American Water Works Association

ANSI/AWWA B201-98
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA B201-92)

AWWA STANDARD
FOR
SODA ASH

Effective date: Aug. 1, 1998.

First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors July 1, 1949.
This edition approved Jan. 25, 1998.
Approved by American National Standards Institute May 28, 1998.

AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 AWWA Standard
This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification.
AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and
administrative information normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually
contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is
specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard
does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or
approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. AWWA standards are
intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry that the product described will
provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of
action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The
action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA
publication of the official notice.

American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope
and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the
consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any
respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufactur-
ing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the
standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to
obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National
Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional
materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American
National Standards.

CAUTION NOTICE: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front
cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National
Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken
to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication.
Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by
calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036;
(212) 642-4900.

Copyright © 1998 by American Water Works Association

Printed in USA

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Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 Committee Personnel
The AWWA Standards Committee on Softening and Conditioning Chemicals,
which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time
of approval:

David A. Visintainer, Chair

Consumer Members

P.M. Callahan,* Council Liaison, Onondaga County Water Authority,

Syracuse, N.Y. (AWWA)
C.R. Dugan, Board of Water & Light, Lansing, Mich. (AWWA)
A.A. Khan, Pepsico, Arlington, Texas (AWWA)
G.C. Rosati, City of Mankato Public Utilities, Mankato, Minn. (AWWA)
A.T. Segars, Miami–Dade Water & Sewer Department, Hialeah, Fla. (AWWA)
J.C. Thurrott, City of Daytona Beach, Daytona Beach, Fla. (AWWA)
D.A. Visintainer, City of St. Louis Water Division, St. Louis, Mo. (AWWA)

General Interest Members

B.R. Elms,* Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)

A.R. Finney Jr., Clearwater, Fla. (AWWA)
H.E. Korab, Silver Spring, Md. (SSDT)
W.H. Plautz, Consoer Townsend Envirodyne Engineers Inc., Glenview, Ill. (AWWA)
M.T. Redman, National Soft Drink Association, Washington, D.C. (AWWA)
C.L. Truss Jr., Operator Training Committee of Ohio Inc., Springfield, Ohio (AWWA)
C.S. Wilder, Camp Dresser & McKee Inc., Atlanta, Ga. (AWWA)

Producer Members

H.L. Francis, National Lime Association, Arlington, Va. (NLA)

J.A. Gall, Dow Chemical USA, Midland, Mich. (AWWA)
W.B. Huebner, Wallace & Tiernan Inc., Belleville, N.J. (AWWA)
S.J. Schneider, Rhone-Poulenc Basic Chemical Company, Shelton, Conn. (AWWA)
J.M. Shepard, General Chemical Corporation, Claymont, Del. (AWWA)

* Liaison, nonvoting

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 Contents

All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be
found in a particular standard.

SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE

Foreword 2 References .......................................... 1

I Introduction........................................ vii 3 Definitions .......................................... 1
I.A Background......................................... vii
I.B History ................................................ vii 4 Requirements
I.C Acceptance .......................................... vii 4.1 Physical Requirements......................... 2
II Special Issues .................................... viii 4.2 Chemical Composition.......................... 2
III Use of This Standard........................... ix 4.3 Impurities.............................................. 2
III.A Purchaser Options and
5 Verification
Alternatives....................................... ix
5.1 Sampling ............................................... 2
III.B Modification to Standard..................... ix
5.2 Apparent Density ................................. 3
IV Major Revisions.................................... ix
5.3 Insoluble Matter ................................... 3
V Comments............................................. ix
5.4 Total Available Alkali .......................... 4
5.5 Rejection................................................ 4
Standard
1 General 6 Delivery
1.1 Scope ...................................................... 1 6.1 Marking................................................. 5
1.2 Purpose .................................................. 1 6.2 Packaging and Shipping ...................... 5
1.3 Application............................................. 1 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance........................ 5

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

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 Foreword
This foreword is for information only and is not a part of AWWA B201.

