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Beam Design to BS 5400 Part 3 : 2000

This example will illustrate the procedures to design a steel beam to BS 5400 Part 3. The concrete deck and live loading
are included to demonstrate the use of load factors only, they do not represent a solution for a deck design.
 
Problem:

Design a simply supported beam which carries a 150mm thick concrete slab together with a nominal live load of 10.0
kN/m2 . The span of the beam is 9.0m centre to centre of bearings and the beams are spaced at 3.0m intervals. The slab
will be assumed to be laid on top of the beams with no positive connection to the compression flange.

3
γconc. = 24kN/mm

Loading per beam (at 3.0m c/c)

Nominal Dead Loads : slab = 24 x 0.15 x 3.0 = 10.8 kN/m

  beam = say 2.0 kN/m
Nominal Live Load : = 10 x 3.0 = 30 kN/m

Load factors for ultimate limit state from BS 5400 Part 2 (or BD 37/01) Table 1:
Dead Load γfL steel = 1.05

  γfL concrete = 1.15

Live Load γfL HA = 1.50

Total load for ultimate limit state =(1.15 x 10.8)+(1.05 x 2.0)+ (1.5 x 30)
=12.42 + 2.1 + 45.0
=60 kN/m

Design ultimate moment =60 x 9.02 / 8

=608 kNm

Design ultimate shear =60 x 9.0 / 2

=270 kN

BS 5400 Pt. 3
1) Design for Bending

Use BS EN 10 025 steel grade S275, then nominal yield stress σy = 265 N/mm2

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Beam Design Page 2 of 4

k2 = 1.0 (load is not free to move

laterally)

ke = 1.0 (check later for initial value)

L= 9000mm

η = 0.94 (From Fig. 9(b): MA/M M = M B/M A = 0)

λF = l e/r y(tf/D)

λF = 9000/49.6 (19.6/611.9) = 5.81

i = Ic/(Ic +It)

i = 0.5

ν = 0.78 (from Table 9)

λLT = 9000 x 0.9 x 0.94 x 0.78 / 49.6 = 120

Section is compact, hence Mult = M pe = 974kNm

λLT ((σyc /355)(Mult/M pe )) 0.5  = 120 x ((265/355)(974/974)) 0.5 = 104

le/ lw = 1.0

From Fig.11(b) : M R/M ult  = 0.42

MR = 0.42 x M ult = 0.42 x 974 = 409 kN/m

MD = 409 / (1.2 x 1.1) = 310 kNm < 608 kNm

hence section too small.

Use a 762 x 267 x 197kg/m UB

Zpe = 7.167 x 106 mm 3

6 -6
Mpe = 7.167 x 10 x 265 x 10

Mpe = M ult = 1899kNm

λF = 5.2

ν= 0.81

λLT = 108

MR/M ult = 0.51

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Beam Design Page 3 of 4

MD = 733 kNm > 608 hence OK

giving λLT = 127

λLT = l e k 4 ην / ry
approx le = (110x57.1) / (0.9x0.94x0.81) = 9166
Hence k e maximum = 9166 / 9000 = 1.018

Rv/W = 0.5 (load causing max moment in beam)

E = 205 000  (cl.6.6)

tf = 25.4

β = 1.0

ν = 0.81

L/ry = 9000 / 57.1

Hence max δt = 0.000378 mm

bearing stiffener is fully restrained at the point of maximum bending.

Therefore yield stress can be developed in both tension and compression
edges of the bearing stiffener (λLT = 0).
3
0.000378 = 1x(744.2) / (3x20500x I )
I = 1.773 x 106 mm 4
I of end stiffener :
3 3
I = 250x15.6 /12 + tx250 /12
t min = 1.3 mm
Use at least 10mm plate hence OK

δt = 1x(744.2)3 / (3x205000x13.1x106) = 51x10-6 mm/N

df = 769.6 - 25.4 = 744mm

6 6 2
σfc = M / Zxc = 608x10 / 6.234x10 = 97.5 N/mm

2 2
σci = π ES/λLT

S = Zpe /Zxc = 7.167 / 6.234 = 1.15

2 2 2
σci = π x 205000 x 1.15 / 108 = 199 N/mm

6 2 -3
Fs1 = 0.005(608x10 /(744{1-(97.5/199) }))x10

Fs1 = 5.4 kN
∆e1 = ∆e2 = D/200 = 769.6 / 200 = 3.848

β=1

Σδ = 2δt = 2 x 51x10-6 = 0.102 x 10-3

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Beam Design Page 4 of 4

σci is to be determined using l e from 9.6.4.1.1.2b).

0.5
le = πk2(EIc(δe1+δe2)/L)

Ic = 25.4 x 268 3 / 12 = 40.7 x 106

6 -6 0.5
le = π x 1.0(205000 x 40.7 x 10 x 2 x 51 x 10 / 9000) = 967mm

λF = (l e/r y)(tf/D) = (967/57.1)(25.4/769.6) = 0.559

ν = 0.993 (From Table 9)

λLT = l ek4ην/ry = 967 x 0.9 x 1.0 x 0.993 / 57.1 = 15.1

σci = π2ES/λLT 2

2 2 2
σci = π x 205000 x 1.15 / 15.1 = 10205 N/mm

-3 -3
Fs2 = 3.848 x 97.5 / ((10205 - 97.5) x 0.102 x 10 ) x 10

Fs2 = 0.4 kN
Fs3 = RdL(∆/D+ θLtanα)/ D

α=0

R = 60 x 9 / 2 = 270 kN

dL = 810 say (allow 40mm for depth of bearing)

Fs3 = 270 x 0.81 x ( 1/200 ) / 0.77 = 1.4 kN

Allowing additional effect for wind load ( which is generally small compared
to Fs ) then

say Fs = 9 kN

γf3 = 1.1 (Clause 4.3.3)

γm = 1.05 (Table 2)

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