Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Engineering
Carolyn J. Merry
Fundamentals of GIS
Civil Engineering Applications
• Transportation
• Watershed analysis
• Remote sensing
Fundamentals of GIS
Loc
atio
• Finding a subset of locations from a set
n-
of potential or candidate locations that
best serve someAllo
existing demand so as
cati
minimize some cost
•
on
Locate sites to best serve allocated
demand
• Application areas are warehouse
location, fast food locations, fire
stations, schools
Fundamentals of GIS
Loc
atio
n-
• Customer or demand locations
Allo
• Potential site cati
locations and/or
on
existing facilities
• Street networkInp or Euclidean
uts
distance
• The problem to solve
Fundamentals of GIS
Loc
atio
• The best sites n-
Allo
• The optimal allocation
cati of demand
on sites
locations to those
Out and summary
• Lots of statistical
put
information about that particular
s
allocation
Fundamentals of GIS
Initial Configuration
(from NCRST-E)
Fundamentals of GIS
Transportation – Emergency
Operations
• Transportation maps are critical
• Disaster response plans can be
developed
• Outside computer models used for
advance warnings
• Land use maps enhance emergency
operations
Fundamentals of GIS
Standard Deviation in
Standard Deviation in Mean Household Evacuation
Evacuation
Evacuation Time
Time
(from NCRST-H)
Fundamentals of GIS
Watershed
Characterization
• Relate physical characteristics to
water quality & quantity
• Data – land use & land cover,
geology, soils, hydrography &
topography – related to hydrological
properties
Fundamentals of GIS
Watershed Applications
• Estimate the magnitude of high-flow
events, the probability of low-flow
events
• Determine flood zones
• Identify high-potential erosion areas
• For example, BASINS, HEC-RAS,
MIKE11 models integrated with GIS
Fundamentals of GIS
Cross sections Boundary conditions
Flow (m3/sec)
500
400
300
200
100
0
11/1/1998 2/9/1999 5/20/1999 8/28/1999 12/6/1999 3/15/2000
Time (date)
03231500
Slope Stability Analysis
Fundamentals of GIS
Portage River Basin, Ohio
ADAPT's Hydrological Output for Needles Creek at County Line Rd for 2001
ADAPT
Pressure Transducer
0.70
0.60
Total daily runoff ( in)
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
Soils types 0.00
120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
Days
Remote Sensing
• Image backdrop
• Source of information on:
– land use/land cover
– vegetation type, distribution, condition
– surface waters
– river networks
– geomorphology
– monitor change
Fundamentals of GIS
1984 Land Use Map
Land use
Land use
Fundamentals of GIS
Suspended Sediment Concentration Model
Waterville Station – Maumee River Basin, Ohio
W
W Scale (Km)
20 0
• Links to websites
– The District
– Urban development
– Lake Superior
– Rutgers University
– OhioView
Fundamentals of GIS