is my house Adu namma mane CzÀÄ £ÀªÄÀ ä ªÀÄ£É
A: Which one? That big house? Yaavudu.? Aa dodda maneenaa ? AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ D zÉÆqÀØ ªÀÄ£É£Á.
B: No, small house Alla, chikka mane C®è, C aPÀÌ ªÀÄ£É.
A: Which is Rama’s house.? Ramana mane yavudu..? gÁªÀÄ£À ªÀÄ£É AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ?

B: That is his house. Adu avana mane CzÀÄ CªÀ£À ªÀÄ£É.
A That is a very big house Adu tumba dodda mane CzÀÄ vÀÄA¨Á zÉÆqÀØ ªÀÄ£É.
B Yes sir. Houdu sir. ºËzÀÄ ¸Àgï.

Relating to the above conversations, some of the activities are given below for the learning of
kannada language through equalent version of English.
Exercises :
1. Write a small English realistic sentences by using English transcription of kannada

words.
Example:
a) Nanna hesaru Naidhruva.
Ans: My name is Naidhruva.
1) Namma collegina hesaru.

………………………………………………………………..
2) Idu ondhu chikka pustaka.
………………………………………………………………….
3) idu nanna snehithana pen.
……………………………………………………………………
…
4) Avaru nanna Anna.
……………………………………………………………………
5) Adu haleya mane.
………………………………………………………………….
6) Idu hosa mane.
…………………………………………………………………..
7) Holage banni.
…………………………………………………………………..
8) Horage banni.
……………………………………………………………………
9. Nimma oota ayitha.
……………………………………………………………………
10. Nimma hesaru enu.
……………………………………………………………………
2. Write the kannada sentences by using the given words as per the example.
Exercises: Adu………………..
Adu = Adu namma college
1. Nanna
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........
2. Nimma
……………………………………………………..
3. Avana
…………………………………………………………
4. Avala
………………………………………………………….
5. Adu
………………………………………………………….
6. Idu
………………………………………………………….
7. Avaru
…………………………………………………………
8. Ivaru
…………………………………………………………
9. Estu
…………………………………………………………
10. Hege
…………………………………………………………
11. Enu
…………………………………………………………
12. Yaru
…………………………………………………………
13. Eke
…………………………………………………………
3. Fill in the blanks by using the correct form of kannada word given in the bracket.
( in the bracket the nearest meaning of the word is given)
Example : 1) idu…………..pusthaka. (my)
Answer: idu avana pusthaka.
2) avana room …………….. ide.( Jayanagara)
Answer : avana room Jayanagara dalli ide.
1. Aa bike …………….. /(mine)

2. i record ……………….. / (Ramesh)

3. avanu nanna ………………. /(Friend)

4. idu…………. College./ (their)
5. Nimage huttu habbadha…………………………/ ( wishes)
6. Ninna………….. /(name)
7. Idu ………….. ……./ (country)
8. Idu …………………./ (village)
9. Ivanu nanna olleya…………………(friend).
10. Navu ottige oorige …………….(going).
4. Change the following kannada words as per the example.

Example : Dodda ( big) : Doddadu
1. sanna (small) ____________
2. udda (lengthy) ____________
3. agala (width) ____________
4. neera (straight) ____________
5. eda (left) ____________
6. bala (right) ____________
7. hasiru (green) ____________
8. kempu (red) ____________
9. niili (blue) _____________
10. bili (white) _____________