I. Introduction.
I.A. Background. Soda ash is the common name for the technical grades of
anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na 2CO3). Light and dense soda ash differ in physical
characteristics only, such as density (weight of unit volume), angle of repose, and size
and shape of particles. Light soda ash is a powder; dense soda ash is granular.
Soda ash is an anhydrous material having a sodium carbonate content of more
than 99 percent and a sodium oxide (Na2O) equivalent of more than 57.9 percent.
Sodium carbonate, although readily soluble in water, has the unusual characteristic
of attaining maximum solubility at 95.7°F (35.4°C). At this temperature, 100 parts of
water dissolve 49.7 parts of sodium carbonate. The solubility of sodium carbonate
decreases at temperatures above and below 95.7°F (35.4°C).
I.B. History. The first edition of this standard for soda ash was prepared
under the direction of the AWWA Water Purification Division. The standard was
approved by the Executive Committee of the Water Purification Division and by the
Water Works Practice Committee and received approval of the AWWA Board of
Directors on July 1, 1949. Additional reviews resulted in an edited copy that was
reaffirmed and approved as “Tentative” by the AWWA Board of Directors on Oct. 15,
1951. The initial document was made standard on May 15, 1953. This standard was
revised by the AWWA Standards Committee on Softening and Conditioning
Chemicals. Subsequent editions of AWWA B201 were approved on Jan. 26, 1959; Jan.
28, 1974; Jan. 28, 1980; June 14, 1987; and Jan. 26, 1992. This edition was approved
by the AWWA Board of Directors on Jan. 25, 1998.
I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF
International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a
certification program for all direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other
members of the original consortium included the American Water Works Association
Research Foundation (AWWARF) and the Conference of State Health and Environ-
mental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and
the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact
with, drinking water rests with individual states.* Local agencies may choose to
impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate
the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state
and local agencies may use various references, including two standards developed
under the direction of NSF, ANSI†NSF‡ 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—
Health Effects, and ANSI/NSF 61, Drinking Water System Components—Health
Effects.

*Persons in Canada, Mexico, and non-North American countries should contact the
appropriate authority having jurisdiction.
†American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036.
‡NSF International, 3475 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

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Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in
accordance with ANSI/NSF 60 (61). Individual states or local agencies have authority
to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accredita-
tion of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Appendix A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to ANSI/NSF 60
(61) does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for
substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The
MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity
testing guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcino-
gens). Use of Appendix A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the
certifier.
AWWA B201-98 addresses additives requirements in Sec. 4.3 of the standard.
The transfer of contaminants from chemicals to processed water or the residual solids
is becoming a problem of greater concern. The language in Sec. 4.3.2 is a
recommendation only for direct additives used in the treatment of potable water to be
certified by an accredited certification organization in accordance with ANSI/NSF
Standard 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—Health Effects. However, users
of the standard may opt to make this certification a requirement for the product.
Users of this standard should also consult the appropriate state or local agency
having jurisdiction in order to
1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifications by all parties offering to certify
products for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certification.
II. Special Issues. Soda ash is usually shipped in bulk or in 100-lb (45-kg)
multiwall paper bags, although it is also available in drums and barrels. The
material can be readily handled mechanically by screw or belt conveyors, bucket
elevators, or pneumatic systems. Soda ash should be stored in a dry, cool place with
minimal exposure to moisture and air. With prolonged storage, soda ash has a
tendency to lump and becomes difficult to handle and dissolve.
Soda ash is normally fed into water being treated by means of volumetric or
gravimetric mechanical feeders equipped with dissolving chambers. Less frequently,
solution feeding is used. The solution is prepared in tanks and fed by metering
pumps.
Soda ash can also be stored in a tank as a slurry with a concentrated 30-percent
solution being withdrawn from the upper portion of the tank for application to the
treatment process. This method requires much less storage space, because the dry
soda ash has a bulk density of 35 lb/ft3 (560 kg/m3). Monohydrate slurries have bulk
densities ranging from 83 lb/ft3 to 117 lb/ft3 (1,328 kg/m3 to 1,872 kg/m3). Dry soda
ash bulk densities range from 33 lb/ft3 to 68 lb/ft3 (560 kg/m3 to 1,088 kg/m3).
Soda ash is a relatively harmless chemical and, under normal conditions, has no
marked effects on skin, the respiratory system, or clothing. It is neither explosive nor
inflammable, and it is not classified as a dangerous substance.
Soda ash may produce a temporary irritation of the respiratory system, but the
symptoms will disappear once contact with soda ash is discontinued. Persons
handling soda ash should be equipped with goggles and dust respirators when
dustiness is prevalent. Eye irritation should be treated by flushing the affected eye
with tap water for 15 min or longer. Any condition of prolonged irritation should be
referred to a physician for treatment.

