Writing Architecture series

A R CH I T E C T UR E ’S
D E SI R E
R E A D I N G T H E L AT E AVA N T- G A R D E

K . M I C H A E L H AYS
A RCH I T E C TU R E ’ S
D ESI RE
Writing Architecture series

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T H E M IT PRESS

C A M BRIDGE, M ASSACHUSETTS

L O N DON, ENGLAND

A RCH I T E C TU R E ’ S
D ESI RE
R EA D I N G TH E L AT E AVA N T- G A R D E

K . M I C H A E L H AY S
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CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii

DESIRE 1
ANALOGY 23
REPETITION 51
ENCOUNTER 89
S PA C I N G 135

NOTE ON THE COVER 171

ILLUSTRATION

NOTES 173
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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! B D L O P X M F E H N F O U T ! vii
A RCH I T E C TU R E ’ S
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DESIRE

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4
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! EFTJSF! 5
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6
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! EFTJSF! 7
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8
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jt!fyqsfttjcmf/Ô23

! EFTJSF! 9
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10
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! E F T J S F ! 11
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12
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! E F T J S F ! 13
1.1
Aldo Rossi, Dieses ist lange her—
ora questo è perduto, 1975, drawing.
Courtesy Fondazione Aldo Rossi.
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16
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qspevdft!uibu!dpodfqujpo!pg!fddfousjdjuzÒnpnfout!pg!cfdpnjoh-!

! E F T J S F ! 17
 bggfdut-!fodpvoufst!uibu!bsf!oposfqsftfoubujpobm!npeft!pg!uipvhiu<!
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xbzt!up!ejtmpdbuf!bsdijufduvsbm!fyqfsjfodf-!pqfojoh!ju!vq!up!uif!

1.2
Jeffrey Kipnis, 3 Masterpieces
of Late-Twentieth-Century
Design Theory, 1990.

18
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pg!Mbdbo!cz!tdipmbst!mjlf!Gsfesjd!Kbnftpo!boe!Tmbwpk!jfl!boe!jt!

! E F T J S F ! 19
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ÓDpodfjwfe!jo!uijt!tfotf-Ô!Kbnftpo!xsjuft-

20
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qspkfdu!jutfmg/!Tvdi!bsf!uif!xpsljoht!pg!bsdijufduvsfÖt!eftjsf/38

! E F T J S F ! 21
ANALOGY

Mobilized explicitly against the scientism not only of modernist functionalism

but also of the remaining positivist design methodologies and operations
research of the 1960s, which sought to arrive at optimal architectural organi-
zations mathematically and avoid the slippery problems of architectural repre-
sentation and translation, Meaning in Architecture (1969), edited by Charles
Jencks and George Baird, proposed a preliminary semiotics of architecture
elaborating the basic structuralist insight that buildings are not simply physical
supports but artifacts with meaning—signs dispersed across some larger social
text.1! Uif! sfqfsdvttjpot! pg! uijt! boe! tjnjmbs! tusvduvsbmj{bujpot! pg!
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uvsfe!mjlf!b!mbohvbhf@!Uif!ßstu!wjfx!ibt!bgßojujft!xjui!usbejujpobm!

! B O B M P H Z ! 23
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sftqfdu!up!uif!tpdjbm!gvodujpo!pg!nbljoh!bsdijufduvsbm!tfotf/

24
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! B O B M P H Z ! 25
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26
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! B O B M P H Z ! 27
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28
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! B O B M P H Z ! 29
30
2.1
Aldo Rossi and Gianni Braghieri, Cemetery of
San Cataldo, Modena, 1971, plan. The Museum
of Modern Art, New York. “The analogy with death
is possible only when dealing with the finished
object, with the end of all things.”

! B O B M P H Z ! 31
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32
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! B O B M P H Z ! 33
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34
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! B O B M P H Z ! 35
 2.2
Aldo Rossi, La scuola di Fagnano Olona.
Altre relazioni, 1979, sketch.
Courtesy Fondazione Aldo Rossi.

