Brasilia

The planned capital of Brazil

Arch 162 Project
Liselle Custodio
200805059
OUTLINE
Introduction INTRODUCTION
 The City • Brasilia, the planned city of Brazil,
 Its Form
is a monument to honor Brazilian
Location
 Topography prowess.
 Climate
• Brasilia comes from the Latin
Creation
 Society ‘Brazil’
 City Mechanics • It is the third capital of Brazil
Construction
Function
Salvador (1549–1763).
 As a Capital Rio de Janeiro (1763–1960)

REFERENCE: http://gosouthamerica.about.com/; http://www.distritofederal.df.gov.br

OUTLINE
Introduction CITY LOCATION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.mapas-df.com/brasilia.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY OF BRASILIA
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/maps/
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY FORM
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.planetware.com/i/map/BRA/brasilia-map.jpg
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY FORM
 The City • The original Plan for Brasilia was
 Its Form
called the ‘pilot plan’
Location
 Topography • Brasilia is shaped like an arrow,
 Climate
facing east.
Creation
 Society • It is a city that points to the
 City Mechanics future.
Construction
Function • The city is an art in the monolithic
 As a Capital form that suggests a freedom of
spirit and imagination.

REFERENCE: http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/southamerica/a/BraBrasilia.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY FORM
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/
OUTLINE
Introduction LOCATION
 The City • The planned city of Brasilia was
 Its Form
planned not just recently but
Location
 Topography already for more than a century.
 Climate
• It has been suggested even
Creation
 Society around the 18th century that the
 City Mechanics capital of Brazil should be away
Construction
from the sea and safe from the
Function
 As a Capital invaders.

REFERENCE: http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/southamerica/a/BraBrasilia.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction LOCATION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/maps/goias.gif
OUTLINE
Introduction LOCATION
 The City • 1823 - José Bonifácio Silva
 Its Form – This councillor presented a bill to the
Location Brazilian assembly to build a new
 Topography capital suggested the name "Brasília"
 Climate for the new city but this assembly was
Creation later dissolved by the Emperor Dom
 Society Pedro I
 City Mechanics
• 1883 - Dom Bosco
Construction
Function
– This Italian saint had a dream which
 As a Capital
was interpreted to mean the
construction of a new city "Between
parallels 15 and 20."

REFERENCE: http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/southamerica/a/BraBrasilia.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction LOCATION
 The City • 1892 - "Cruls Mission"
 Its Form Comissão Exploradora do Planalto
Location Central is appointed
 Topography • 1894 – "Cruls Quadrilateral"
 Climate Cruls Mission deem a 14,400 km2
Creation area adequate for the future capital,
 Society is demarcated.
 City Mechanics
Construction
• 1922, Sept.- Stone Foundation
Function first stone of Brasília is laid, in a spot
 As a Capital which today is administered by
Planaltina, one of the satellite cities
of Brasília.

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br
OUTLINE
Introduction TOPOGRAPHY
 The City • 1955, April - Plateau Promise
 Its Form
Location During a rally in the in the state of
 Topography Goiás, presidential candidate
 Climate
Juscelino Kubitschek, in response
Creation
 Society to a voter’s question promises
 City Mechanics that, if elected, he will shift the
Construction
federal capital to the central
Function
 As a Capital plateau.

REFERENCE: http://www.distritofederal.df.gov.br
OUTLINE
Introduction TOPOGRAPHY
 The City • Away from the Old Brazil
 Its Form
Location Site was over 360 miles (600km)
 Topography from the nearest paved road, 75
 Climate
miles (125km) from the nearest
Creation
 Society railroad, and some 115 miles
 City Mechanics (190km) from the nearest
Construction
airport.
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.distritofederal.df.gov.br
OUTLINE
Introduction CLIMATE
 The City • Tropical Savanna Climate
 Its Form
Location • The graph shows temperature
 Topography and precipitation in the City
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/weather.html
OUTLINE
Introduction CREATION
 The City • President Juscelino Kubitschek
 Its Form – he vowed to honor the constitution,
Location and with the slogan "50 years in 5“
 Topography – his plan was to make Brazil grow
 Climate during his five year term as much as
Creation the previous fifty years
 Society
 City Mechanics
• NOVACAP (Companhia
Construction Urbanizadora da Nova Capital – New
Function Capital Urbanization Agency)
 As a Capital – Held a series of competitions or
contests, between architects and
urban planners

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/history.html
OUTLINE
Introduction CONTEST ENTRIES
 The City • 1st Place - Lucio
 Its Form
Costa
Location
 Topography • 2nd Place -
 Climate
Boruch
Creation
 Society Milman, João
 City Mechanics Henrique
Construction
Rocha and Ney
Function
 As a Capital Fontes
Gonçalves

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h1i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction CONTEST ENTRIES
 The City • 3rd place - Rino
 Its Form
Levi, Roberto
Location
 Topography Cerqueira
 Climate Cesar and L. R.
Creation
Carvalho
 Society
 City Mechanics Franco
Construction
• 4th place - M.
Function
 As a Capital M. M. Roberto
Arquitects.