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Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 Individuals who are particularly sensitive to alkaline materials or who have a
preexisting skin disease may develop dermatitis when working with soda ash. It is
advisable to use a protective agent, such as an ointment or cream, to prevent this
condition. Normal skin irritations can be relieved by bathing the affected parts in a
5-percent boric acid solution.
Every effort should be made to avoid the simultaneous presence of soda ash and
lime dust. The combination of these chemicals in the presence of moisture or
perspiration will cause the formation of irritating caustic soda. Where both soda ash
and lime are used, workers exposed to one chemical should carefully wash it away
and remove its dust from clothing before working in the presence of the other
chemical.
Workers entering storage bins or silos containing soda ash should always wear
approved safety belts and connecting ropes to facilitate rescue in the event the soda
ash shifts or slides. In addition, workers should be in constant communication with
someone stationed outside the storage facility.
III. Use of This Standard. AWWA has no responsibility for the suitability
and compatibility of the provisions of this standard to any intended application by
any user. Accordingly, each user of this standard is responsible for determining that
the standard’s provisions are suitable for and compatible with that user’s intended
application.
III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be
covered in the purchaser’s specifications:
1. Standard used—that is, ANSI/AWWA B201, Standard for Soda Ash, of
latest revision.
2. Density required (Sec. 4.1.1).
3. Quantity required.
4. Form of shipment—bulk or package, type, and size (Sec. 6.2.1).
5. Basis of payment for cost of referee analysis (Sec. 5.5.1). NOTE: Previous
editions of this standard provided that this cost should be borne by the supplier if the
material is found not to meet the requirements of this standard and by the purchaser
if the material is found to comply with the standard’s requirements.
6. Affidavit of compliance, if required (Sec. 6.3).
III.B. Modification to Standard. Any modification to the provisions, defini-
tions, or terminology in this standard must be provided in the purchaser’s
specifications.
IV. Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this revision
include the following:
1. The format has been changed to AWWA standard style.
2. The acceptance statement (Sec. I.C) has been revised to approved wording.
Section III.A, Purchaser’s Options and Alternatives, and Sec. 5.5.1 have been
revised to require the purchaser to specify the basis of payment for the referee
analysis if one is required.
V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,
please call the AWWA Standards and Materials Development Department,
(303) 794-7711 ext. 6283, FAX (303) 795-1440, or write to the department at 6666 W.
Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235.

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 American Water Works Association

ANSI/AWWA B201-98
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA B201-92)

AWWA STANDARD FOR

SODA ASH

SECTION 1: GENERAL
Sec. 1.1 Scope
This standard covers soda ash for use in the treatment of municipal and
industrial water supplies.

Sec. 1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this standard is to provide purchasers, manufacturers, and
suppliers with the minimum requirements for soda ash, including physical, chemical,
packaging, shipping, and testing requirements.

Sec. 1.3 Application

This standard can be referenced in specifications for purchasing and receiving
soda ash and can be used as a guide for testing the physical and chemical properties
of soda ash samples. The stipulations of this standard apply when this document has
been referenced and then only to soda ash used in water supply service.

SECTION 2: REFERENCES
This standard has no applicable information for this section.

SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply in this standard:
1. Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces
materials or products.
2. Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

2 AWWA B201-98

3. Soda ash: Soda ash is a commercial designation of anhydrous normal

sodium carbonate.
4. Supplier: The party that supplies material or services. A supplier may or
may not be the manufacturer.

SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 4.1 Physical Requirements
The soda ash furnished shall be a dry, white powder containing no large lumps
or crystals. It shall be free-flowing and suitable for storage in closed, hoppered bins
and for feeding with a standard dry feeder.
4.1.1 Density. The apparent density of light soda ash shall range from 0.5 g/mL
to 0.9 g/mL or from 31.2 lb/ft3 to 56.2 lb/ft3 (500 kg/m 3 to 900 kg/m 3). The apparent
density of dense soda ash shall range from 0.9 g/mL to 1.1 g/mL or from 56.2 lb/ft 3 to
68.7 lb/ft3 (900 kg/m3 to 1,100 kg/m3).

Sec. 4.2 Chemical Composition

4.2.1 Quantity of sodium carbonate. The material, as delivered, shall contain
not less than 99 percent, by weight, of sodium carbonate (Na 2CO3), or a sodium oxide
(Na2O) equivalent of not less than 57.9 percent.
4.2.2 Insoluble matter. The insoluble matter shall not exceed 0.05 percent.