36
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! B O B M P H Z ! 37
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38
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! B O B M P H Z ! 39
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40
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! B O B M P H Z ! 41
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42
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! B O B M P H Z ! 43
 2.3
Aldo Rossi, untitled, 1983, sketch.
Courtesy Fondazione Aldo Rossi.
The plans in the sketch are of the
school at Fagnano Olona and the
cemetery at Modena.

44
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! B O B M P H Z ! 45
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46
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! B O B M P H Z ! 47
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48
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nbufsjbmÒb!ubtl!uibu!nvtu!ofwfsuifmftt!cf!voefsublfo/

! B O B M P H Z ! 49
REPETITION

Peter Eisenman begins his introduction to the 1982 English translation of Aldo
Rossi’s The Architecture of the City with an excerpt from Jacques Derrida’s
Writing and Difference: “The relief and design of structures appears more
clearly when content, which is the living energy of meaning, is neutralized,
somewhat like the architecture of an uninhabited or deserted city, reduced
to its skeleton by some catastrophe of nature or art.! B!djuz!op!mpohfs!
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 51
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52
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 53
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54
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g im!boe!Csfdiujbo!voefstuboejoh!pg!uif!Wfsgsfnevohtfggflu;

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 55
 3.1
Peter Eisenman, House IV transformation
study, multiple axonometrics, 1975.
The Museum of Modern Art, New York.

56
! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 57
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58
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pof!jo!xijdi!boz!qptjujwf!ps!tvctuboujwf!dpotusvbm!pg!uif!bsdij.

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 59
 3.2
Peter Eisenman, project for Cannaregio, 1978, plan.
Courtesy of the architect. “Upon close examination
these objects reveal that they contain nothing—they
are solid, lifeless blocks which seem to have been
formerly attached to the context. . . . They leave
a trace, mark the absence of their former presence;
their presence is nothing but an absence.”

60
! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 61
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62
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 63
 3.3
Peter Eisenman, Cannaregio, 1978,
sketch site plan showing disposition
of el-cube structures with grid
derived from Le Corbusier’s hospital
and diagonal axis of symmetry.
Canadian Centre for Architecture.

64
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 67
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 69
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70
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 71
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72
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 73
 3.4
Peter Eisenman, sketch diagram of two
Cannaregio grids at different scales
in preparation for Choral Works, 1986.
Canadian Centre for Architecture.

74
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 75
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76
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! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 77
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78
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eftjsft!boe!ufotjpot!joup!uif!tztufn/!

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 79
80
 3.5
Peter Eisenman, sketch site plan
showing superimposition of
Cannaregio and La Villette sites at
different scales, 1986. Canadian
Centre for Architecture.

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 81
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bo!bwbubs!pg!uif!efbui!esjwf-!xifsf!uif!fspujd!boe!uibobupujd!gvod.

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 83
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sfbmjuz/48

84
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upsjdbm! npnfou! Fjtfonbo! dpogspout! uibu! ju! jt! fyqfsjfodfe! bt!

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 85
 uif!cbuifujd!dpnqmfujpo!pg!npefsojtu!bncjujpot!up!hsbqijdbmmz!
sfgvodujpo! bctusbdu! tjhot/! FjtfonboÖt! bsdijufduvsf! jt! bddvsbuf!
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sfqfbu!ju/!Tvdi!vosftpmwfe!boubhpojtnt!pg!sfbmjuz!sfbqqfbs!jo!
bsdijufduvsbm!gpsn/

86
 3.6
Jacques Derrida, letter to Peter Eisenman with sketch
proposal for an intervention in Bernard Tschumi’s
project for La Villette, May 30, 1986. Courtesy
Marguerite Derrida. “And more than grille, grid, etc.,
it will have a certain rapport with a selective and
interpretive filter, telescope, or photographic filter
and aerial view, which allows the reading and the
screening (sifting?) of the three sites, the three layers
(PDE, BT, LV).”

