NAMA: MUHAMMAD RIZWAN

BIN AHAMED
BAHSEER(08DKM09F2102)
TOPIC: GAS TUNGSTEN ARC
WELDING(GTAW/TIG(TUNGS
TEN INNERT GAS)
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG)
welding is a process that produces an electric arc maintained between a
nonconsumable tungsten electrode and the part to be welded. In other
word the GTAW torch only contributes heat to the workpiece.

GTAW is used to weld stainless steel, nickel alloys such as MonelR and
InconelR, titanium, aluminum, magnesium, copper, brass, bronze and
even gold. GTAW can also weld dissimilar metals to one another such as
copper to brass and stainless to mild steel.

From here you can see how nice would be the welding looks, but the welder also
must be good in welding.
Usually the gas will be accurate and strtaight to the workpiece but sometimes
because of the some problems torch it maybe not straight or accurate.

The equipment required for the gas tungsten arc welding operation are as
below:
1) Power source
2) High frequency unit
3) Water cooling system
4) Welding torch-(ceramic cup,tungsten rod,collet,gas lense)
5) Petal switch
6) Gas cylinder
7) Pressure gouge,regulator,flow meter
8) Earthing cable with clamp

This is the full set of a GTAW machine.

Type of gtaw power source:
1) inverter-dc
2) thyrester-dc
3) motor generator-dc
4) rectifier-dc
5) transformer-ac(used for aluminium welding only)

high frequency unit:

1) provides high voltage electric energy with very high frequency-
1000 cycles/sec
2) initiate low energy arc and ionize air gap
3) electrically charges air gap for welding current to jump across the
tungsten tip to form and arc

water cooling system:

1) provides cooling water to welding torch
2) cools tungsten rod, torch handle and welding cable
3) cooling water returns though flexible tube which carries welding
cable within.
 Co
mmonly the gas used is argon gas, other than argon helium and carbon
dioxide gas is useable, and all of the gases can also be combined or
mixture and be used for the welding.

Tools for gtaw:

1) head screen
2) hand gloves
3) chipping hammer
4) wire brush
5) spanner set

torch moment during welding:

Advantages of GTAW welding:

1) Concentrated Arc - Permits pin point control of heat input to the
workpiece resulting in a narrow heat-affected zone
2) No Slag - No requirement for flux with this process; therefore no slag
to obscure the welder’s vision of the molten weld pool
3) No Sparks or Spatter - No transfer of metal across the arc. No
molten globules of spatter to contend with and no sparks produced
if material being welded is free of contaminants
 4) Little Smoke or Fumes - Compared to other arc-welding processes
like stick or flux cored welding, few fumes areproduced. However,
the base metals being welded may contain coatings or elements
such as lead, zinc, copper, nickel and so on, that may produce
hazardous fumes. Keep your head and helmet out of the fumes
rising off the workpiece. Be sure that proper ventilation is supplied,
especially in a confined space.
5) Welds more metals and metal alloys than any other process
6) Good for welding thin material

Disadvantages of GTAW welding:

1) Slower travel speeds than other processes
2) Lower filler metal deposition rates
3) Hand-eye coordination is a required skill
4) Brighter UV rays than other processes
5) Equipment costs can be higher than other processes
6) Concentrations of shielding gas may build up and displace oxygen
when welding in confined areas − ventilate the area and/or use local
forced ventilation at the arc to remove welding fumes and gases. If
ventilation is poor, wear an approved air-supplied respirator