Sec. 4.3 Impurities

4.3.1 General. Soda ash supplied in accordance with this standard shall
contain no soluble material or organic substances in quantities capable of producing
deleterious or injurious effects on the health of those consuming a water that has
been treated properly with the soda ash.
4.3.2 Product certifications. Soda ash is a direct additive used in the treatment
of potable water. This material should be certified as suitable for contact with or
treatment of drinking water by an accredited certification organization in accordance
with ANSI*/NSF† Standard 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—Health
Effects. Evaluation shall be accomplished in accordance with requirements that are
no less restrictive than those listed in ANSI/NSF Standard 60. Certification shall be
accomplished by a certification organization accredited by the American National
Standards Institute.

SECTION 5: VERIFICATION
Sec. 5.1 Sampling
5.1.1 Sampling point. Samples shall be taken at the point of destination.

*American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036.

†NSF International, 3475 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 SODA ASH 3

5.1.2 Sampling precaution. To avoid exposed surface areas that might have
absorbed moisture and carbon dioxide, samples shall be taken from at least 12 in.
(300 mm) below the surface in bulk shipments and from the center portion of bagged
materials.
5.1.3 Sampling procedures.
5.1.3.1 If the soda ash is handled by conveyor or elevator, a mechanical
sampling arrangement may be used.
5.1.3.2 Soda ash may be sampled from carload shipments in bulk or from
packages by the use of a sampling tube at least 3⁄4 in. (20 mm) in diameter.
5.1.3.3 With packaged material, 5 percent of the packages shall be sampled.
No sample shall be taken from a broken package.
5.1.3.4 The gross sample, weighing at least 10 lb (5 kg), shall be mixed thoroughly
and divided to provide three 1-lb (0.5-kg) samples. Each sample shall be sealed in an
airtight, moisture-proof glass container labeled for identification with the label dated
and signed by the sampler.
5.1.3.5 Two samples shall be retained by the purchaser for not less than 30
days after the date of receipt of the shipment, for use by the supplier and the referee
laboratory if needed.
5.1.4 Preparation of sample. The sample shall be collected in accordance with
Sec. 5.1. The sample shall be quartered to approximately 100 g. After thorough
mixing, the sample shall be stored in an airtight container. Weighing of any portion
of the sample shall be done as rapidly as possible to avoid changes in moisture
content.
Sec. 5.2 Apparent Density
5.2.1 Procedure.
5.2.1.1 Pour, without packing, 30 g of the sample into a 100-mL graduated
cylinder and read the volume of the sample.
5.2.1.2 Calculation:

30 - = apparent density, grams per millilitre

------------------------------------ (Eq 1)
mL of sample

NOTE: Apparent density can also be determined by carefully filling (without

packing) and weighing a box or measure with a volume of exactly 1 ft3. The weight of
the filled measure, in pounds, minus the weight of the measure equals the apparent
density of the material, in pounds per cubic foot.

Sec. 5.3 Insoluble Matter

5.3.1 Procedure.
5.3.1.1 Add 10 g of the sample to approximately 200 mL of deionized distilled
water in a 400-mL beaker; bring to a boil and continue boiling for 10 min.
5.3.1.2 Filter through a weighed Gooch crucible, fitted with either a glass-wool
or glass-fiber filter medium; wash thoroughly; and dry at 100°C to 10°C. Cool, desiccate
to a constant weight, and weigh.
5.3.1.3 Calculation:

weight of insoluble residue

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- × 100 = percentage of insoluble matter (Eq 2)
weight of sample

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

4 AWWA B201-98

Sec. 5.4 Total Available Alkali

5.4.1 Reagents.
a. 0.100N hydrochloric acid.
b. Methyl orange indicator.
c. Phenolphthalein indicator.
d. Silver nitrate indicator.
5.4.2 Procedure.
5.4.2.1 Weigh 1.325 g of the sample and transfer to a 500-mL glass-stoppered
volumetric flask partly filled with deionized distilled water. After the solution is
complete, add distilled water to make the total volume 500 mL and mix thoroughly.
5.4.2.2 Titrate 50 mL of the solution (Sec. 5.4.2.1) with 0.1N hydrochloric acid,
using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. First, add the phenolphthalein
indicator and titrate until the pink color disappears. This will give the approximate
halfway point. Then, add the methyl orange indicator and continue the titration.
When most of the hydrochloric acid has been added, boil 2 min; cool thoroughly;
and complete the titration to the methyl orange end point. (This procedure will
remove most of the carbon dioxide and give a sharper end point.) As an alternative to
the phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators, a pH meter may be used with the
titration end point at a pH of 4.4.
5.4.3 Calculation.

mL hydrochloric acid used × 4 = percent Na 2 CO 3 (Eq 3)

Multiply the percent Na2CO3 by 0.5849 to obtain the percent Na2O.