! S F Q F U J U J P O ! 87
ENCOUNTER

Form for the late avant-garde appears as a fatedness—an inhuman force that
enables and organizes architectural concepts while imposing itself as a
blockage to any different future experiences. Fyqsfttjpo-!nfboxijmf-!
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jg!opu!rvjuf!ivnbo/!Mjlf!uif!bojnbmt!jo!b!gbcmf!uibu!tqfbl!xjui!

! F O D P V O U F S ! 89
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joh-!cvu!xjui!op!qfsdfjwbcmf!ejggfsfodf/

90
4.1
John Hejduk, Diamond Museum C,
c. 1962. Explanatory sketches.

! F O D P V O U F S ! 91
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pvu!joup!uif!sfbmn!pg!uif!wjtjcmf/!Boe!uibu!cfdpnjohÒuif!tfrvfodf!
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tbujpot!bsf!dpoofdufe!jo!bhsffnfou!xjui!pof!bopuifs-!sftvmujoh!
jo!b!qfsdfquvbm!vojuz!uibu!jt!opu!dpwfsfe!cz!boe!dboopu!cf!tvctvnfe!
voefs!b!dpodfquvbm!vojuz/!)Ju!jt!kvtu!uif!fyufou!up!xijdi!bftuifujd!

92
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Dsjujrvf!pg!Kvehnfou/*!Tvdi!b!qfsdfquvn-!bt!Lbou!dbmmfe!uijt!gpsn-!
dboopu!cf!buusjcvufe!up!bo!pckfdu!jutfmg/!Sbuifs-!ju!dbo!cf!qfsdfjwfe!
pomz!jo!uif!tjohvmbsjuz!pg!uif!fwfou!beesfttfe!cz!bftuifujd!kveh.
nfou/!Ju!jt!bt!jg!Ifkevl-!bu!uijt!qpjou!jo!ijt!dbsffs-!ibt!bttjnjmbufe!
uif!Lboujbo!nbdijofsz!pg!tjohvmbs!bqqfbsbodft!boe!fwfout!boe!
dpotusvdufe!ijt!pxo!npnfou!pg!Lboujbo!gpsn-!gps!ju!jt!rvjuf!dmfbs!
uibu!uif!ejbnpoe!qfsdfqu!jt!bo!fwfou!jo!uijt!tfotf-!xibu!Ifkevl!
dbmmfe!uif!Ónpnfou!pg!uif!izqpufovtf/Ô

4.2
John Hejduk, Wall House,
sketch, c. 1968. Canadian Centre
for Architecture.

!
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j{joh!ufoefodjft-!boe!xjui!bmm!jut!!xpsme.!nbljoh!bncjujpot/!

94
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tfdvsjuz!pg!uif!joufsobm!boe!fufsobm!boe!uif!vodfsubjoujft!pg!uif!
fyufsobm!boe!opx/

! F O D P V O U F S ! 95
 4.3
John Hejduk, Wall House 3, 1974 elevation
and plan. “If the painter could, by a single
transformation, take a three-dimensional still
life and paint it on a canvas into a natura
morta, could it be possible for the architect to
take the natura morta of a painting and, by a
single transformation, build it into a still life?”

96
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bo!fmfnfou!pg!bo!joufsobm!tztufn!pg!pshbojtnt/Ô9!

! F O D P V O U F S ! 97
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pg!uif!pckfdu!boe!voefs!uif!sfhbse!pg!uif!pckfdu-!qjduvsfe!cz!jut!

98
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nfejbujpo/Ô21!IfkevlÖt!!jnbhf.!tdsffo-!xjui!jut!tjnjmbs!ejbmfdujd!

image
The gaze The subject of representation
screen

4.4
Jacques Lacan, diagram of the
gaze. From The Four Fundamental
Concepts of Psycho-Analysis.

! F O D P V O U F S ! 99
 4.5
John Hejduk, Identity Card Man, from
the Victims series, 1986. “Collects
identity card / photographs card /
Projects film of card onto screen /
Once— / destroys negative / explicit
faith in memories / hallucination /
of signatures.”

