Dr.

Baba Saheb Ambedkar's

vision of India's Development

Implications on Dalit Socio-Economic

& Political Status
Sherin, Shubhangi, Biswa, Bhushan, Dhilip, Prasant & Sujit
Ambedkar and Caste “I am a snake in their garden”
“I know Hindus are sick of me”

Political Economic
Reform Reform

Social
Reform

Anhilation of Caste - 1936

Religious
Reform
Ambedkar and Buddhism

Why did Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Convert

What is religion?

What is Dhamma?

Why Dr. B. R. Ambedkar embraced Buddhism?

Religion must mainly be a matter of principles only.

It cannot be a matter of rules.

“ In Hinduism, conscience, reason and independent thinking have no

scope for development”. – Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Ambedkar and Buddhism (Contd...)

Fundamental Principle’s of Buddhism.

Bhudhism Teaches,

 Pradnya (understanding as against superstition and supernaturalism),

 Karuna (love)
 Samata (equality)

"The mind is everything. What you think you become". -

Budhha

Caste, Class, Race and Gender product of mind.

Buddhism emphasizes the development of the individual.

The need for each of us to take responsibility for our

development.

– Dream of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, to see India as a ‘prabudhha’

Ambedkar and his Ideological Standpoint
Liberty, Equality and Fraternity

•
State Socialism
•
Faith in Democracy and Parliamentary System
•
Nationalization of agriculture and few industries
•
Pro Mixed Economy
•
Slogan of democratic Society: Machines and more machines
•
No elimination of moneyed class, change in attitude and
disposition towards poor
•
Quasi Federal State
Ambedkar and Land Reforms
Consolidation
• of land + Nationalization of land & collective farming
+ institutional and technological reforms = Land reforms

Landless
Marginalized
Convert small Agriculture: class will be a
holdings into commercial land holding
Economic activity that class
Holdings yields surplus

Reduce Pressure on land

Land Reforms +
Industrialization
Check Sub division of land,
disguised and under employment
Ambedkar and Economics

Features of good taxation

Taxable Standard of
capacity living

Progressive Flexible
Ambedkar and Economics (Contd...)

Currency problems
 Instability of Rupee → Opposed adoption of gold exchange
standard for India
 Stability of internal price → gold currency standard
 Busy season and Slack season → inconvertible gold currency
standard with fixed limit
Miscellaneous
→ Food problems : cash crops to food crops, high price of food
stuff, food subsidy
→ Austerity : high salaries-social standard, competency,
democracy, integrity, and purity in administration, protect from
bribes and kick-backs
→ Nationalization : no industry should be nationalized without
definite & positive reasons.
Ambedkar and Reservation

Concept of Reservation
• The correct term used for reservation in the Indian Constitution
is Representation.
• NOT : “a policy matter/ a political gimmick / A matter of charity.”
• IS : “A Constitutional Obligation/ a democratic principle.”

→ “50 yrs of affirmative action vs 3000 yrs of subjugation”

→ “A representative Govt. better than an efficient Govt.”
→ Not given to anyone in his individual capacity / But as a
representative of the underprivileged community.”
→ Failure of the intellectual classes
→ Representation in govt, public sector units, public @ private
educational institutions etc…
Ambedkar and Politics

Definition of Democracy

A form and a method of governance

Revolutionary change in socio-economic life of people

Without bloodshed
This is a real test... “the severest test”

Conditions necessary for Democracy


I→ There must be no glaring inequalities in the society

II → There must exist an opposition

III → There must exist equality in law and administration

IV → There must be observance of constitutional morality

Characteristics of a democracy
Democracy should be dynamic in composition & form
Democracy should undergo change in purpose
Ambedkar And his views on Law
I AM FIRST INDIAN AND ATLAST ALSO INDIAN

Nation and Nationalism

Social Political Power /

Amalgamation freedom

H
O R
P I
G
E
H
T
India is not yet a nation...
Do not agree with Mr. Gandhi
and Muslim league Right for each other

Consciousness
of Mind (Nation
is the social
Feeling)
 Hindu Code Bill

Abolition of the birth right – survivorship

Half share to the daughter

Limit estate in to an absolute estate

Abolition of the caste in the matter of marriage and adoption

 The principle of the monogamy

The principle of divorce

In October 1951 he left the constituted assembly on the issue that
the Hindu Code Bill and OBC Reservations were not passed
RIGHTS OF DALIT IN INDIAN CONSTITUTION
Right to Equality

Article 14. The State shall not deny to any person equality
before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

Article 15. (1) The State shall not discriminate against any
citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.

→ be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with

→ with regards to access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public
entertainment; or other palace

Article 16 (4A) The State to make provision in favour of the Scheduled Castes
and the Scheduled Tribes (who are not adequately represented) for reservation in
matters of
→ promotion,
→ posts in the services under the State

Article 17. “Untouchability” is abolished and its practice in any form is

forbidden.
Article 46. The State shall
→ promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker
sections of the people (in particular, of SC's & ST, and shall
→ protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation

Article 243D. (1) Seats shall be reserved for—

(a) the Scheduled Castes; and
(b) the Scheduled Tribes in Panchayat

Article 243T. (1) Seats shall be reserved for SC & ST

→ in every Municipality
→ Number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same
proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that
Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of
the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of
that area
→ Seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality

Article 330, Reservation of seats for SC & ST's in the “House of the People”

Article 332, Reservation of seats for SC & ST's in

→ Legislative Assemblies of the States
→ [except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam which is only
for ST's]
Article 330, Reservation of seats for SC & ST's in the
→ House of the People

Article 332, Reservation of seats for SC & ST's in

→ Legislative Assemblies of the States
→ [except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam which is only
for ST's]

Article 335, Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services

and posts for SC & ST's
→ In the autonomous districts of Assam reservation only to ST's

Article 338. [National Commission for Scheduled Castes]—2[(1)

There shall be a Commission for the SC to be known as the National Commission
for SC's.
Article 339. Control of the Union over the administration of Scheduled Areas
and the welfare of ST's
Article 340. Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of
backward classes
Article 341. Scheduled Castes.—(1) The President after consultation with the
Governor, by public notification,
→ specify the castes, races or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or
tribes which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled
Castes in relation to that State/UT
Ambedkar and his Views

Reference

→ Ambedkar, B.R. (1952). Conditions precedent for successful

working of democracy. Speech delivered in the Bar Council in Pune
→ Rodrigues, A. (2002). Essential Writings of B.R. Ambedkar.
Oxford Universty Press, New delhi
→ Jagtap, Tushar. (2009) Essential Readings of Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar. Peoples Publication, Nagpur
→ Singh, S. (1998). Dr. B.R. Ambedkar : An Economist &
Economic Thinker. Contemporary Social Work, Vol XV.
→ Ambedkar, B.R. (1968). Anhilation of Caste with A reply to
Mahatma Gandhi, Bheem Patrika Publication, Julandhar
→ Ambedkar, B.R. Hindu Code Bill
→ Basu, D.D. Constitution of India
→ Constitution of India
→ Aloysis, G. Ambedkar on Nation and Nationalism
→ Ambedkar, B.R. Thoughts on Pakistan
Jai Bhim … !

Thank You ... !