5.4.4 Correction. If an examination of the sample indicates less than 99 percent
sodium carbonate, the bicarbonate test may be applied according to Sec. 5.4.5 and the
sodium carbonate content of the material corrected as the results indicate.
5.4.5 Bicarbonate correction. Dissolve 8.4 g of the sample in 50 mL of carbon
dioxide-free distilled water and titrate with 1.0N sodium hydroxide until a drop of
the solution added to a drop of freshly prepared silver nitrate indicator on a spot
plate produces a dark color instantly.
5.4.6 Calculation.

mL 1.0N NaOH × 8.4

---------------------------------------------------------- = percentage NaHCO 3 (Eq 4)
weight of sample

Bicarbonate as percentage Na 2CO3 = percentage NaHCO3 × 0.6309

5.4.7 Total alkali. Total alkali as percentage Na2CO3 = percentage Na2CO3
(from Sec. 5.4.3) plus percentage NaHCO 3 expressed as Na2CO3 (from Sec. 5.4.6).
Sec. 5.5 Rejection
5.5.1 Notice of nonconformance. If the soda ash delivered does not meet the
requirements of this standard, a notice of nonconformance shall be provided by the
purchaser to the supplier within 10 working days after receipt of the shipment at the
point of destination. The results of the purchaser’s tests shall prevail unless the
supplier notifies the purchaser within five working days after receipt of the notice of
complaint that a retest is desired. On receipt of the request for a retest, the
purchaser shall forward to the supplier one of the sealed samples taken in accordance
with Sec. 5.1. In the event that the results obtained by the supplier on retesting do
not agree with the test results obtained by the purchaser, the other sealed sample

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

 SODA ASH 5

shall be forwarded, unopened, to a referee laboratory agreed on by both parties. The

results of the referee analysis shall be accepted as final. The cost of the referee
analysis shall be paid for as specified by the purchaser.
5.5.2 Removal of material. If the material does not meet the requirements of
this standard, the supplier shall remove the material from the purchaser’s premises
or adjust the price as agreed on by the supplier and purchaser.

SECTION 6: DELIVERY
Sec. 6.1 Marking*†
6.1.1 Required. Each shipment of material shall carry with it some means of
identification. Each unit package shall be legibly identified as light or dense soda
ash. Each unit package shall be marked with the net weight of the contents, the
name of the manufacturer, the brand name, if any, and other markings as required
by applicable laws and regulations. When shipped in bulk, this marking information
shall be provided according to applicable regulations.
6.1.2 Optional. At the option of the manufacturer, packages may also bear
the statement, “This material meets the requirements of AWWA B201, Standard for
Soda Ash,” provided that the requirements of this standard are met and the material
is not of different quality in separate agreement between the supplier and purchaser.

Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

Packaging and shipping of soda ash shall conform to all current local, state, and
federal regulations.†
6.2.1 Bulk containers. Soda ash shall be shipped properly in clean bulk contain-
ers; or in 100-, 150-, 200-, or 300-lb (45-, 68-, 91-, or 136-kg) bags; or in barrels of 275- or
300-lb (125- or 136-kg) net weight as required by the purchaser’s specifications.
6.2.2 Kraft bags. If bagged, soda ash shall be contained in multiwall kraft
bags, preferably constructed with a polyethylene moisture barrier to better protect
soda ash during storage.
6.2.3 Packaged weight. The net weight of packages shall not deviate from the
recorded weight by more than ±2.5 percent. If exception is taken to the weight of the
material received, acceptance or rejection shall be based on the weight of not less
than 10 percent of the packages received, selected at random from the shipment.

Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance

The purchaser may require an affidavit from the manufacturer or supplier
stating that the soda ash furnished according to the purchaser’s order complies with
all applicable requirements of this standard.

*Governmental packaging and marking references reflect US requirements. Users of ANSI/

AWWA B201 in Canada, Mexico, and non-North American countries should verify applicable
local and national regulatory requirements.
†Because of frequent changes in these regulations, all parties should remain informed of
possible revisions. Provisions of the purchaser’s specifications should not preclude compliance.

Copyright © 1998 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved.

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