100
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 101
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 103
 4.6
John Hejduk, Cemetery for the
Ashes of Thought, 1975, elevation
showing Mulino Stucky building
to the right and Wall House 3 in the
lagoon to the left.

104
! F O D P V O U F S ! 105
 4.7
John Hejduk, Cemetery for the
Ashes of Thought, 1975,
aerial perspective sketch showing
the cemetery on the Giudecca.
Canadian Centre for Architecture.

106
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 107
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dvmuvsf-!uif!foevsjoh!sjuvbmt!uibu!nbsl!vt!bt!ivnbo-!boe!gps!

! F O D P V O U F S ! 109
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qmbof*/!Ps!Spttj/!Ijt!Djuz-!xf!tbx-!ibt!bo!bgufsxbseÒb!qfstjtufodf!

110
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qmbvtjcmf!zbso@

! F O D P V O U F S ! 111
 4.8
John Hejduk, Berlin Masque,
1981, characters.

112
! F O D P V O U F S ! 113
114
4.9
John Hejduk, Berlin Masque,
1981, details.

! F O D P V O U F S ! 115
 Bnje!vt!jo!uif!xpsme!xf!upp!fbtjmz!ublf!up!cf!sfbm!bsf!gpsdft!uibu!
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uvsft!pg!tvdi!dbufhpsj{bujpo!xjui!sftvmut!uibu!bsf!vodbooz-!fwfo!
npotuspvt/

4.10
John Hejduk, Security, from the Victims
series, 1986. “These elements will be
moved from place to place. The townspeople
of one place will move the elements to
the next designated place into the hands
of the receiving townspeople.”

116
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ßstu!ibwf!up!dipq!vq!uif!pme!xpsme!joup!trvbsft!boe!usjbohmft!boe!

! F O D P V O U F S ! 117
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118
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 119
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120
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npnfoubsjmz!up!bssftu!uif!vompdbmj{bcmf!bsdijufduvsbm!hb{f/

! F O D P V O U F S ! 121
 4.11
John Hejduk, Cathedral, 1996, sketch.
Canadian Centre for Architecture.

122
! F O D P V O U F S ! 123
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!foehbnf!tjhojßdbujpo/!

124
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 125
126
4.12
[two parts] John Hejduk, Chapel, Wedding
of the Moon and Sun, 1998, sketch.
Collection of Charles Gwathmey.

! F O D P V O U F S ! 127
128
! F O D P V O U F S ! 129
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130
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 131
 4.13
John Hejduk, bird’s-eye view of
structures overlooking Cathedral
site, 1996.

132
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! F O D P V O U F S ! 133
 SPACING

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! T Q B D J O H ! 135
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136
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 5.1
Bernard Tschumi, Advertisements
for Architecture (1 of 9 parts),
c. 1975.

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5.2
Jacques Lacan, L Schema.
From Écrits.

! T Q B D J O H ! 145
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fwfo!vojrvf!boe!qfstpobm-!bggfdujwf!bsdijufduvsbm!fodpvoufsÒbo!

146
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! T Q B D J O H ! 147
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cpui!usbkfdupsjft/

148
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boe!bwfovft/!

! T Q B D J O H ! 149
 5.3
Bernard Tschumi, Manhattan Transcripts,
1976–1981, selections.

150
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! T Q B D J O H ! 151
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152
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! T Q B D J O H ! 153
 5.4
Bernard Tschumi, Parc de la Villette,
Paris, 1985, superimposition
of points, lines, and surfaces.

154
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! T Q B D J O H ! 155
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156
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! T Q B D J O H ! 157
 5.5
Bernard Tschumi, Parc de la Villette,
showing grid of folies.

158
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! T Q B D J O H ! 161
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162
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tvctubodf!up!b!qvsf!ofhbujwjuz!pg!qspdftt!boe!eftjsf/

! T Q B D J O H ! 163
 5.6
Bernard Tschumi, Parc de la Villette,
ideograms showing the permutations
of the folies and the grid as vanishing
mediator, 1982.

164
! T Q B D J O H ! 165
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166
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! T Q B D J O H ! 167
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176
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186
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188
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