¥ÀgÁªÀÄ±Àð£À UÀæAxÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
1. ¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¤WÀAlÄ (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ), PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¸Á»vÀå ¥ÀjµÀvï, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÆÀ gÀÄ.
2. ªÉÄÊ¸ÀÆgÀÄ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄzÀ EAVèµï – PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¤WÀAlÄ (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ)
¸ÀA¥ÀÄl – (J ¬ÄAzÀ gÀhÄqï ªÀgÉUÉ).
3. PÀbÉÃj PÉÊ¦r – qÁ. ºÁ.ªÀiÁ. £ÁAiÀÄPÀ, PÀ£ÀßqÀ CzsÀåAiÀÄ£À ¸ÀA¸ÉÜ,
ªÉÄÊ¸ÀÆgÀÄ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, 1974.
4. DqÀ½vÀ ¥ÀzÀPÉÆÃ±À, PÀ£ÀßqÀ C©üªÀÈ¢Ý ¥Áæ¢üPÁgÀ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
5. PÁ£ÀÆ£ÀÄ ¥ÀzÀPÉÆÃ±À (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ) PÀ£ÀßqÀ – EAVèµï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀA¸ÀÌøw
¤zÉÃð±À£Á®AiÀÄ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
6. r. J£ï. ±ÀAPÀgÀ ¨sÀmï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ §gÀºÀªÀ£ÄÀ ß ¸Àj¥Àr¸ÉÆÃt?, 2005, ¨sÁµÁ
¥ÀæPÁ±À£À, ªÉÄÊ¸ÀÆgÀÄ.
7. r.J£ï. ±ÀAPÀgÀ ¨sÀmï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ ªÁPÀåUÀ¼À M¼ÀgÀZÀ£É, 2006, ¨sÁµÁ ¥ÀæPÁ±À£À,
ªÉÄÊ¸ÀÆgÀÄ
8. N.J¯ï. £ÁUÀ¨sÀÆµÀt ¸Áé«Ä, C£ÀÄªÁzÀ, ¥Àæ¸ÁgÁAUÀ, PÀ£ßÀ qÀ
«±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ºÀA¦, 1993.
9. DqÀ½vÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ, PÀ£ÀßqÀ C©üªÀÈ¢Þ ¥Áæ¢üPÁgÀ «zsÁ£À¸ËzsÀ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
560001. ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÀ£ÀßqÀ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ºÀA¦.
10. PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¨sÁµÁ PÉÊ¦r, ¸ÀAUÀªÉÄÃ±ï ¸ÀªÀzÀwÛ ªÀÄoÀ, 1995, gÀÆ¥ÀgÀ²ä ¥ÀæPÁ±À£À
UÀÄ®§UÁð.

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(Common to B.Arch, B.E/B.Tech of all branches)

Course Learning Objectives:

Chapter - 1: Vyavaharika kannada – Parichaya (Introduction to Vyavaharika

¤gÀAvÀgÀ DAvÀjPÀ ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£À (Continuous Internal Evaluation):

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

«±ÉéÃ±ÀégÀAiÀÄåvÁAwæPÀ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«

Name of the College: .............................................. ..............................................

Name of the Department : .......................................... ...................................

Signature with seal

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

1.1 Tips to learn the language with easy methods.

1.2 Hints for correct and polite conservation

3) Use plural from to address others.

1.3 About Kannada Language (Kannada Bhashe)

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

PÀ£ÀßqÀ CPÀëgÀªÀiÁ¯É ºÁUÀÆ GZÁÑgÀuÉ

2.0 Kannada Aksharamale (PÀ£ÀßqÀ CPÀëgÀªÀiÁ¯É)

The number of varna/swara (Vowels) is 14 in Kannada. However, one of the vowels ೠ is

Vyanjana (Consonants) is made of structured consonants and unstructured consonants. The

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

The sound of a consonant is produced by a partial or complete obstruction of the airstream by a

The number of unstructured consonants is 10 and is shown in Table 2.3.

Shaa - ष - µÀ Sa – स - ¸À Ha - ह - ºÀ La – NHl - ¼À Ksha – - PÀë

The number of Yogavahaka (semiconsonants or part vowel, part consonants) is 02 and is

2.1 Kannada stress letters - vattakshara (also often written as

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

2.2 Kannada khaghunitha (Pronounced as kâ-guṇithâ )

Kannada khaghunitha of First Consonant of Kannada ‘Ka’

2.3 Pronunciation (Uchcharane), Memorisation and usage of the

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

(C) Svaragala (Vowels) Uchcharane

of the English word. Prounciation of English word is as per

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

(D) Vyanjanagala (Structured Consonants) Uchcharane

Sound of the Kannada consonants is as at the start or any where of the

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

(E) Unstructured ConsonantsUchcharane

Sound of the Kannada consonantsis as at the start or any

Sl where of the English word. Prounciation of English word is

No as per English – Kannada dictionary, Published by Mysore

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

11 dÕ --- --- dÕ as in Sarvagna

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

Sambhashanegaagi Kannada Padagalu

3.1 Ekaavachanamattu Bhahuvachana - JPÀªÀZÀ£À mattu §ºÀÄªÀZÀ£À - Singular

Than Me Nanaginta £À£ÀVAvÀ

3 Avanu iii With Me

Conversation in Meaning of the English Conversation in Write

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

Write the English Transcription of the Kannada Singular/Plural words

Who are you? Nivu yaru? ¤ÃªÀÅ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?

PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy

My name is Rama. I Nanna hesaru rama. £À£Àß ºÉ¸g

3.2 Linga - °AUÀ - Gender