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h1i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction BEST OF THE BEST
 The City • Plano Piloto
 Its Form
Lúcio Costa’s plan was chosen as
Location
 Topography
it highlights a modern ideal city
 Climate that incorporated dignity, a vast
Creation scale and futuristic qualities.
 Society
 City Mechanics
• Lucio Costa was the urban
Construction planner. His chief architect is
Function Oscar Niemeyer, also a close
 As a Capital friend, and his landscape architect
is Burle Marx, his student

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h1i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction LUCIO COSTA
 The City • responsible for the layout
 Its Form • utopian city
Location – project although not fully
 Topography accomplished
 Climate – achieved to provide a certain quality of
Creation life
 Society • Superquadras
 City Mechanics – in which the citizens live in wooded
Construction areas with sporting and leisure
Function structure with small commercial areas,
 As a Capital bookstores and cafés
– the city is famous for its gastronomy
and the relative efficiency of transit

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h3i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City • Niemeyer was the architect of
 Its Form many buildings in Brasilia
Location
– Congress, the Palace of Dawn
 Topography
 Climate – Palace of Justice
Creation – Palácio do Planalto
 Society – Palácio dos Arcos
 City Mechanics
Construction
– the Cathedral
Function – University of Brasilia
 As a Capital – National Theater
– JK Memorial

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h3i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison Congress, the Palace of Dawn

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison Palace of Justice

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison Palácio do Planalto

REFERENCE: http://www.atarde.com.br/arquivos/2007/12/18520.jpg
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison Palácio dos Arcos

REFERENCE: http://www.vivabrazil.com/images/brasil5.jpg
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison the Cathedral

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison University of Brasilia

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison National Theater

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction OSCAR NIEMEYER
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
 Comparison
JK Memorial

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction BURLE MARX
 The City • Landscape design of some
 Its Form
gardens in the public buildings of
Location
 Topography Brasília
 Climate – Ministry of Army Water Garden
Creation
 Society
– Foreign Affairs Building
 City Mechanics – Ministry of Education Roof Garden
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

REFERENCE: http://portal.iphan.gov.br
OUTLINE
Introduction BURLE MARX
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
National Theater

REFERENCE: www.gardenhistorysociety.org
OUTLINE
Introduction BURLE MARX
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
Foreign Affairs Building

REFERENCE: www.48hourvisit.com/wp-content
OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

Aerial view of the Ministries Esplanade. At the background, the

Bus Station Platform and main Hospital are being built.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
The same place of previous photo, in 1959-1960. At the
foreground, the Bus Station Platform. The Ministries and the
Cathedral are in the back.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
"Marco Zero" (Zero Mark), 1957. At the foreground, the place
of the future Bus Station Platform. At the background, the place
where the Congress and the Ministries will be built.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

The Ministries Esplanade. At the foreground, part of the Senate.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
Aerial view of the Ministries Esplanade. At the background, the
Bus Station Platform and main Hospital are being built.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
The Cathedral, the Ministries and the Congress.

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction CONSTRUCTION
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital
The first superblocks of the Southern Wing. In the foreground,
at the right, the "SQS 105".

REFERENCE: Augusto Cesar B. Areal; http://www.brasiliabsb.com/minis_ic.htm

OUTLINE
Introduction BRASILIA NOTES
1 – 20 Notes of Costa explains to extreme
 The City
detail how the buildings according to use
 Its Form
are laid out; pedestrian and vehicular
Location circulation are both given priority
 Topography
 Climate CHARACTERISTICS
Creation • Simple
 Society
 City Mechanics
• Conceived according to the
Construction
Nature of the Function
Function • While monumental, spacious
 As a Capital lyrical and urban, the city is also
comfortable, efficient, functional,
welcoming and intimate.

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h3i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction BRASILIA NOTES
 The City • Definite Framework
 Its Form
Location Axes define the areas
 Topography • Ease of Construction
 Climate
Creation Parts can be built in sections
 Society
 City Mechanics
• Greenery - surroundings planted
Construction immediately with grass and trees
Function
• Balanced amount of roads and
 As a Capital
landscaped parks and gardens

REFERENCE: http://www.infobrasilia.com.br/bsb_h3i.htm
OUTLINE
Introduction BRASILIA NOTES
 The City
 Its Form
Location
 Topography
 Climate
Creation
 Society
 City Mechanics
Construction
Function
 As a Capital

Final Plan

REFERENCE: http://www.brasiliabsb.com/
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY MECHANICS
 The City • Theory of Modernism
 Its Form – the plot plan of the city was of a
Location bird in flight, or an airplane
 Topography
 Climate • Body
Creation Government and administrative
 Society buildings form the body of the
 City Mechanics
plane
Construction
Function • Wings
 As a Capital Residential and shopping areas
extend out the wings.

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/history.html
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY MECHANICS
 The City • Quadra Block
 Its Form
specified residential block which
Location
 Topography would create its own egalitarian
 Climate neighbourhoods
Creation
 Society • Details
 City Mechanics Planning down to the smallest
Construction
Function
detail, including the color and
 As a Capital make of taxi cabs and bus drivers
uniform

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/history.html
OUTLINE
Introduction CITY MECHANICS
 The City • Planned Residency
 Its Form
the urban planners allowed for a
Location
 Topography maximum of 500,000 residents
 Climate
• Satellite Cities
Creation
 Society Candangos, migrants from
 City Mechanics northern parts of Brazil, caused
Construction
rapid population growth and
Function
 As a Capital forced creation of satellite cities.

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com/facts/history.html
OUTLINE
Introduction AS A CAPITAL
 The City • Federal District
 Its Form
Location
– is not a city; Brasilia is one of the
 Topography Administrative Regions of the
 Climate Federal District
Creation
• UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE
 Society
 City Mechanics – the Federal District is only city in the
Construction world built in the 20th century to be
Function awarded (in 1987) the status of
 As a Capital
Cultural Heritage of Humanity by
UNESCO

REFERENCE: http://www.aboutbrasilia.com; http://www.brasilias.com.br

Bibliography
http://www.aboutbrasilia.com
http://www.brasilias.com.br
http://www.brasiliabsb.com
http://portal.iphan.gov.br
http://gosouthamerica.about.com
http://www.infobrasilia.com.br
http://www.distritofederal.df.gov.br
Google Earth
Brasilia
Thank You 
Arch 162 Project
Liselle Custodio
200805059